资源简介

(共39张PPT)
By the end of this class, you will be able to:
Learning objectives
1. get the main idea and structure of the text.
2. learn the features of argumentative essay.
3. write an argumentation.
How much money has China spent on its space program
Lead-in
Summary of Key Figures
Program/Initiative Investment Time Period Key Achievements
Manned Space Program ~390 billion RMB 1992–2012 Shenzhou missions, rendezvous docking
Tiangong Space Station ~500 billion RMB 2021–present Independent space lab, modular design
Commercial航天 Market 2.5 trillion RMB (projected) By 2025 Satellite launches, reusable rockets
Annual Maintenance (Tiangong) ~4.4 billion USD Ongoing Efficient operations using ion thrusters
NASA may spend 24,801,500,000 dollars in 2022.
It has taken 65 years to develop space exploration.
Lead-in
However......
poverty
hunger
pollution
disease
01
However......
The earth is still facing poverty, hunger, pollution, disease......
Is exploring space
a waste of time and money
Lead-in
Skim for the text type
A. argumentation（议论文）
B. narration（记叙文）
C. travel journal
A. argumentation（议论文）
Q1.What is the type of the passage
reading
An argumentation：adopt a standpoint and argue in favour of it.
What is the structure of the text
A
C
D
B
Read for the structure
Para 1
Read and underline the different opinions about space exploration.
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and a lot of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realize how exploring space helps us.
against
for
Part. 1: Introduction
1. Different oppinions.
2. Thesis statements.
中心论点 / 主旨句
Tip1: To make our article more objective, we should express different opinions about the topic.
Find the main idea of each paragraph.（2-4）
Para 2
Para 3
Para 4
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.
Part 2: Benefits pf space exploration.
Tip 2:To make our article more logical , we should use some linking words.
How does exploring space help to fight against world hunger
It has directly __________ the many satellites that now orbit Earth.
resulted in
A number of the satellites record data on land and ___________________.
weather patterns
Then the data ____________ ___scientists on Earth.
After careful analysis, the
scientists can provide useful ________________ and ______ for ________.
As a result, space-based science __________________in its efforts to grow _____________
to feed Earth' s increasing population.
is transmitted
recommendations
has helped farming
enough food
03
to
advice
farmers
Para 2
1. How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
2. In what area has it helped
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products, such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras, are changing our lives.
Para 3
03
1. What are the world’s problems
2. How has space exploration helped to find ways to solve them
Para 4
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
Satellites record_______ → Scientist analyse data and provide useful_______ → Farmers are able to grow ___________
Space technologies have helped to create new_______→ Companies make better__________
Seeing pictures of our planet makes people realise that our planet’s ___________ are __________.
key word:____________
key word:____________
key word:____________
Read for the key words and the supporting details
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
data
advice
enough food
material
products
resources
limited
world hunger
technological improvements
world’s problem
Tip 3:In order to make our argument strong, we need to provide suitable supporting detail.
Tip 4:In order to make our article more coherent, we should express our opinion and end in the closing part properly.
Underline the sentence that repeats the writer's opinion in the last paragraph.
Para 5
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.
Post-reading Structure of an argument
Introduction
introduce the topic
state your opinion
Body
argument 1+ supporting details
argument 2+ supporting details
argument 3+ supporting details
Conclusion
rephrase your opinion
04
How to write an argumentative essay
Start with a question/ fact
State an opinion
Para 1
Introduction
Para 2-4
Body
Para 5
Conclusion
A question/ fact
Opinion
Conclusion
Give reasons and evidence to support an opinion
State a conclusion
＋
Reason 1
Reason 2
Reason 3
＋
＋
details
details
details
议论文
一般现在时
第一、第三人称
首段：引入话题
中段：支持和反对观点及其理由
尾段：表明自己的观点
体裁话题
时态人称
文章架构
核心要点
开门见山，点明话题
介绍两种相反观点及其理由
阐述自己的观点
第一段 开门见山，提出话题(1－2句)
(1) We had a heated discussion about/on...
我们就……进行了热烈的讨论。
(2) Nowadays, ... is/are becoming more and more popular among...
近期，......越来越受到......欢迎。
(3) Recently, the phenomenon of...has aroused wide concern.
近期，....引起了大众的注意。
e.g.近期，我们班就是否允许学生的手机进入校园的问题展开了激烈讨论。
Recently our class have had a heated discussion about ______________________________________________________.
whether students' mobile phones should be allowed at school or not
承上启下句：
对此，人们看法不一。
Different people have different opinions.
Opinions vary from person to person.
Different people hold different attitudes towards it.
Opinions are divided on the question.
第二段 表达不同观点及其理由
(1) Some/ Most/ Few of them hold the opinion that...
他们中的一些/大多数/少数人认为
(2) ...of them are in favor of sth/ the idea that...
他们中的一些/大多数/少数人赞成……的观点
(3) People who are for/against the idea think that...
支持/反对这个想法的人认为……
(4) However, others are strongly against it.
然而，其他人强烈反对上述观点。
部分学生认为他们应该带手机上学。
Some students hold the opinion that _____________________________
然而，其他学生反对在校使用手机。
However, others are against _________________________.
they should take their mobile phones to school.
using phones at school
第二段 表达不同观点及其理由
(5) Today, _____ have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, _____. Second, _____. What makes things worse is that ____ .
现在，……给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。
首先，……；其次，……；更为糟糕的是……。
(6) Nowadays, it is common to _____. Many people like it because _____ . Besides, _____.
现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。
(7) Everything has two sides and _____ is not an exception, which has both advantages and disadvantages.
任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
e.g. Nowadays, it is common to hear public support for government and private investment in space programs. Many people like it because they believe it is crucial for finding new resources and ensuring the long-term
survival of our species. Besides, international cooperation in space can promote peace and understanding on Earth.
如今，听到公众支持政府和私人企业对太空项目进行投资已很常见。许多人支持这一点是因为他们相信这对于寻找新资源和确保我们物种的长期生存至关重要。此外，在太空领域的国际合作能够促进地球上的和平与理解。
Today, ____________________________________ has brought a lot of
harms in our daily life. First, they severely distract students' attention in class, as many cannot resist checking notifications or playing games. Second, it leads to academic dishonesty, ________________________________________________ . What makes things worse is that the constant need to check their phones can develop into an addiction, severely impairing their ability to concentrate on any task for long periods.
如今，学生将智能手机带入校园给我们的日常学习生活带来了许多危害。首先，它们严重分散学生在课堂上的注意力，因为很多人忍不住查看通知或玩游戏；其次，这会导致学术不端行为，因为一些学生会在考试时用手机搜索答案；更为糟糕的是，不断查看手机的需求会发展成瘾，严重损害他们长时间专注于任何任务的能力。
students bringing smartphones into campus
as some students use phones to search for answers during exams
第三段 表明自己的观点
As far as I am concerned，I completely agree with the former/ the latter... 就我个人而言，我完全同意前者/后者的观点。
From my point of view，it would be better if...
在我看来，如果......也许更好。
In my opinion/view，... 依我所见
It’s my opinion that... 我的看法是……
All in all, ... are much greater. I hope...
总之，（优点或缺点）大得多。我希望......
As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former _____________________________________________________________.
就我而言，我完全赞同前者的观点，即中学校园应禁止手机。
opinion that mobile phones should be banned from middle school campuses
导入主题
Whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations
阐述正方观点
1.获得新知识；
2.从太空取得新资源；
3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。
你的观点
agree or disagree
Reason
Structure
阐述反方观点
1.耗资巨大；
2.宇航员的
安全问题。
Outer Space Explorations，YES or NO
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Checklist to give feedback on your writing Excellent Good Weak
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer's opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors
Outer Space Explorations，YES or NO
We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. Different students have different attitudes towards it.
Some of us think it’s important to research the outer space. First of all，people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration. Secondly, new resources can be found there for human being. Thirdly, this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near
future. However, others are strongly against it.They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space.
In my opinion, people should be pioneering, and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.
佳作欣赏
实操演练
手机已经成为我们生活中的必需品，现在越来越多的中学生拥有了自己的手机。中学生手机允不允许进入校园，不同人有不同看法。请就中学生应不应该带手机进校园谈谈你的看法。
支持方: 给我们提供了很多方便，同学们可以更好地了解世界，方便与父母、朋友的联系，学习上有不懂的也可以百度。
反对方: 容易成为手机控，影响视力。有部分同学沉迷于网络游戏，严重影响睡眠和学习。
注意:1.词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Should mobile phones be allowed at school
Nowadays, mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among middle school students. But people have different opinions about whether mobile phones should be allowed at school or not.
Everything has two sides and mobile phone is not an exception, which has both advantages and disadvantages. Some students hold the opinion that they should take their mobile phones to school, which bring them convenience. First, they can learn about the world and the latest information in time. Second, it's convenient for them to communicate with their parents and friends. Moreover, they can surf the Internet anytime anywhere to get the message they want to know. However, others are against using phones at school, as they think students get addicted to phones easily, especially playing on-line games. Spending too much time on phones has a bad effect on their study, which may also influences their eyesight.
In my opinion, middle school students have a weak self-control, mobile phones do more harm than good, so it shouldn't be allowed at school.
Homework
当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。请你以“Shall we watch films or read original works ” 为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：
1. 看电影：省时间、易懂；
2. 读原著：细节更多、语言优美；
3. 你的看法及理由。
注意： 写作词数应为80词左右。
People hold different opinions on whether we shall watch films or read original works.
Some think that it is better to see the film because it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually much easier to follow the plot.Others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original works. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful.
Personally, I agree with the second view. I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a place of my own. What's more, I am able to have a better
understanding of the author's ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
Assignments
选择下列话题之一，写一篇议论文。
1. 传统节日是否该燃放鞭炮？
2. 学生在校期间是否可以使用手机？
3. 学生在校期间是否该穿校服？
4. 是否该给科学家加工资？
Thank you

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