资源简介

(共39张PPT)
Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
陈述语气: 陈述事实
疑问语气: 表达疑问
祈使语气：表示恳求、建议或邀请
虚拟语气: 是动词的一种特殊形式。它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的假设
语气的分类
CONTENTS
1
If虚拟条件句
Subjunctive Mood In If-clauses
3
特殊虚拟语气
Subjunctive Mood In special Mood
2
其他从句虚拟语气
Subjunctive Mood In other clauses
4
混合虚拟语气与含蓄虚拟语气
1
If虚拟条件句
Subjunctive Mood In If-clauses
1.1 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
时间 if 条件句谓语 主句 谓语
与 现在事实相反
与 过去事实相反
与 将来事实相反
Subjunctive Mood In If-clauses
would/could/should/might
+动词原形
动词过去式
(be动词用were)
had+过去分词
would/could/should/might
+ have+过去分词
would/could/should/might
+动词原形
动词过去式
were to+动词原形should+动词原形
1
Subjunctive Mood In If-clauses
If条件句中的虚拟语气
If I were you,
I would wish to be a doctor.
1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should/would/might/could +动词原形。
If I did as well as you in computer,
I would choose to be a programmer instead.
If I had got the time for traveling during the holidays,
I would have gone to Paris.
2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用 had +过去分词，主句的谓语should /would/might/could + have ＋过去分词。
3.与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be的过去式用were)； should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形，主句用should/would/might/could +动词原形。
如：If I were to do it,I should do it at once. If it should fail, I would try again.
举一反三下吧~
看图说话：用虚拟语气表达
If I were a bird,
I could fly in the sky.
I would buy an expensive car.
If I had a lot of money, ________________________________________
If I ____________busy last night,
I _____________ to see the
film with you .
had not been
would have gone
If he more carefully,
he the car
accident yesterday.
would not have had
had driven
If it ____tomorrow, we _________camping.
If it ________ tomorrow,
we ________ camping.
If it ________ tomorrow,
we ________ camping.
rained wouldn’t go
should rain
wouldn’t go
were to rain
wouldn’t go
练一练吧~
1. If he ___________ (tell) me his phone number yesterday, I ______________________ (take) him to the picnic.
2. If there ______(be) no unreal conditionals, English
learning ______________(be) much easier.
3. If you ________(come) tomorrow, we ___________ _(have)the meeting.
were
would be
would have
came
had told
would have taken
Fill in the blanks:
与过去事实相反
与现在事实相反
与将来事实相反
开心一刻吧~
One day, a father and his little son were going home. At this age, the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions.
Now, he asked, "What's the meaning of the word 'Drunk', dad "
"Well, my son," his father replied, “Look, there are two policemen standing over there. If I regarded the two policemen as four, I would be drunk."
"But, dad," the boy said, " there's only ONE policeman!"
What can we infer from the dialogue
A. The father must have been drunk.
B. The son was rather stupid.
C. The son was good at finding other’s mistakes.
D. The father was a policeman.
√
归纳总结
一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用
从句(条件) 主句(结果)
If引导 的条件 句 与现在事实相反 If＋主语＋动词的过去式(be用were)(If sb. did sth.) 主语＋would(should/could/might)＋动词原形
(sb. would/could/should do sth.)
1. If I were you, I should study English. 2. I would certainly go if I had time.
从句(条件) 主句(结果)
If 引导 的条件 句 与过去事实相反 If＋主语＋had＋动词的过去分词 (If sb. had done sth.) 主语＋would
(should/could/might)＋have＋动词的过去分词
(sb. would/should/could have done sth.)
1. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the test. 2. If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.
从句(条件) 主句(结果)
If 引导 的条件 句 与将来事实相反 If＋主语＋ ①动词的过去式(be动词用were) ②should＋动词原形 ③were to＋动词原形
主语＋would(should/could/might)＋动词原形
1. If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 2. If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
1.2 省略if的条件句
如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时， if 可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把were，had，should放到从句主语前面去。
如：
If I had known it, I wouldn’t have made such a silly mistake.
Had I known it, I wouldn’t have made such a silly mistake.
☆注意：
若省略if 的条件句里的谓语动词是否定形式，则不能用动词的缩略形式，且否定词not不提前。
如：
Were it not for the rain,I would go hiking now.
你会了吗？
Try!
Were I a boy, I think I could understand.
If I were a boy, I think I could understand.
If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam.
Had you taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam.
If he should come to our school tomorrow, we would be greatly surprised.
Should he come to our school tomorrow, we would be greatly surprised.
归纳总结
从句(条件) 主句(结果)
if引导 的条件 句 条件从句中省略if 在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中， 有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去， 而将had, should, were提到主语之前。 如： 原句： If she were younger, she would do it. 去掉if: Were she younger, she would do it.
1.If he more careful, he would have got far better results in the finals. A. had been B. was C. has been D. were
2.______ a little earlier, you could have got a copy of his latest book.
A. If you would arrive B. If you arrived
C. Should you arrive D. Had you arrived
3.Were it not for the fact that he ______ his work, he ______ enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. completed; wouldn't have been B. had completed; wouldn't have been
C. has completed; wouldn't be D. completes; wouldn't be
解析：根据句意和主句中的谓语动词would have got可推断，句子描述与过去相反的虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。
解析：表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，省略if, had提前构成倒装
解析：fact后是同位语从句，表示动作已经完成用现在完成时。表示与现在事实相反，主句用would+动词原形
4.—It seems that people are becoming more and more selfish.—How much happier life would be if we ________to the values of the past!A. would return
B. had returned
C. return
D. were to return
解析：根据句意可知是对将来发生的事情的虚拟，条件句中使用“were to do sth.”“should+动词原形”或者过去时；主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”
5.— I'm worried about the sports meet. Do you think it will be postponed
— If it _______ rain tomorrow, but actually the weather forecast has removed our worry.
A. could B. would
C. might D. should
解析：从第二句后半句可知，明天不会下雨，因此判断为虚拟语气，而对将来的虚拟应用should + do
6.（2020·南京模拟）________ the mistake in the beginning, the problem could have been prevented at its source.
A. Had not the company ignored B. If the company didn't ignore
C. Had the company not ignored D. Would the company not ignore
解析：根据主句the problem could have been prevented at its source，可知是对过去事实的假设，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。 当从句的谓语动词含有were，should，had时，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把were，should，had等词置于句首
7. _________ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
解析：在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前，变成 were, should, had +主语的形式
8﹣Why must we get up so early？
﹣If we ______ the flight，we would have to stay here for another week．
A.missed B.have missed C.miss D.would miss
解析：此处表达的应是与现在事实相反的假设，即如果我们（现在）错过了这次航班；并且主句使用了 would+do的形式；故if条件句应使用一般过去时
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