英语地点表达与介词 素材

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英语地点表达与介词 素材

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各种英语地点表达法
一、基础地点介词
1. 表示"在...内"的介词
- in: 用于较大的封闭空间或区域
She is in the classroom.(她在教室里)
They live in New York.(他们住在纽约)
- inside: 强调"在...内部",与outside相对
The keys are inside the drawer.(钥匙在抽屉里面)
2. 表示"在...上"的介词
- on: 表示接触表面
The book is on the table.(书在桌子上)
There's a picture on the wall.(墙上有幅画)
- upon: 较正式,多用于固定搭配
Once upon a time...(从前...)
3. 表示"在...下"的介词
- under: 正下方
The cat is under the chair.(猫在椅子下面)
- below: 低于某水平面但不一定是正下方
The temperature is below zero.(温度在零度以下)
- beneath: 较正式,可表示抽象意义
He felt it was beneath his dignity.(他觉得这有失尊严)
4. 表示"在...旁边"的介词
- by/beside: 紧邻
She sat by/beside the window.(她坐在窗边)
- next to: 相邻
The bank is next to the post office.(银行在邮局旁边)
- near/close to: 附近
Our house is near the park.(我们家在公园附近)
二、方位表达
1. 基本方位词
- in front of: 在...前面(外部)
There's a tree in front of the house.(房子前面有棵树)
- behind: 在...后面
The garden is behind the building.(花园在建筑物后面)
- between: 在两者之间
The shop is between the bank and the cafe.(商店在银行和咖啡馆之间)
- among: 在三者或以上之间
She was standing among the crowd.(她站在人群中)
2. 复合方位表达
- on the left/right (of): 在...左/右侧
The library is on the left of the square.(图书馆在广场左侧)
- to the left/right (of): 朝...左/右方向
Turn to the right at the traffic lights.(在红绿灯处向右转)
- at the top/bottom (of): 在...顶部/底部
Write your name at the top of the page.(在页面顶部写上你的名字)
- in the middle/center (of): 在...中间/中心
There's a fountain in the center of the park.(公园中央有个喷泉)
三、城市与地理位置的表达
1. 城市内部位置
- downtown: 市中心
I work downtown.(我在市中心工作)
- uptown: 住宅区(美式英语)
They live uptown.(他们住在住宅区)
- suburb/outskirts: 郊区
Our new house is in the suburbs.(我们的新房子在郊区)
2. 地理特征位置
- by the sea/river: 海边/河边
The hotel is by the sea.(酒店在海边)
- on the coast: 在海岸线上
Brighton is on the south coast of England.(布莱顿位于英格兰南海岸)
- in the mountains: 在山区
They have a cabin in the mountains.(他们在山区有个小木屋)
- at the foot of: 在...脚下
The village lies at the foot of the hill.(村庄坐落在山脚下)
四、建筑物内部位置
1. 房间内部
- in the corner (of): 在角落(内部)
There's a chair in the corner of the room.(房间角落有把椅子)
- at the corner (of): 在拐角处(外部)
The shop is at the corner of the street.(商店在街角)
- against the wall: 靠墙
The sofa is against the wall.(沙发靠墙放着)
2. 楼层表达
- on the first/second floor: 在一/二楼
The meeting room is on the second floor.(会议室在二楼)
- upstairs/downstairs: 楼上/楼下
The bathroom is upstairs.(浴室在楼上)
五、交通相关地点表达
1. 交通工具位置
- on the bus/train/plane: 在公交车/火车/飞机上
I met her on the train.(我在火车上遇见了她)
- in the car/taxi: 在汽车/出租车里
Don't eat in the car.(不要在车里吃东西)
2. 交通枢纽
- at the station/airport: 在车站/机场
I'll meet you at the station.(我会在车站接你)
- on the platform: 在站台上
The train is waiting on platform 3.(火车停在三号站台)
六、特殊地点表达
1. 事件发生地点
- at the meeting/party/conference: 在会议/派对/会议上
I saw him at the party last night.(我昨晚在派对上见到了他)
- in the newspaper/magazine: 在报纸/杂志上
I read about it in the newspaper.(我在报纸上看到了这件事)
2. 抽象地点
- at work/school: 在工作/上学
She's at work now.(她现在在工作)
- in hospital/prison: 住院/坐牢(英式英语)
He's in hospital with pneumonia.(他因肺炎住院)
七、动态位置表达
1. 移动方向
- to: 向...方向移动
We're going to London tomorrow.(我们明天要去伦敦)
- into: 进入...内部
She walked into the room.(她走进了房间)
- out of: 从...出来
He ran out of the building.(他从大楼里跑出来)
2. 穿越移动
- through: 穿过
We walked through the forest.(我们穿过了森林)
- across: 横穿
They swam across the river.(他们游过了河)
- over: 越过
The plane flew over the mountains.(飞机飞越了山脉)
八、地理关系表达
1. 相对位置
- opposite: 对面
The bank is opposite the post office.(银行在邮局对面)
- facing: 面向
Our house faces the park.(我们的房子面向公园)
2. 距离表达
- far from: 远离
The village is far from the city.(村庄远离城市)
- within walking distance: 步行可达
The supermarket is within walking distance.(超市步行就能到)
九、复合地点表达
1. 多层位置描述
- on the left side of the building near the entrance: 在建筑物入口附近的左侧
- in the southeastern part of the city close to the river: 在城市靠近河流的东南部
2. 精确坐标表达
- at the intersection of...and...: 在...和...的交叉口
The accident happened at the intersection of 5th Avenue and Main Street.(事故发生在第五大道和主街的交叉口)
- located at latitude...longitude...: 位于纬度...经度...
The island is located at latitude 40°N, longitude 74°W.(该岛位于北纬40度,西经74度)
十、注意事项
1. in与at的区别:
- in强调"在...内部"
- at强调"在...地点"
She is in the library.(她在图书馆里面)
She is at the library.(她在图书馆这个地方,可能在里面也可能在外面)
2. on与in交通工具的区别:
- 大型交通工具用on(on the bus/train/plane)
- 小型交通工具用in(in the car/taxi)

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