专题九 主谓一致 课件(共23张)-2026届高考英语二轮复习易错点剖析与强化训练

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专题九 主谓一致 课件(共23张)-2026届高考英语二轮复习易错点剖析与强化训练

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(共23张PPT)
易错点剖析与强化训练
专题九 主谓一致
2026届高考二轮专题复习
易错点剖析
易错点剖析
语法一致
1
可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
代词all作主语:指人时,谓语动词用复数;指事物或现象时,谓语动词通常用单数。
不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数;what引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
many a, the whole, each, every, either, neither+单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时,即使有and连接,谓语动词仍用单数。
主语后接介词短语或其他插入语时,如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than, accompanied by, in addition to, more than, no less than,等,谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
易错点剖析
语法一致
1
and, both…and…连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数;and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或事物时,谓语动词用单数。
由lots of, a lot of, a number of, plenty of等修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词与所修饰的名词形式保持一致。
定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致;如果定语从句修饰前面的整个句子,从句中的谓语动词用单数。
倒装句中谓语动词的数与后面的主语保持一致,即谓语后面的主语是单数,动词用单数;谓语后面的主语是复数,动词用复数。
在强调句中,如果被强调的成分是原来句子的主语,引导词that(或who)后面的谓语与被强调的成分在人称和数上保持一致。在“It+be动词+被强调部分+that/who…”强调句型中,be动词一般用单数;如果强调的是主语,that/who的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。
易错点剖析
意义一致
2
形式为单数但意义为复数的名词作主语时,如police, cattle等,谓语动词用复数。
表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时,常被看作整体,谓语动词用单数。
以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时,如maths, physics, politics, news等,谓语动词用单数。
表示某国人总称的名词作主语时,如the Chinese, the British, the Irish等,谓语动词用复数。
易错点剖析
意义一致
2
单复数同形的名词作主语时,如 sheep,deer,fish,means,works(工厂)等,谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。
表示一类人的the poor/ rich/ dead/ injured/ wounded等和“the+姓氏复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
集体名词作主语时,如 family, class, crew team, group, public, audience, committee, crowd, government等,谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时,谓语动词用单数;如果指其中各个成员时,谓语动词用复数。
分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时,谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词的数保持一致。the rest, the remaining/part ...,plenty of, a great deal of等+主语,谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定。
易错点剖析
就近一致
3
(1)并列连词连接的成分作主语
or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but…, not only…but (also)…等并列连词连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。
(2)there be, here be结构中
在there be, here be结构中,若有几个并列成分作主语,谓语动词的单复数由最靠近的主语决定。
(3)many a/more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _________ (be) often acceptable.
答案:is
解析:主语是动名词短语Leaving the less important things until tomorrow,谓语动词应使用单数,根据often可知,应使用一般现在时,故填is。
易错点:不定式、动名词短语作主语时,易受句子里面复数名词的影响而误用复数谓语动词。真正的主语是不定式、动名词短语或从句所代表的抽象事物,谓语动词应使用单数形式。
—Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _________ (hope) to go to university.
—So do I.
答案:hopes
解析:本题的主语是each,of the students作后置定语,修饰each,再结合“So do I.”可知,应使用一般现在时,故填hopes。
易错点:易受介词of后面的复数名词的影响而误用复数谓语动词。介词of后面的复数名词是定语,真正的主语是介词of前面的数词或代词。
The famous musician, as well as his students, _________ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
答案:was invited
解析:题干中主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician,故谓语动词使用单数形式,再根据句中标志性词语at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo可知应使用一般过去时,故填was invited。
易错点:易受句意和谓语动词前面复数名词的影响而误用复数。真正考查的主语往往是单数形式。
It is reported that many a new house _________ (build) at present in the disaster area.
答案:is being built
解析:主语是many a new house,谓语动词应使用单数形式,由句意和时间状语at present可知,此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态,故填is being built。
易错点:受many和汉语思维的影响,容易误用复数谓语动词。
The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _________ (be) saved for other purposes.
答案:were
解析:句意:这家工厂使用了65%的原料,其余的被省下来用于其他用途。the rest of which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代raw materials。the rest of which作主语时,谓语动词取决于其后所跟的名词, which指代剩余的raw materials,是复数名词,因此谓语动词应用复数形式。根据used可知,从句用一般过去时,故填were。
易错点:受many和汉语思维的影响,容易误用复数谓语动词。
Among the crises that face humans _________ (be) the lack of natural resources.
答案:is
解析:句中状语提前,使用了倒装语序,句子的主语lack是不可数名词,故填is。
易错点:在解答倒装句中的主谓一致试题时,易受前面作表语的名词影响,也容易受后面不是主语的复数名词影响而误用谓语形式。
强化训练
【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse __________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
答案:walks
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程,亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。本句描述客观情况,应用一般现在时;主语the Silk Route Garden是单数,动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
真题练习
【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】Some of the things that Tang was writing about __________ (be) also Shakespeare's concerns. I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.
答案:were
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。本句描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;主语Some of the things是复数,动词应用复数形式。故填were。
真题练习
【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, __________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
答案: was built
解析:考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。本句描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;动词build和主语a six-meter-tall pavilion是动宾关系,应用被动语态;主语a six-meter-tall pavilion是单数,动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was built。
真题练习
【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案:were
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。本句描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;主语areas是复数,动词应用复数形式。故填were。
真题练习
答案:B 解析:考查主谓一致。句意:不仅学生们而且老师都对踢足球表现出极大的兴趣。not only...but also 连接两个成分作主语,遵循就近原则,其后谓语动词与就近的主语保持一致。teacher为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
强化训练
1. Not only the students but also the teacher _____ a great interest in playing football.
A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing
2. The number of tall buildings _______ greatly in Tianjin in the last few years.
A. is increasing B. are increased C. has increased D. have increased
答案:C 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,天津高层建筑的数量有了很大的增加。根据句意可知,increase这一动作从过去持续到现在,有可能持续下去,所以用现在完成时;“the number of+名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用单数,表示“……的数量”。故选C项。
答案:A 解析:考查语态和主谓一致。句意:每年有大量的食物被捐赠给慈善机构。donate sth.to sb.捐赠某物给某人,根据主语Quantities of food 可知,用被动语态,其被动形式为sth. be donated to sb.,quantities of +名词在句中作主语时,其谓语动词一律用复数。故选A。
强化训练
3. Quantities of food _____the charity every year.
A. are donated to B. is donated to C. are donated D. donate to
4. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, ________ have been read hundreds of times previously.
A. all of whom B. each of whom C. all of which D. each of which
答案:C 解析:分析句子结构可知,空处应为which引导的非限制 性定语从句,先行词为old magazines旧杂志。又根据空后have可知,横线处应是名词复数。all所有的,作主语谓语动词用复数,each每一个,作主语谓语动词用单数,故填all of which。故选:C。
强化训练
When I turned on the TV, the Olympic champion ______ (interview) after the race.
答案:was being interviewed 解析:根据时间状语从句When I turned on the TV可知,此处讲述过去发生的事情,应用过去时;结合句意可知,表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,且主语 the Olympic champion与动词interview之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语 the Olympic champion为单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故填 was being interviewed。
The children______ (take) good care of by their grandma at present.
答案:are being taken 解析:句意为:孩子们现在被他们的奶奶照顾得很好。根据at present可知,应用现在进行时;The children 和take care of 之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为复数概念,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填 are being taken。
强化训练
The majority of the work in creating a project ________(be) now completed.
答案:is 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:创建项目的大部分工作现已完成。分析句子可知,空格处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语now可知,此处应用一般现在时态。主语是The majority of the work,表示单数,故谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
More than one picture ________(show) that over 70% of the island ________ (be) covered by water.
答案:shows;is
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:不止一张图片显示,该岛70%以上的面积被水覆盖。more than+单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,且表示的是一般事实,要用一般现在时第三人称单数形式;分数、百分数+不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,且表示的是一般事实,要用一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填shows; is。
强化训练
In the past few years, effective measures______ (take) to protect the endangered animals.
答案:have been taken 解析:根据时间状诉 In the past few years可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语effective measures和take之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为复数名词,助动词用have。故填have been taken。
So far, people's lives______ (change) by online communities and social networks.
答案:have been changed 解析:根据句中的时间状语So far 可知,本句应用现在完成时,表示过去的事情对现在产生的影响。据句意和空后的by online communities and social networks可知,people's lives 和动词change之间是被动关系,所以本句应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been changed。

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