资源简介

● 单元语法精讲 ●
动词不定式和动名词作宾语
1. 动词不定式作宾语
意义与功能：当我们表达“想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”等未来的愿望、
计划或决定时，常使用动词不定式（to + 动词原形）作宾语。动词不定式无人称和数的变
化，在句中不能单独作谓语，但可以充当宾语、状语等多种成分。
常用结构：属于及物动词的谓语动词后接动词不定式，构成“动词 + to do sth.”结
构，表明主语想要、计划或希望执行的动作。
例句：
I wanted to see the Beijing opera, so Li Ling offered to take me there. 我想看京剧，
所以李玲就提出带我去看。
We only planned to watch for an hour. 我们原先只打算看一个小时。
She hopes to understand more next time. 她希望下次能懂得多一些。
2. 动名词作宾语
意义与功能：在英语中，有一部分动词后面不能接不定式，而必须接动名词（动词
-ing 形式）作宾语。这类动词通常表示习惯、爱好、已完成的经历或避免、提及等抽象行为。
常用结构：构成“动词 + doing sth.”结构。
例句：
She enjoys learning about different cultures and traditions from around the world.
她喜欢了解世界各地不同的文化和传统。
He practises playing the guitar for two hours every day. 他每天练习弹两小时吉他。
Would you mind opening the window 你介意打开窗户吗？
3. 用法辨析与总结
基本区别：一般而言，不定式作宾语多表示未来的、具体的或一次性的行为；而动
名词作宾语多表示习惯性的、经常性的或抽象的行为。
常用动词归纳：
后接不定式作宾语的常见动词：plan, decide, want, hope, offer, learn, choose,
promise, refuse 等。
后接动名词作宾语的常见动词：enjoy, practise, finish, avoid, keep, mind, suggest,
consider, imagine 等。
特殊动词：有些动词（如 begin, start, like, love, hate）后接不定式或动名词意义差别
不大。但另一些动词后接两者则意义有明显区别，需特别注意：
remember/forget/regret to do sth.：记得/忘记/遗憾要去做某事（事情未做）。
remember/forget/regret doing sth.：记得/忘记/后悔做过某事（事情已做）。
try to do sth.：努力、试图做某事。
try doing sth.：尝试做某事（作为一种方法）。
stop to do sth.：停下来去做另一件事。
stop doing sth.：停止正在做的事情。
对比例句：
I remember seeing her at the party. 我记得在派对上见过她。（见过，动作已发生）
Please remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时请记得锁门。（锁门，
动作未发生）
He stopped to talk to his friend. 他停下来和朋友说话。（停下原来做的事，去说
话）
He stopped talking when the teacher came in. 老师进来时，他停止了说话。（停
止“说话”这个动作）
●动词不定式与动名词作宾语 语法精练●
习题一：单项选择
( ) 1. My brother wants ______ a doctor when he grows up.
A. become B. to become C. becoming
( ) 2. She enjoys ______ to light music before going to bed.
A. listen B. to listen C. listening
( ) 3. We decided ______ our holiday in Hainan.
A. spend B. to spend C. spending
( ) 4. Would you mind ______ me your dictionary
A. lend B. to lend C. lending
( ) 5. He promised ______ late again.
A. not to be B. to not be C. not being
( ) 6. I finished ______ my homework at 9 pm.
A. do B. to do C. doing
( ) 7. They hope ______ the project by next Friday.
A. complete B. to complete C. completing
( ) 8. The students practice ______ English every morning.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking
( ) 9. Don't forget ______ the lights when you leave.
A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off
( ) 10. She avoided ______ him about the accident.
A. tell B. to tell C. telling
习题二：用动词的适当形式填空
1. I need ______ (buy) some new clothes for the winter.
2. He keeps ______ (ask) me the same question.
3. We plan ______ (visit) the Great Wall next month.
4. She suggested ______ (go) for a walk in the park.
5. They agreed ______ (help) us with the work.
6. Do you enjoy ______ (swim) in the sea
7. He offered ______ (drive) me to the airport.
8. I can't imagine ______ (live) in another country.
9. She hopes ______ (pass) the exam with good grades.
10. We considered ______ (move) to a bigger house.
习题三：改错题
1. She avoided to meet him at the party.
2. I enjoy to read novels in my free time.
3. They decided selling their old car.
4. Would you mind to close the window
5. He promised helping me with my homework.
6. We finished to clean the room at 5 o'clock.
7. She hopes becoming a famous singer.
8. They practice to play the piano every day.
9. I need speaking to you about something important.
10. He offered carrying my heavy suitcase.
习题四：句型转换
1. "I will help you with your English," he said to me.
→ He offered ______ me with my English.
2. "Let's go to the cinema," she said.
→ She suggested ______ to the cinema.
3. "I won't tell anyone your secret," he said.
→ He promised ______ anyone my secret.
4. "You should take a rest," the doctor said.
→ The doctor advised me ______ a rest.
5. "I'm sorry I broke your vase," she said.
→ She admitted ______ my vase.
6. "I'll never do it again," the child said.
→ The child promised ______ it again.
7. "Why don't we have a picnic " Tom said.
→ Tom suggested ______ a picnic.
8. "Can you lend me some money " she asked.
→ She asked ______ her some money.
9. "I really hate getting up early," he said.
→ He can't stand ______ up early.
10. "I'll take care of everything," she said.
→ She agreed ______ care of everything.
习题五：翻译句子
1. 我决定每天练习说英语。
2. 她希望明年去国外学习。
3. 你介意帮我拿这个重箱子吗？
4. 他们计划下个月结婚。
5. 我完成了写报告的工作。
6. 他答应不再迟到。
7. 我们建议早点出发。
8. 她避免回答那个难题。
9. 我想要学习如何烹饪。
10. 孩子们喜欢在公园里玩耍。
习题六、阅读下面句子，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. — Sam, don’t forget __________ (return) the book to the library tomorrow.
— OK, I won’t.
2. Fred hopes __________ (improve) his spoken English, so he practices it every day.
3. After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important __________
(build) a peaceful world.
4. I don’t know what __________ (do) with the problem.
5. Tom enjoys __________ (watch) a basketball match on Saturday afternoon.
6. Lisa plans not __________ (draw) a new picture next week.
7. — Would you mind __________ (open) the window It’s very hot.
— No, not at all.
8. My sister feels like __________ (listen) to the radio when she is free.
9. I have much fun __________ (chat) with you this evening; thanks for __________ (invite) me.
10. He looked forward to __________ (join) the army.
11. The singer often practiced __________ (sing) songs near the woods three years ago.
12. — Tom, why do you decide __________ (take) Chinese folk music as a course
— Because I like Chinese culture very much.
13. — I didn’t hear you come in just now.
— That’s good. We tried not __________ (make) any noise, for you were sleeping.
14. The doctors and nurses managed __________ (save) the lives of patients, though they didn’t have enough medicine.
15. — My family will go on a trip to Beijing this summer, but we haven’ t decided how __________ (get) there.
— Why not take the high-speed railway
16. Jim wants to join the sports club because he likes __________ (run).
参考答案
习题一：
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A
6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C
习题二：
1. to buy
2. asking
3. to visit
4. going
5. to help
6. swimming
7. to drive
8. living
9. to pass
10. moving
习题三：
1. to meet → meeting
2. to read → reading
3. selling → to sell
4. to close → closing
5. helping → to help
6. to clean → cleaning
7. becoming → to become
8. to play → playing
9. speaking → to speak
10. carrying → to carry
习题四：
1. to help
2. going
3. not to tell
4. to take
5. breaking
6. never to do
7. having
8. to lend
9. getting
10. to take
习题五：
1. I decided to practice speaking English every day.
2. She hopes to study abroad next year.
3. Would you mind helping me with this heavy box
4. They plan to get married next month.
5. I finished writing the report.
6. He promised not to be late again.
7. We suggested starting early.
8. She avoided answering that difficult question.
9. I want to learn how to cook.
10. Children enjoy playing in the park.
习题六：
1. to return
2. to improve
3. to build
4. to do
5. watching
6. to draw
7. opening
8. listening
9. chatting, inviting
10. joining
11. singing
12. to take
13. to make
14. to save
15. to get
16. running

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