Unit1-Unit8单词用法讲解译林版(2024)七年级英语上册

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Unit1-Unit8单词用法讲解译林版(2024)七年级英语上册

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Unit 1
greet /ɡri t/ vt. 和(某人)打招呼(或问好)
核心考点:greet sb with sth(用...方式问候);be greeted by(被...迎接)。
例句:She greeted me with a big smile.(她笑着和我打招呼。)
We were greeted by our teacher at the school gate.(我们一到校门口就受到老师的迎接。)
introduce / ntr dju s/ vt. 介绍
核心考点:introduce sb to sb(把某人介绍给另一人);introduce oneself(自我介绍)。
例句:Let me introduce my best friend to you.(我来把我的好朋友介绍给你。)
He introduced himself as Li Hua.(他自我介绍说自己叫李华。)
each other / i t (r)/ pron. 互相
核心考点:each other用于两者之间的相互动作(如help/help each other);one another用于三者或以上。
例句:Lily and Lucy are good friends—they always help each other with homework.(莉莉和露西是好朋友,她们总是互相帮对方写作业。)
All students in our class help one another—if someone is absent, we share notes with one another.(我们班所有同学都互相帮助,谁没来上课,大家就互相分享笔记。)
go by /ɡo ba / ①叫作,被称为;②(时间)流逝
核心考点:① 表“被称为”时,主语是人或事物,后接名称;
② 表“时间流逝”时,主语多为time。
例句:The boy goes by the nickname “Xiao Ming”.(这个男孩小名叫“小明”。)
As time goes by, I forget more details.(随着时间流逝,我忘记了更多细节。)
glad /ɡl d/ adj. 高兴的
核心考点:be glad to do sth(很高兴做某事);be glad + that从句(因...而高兴)。语气:比happy更口语化,多用于日常场景。
例句:I’m glad to see you again.(再次见到你真高兴。)
She was glad that her team won the game.(她因队伍赢了比赛而高兴。)
same /se m/ adj. 同一的,相同的
核心考点:前必须加定冠词the,常用结构:the same as(和...一样)。
例句:My pen is the same as yours.(我的钢笔和你的一样。)
The way he solves the problem is the same as what our teacher taught us.(他解决问题的方法和老师教我们的(方法)一样。)
the same...as:“和…… 一样的……”the same 后必须接名词”,名词多为 “表属性的词”(如 size, color, type, price)或 “具体事物”(如 shirt, school, bag)。
I want to buy a shirt of the same size as this one.(我想买一件和这件尺寸一样的衬衫。)
She goes to the same school as my brother.(她和我哥哥上同一所学校。)
hobby / hɑ bi/ n. 业余爱好(复数:hobbies)
核心考点:have a hobby(有一个爱好);develop a hobby(培养爱好)。
区别:hobby指具体的休闲活动(如画画、集邮);interest更广泛(兴趣)。
例句:My hobby is collecting stamps.(我的爱好是集邮。)
Different people have different hobbies.(不同的人有不同的爱好。)
grade /ɡre d/ n. 年级;等级
核心考点:作为“年级”时,美式英语常用(英式用year),如Grade 7(七年级);
作为“等级”时,指分数或质量,如get a good grade(取得好成绩)。
例句:I’m in Grade 9 this year.(我今年上九年级。)
She got an A grade in math.(她数学得了A。)
friendly / frendli/ adj. 友好的
核心考点:be friendly to sb(对某人友好)表达“主动对某人友好”(态度);
be friendly with sb(和某人关系好)表达“和某人相处得好”(关系)。
例句:Teachers should be friendly to students.(老师应该对学生友好。)
Are you friendly with the neighbors (你和邻居处得好吗?)
full /f l/ adj. 满的;大量的
核心考点:be full of(充满...);a full day(充实的一天);full speed(全速)。
反义词:empty(空的)。
例句:The box is full of books.(盒子里装满了书。)
I had a full schedule yesterday.(我昨天日程排得满满的。)
be good at doing sth 擅长(做某事)
核心考点:后接名词、代词或动名词(doing),否定形式:be not good at。
近义短语:do well in(在...方面做得好)。
例句:She is good at playing the piano.(她擅长弹钢琴。)
I’m not good at math, but I like it.(我数学不好,但喜欢它。)
polite /p la t/ adj. 有礼貌的
核心考点:be polite to sb(对某人有礼貌);be polite to do sth(礼貌地做某事)。
例句:We should be polite to the elderly.(我们应该对长辈有礼貌。)
You should be polite to ask for help.(你需要礼貌地请求帮助。)
ready / redi/ adj. 愿意做某事;准备好的
核心考点:be ready to do sth(准备好做某事)强调主动意愿或状态就绪,可用于肯定、否定或疑问句;be ready for sth(为...做好准备)。
例句:He is always ready to help others.(他总是乐于助人。)
Are you ready to leave (你准备好出发了吗?)
The students are ready for the exam.(学生们已做好考试准备。)
interested / ntr st d/ adj. 感兴趣的
核心考点:be interested in (doing) sth(对...感兴趣)。
区别:interesting(令人感兴趣的)修饰物;interested修饰人。
例句:I’m interested in drawing.(我对画画感兴趣。)
The story is interesting, so we are all interested in it.(这个故事很有趣,所以我们都对它感兴趣。)
looks /l ks/ n.[pl.] 相貌,容貌
核心考点:good looks(好看的长相);lose one’s looks(容貌变老)。
注意:look作动词时意为“看”(look at),作名词时表“表情”(a happy look)。
例句:She has beautiful looks and a kind heart.(她容貌美丽,心地善良。)
His looks changed a lot after high school.(高中毕业后他的容貌变化很大。)
both /bo θ/ pron.&det. 两个都
核心考点:both...and...(两者都),连接主语时谓语用复数;
结构:both of + 名词复数/代词宾格(Both of us are students.)。
例句:Both Tom and Mary like music.(汤姆和玛丽都喜欢音乐。)
Both of the books are interesting.(这两本书都很有趣。)
enjoy / n d / vt. 享受...的乐趣,欣赏,喜爱
核心考点:enjoy doing sth(喜欢做某事,不能接不定式);enjoy oneself(玩得开心=have a good time)。
例句:She enjoys reading novels.(她喜欢读小说。)
We enjoyed ourselves at the party last night.(昨晚的派对我们玩得很开心。)
shy / a / adj. 腼腆的
核心考点:be shy of doing sth因羞怯而“不愿做某事”;shy away from(主动)回避某事物。
例句:She’s shy of speaking in public.(她在公共场合羞于发言。)
He shies away from public speaking because he’s nervous.(他因紧张而回避公开演讲。)
only / o nli/ adv. 只有,仅
核心考点:强调唯一性,可修饰名词、动词或整个句子;
倒装结构:Only + 状语(副词/介词短语/从句)+ 助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语(如Only in this way can we win.“只有这样我们才能赢。”)。
例句:He is only five years old.(他只有五岁。)
Only when you try hard can you succeed.(只有努力尝试,你才能成功。)
stay /ste / ①(连系动词)保持;②(不及物动词)停留;③(名词)逗留
核心考点:作连系动词时,后接形容词(stay healthy“保持健康”);
作动词时,后接地点(stay at home“待在家”);
作名词时,表短暂停留(a short stay“短暂逗留”)。
例句:You should stay calm in danger.(遇到危险时要保持冷静。)
We stayed in a hotel near the beach.(我们住在海滩附近的一家酒店。)
problem / prɑ bl m/ n. 数学题;难题,困难
核心考点:常用搭配:solve a problem(解决问题);math problem(数学题)。
区别:question(需要回答的问题);problem(需要解决的困难)。
have a problem with(在...上有困难)
The cat has a problem with eating the new food—it refuses to touch it.(这只猫不适应新猫粮,碰都不碰。)
have a problem with(对某人/某事的不满)
The teacher has a problem with students using phones in class.(老师对学生上课用手机很不满。)
weekend / wi kend/ n. 周末
核心考点:at the weekend(英式)/ on the weekend(美式)(在周末);weekend activities(周末活动)。
例句:We usually go hiking at the weekend.(我们通常周末去徒步。)
fun /f n/ ① adj. 有趣的;② n. 开心,乐趣
核心考点:不可数名词:have fun(玩得开心);What fun!(真有趣!);
例句:We had a lot of fun at the party.(我们在派对上玩得很开心。)
It’s fun to play games with friends.(和朋友一起玩游戏很有趣。)
make friends with与...交朋友
核心考点:friends用复数(交朋友是相互的);
类似表达:be friends with(和...是朋友)。
例句:I want to make friends with students from other countries.(我想和其他国家的学生交朋友。)
Unit 2
paint /pe nt/ vi.&vt. 用颜料画;vt. 刷油漆;n. 绘画颜料;油漆
核心考点:动词搭配paint a picture(画一幅画);paint the wall(刷墙);
名词搭配:a box of paint(一盒油漆);watercolor paint(水彩颜料)。
易混词:draw(用铅笔/钢笔“画”);paint(用颜料“涂/画”)。
例句:The artist painted a beautiful landscape.(这位画家画了一幅美丽的风景画。)
We need to paint the old fence next week.(我们下周需要给旧篱笆刷油漆。)
fit /f t/ adj. 健康的;合适的
核心考点:形容词搭配:keep fit(保持健康);fit and healthy(健康强壮);
动词用法:The key fits the lock.(这把钥匙适合这把锁)。
例句:Playing basketball helps me stay fit.(打篮球让我保持健康。)
around / ra nd/ prep. 围绕;到处;adv. 大约
核心考点:介词搭配:walk around(四处走走);around the world(世界各地);
副词用法:It costs around 100 yuan.(大约100元)。
例句:There are many trees around the lake.(湖边有很多树。)
change /t e nd / vt. 使不同;vi.&n. 改变
核心考点:动词搭配:change clothes(换衣服);change one’s mind(改变主意);
名词搭配:climate change(气候变化);great changes(巨大变化)。
词性转换:changer(改变者);unchanged(未改变的)。
例句:She changed her hairstyle last week.(她上周换了发型。)
take apart 拆卸;拆开
核心考点:动词短语,宾语多为机器、玩具等;
反义短语:put together(组装)。
例句:The boy took apart the old clock to see how it worked.(男孩拆开了旧钟表看它如何运转。)
fix /f ks/ vt. 修理;安装
核心考点:fix a bike(修自行车);fix a date(定日期);
近义:repair(更正式,多指复杂修理)。
例句:My father is good at fixing cars.(我爸爸擅长修汽车。)
endless / endl s/ adj. 无穷无尽的
核心考点:搭配:endless tasks(无尽的任务);endless possibilities(无限可能)。
例句:The ocean has endless secrets.(海洋有无尽的秘密。)
dream /dri m/ n. 梦想;梦;vi. 做梦
核心考点:follow one’s dream(追随梦想);sweet dreams(祝你好梦);
词性转换:dreamer(梦想家);dreamy(梦幻的)。
例句:My dream is to become a pilot.(我的梦想是成为一名飞行员。)
come true实现
核心考点:不及物短语,无被动语态;主语多为“梦想/愿望”(dreams come true)。
例句:With hard work, his dream came true at last.(通过努力,他的梦想终于实现了。)
each /i t / det./pron./adv. 每个
核心考点:作代词:Each of us has a book.(我们每人有一本书);
作形容词:Each student needs a pen.(每个学生需要一支笔);
主谓一致:谓语用单数(Each is here.“每个人都到了”)。
例句:Each room in the hotel has a TV.(酒店每个房间都有电视。)
once /w ns/ adv. 一次;曾经
核心考点:搭配:once a week(一周一次);once upon a time(从前);
连词:Once you start, don’t stop.(一旦开始,不要停下)。
例句:I exercise twice a week, but I want to do it once a day.(我每周锻炼两次,但我想每天一次。)
join /d n/ vt.&vi. 加入;与…一道
核心考点:加入组织/团体:join the army(参军);join a club(加入社团);
与…一起:Join us in singing!(和我们一起唱歌吧!);
近义:join in(参加活动);take part in(参与)。
例句:Would you like to join us for dinner (你愿意和我们一起吃晚餐吗?)
meeting / mi t / n. 会议;集合
核心考点:搭配:hold a meeting(开会);team meeting(团队会议);class meeting(班会)。
例句:There will be a parents’ meeting next Friday.(下周五将有一场家长会。)
plan /pl n/ vt./vi./n. 计划
核心考点:动词搭配:plan to do(计划做);plan for(为…计划);
名词搭配:make a plan(制定计划);travel plan(旅行计划)。
例句:We are planning to visit the Great Wall next month.(我们计划下个月去参观长城。)
questionnaire / kwest ne (r)/ n. 调查表
核心考点:survey questionnaire(调查问卷);feedback questionnaire(反馈表)。
例句:The teacher handed out a questionnaire about our learning habits.(老师发了张关于我们学习习惯的问卷。)
role /r l/ n. 角色;作用
核心考点:lead role(主角);social role(社会角色)。
play a role in“在…中起作用”或“在…中扮演角色”
例句:Teachers play an important role in students’ growth.(教师在学生成长中起重要作用。)
role model n. 榜样
核心考点:常用表达:Parents are our first role models.(父母是我们的第一任榜样。)
design /d za n/ vt./n. 设计
核心考点:动词搭配:design a dress(设计裙子);design a logo(设计标志);
名词搭配:fashion design(服装设计);product design(产品设计)。
例句:The designer created a beautiful dress for the show.(设计师为这场秀设计了一条漂亮的裙子。)
become v. 成为
核心考点:连系动词,后接名词、形容词(become a teacher“成为老师”;become angry“生气”);
过去式:became;过去分词:become。
例句:He became a doctor after graduating from college.(他大学毕业后成了一名医生。)
would like /w d la k/ 想要
核心考点:委婉表达意愿,后接名词或不定式(would like a cup of tea“想要一杯茶”;would like to go“想去”);
否定:would not like(wouldn’t like)。
例句:I would like to join the music club.(我想加入音乐社。)
future / fju t (r)/ n. 未来
核心考点:in the future(在未来);future plan(未来计划);future life(未来生活)。
例句:I want to be a scientist in the future.(我未来想成为一名科学家。)
hope /h p/ vt./vi./n. 希望
核心考点:动词搭配:hope to do(希望做);hope that从句(希望…);
名词搭配:full of hope(充满希望);lose hope(失去希望);
否定:don’t hope(少用),常用I hope not(希望不…)。
例句:We hope that our team will win the game.(我们希望我们队能赢比赛。)
Unit 3
part /pɑ t/ n. 部分
核心考点:part of(…的部分);play a part in(在…中起作用);
近义:section(更具体的“部分”)。
例句:Reading is an important part of learning English.(阅读是学英语的重要部分。)
as well 也
核心考点:用于句末,相当于too,但更口语化;
例句:She can sing, and she can dance as well.(她会唱歌,也会跳舞。)
as well as表“除…之外(还)”
She enjoys reading as well as painting.(她喜欢读书,也喜欢画画。)
as well as表“和…一样(好/有效)”
She sings as well as dances.(她唱歌和跳舞都很好。)
spend /spend/ vt. 度过;花(时间/钱)
核心考点:花时间:spend time (in) doing sth(花时间做某事)
spend time on sth(花时间在某事上);
花钱:spend money on sth(花钱买某物);
例句:I spent two hours (in) finishing my homework last night.(昨晚我花了两小时完成作业。)
chat /t t/ vi.&n. 闲聊
核心考点:chat with sb(和某人聊天);chat about sth(聊某事);
名词:have a chat(聊聊天)。
例句:We often chat about our favorite books after class.(课后我们经常聊最喜欢的书。)
take place 进行,发生
核心考点:take place 指“有计划、有安排的发生”(如活动、比赛);
区别:happen(偶然发生,无计划)。
例句:The school art festival will take place next month.(学校艺术节将于下个月举行。)
noticeboard / n t sb d/ n. 布告板,告示牌
核心考点:学校、社区张贴通知的场所;
搭配:on the noticeboard(在布告板上)。
例句:There’s a notice about the sports meet on the noticeboard.(布告板上有一则运动会的通知。)
news /nju z/ n. 新闻;消息(不可数)
核心考点:不可数名词,需用“a piece of news”(一条新闻);
搭配:good news(好消息);latest news(最新消息)。
例句:Have you heard the news about the school trip (你听说学校郊游的消息了吗?)
more /m (r)/ det.&pron. 更多的;adv. 更
核心考点:比较级形式(原级much/many,最高级most);
搭配:more and more(越来越…);more than(超过)。
例句:I need more time to finish this project.(我需要更多时间完成这个项目。)
teach /ti t / vt.&vi. 教(课程)
核心考点:teach sb sth(教某人某事);teach sb to do sth(教某人做某事);
名词:teacher(教师)。
例句:Mr. Li teaches us math. He is very patient.(李老师教我们数学,他很有耐心。)
team /ti m/ n. 队;组
核心考点:on the team(在队里);team spirit(团队精神);school team(校队)。
例句:Our school team won the basketball match yesterday.(我们校队昨天赢了篮球比赛。)
form teacher n. 班主任
核心考点:固定搭配,指“负责一个班级的教师”;
例句:Our form teacher always encourages us to study hard.(我们的班主任总是鼓励我们努力学习。)
show / / n. 演出;展览;v. 展示
核心考点:作名词:music show(音乐演出);art show(艺术展);
作动词:show sb sth(给某人看某物);show off(炫耀)。
例句:She showed me her new dress.(她给我看了她的新裙子。)
He always shows off his new car to his friends.(他总爱向朋友炫耀他的新车。)
different / d fr nt/ adj. 不同的
核心考点:be different from(与…不同);different kinds of(不同种类的);
名词:difference(差异)。
例句:This book is different from that one.(这本书和那本不同。)
fact /f kt/ n. 事实
核心考点:in fact(事实上);as a matter of fact(实际上);
搭配:tell the facts(说实话)。
例句:In fact, he didn’t study hard for the exam.(事实上,他没为考试努力学习。)
borrow / b r / vt. 借(入)
核心考点:borrow sth from sb(向某人借某物);反义:lend sth to sb(借出某物给某人)。
例句:I borrowed a dictionary from the library yesterday.(我昨天从图书馆借了一本词典。)
else /els/ adv. 其他的,别的
核心考点:用于疑问词(what/where/who等)或不定代词(something/anyone等)后;
例:what else(其他什么);someone else(其他人)。
例句:Is there anything else I can help you with (还有什么我可以帮你的吗?)
care /ke (r)/ vi. 关心;n. 照顾
核心考点:名词搭配:take care of(照顾);health care(医疗)。
动词搭配:care about(关心;在意);
例句:My parents always care about my health.(父母总是关心我的健康。)
He cares about his exam results very much—he checks his grades as soon as they come out.(他很在意考试成绩,成绩一出来就去查)
care for(照顾,喜欢);
My sister helps care for our little brother after school—she helps him do homework and bathe him.(姐姐放学后帮忙照顾弟弟,帮他写作业、洗澡)
She doesn’t care for watching TV—she prefers reading books in her free time.(她不喜欢看电视,空闲时更喜欢看书 —— 否定句表 “不喜欢”,语气柔和)
together adv. 在一起
核心考点:搭配:work together(合作);play together(一起玩);stay together(待在一起)。
例句:We worked together to finish the project.(我们一起合作完成了这个项目。)
Unit 4
get up 起床
用法:动词短语,指“起床”,可用于各种时态。
搭配:get up late/early(起晚/早);get up from bed(从床上起来)。
例句:On school days, I usually get up at 6:30. (上学时,我通常6点半起床。)
start /stɑ t/ v. 开始;n. 开头
用法:及物动词:start sth.(开始做某事);不及物动词:sth. start(某事开始);
名词:at the start(在开始时)。
注意:后接动名词(doing)或不定式(to do)均可,但表示“开始一项长期活动”时多用 doing(如 start learning)。
例句:The meeting starts at 9:00 a.m. (会议上午9点开始。)
She started learning English when she was 5. (她5岁开始学英语。)
practise v. 训练;练习(AmE: practice)
用法:英式英语中,动词用 practise,名词用 practice;美式英语中两者均用 practice。
搭配:practise doing sth.(练习做某事)。
例句:You need to practise speaking English every day. (你需要每天练习说英语。)
leave /li v/ v. 离开;使保留
用法:离开某地:leave + 地点(如 leave home);
前往某地:leave for + 地点(如 leave for Beijing);
使保留:leave sth. + 地点(如 leave the book on the desk)。
例句:He left the house early this morning. (他今早很早就离开了家。)
We are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. (我们明天动身去上海。)
peace /pi s/ n. 平静;和平
用法:不可数名词,指“没有战争的状态”或“内心的平静”。
固定搭配:in peace(和平地;安静地)。
例句:My grandma likes to sit in the garden in peace and read newspapers.(奶奶喜欢安静地坐在花园里看报纸。)
duty / dju ti/ n. 职责;责任
用法:不可数名词,指“应做的事”或“义务”。
常见搭配:take one’s duty(履行职责);on duty(值班)。
例句:The volunteers took their duty to guide visitors during the school open day.(志愿者们在学校开放日履行职责,引导来访家长。)
Who is on duty today Please make sure the windows are closed after class.(今天谁值日?课后请确保关好窗户。)
take part in 参加(活动)
用法:固定短语,指“参与某项活动”(区别于 join“加入组织”)。
例句:She took part in the singing competition last month. (她上个月参加了歌唱比赛。)
through /θru / prep. 穿过;通过
用法:through指“从内部穿过” (区别于 across“表面穿过”)。
例句:Please walk across the playground to the library—it’s faster than going around.(请穿过操场去图书馆,比绕路快。—— 操场是 “平面”,从表面横穿)
They walked through the small forest to get to the lake.(他们穿过小树林去湖边。—— 森林是 “立体空间”,从树木之间(内部)穿过)
The river flows through the city. (河流穿过城市。)
Unit 5
health /helθ/ n. 健康(不可数)
用法:不可数名词,常考搭配:keep healthy(保持健康);be in good health(身体健康)。
例句:Doing exercise regularly is important for our health. (定期锻炼对我们的健康很重要。)
important / m p tnt/ adj. 重要的
用法:形容词,常考句型:It’s important (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说做某事重要)。
例句:It’s important to drink enough water every day. (每天喝足够的水很重要。)
diet / da t/ n. 日常饮食(可数)
用法:指“日常饮食”或“节食”(go on a diet 节食)。
例句:A healthy diet should include more vegetables and less meat. (健康饮食应多吃蔬菜、少吃肉。)
tooth /tu θ/ n. 牙齿(pl. teeth)
用法:可数名词,复数teeth,常考短语:brush one’s teeth(刷牙);toothache(牙痛)。
例句:I brush my teeth twice a day to keep them clean. (我每天刷两次牙保持牙齿干净。)
homebody / h mb di/ n. 喜欢待在家里的人(可数)
用法:可数名词,描述“爱宅家的人”。
例句:My brother is a homebody. He prefers watching movies at home to going out. (我弟弟是个宅男,比起出门更喜欢在家看电影。)
have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食
用法:固定短语,主语是人,表示“喜欢吃甜的食物”。
例句:My little sister has a sweet tooth. She always asks for candy after dinner. (我妹妹爱吃甜食,晚饭后总要糖果。)
stay up 熬夜
用法:动词短语,后接时间(stay up late 熬夜到很晚)。
例句:Don’t stay up too late playing games. You’ll feel tired tomorrow. (别玩游戏熬夜太久,明天会没精神的。)
need /ni d/ vt. 需要 n. 需要
用法:实义动词:need to do sth.(需要做某事);
名词:in need(需要帮助的);a need for...(对...的需求)。
例句:We need to finish our homework before watching TV. (我们需要先写完作业再看 TV。)
When she was in need, her friends always supported her.(当她遇到困难时,朋友们总是支持她。)
A need for more public parks is becoming obvious in this crowded city.(在这座拥挤的城市里,对更多公园的需求日益明显。)
enough / n f/ det.&pron. 足够的 adv. 足够地
用法:enough 作形容词(“足够的”)修饰名词,位置 “可前可后”(前更常用)结构:enough + 名词(中高考主流表达,优先记)。
作副词:修饰形容词 / 副词,位置 “只在后,不在前”(中高考头号易错点!)
结构:形容词 / 副词 + enough
延伸考点:adj./adv. + enough + to do sth(“足够…… 去做某事”,中高考单选题、写作必背结构)
例句:There is enough food for everyone. Let’s start eating. (食物足够大家吃,我们开始吧。)
The room is big enough for three people to live in.(这个房间足够大,能住三个人。)
He runs fast enough to win the race.(他跑得足够快,能赢得比赛。)
否定式:not + adj./adv. + enough + to do sth(“不够…… 不能做某事”)
He is not tall enough to reach the book on the shelf.(他不够高,够不到书架上的书。)
less /les/ det.&pron. 较少的 adv. 少
用法:比较级,修饰不可数名词(时间、钱);表整体的复数名词(分钟、元);
注意:时间 / 金钱 / 距离的复数,用 less。
结构:less + 不可数名词(+ than...)。
例句:
There is less homework on weekends than on weekdays.(周末的作业比工作日少。—— homework 是不可数名词,高频考点!)
It takes less than 10 minutes to walk to school.(走路去学校不到 10 分钟。—— minutes 是复数,但表 “整体时间”,用 less)
He has less than 50 yuan in his pocket.(他口袋里不到 50 元钱。—— yuan 是复数,表 “整体金额”,用 less)
The river is less than 200 meters wide.(这条河不到 200 米宽。—— meters 是复数,表 “整体长度”,用 less)
注:fewer 是 “few” 的比较级,只能修饰 “可数名词复数”,比如 books、students、questions),常和 “than” 连用表示 “比…… 更少”。
结构:fewer + 可数名词复数(+ than...)
例:There are fewer students in this class than in ours.(这个班的学生比我们班少。)
cheese /t i z/ n. 奶酪(不可数)
用法:不可数名词,常考搭配:a piece of cheese(一片奶酪)。
例句:The pizza is covered with cheese. It smells great. (披萨上铺满了奶酪,闻起来真香。)
piece /pi s/ n. 块;片;篇(可数)
用法:可数名词,搭配:a piece of paper(一张纸);a piece of news(一条新闻)。
例句:Please give me two pieces of bread. (请给我两片面包。)
bowl /b l/ n. 碗;一碗的量(可数)
用法:可数名词,搭配:a bowl of rice(一碗米饭)。
例句:Can I have a bowl of tomato soup (我能要一碗西红柿汤吗?)
salt /s lt/ n. 盐(不可数)
用法:不可数名词,常考不可数用法(a pinch of salt 一撮盐)。
例句:The soup is too bland. Add a little salt, please. (汤太淡了,请加一点盐。)
packet / p k t/ n. 小袋;小包装(可数)
用法:可数名词,搭配:a packet of biscuits(一包饼干)。
例句:I bought a packet of milk powder in the supermarket. (我在超市买了一包奶粉。)
kilo / ki l / n. 千克(=kilogram,可数)
用法:可数名词,缩写kg,常考购物场景(two kilos of apples 两公斤苹果)。
例句:The apples are 5 yuan a kilo. Let’s buy three kilos. (苹果5元一公斤,我们买三公斤吧。)
carton / kɑ tn/ n. 硬纸盒;塑料盒(可数)
用法:可数名词,搭配:a carton of milk(一盒牛奶)。
例句:Please put the empty carton into the recycling bin. (请把空盒子放进回收箱。)
bottle / b tl/ n. 瓶;一瓶的量(可数)
用法:可数名词,搭配:a bottle of water(一瓶水)。
例句:She drank two bottles of juice at the party. (她在聚会上喝了两瓶果汁。)
maybe / me bi/ adv. 也许;大概
用法:副词,位于句首,表推测,语气比probably弱。
例句:Maybe it will rain tomorrow. Let’s take an umbrella. (也许明天会下雨,我们带把伞吧。)
almost / lm st/ adv. 几乎
用法:副词,常考搭配:almost all(几乎全部);almost never(几乎从不)。
例句:
Almost everyone in our class passed the exam. (我们班几乎所有人都通过了考试。)
chip /t p/ n. 炸薯条;炸薯片(可数/不可数)
用法:英式英语中可数(two chips 两根薯条);美式英语中不可数(a bag of chips 一袋薯片)。
例句:I like eating potato chips with my hamburger. (我喜欢汉堡配薯条。)
smartphone / smɑ tf n/ n. 智能手机(可数)
用法:可数名词,常考使用场景(use a smartphone 刷手机)。
例句:Most students use smartphones to study or communicate. (大多数学生用智能手机学习或交流。)
tablet / t bl t/ n. 平板电脑(可数)
用法:可数名词,常考:a tablet computer(平板电脑)。
例句:My dad bought me a new tablet for my birthday. (爸爸送了我一台新平板电脑作为生日礼物。)
score /sk (r)/ n. 分数;得分 v. 得分
用法:名词:get high scores(得高分);
动词:He scored 95 in the math test.(他数学考了95分)。
中高考考点:写作高频词,用于描述考试成绩。
例句:Our team scored three goals in the football match. (我们队在足球赛中进了三个球。)
point /p nt/ n. 得分;要点;观点(可数)
用法:作名词 “分数、观点、要点、时间 / 地点的点” .
(1)(考试 / 比赛的)“分数”(最贴近学生生活,必记!)
搭配:“get/score/gain + 数字 + points”(得…… 分)。
例:I got 95 points in the math exam.(我数学考试得了 95 分。—— 考试场景,高频!)
(2)(说话 / 文章的)“观点、看法”(阅读理解 / 写作必用!)
搭配: “make a point”(提出观点)、“in one’s point of view”(在某人看来)、“agree with one’s point”(同意某人的观点)。
She made a good point about saving water in class.(她在课堂上关于节约用水的观点很好。)
In my point of view, reading books is better than watching TV.(在我看来,看书比看电视好。—— 写作开头常用)
Do you agree with his point on homework (你同意他关于作业的看法吗?—— 口语对话场景)
(3)(内容的)“要点、重点”(记笔记 / 总结必用!)
搭配: “the main point”(重点)、“key points”(关键点)、“take notes of points”(记要点)。
I forgot to write down one important point in the notebook.(我忘了在笔记本上记下一个重要要点。)
(4)(时间 / 地点的)“点”(日常表达高频!)
搭配 “at the point of...”(在…… 点)、“a point on the map”(地图上的一个点)。
中考高频例句:
We will meet at the point near the school gate at 4 pm.(我们下午 4 点在学校门口附近的那个地点见面。—— 约定地点)
At the point of 10 o’clock, the class will start.(10 点整开始上课。—— 时间点,注意 “at the point of + 时间”)
(5)(物体的)“尖、尖端”(简单了解,偶尔考!)
例句:The point of the pencil is broken; I need to sharpen it.(铅笔尖断了,我得削一下。)
point 作动词时,主要考 “指向” 和 “指出”,搭配固定介词,别混淆!
(1)point to指用手、手指等 “指向某个方向 / 远处的事物”,强调方向,不接触目标)
She pointed to the mountain in the distance and said, “That’s where my grandma lives.”(她指向远处的山说:“那是我奶奶住的地方。”—— 指向远处)
(2)point at指 “指着眼前的、具体的人或物”,有时带 “提醒、警告” 的语气)
The teacher pointed at the blackboard and asked us to read the sentence.(老师指着黑板,让我们读这个句子。—— 指向眼前的黑板)
(3)point ou指 “指出错误、问题或重要信息”,搭配 “point out + 名词 /that 从句”。
Thank you for pointing out my mistake in the composition.(谢谢你指出我作文里的错误。—— 指出错误,写作修改场景)
My mom pointed out that I forgot to take my umbrella this morning.(妈妈提醒我,今天早上我忘了带伞。—— 提醒事情,that 从句)
这些搭配在单选、完形、写作里反复考,必须记牢:
make a point:提出观点(例:He made a point about protecting animals.)
the point is...:重点是……(例:The point is, you need to finish homework first.)
no point (in) doing sth:做某事没意义(例:There’s no point in arguing with him—he won’t listen.)
to the point:切中要点(例:Her answer is short and to the point. 她的回答简短且切中要点。)
miss the point:没抓住重点(例:You missed the point of the story—let me explain again.)
meal /mi l/ n. 一顿饭(可数)
用法:可数名词,搭配:three meals a day(一日三餐)。
例句:Family meals are important for communication. (家人一起吃饭对沟通很重要。)
porridge / p r d / n. 粥;麦片粥(不可数)
用法:不可数名词,搭配:a bowl of porridge(一碗粥)。
例句:Oat porridge is a healthy breakfast option. (燕麦粥是健康的早餐选择。)
whole /h l/ adj. 全部的;整个的 n. 全部
用法:形容词(the whole day 一整天);注意与all的区别(the whole class = all the class)。
例句:I read the whole book in one day. (我一口气读完了整本书。)
miss /m s/ vt. 错过;想念
用法:动词,搭配:miss the bus(错过公交);miss you(想念你)。
例句:I missed the beginning of the movie. It was already on for 10 minutes. (我错过了电影开头,已经放了10分钟了。)
rest /rest/ n. 休息;剩余部分 v. 休息
用法:名词:have a rest(休息);the rest of(剩下的);
动词:rest for a while(休息一会)。
例句:After work, I like to rest on the sofa and listen to music. (下班后,我喜欢躺在沙发上听音乐休息。)
pie /pa / n. 馅饼(可数)
用法:可数名词,搭配:a fruit pie(水果馅饼)。
例句:Apple pie is my favorite dessert. (苹果派是我最爱的甜点。)
yogurt / j ɡ t/ n. 酸奶(不可数)
用法:不可数名词,搭配:a cup of yogurt(一杯酸奶)。
例句:I drink yogurt every morning. It’s good for my digestion. (我每天早上喝酸奶,对消化好。)
Unit 6
style /sta l/ n. 样式;方式,作风
用法:可数名词,指“风格、样式”(如服装、行为)。
中高考考点:常考“in style(时髦地)”或“life style(生活方式)”。
例句:She always dresses in style—her clothes are never out of date.(她穿得总是很时髦,衣服从不落伍。)
A healthy life style helps us keep fit.(健康的生活方式能帮助我们保持健康。—— 中考写作 “健康主题” 开头句)
jeans /d i nz/ n. 牛仔裤(复数)
用法:永远用复数,指“牛仔裤”。
例句:I wear jeans and a T-shirt almost every day. (我几乎每天都穿牛仔裤和T恤。)
scarf /skɑ f/ n. 围巾(pl. scarves/scarfs)
用法:可数名词,复数两种形式均可(scarves更常见)。
例句:She wrapped a red scarf around her neck in winter. (冬天她围了一条红围巾。)
calm /kɑ m/ adj. 镇静的,沉着的
用法:形容词,描述人或环境的“平静”。
例句:Keep calm even if you’re nervous. (即使紧张也要保持冷静。)
用法:不及物动词(自己冷静),常见搭配 “try to calm down”“take a deep breath to calm down”,多用来描述 “紧张、焦虑、生气” 后的情绪调整。
When you feel nervous before an exam, take a deep breath to calm down.(考试前感到紧张时,深呼吸让自己冷静下来。)
及物动词(让别人冷静)—— 带宾语,结构 “calm sb down”
My teacher tried to calm me down before the speech.(演讲前,老师努力让我冷静下来。)
fashion / f n/ n. 时装业;流行
用法:不可数名词,指“时尚、流行趋势”。
搭配:in fashion(流行);out of fashion(过时)。
例句:Wearing hats was in fashion last year. (去年戴帽子很流行。)
choose /t u z/ vt.&vi. 选择
用法:动词,过去式chose,过去分词chosen。
例句:I need to choose a dress for the party. (我需要为聚会选一条裙子。)
搭配:choose from(从…中选) 结构:① choose + 具体选中的事物(宾语) + from + 选择范围(“从范围里选出某事物”,中高考最常用)
They chose two students from our class to join the English competition.(他们从我们班选了两名学生参加英语竞赛。—— 学校活动场景)
choose to do(选择做某事) 否定形式:choose not to do sth(“选择不做某事”,中高考常考否定场景)
We choose not to go out on rainy days because it’s dangerous.(下雨天我们选择不出去,因为不安全。—— 否定形式,高频考点)
advice / d va s/ n. 建议(不可数)
用法:不可数名词,不能加s;常考搭配:give advice(提建议);take one’s advice(听建议)。
例句:My teacher gave me some useful advice on learning English. (老师给了我一些学英语的有用建议。)
If you take the doctor’s advice to exercise more, you will feel much healthier.(如果你采纳医生的建议多运动,你会感觉健康很多。—— 健康话题,完形填空)
depend /d pend/ vi. 取决于
用法:不及物动词,必须接on,构成depend on(取决于;依靠)。
例句:Whether we go hiking depends on the weather. (我们去不去徒步取决于天气。)
Children depend on their parents for food and shelter. (孩子依赖父母提供食物和住所。)
such as 例如;诸如…之类
such as后面直接跟例子,后不加逗号(侧重 “列举同类事物”);
I like different sports, such as swimming, running and basketball.(我喜欢不同的运动,比如游泳、跑步和篮球。
for example后加逗号,可接句子,位置灵活(可放句首、句中、句末)。
For example, if you want to improve English, you can practice speaking every day.(例如,如果你想提高英语,你可以每天练习口语)
similar / s m l (r)/ adj. 相似的
用法:形容词,搭配:be similar to(与…相似)。
例句:This book is similar to the one I read last month. (这本书和我上月读的那本很像。)
mix /m ks/ vt./vi./n. 混合
用法:动词(混合)或名词(混合物)。
例句:Mix the eggs and flour together. (把鸡蛋和面粉混合在一起。)
mix up:“混淆;弄混”(侧重 “分不清人 / 事物”)
Don’t mix me up with my twin brother—we have different birthmarks.(别把我和我的双胞胎弟弟弄混了,我们的胎记不一样。—— 代词 “me” 放中间,单选真题考点)
mix with:“与…… 混合;和…… 打成一片”(侧重 “融合”)
Don’t mix milk with orange juice—it will taste strange.(别把牛奶和橙汁混合,味道会很怪。)
It’s easy for her to mix with new classmates because she’s very friendly.(她很容易和新同学打成一片,因为她很友善。)
stand out 突出,显眼
用法:动词短语,指“因不同而显眼”。
例句:Her red coat stands out in the crowd. (她的红外套在人群中很显眼。)
match /m t / vt.&vi. 匹配;般配
用法:动词,指“颜色、款式等搭配协调”;名词指“匹配的事物”。
搭配:match with(与…匹配)。
例句:This shirt matches your pants perfectly. (这件衬衫和你的裤子很搭。)
suitable / su t bl/ adj. 合适的
用法:形容词,搭配:be suitable for(适合…)。
例句:This movie is not suitable for children under 12. (这部电影不适合12岁以下儿童。)
suit /su t/ n. 套装 v. 适合
用法:名词指“西装”;动词指“适合(某人/场合)”。
搭配:suit sb.(适合某人)。
例句:A blue suit is suitable for business meetings. (蓝色西装适合商务会议。)
This red dress suits you very well—it matches your skin color.(这条红色连衣裙很适合你,和你的肤色很搭。)
be made of 由…制成(看得出原材料)
例句:The table is made of wood. (桌子是木头做的。)
be made from:“由…… 制成”(看不出原材料!)
例句:Paper is made from wood; after processing, the wood turns into thin paper.(纸是木头做的,经过加工后,木头变成了薄纸。)
be made in 表示 “在……(地方)制造”
例句:The phone is made in China(“这手机是中国造的)
agree / ɡri / vi.&vt. 同意
用法:agree with sb:“同意某人(的观点 / 看法)”
例句:I agree with you. We should start early. (我同意你,我们应该早点出发。)
agree to sth:“同意(提议 / 计划 / 安排)”
Did she agree to your request to help with the English party (她同意你请她帮忙筹备英语派对的请求了吗?)
agree to do sth(同意做某个动作,如 agree to help, agree to join)
He agreed to join the music club because he likes singing.(他同意加入音乐俱乐部,因为他喜欢唱歌。)
agree on:“(双方 / 多方)商定;达成一致”
The teacher and students agreed on a new rule—no phones in class.(老师和学生们商定了一条新规定 —— 课堂上不能用手机。—— 师生沟通场景,写作常用)
feature / fi t (r)/ n. 特点
用法:可数名词,指“显著特征”。
例句:One of the features of this phone is its large screen. (这款手机的特点之一是屏幕大。)
Unit 7
wise /wa z/ adj. 明智的
用法:形容词,描述人或行为的“明智、有智慧”。
搭配:wise decision(明智的决定);wise choice(明智的选择)。
例句:It’s wise to save some money for emergencies. (存点钱应急是明智的。)
key /ki / n. 钥匙;关键
用法:实物钥匙:a set of keys(一串钥匙);
抽象意义:the key to success(成功的关键)。
例句:I lost my house keys. Can you help me find them (我丢了家门钥匙,能帮我找找吗?)
set /set/ n. 一套,一副,一组
用法:可数名词,指“同类物品的集合”。固定搭配:a set of(一套)。
例句:My dad bought me a new set of chess. (爸爸给我买了一套新国际象棋。)
inside / n sa d/ prep. 在…里面 adv. 在内部
用法:介词:inside the box(盒子里面);
副词:Stay inside, it’s raining. (待在里面,下雨了。)
例句:The keys are inside the drawer. (钥匙在抽屉里。)
another / n (r)/ pron.&det. 另一,又一
注意:another(另一)指“三者及以上”。
用法1:another + 单数名词 → “另一个(单数事物)”(最常考)
I lost my pen. Can you lend me another pen (我的笔丢了,你能借我另一支吗?)
用法2:another + 数词 + 复数名词 → “再…… 个;又…… 个”(高频加分用法)
Could you give me another three apples I’m still hungry.(能再给我三个苹果吗?我还没吃饱。)
other:“其他的;另外的”(侧重 “后接复数名词,泛指‘其余的”)
词性:主要作形容词(必须后接名词,不能单独用)
用法 1:other + 复数名词 → “其他的……”(泛指,无范围限定)
Some students like English, and other students prefer math.(有些学生喜欢英语,其他学生更喜欢数学。)
用法 2:the other + 单数 / 复数名词 → “(两者中的)另一个 / 其余的”(特指,高频易错)
接单数名词:指 “两者中的另一个”(对应 “one...the other...”);
例句 1:I have two pencils. One is black, and the other(pencil)is red.(我有两支铅笔,一支是黑的,另一支是红的。—— 两者中的另一个,单选真题)
接复数名词:指 “多者中‘剩下的全部’”。
例句 2:There are 50 students in our class. 10 are boys, and the other students are girls.(我们班有 50 个学生,10 个是男生,其余的是女生。—— 多者中剩下的全部,完形填空)
surprise /s pra z/ n. 令人惊奇的事
用法:可数名词,指“意外的事”。
搭配:a big surprise(一个大惊喜);to one’s surprise(令某人惊讶的是)。
例句:It was a surprise to see her at the party. (在聚会上见到她真让人意外。)
To our surprise, the PE class was not canceled even though it rained a little.(令我们惊讶的是,虽然下了点雨,但体育课并没有取消。)
protect /pr tekt/ vt. 保护
用法:及物动词,搭配:protect sb./sth. from sth.(保护…免受…)。
例句:We should protect the environment from pollution. (我们应该保护环境免受污染。)
across / kr s/ prep. 在…对面;穿过
用法:指“从表面穿过”(区别于through“从内部穿过”)。
搭配:go across + 名词指“穿过;越过”(表面型地点,如 street/road)。
My mom always reminds me to go across the road at the zebra crossing.(妈妈总提醒我要走斑马线过马路。)
through:介词,“穿过;透过”(侧重 “从内部 / 中间穿过”)
The little girl was afraid to go through the dark forest alone, so her dad went with her.(小女孩不敢独自穿过漆黑的森林,所以爸爸陪她一起去。)
across from:介词短语,“在… 对面”(表位置,非动作)
基本结构:主语 + be + across from + 地点名词
The shop is across from the school
cross:动词,“穿过;越过”(侧重 “从表面直接穿过”)
基本结构:go across + 名词(表面型地点,如 street/road)
同义互换:cross the street = go across the street(过马路)
You must look left and right before you cross the street to school.(过马路去学校前,你一定要左右看。)
cost /k st/ vt. 需付费;n. 价钱
用法1:动词,表 “(物)花费金钱/时间”
结构:sth. + cost (sb.) + 具体钱数/时间
This English dictionary costs me 35 yuan—I bought it in the school bookstore.(这本英语词典花了我 35 元,我在学校书店买的。)
Finishing the math homework cost me one hour last night.(昨晚完成数学作业花了我 1 小时。)
用法2:名词,表 “成本、费用”
结构:the cost of + 名词(如 books /time/living)(…… 的成本)
We should know the cost of wasting time—once it’s gone, we can’t get it back.(我们要明白浪费时间的代价 —— 时间一旦流逝,就再也回不来了。)
manage / m n d / vt. 设法;管理
含义 1:“管理”—— manage + sth. /sb.
manage a company(管理公司)。
含义 2:“设法做到”—— manage to do sth.(中高考最高频!)
manage to do sth设法做某事(= succeed in doing sth.,强调 “成功做成”);
含义 3:“用…… 应付”—— manage with sth.
结构:manage with sth.(表示 “用有限的某物勉强应付”,中高考偶尔考)
She forgot her umbrella, but she managed with a newspaper to keep off the rain.(她忘带伞了,但用报纸勉强挡了雨。)
cover / k v (r)/ vt. 足以支付
用法:动词,指“足够支付费用”。
例句:My part-time job covers my pocket money. (我的兼职收入足够支付零花钱。)
pay /pe / vi.&vt. 付款
用法:支付:pay for sth.(为…付款);
I paid 50 yuan for this T-shirt. (我花了50元买这件T恤。)
daily / de li/ adj. 每日的
用法:作定语(daily routine 日常作息)或副词(exercise daily 每天锻炼)。
例句:I read the newspaper every day. (我每天读报纸。)
rest /rest/ n. 剩余部分
用法:名词,搭配:the rest of(剩下的)。
例句:I ate half the cake, and the rest is in the fridge. (我吃了半块蛋糕,剩下的在冰箱里。)
as / z/ prep./conj./adv. 作为;因为;正如
用法1:介词“作为;当作”(后接名词,表身份 / 用途)
As a monitor(作为班长), she often helps classmates with their homework.(2024 模考完形填空)
You can use this notebook as a dictionary(把它当字典用)to look up new words temporarily.(学习场景,单选选项)
用法 2:连词 (中高考重中之重)
含义1:连词“当… 时”( 结构as + 从句,表 “同时发生”)
I listened to music as I did my homework(边做作业边听音乐)last night.
vs 易混词vs when:as 强调 “同时进行”,when 可表 “突然发生”(如 I was reading when the phone rang)
含义2:连词“因为”(结构 as + 从句,表 “显而易见的原因”)
We stayed at home as it rained heavily(因为下大雨)
vs 易混词vs because:as 原因较浅(“显而易见”),because 表 “核心原因”(如 I didn’t go because I was ill)
含义3:连词“像… 一样” (结构as + 形容词 / 副词 + as,表比较,“和… 一样”)
This English book is as interesting as that story book.
vs 易混词否定式:not as...as(“不如…”),如 My pen is not as long as yours(我的笔不如你的长)
用法 3:副词 → “和… 一样”(修饰形容词 / 副词,需搭配 “as...as”)
结构:as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as(前一个 as 是副词,后一个是连词)
注意:中高考要求 “as...as” 中间必须用原级(不能用比较级)。
He runs as fast as his best friend(和他朋友跑得一样快)in the PE class.
away / we / adv. 离开;在远处
用法:副词,搭配:far away(遥远);run away(逃跑)。
例句:My grandparents live far away from the city. (爷爷奶奶住在离城市很远的地方。)
deal /di l/
用法 1:动词 deal with“处理;应对” 结构:deal with + 名词(问题 / 事情 / 人)
Do you know how to deal with(处理)this math problem I’ve tried it twice.(学习场景)
用法 2:动词 → “交易;买卖”(较少考,简单了解)
结构:deal + with sb.(与某人交易);deal in + 商品(经营某商品)
The shop deals with many customers every day(每天和很多顾客交易).
This store deals in school supplies(经营学习用品)—we can buy notebooks here.
用法 3:名词 (“交易;大量”) a deal(一笔交易);make a deal(达成交易)We made a deal(达成交易): I help him with math, and he helps me with English.(学习互助场景)
a good deal of + 不可数名词(“大量的”)
I spent a good deal of time(大量时间)preparing for the English speech.(学习场景)
send /send/ vt. “发送、邮寄、派遣”(双宾语结构是重点)
用法 1:过去式sent,过去分词sent。
搭配:send a message(发消息);send an email(发邮件)。
用法 2:双宾语结构 send sb. Sth=send sth. to sb“给某人发送 / 邮寄某物”
My mom sent me a new schoolbag(给我寄了新书包)last week.(= My mom sent a new schoolbag to me,家庭场景,写作常用)
用法 3:“派遣;打发”(接 to do 结构)
send sb. to do sth.(派遣某人做某事)
The school sent two students to take part in(派两名学生参加)the English competition.(竞赛场景,单选选项)
高频短语
send for派人去请;召唤 We sent for the teacher(派人去请老师)when the classmate felt sick.
send away打发走;赶走 The teacher sent away the boy(把男孩打发走了)because he was late again.
send off送别;寄出(信件 / 包裹)My classmates sent me off(送我)at the school gate when I left for the competition.
beginning /b ɡ n / n. 开头
用法1:at the beginning of “在…… 的开头”。
结构:at the beginning of + 名词(具体事物 / 过程)
At the beginning of the term, I made a study plan. (学期初,我制定了学习计划。)
用法2:in the beginning:“起初;一开始”(单独使用,表时间早期)
基本结构:In the beginning, + 句子(描述起初的情况)
In the beginning, I didn’t like running(起初,我不喜欢跑步), but now I run every morning.
habit / h b t/ n. 习惯
用法:可数名词,指“长期的行为模式”。
搭配:good habit(好习惯);break a habit(改掉习惯)。
例句:Reading before bed is a good habit. (睡前阅读是个好习惯。)
Unit 8
celebrate / sel bre t/ vi.&vt. 庆祝;颂扬
用法:celebrate a birthday/festival(庆祝生日/节日);celebrate sb.’s success(颂扬某人的成功)。
We celebrate the Spring Festival with our family every year. (我们每年和家人一起庆祝春节。)
remember /r memb (r)/ vt. 记住;纪念
用法:remember to do sth.(记得去做某事,未做);
Remember to lock the door before leaving. (离开前记得锁门。)
remember doing sth.(记得做过某事,已做)。
I remember meeting her at the party last year. (我记得去年聚会上见过她。)
spread /spred/ vt. 使分散;传播 vi.&vt. 展开 n. 传播
用法:spread news(传播消息);spread a map(展开地图)。
The news spread quickly around the school. (消息很快在学校里传开了。)
hang /h / vt.&vi. 悬挂
用法:悬挂物品:hang a picture(挂画);
过去式/过去分词:hung(悬挂);hanged(绞死,极少用)。
We hung the Christmas lights on the tree. (我们把圣诞灯挂在树上。)
strike /stra k/ vt.&vi. 敲;鸣;撞击
用法:敲钟:strike the bell(敲钟);过去式:struck(struck)。
The clock struck twelve at midnight. (时钟在午夜敲了十二下。)
into / ntu / prep. 进入;到…里面
用法 :表示动作的方向(从外到内)。
The kids ran into the park to play. (孩子们跑进公园玩耍。)
in the hope of 希望
用法:固定短语,后接名词/动名词(希望做某事)。
She called me in the hope of getting help with her homework. (她打电话给我,希望我帮她做作业。)
carry / k ri/ vt. 拿;提;搬;携带
He carried a big bag of books to school. (他背着一袋书去学校。)
wherever /we r ev (r)/ conj. 在任何地方
用法:引导让步状语从句(无论…哪里)。
Wherever you go, I will follow you. (无论你去哪里,我都跟着你。)
lively / la vli/ adj. 轻快的;生气勃勃的
用法 :形容词,描述气氛、音乐或人。
The party was full of lively music and laughter. (派对上充满了轻快的音乐和笑声。)
moment / m m nt/ n. 某个时刻;瞬间
搭配:at the moment(现在)
I’m busy at the moment. Can I call you back later (我现在很忙,晚点给你回电话好吗?)
for a moment(片刻)
My mom stayed for a moment to talk with my teacher after the parent-teacher meeting.(家长会后,妈妈停留了片刻,和老师聊了聊。)
natural / n t r l/ adj. 自然的
用法:形容词,描述自然形成的事物(区别于人工的)。
搭配:natural beauty(自然美景);natural resources(自然资源)。
The park has a lot of natural beauty, with mountains and lakes. (公园有很多自然美景,有山有湖。)
respect /r spekt/ v/n. 尊敬
用法1:动词:“尊重;重视”
respect + sb:尊重某人(人格、行为)
We should respect our teachers and classmates at school.(在学校,我们应该尊重老师和同学。)
respect + sth:重视 / 尊重某物(规则、意见、传统)
All students must respect the school rules—no running in the hallway.(所有学生必须遵守 / 尊重校规 —— 不在走廊奔跑。)
respect sb. for sth:因某事 / 某品质尊重某人
I respect my deskmate for her hard work—she always finishes homework carefully.(我因同桌的努力而尊重她 —— 她总是认真完成作业。)
用法2:不可数名词 “尊重”(常考 “表达尊重” 的短语)
核心搭配是 “show/have/give + respect + for sb./sth.”,中高考单选、完形、写作均高频,尤其 “show respect for”(对… 表示尊重)是必背短语。
It’s important to show respect for other people’s opinions even if we disagree.(即使不同意,也要尊重别人的观点,这很重要。)
用法3:可数名词 “方面、细节”(复数 respects,易漏记考点)
作 “方面” 时,常用复数形式 respects,搭配 “in many respects”(在很多方面)、“in some respects”(在某些方面),中高考常考 “描述事物的不同方面”(如学习、生活、性格)。
My best friend is similar to me in some respects—we both like reading and sports.(我最好的朋友在某些方面和我很像 —— 我们都喜欢阅读和运动。)
elder / eld (r)/ n. 长者;长辈 adj. 年纪较长的
My elder sister helps me with my homework every day. (我姐姐每天帮我做作业。)
decorate / dek re t/ vt. 装饰
用法:及物动词,指“用物品美化”。
搭配:decorate with(用…装饰)。
We decorated the classroom with balloons and ribbons. (我们用气球和丝带装饰教室。)
put up 张贴;挂起
They put up a poster for the school play on the bulletin board. (他们在公告栏贴了一张校园剧的海报。)
prepare /pr pe (r)/ vt. 预备(饭菜);准备
用法:及物动词,指“为某事做准备”。
搭配:prepare for(为…准备)。
She is preparing dinner in the kitchen. (她正在厨房准备晚餐。)
meaning / mi n / n. 意义;意思
用法:不可数名词(抽象意义)或可数名词(具体含义)。
The teacher explained the meaning of the poem. (老师解释了这首诗的含义。)
during / dju r / prep. 在…期间
用法:介词,后接时间段(如during the holiday 在假期期间)。
I read a lot of books during the summer vacation. (暑假期间我读了很多书。)
last /lɑ st/ vi. 持续
用法:动词,指“延续一段时间”。
The meeting lasted for two hours. (会议持续了两小时。)
till /t l/ prep.&conj. (until) 到…时;直到…为止
用法:引导时间状语从句(与until同义,口语中常用till)。
I’ll wait till you come back. (我会等到你回来。)

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