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(共23张PPT)
Grammar
Unit 5
Wild animals
能掌握动词不定式作宾语、目的状语和宾语补足语的用法。
01
02
学习目标
能掌握动词不定式的基本形式特征、表达的意义。
I want to buy a new book.
He got up early to catch the first bus.
The teacher asked us not to be late for school.
(1) What structure do the words in bold use
To-infinitives.
(2) What is the basic form of the structure How about the negative form
The basic form is “to do”. The negative form is “not to do”.
Read the sentences below and answer the following questions.
Lead in
The Class 1, Grade 8 students went on a school trip to Beijing Zoo yesterday. Simon wrote about a giant panda. Read his article and pay attention to the use of to-infinitives. Then answer the following questions.
(1) What structure do the words in bold use
Verbs + to-infinitives.
(2) What are to-infinitives used as in the structure “verbs + to-infinitives”
Objects.
When we arrived at the zoo, the pandas started to come out of their home. I liked one of the pandas most. That panda was full of energy. He began to eat bamboo for breakfast. After that, he tried to exercise. A few minutes later, he decided to climb a tree. He even wanted to climb over the wall!
新课讲授
Presentation
We often use to-infinitives after these verbs: ____________,
___________, ___________, ___________, ___________, learn, plan, prepare, choose, fail, remember, forget, agree, etc.
start
begin
try
decide
want
Work out the rule!
动词不定式
当句子中已经有谓语动词，而我们又要表达不止一个动作概念时，其余的动词可以使用非谓语形式。动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，其基本形式是“to+动词原形”。
e.g. He wants to play football after class. 他想课后踢足球。
动词不定式在句子中不充当谓语，因此没有人称、数的变化，可在句中充当多种成分，如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。
e.g. To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。
What are you trying to do 你想干什么？
The teacher asked us to read more English stories.
老师让我们多读英语故事。
They got up early to catch the early bus. 他们早起去赶早班车。
动词不定式做宾语
动词不定式在句中常充当谓语动词的宾语，这一类谓语动词常见的有：afford、agree、choose、decide、forget、hope、learn、manage、plan、prepare、promise、refuse、try、want。
e.g. I decided to visit my grandparents this weekend.
我决定这个周末去看望祖父母。
注意: 动词不定式的否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。
e.g. You must promise not to do this again. 你必须保证不再这么做了。
Find all the sentences using verbs + to-infinitives in the article in “Reading” on pages 66–67.
At six months old, she began to eat bamboo.
When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself.
Practice
This panda is fat and quiet. She (1) ______________ (like, eat) apples. She does not (2) ______________ (want, move) around. Sometimes she (3) _______________ (manage, climb) up the tree, but she often (4) ______________ (fail, get) down.
likes to eat
want to move
manages to climb
fails to get
Millie watched a video about another giant panda at the zoo and then wrote about plete her article with the help of the words in brackets.
Read the text below by a panda keeper and pay attention to the use of to-infinitives. Then answer the following question.
What are to-infinitives used as in the text
Adverbials of purpose.
We love the baby panda very much. We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet. We buy toys to make her happy. We also plan to give her a special cake and some gifts to celebrate her birthday.
Presentation
We often use to-infinitives to express purpose. We can also use in order to, especially in formal writing.
We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet.
→We prepare all kinds of food in order to give her a healthy diet.
动词不定式做目的状语
我们还可以用动词不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的。
e.g. We will move faster to build China into a country strong in sports.
我们要加快将中国建设成为体育强国。
He stayed at the school to clean the classroom. 他留在学校打扫教室。
为了使表达更加清楚或对目的加以强调，还可用 in order to。
e.g. She is running quickly in order to catch the first bus.
为了赶上首班公交车，她正飞快地跑着。
I will sit in the front in order to hear more clearly.
为了听得更清楚，我要坐在前面。
注意：由in order to引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。
e.g. They left early in order to get there in time.
为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。
= In order to get there in time, they left early.
Find all the sentences using to-infinitives to express purpose in the article in “Reading” on pages 66-67.
Moreover, scientists are working hard to help pandas have more babies.
Practice
1. Eagles use their eyes a. in order to stay safe.
2. Whales make loud sounds b. to feed their babies and themselves.
3. Tigers hunt other animals c. in order to talk to each other.
4. Zebras live in groups d. to learn hunting skills.
5. Baby animals watch their parents e. to find small animals on the ground.
Amy is thinking about wild animals after coming back from the zoo. Match the first part of each sentence on the left with the second part on the right.
Daniel wrote about the school trip to the zoo. Read his article and pay attention to the use of infinitives with or without to and answer the following questions.
(1) What structure do the words in bold use
Verbs + objects + infinitives with/without to.
(2) What are infinitives with/without to used as in the structure “verbs +
objects + infinitives with/without to”
Object complements.
Today we went to the zoo. The pandas in the zoo are really cute, and they made us all laugh. I saw a baby lion stay near its mother for protection. How lovely! Mr Wu asked us not to feed the animals there because it might make them sick. This trip was meaningful. It helped us (to) understand the importance of protecting animals.
Presentation
Work out the rule!
We can use some verbs with objects and infinitives.
We can use the verbs ______________, let, ______________
and hear in this structure without to.
We can use the verb ______________ with or without to.
We add ______________ before to-infinitives to express a negative meaning.
make
see
help
not
TIP
We often use the following verbs with objects and to-infinitives:
tell invite teach advise order warn encourage
动词不定式做宾语补足语
我们可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中充当宾语补足语。
e.g. I want you to sing a song for us. 我想让你给我们唱首歌。
My father asked me to clean my room. 我爸爸让我打扫一下我的房间。
部分动词， 如ask、tell、order、invite、get、allow、wish、want、encourage、advise、warn、like、love、hate等，常跟带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。
e.g. What did your parents advise you to do 你父母建议你怎么做？
The policeman told the boys not to swim in the river.
警察告诉男孩们别在河里游泳。
感官动词，如hear、feel、see、watch、notice等，以及使役动词let、make和have，常跟不带to的动词不定式。此时不带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。
e.g. I saw her open the door. 我看见她打开门。
You can let the boy go first. 你可以让那个男孩先走。
动词help后面的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to。
e.g. She often helps me (to) do the housework. 她常常帮我做家务。
We helped him (to) fix his bike. 我们帮他修自行车。
Kitty is also writing about the trip to the plete her notes with the help of the words in brackets.
told
Mr Wu (1) ____________ us ____________ (tell, wear) a pair of
comfortable shoes.
Our Chinese teacher (2) ____________ us ____________ (ask, watch)
the animals carefully because she (3) ____________ us ____________
(want, write) about them.
We (4) ____________ some birds ____________ (hear, sing) in the trees.
The trip (5) ____________ us ____________ (help, learn) more about
animals.
to wear
asked
to watch
wanted
to write
heard
sing
helped
(to) learn
Practice
Last summer, I went to the City Zoo. There were so many amazing animals to see. I decided to see the pandas first. They seemed to enjoy the bamboo a lot. They ate slowly to taste every bit of it. In the monkey area, I watched the monkeys jump around. Some monkeys climbed up high to get a better view of the zoo. I also saw a zookeeper teach a parrot to say hello. It was a great day at the zoo. I hope to go there again soon.
Write about one of your trips to the zoo using to-infinitives.
一、单项选择
1. —Red-crowned cranes are in danger because their natural habitat is fast disappearing. 　　
—Yes. People working in the reserves are doing everything they can ______ this. 　　
A. prevent 　　 B. to prevent 　　 C. preventing 　　 D. prevented
2.______ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night.
A. To learn B. Learning C. Learned D. Learn
3. —Miss Li, can you tell me how to improve my writing skills
—Certainly. I advise you ______ a diary in English every day.
A. to keep B. keeping C. kept D. keeps
当堂检测
1. I want to learn ______________ (play) the guitar in my free time.
2. My parents agree ______________ (take) me to the zoo this weekend.
3. My mom often lets me ______________ (watch) TV for 30 minutes after finishing homework.
4. Lily will invite me ______________ (attend) her birthday party next Sunday.
5. The teacher warns us ______________ (not run) in the hallway to keep safe.
6. We need to plant more trees ______________ (make) our city greener.
to play
to take
watch
to attend
not to run
to make
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Write sentences using verbs + to-infinitives, to-infinitives to express purpose and verbs + objects + infinitives with/without to.
Preview Unit 5 Word power.
Homework

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