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Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip
单元小结
知识目录
学习目标：本单元学习关于游学的相关知识，游学的常见活动，游学的好处，学习与游学相关的词汇和短语，读懂难度相当的文章，学习引用别人的话观点来阐述自己的观点。
语法目标：现在完成时的用法。
听说目标：能听懂关于苏梅游学经历的对话。谈论旅游访学的活动内容及其好处。
写作目标：能够写出交流访学后给寄宿家庭的一封感谢信。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 重点短语 练习
要点2 重点句式 练习
要点3 构词法 练习
【精讲精练】
要点1 exchange的用法 练习
要点2 tour的用法 练习
要点3 in person的用法 练习
要点4 get to do sth.的用法 练习
要点5 introduce的用法 练习
要点6 as well, also，too和either的用法 练习
要点7 lonely/alone的用法 练习
要点8 keep in touch with的用法 练习
要点9 anxious的用法 练习
要点10 model的用法 练习
要点11 familiar/unfamiliar的用法 练习
要点12 feeling用法 练习
要点13 expect的用法 练习
要点14 yet/already的用法 练习
要点15. accept/receive的用法 练习
要点16 experience的用法 练习
要点17 be different from的用法 练习
要点18 a bit/a bit of/a little的用法 练习
要点19 deal/deal with的用法 练习
要点20 independent/dependent的用法 练习
要点21 feel unhappy with的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点 现在完成时态 25
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 29
要点2 词汇短语积累 30
要点3句式积累 31
要点4实战演练 31
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
【重点短语】
1.一组 / 一群 A group of
2.去旅游 go on tours
3.名胜古迹 places of interest
4.一次难忘的经历 an unforgettable experience
5.亲自 in person
6.目前为止 so far
7.毫无疑问 no doubt
8.稍微、有点 a bit of
9.蜿蜒而行 snake its way through
10.使某人初步了解 introduce sb. to sth.
11.继续努力 keep trying
12.不同于 be different from
13.慢慢尝试 get to try
14.与某人保持联系 keep in touch with sb.
15.过来 come over to
16.某人迫不及待 sb. can't wait
17.感到困惑、奇怪或焦虑 feel confused, strange or anxious
18.出于不同的原因 for different reasons
19.被称为 be known as
20.文化适应模式 the model of cultural adjustment
21.对生活感到不满 feel unhappy about life
22.体验新的文化冲击 experience a new culture shock
23.处理 deal with
24.感觉很新鲜 feels all that new
25.有宾至如归的感觉 feel at home
26.逆向文化冲击 reverse culture shock
【重点句式】
1. I’m really grateful that they let me stay in their home. I love Chinese food and enjoy every meal I have with my host family. 我真的很感激他们让我住在他们家。我喜欢中国菜，喜欢和寄宿家庭一起吃的每一顿饭。
2.At the weekend, they go on tours with their host families around Beijing and visit places of interest
周末，他们和寄宿家庭一起去北京各地旅游，参观名胜古迹
3.“It's been a fantastic experience so far” says Eric. “I've learnt a bit of tai chi”
“到目前为止，这是一次很棒的经历，”埃里克说。“我学了一点太极”
4. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well.
老师们也让我们初次了解了中国国画。
5. I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home.
我计划回家后和他们保持联系
6.Well see one another soon because they’ll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I can't wait!
我们很快就会见面，因为他们下个月会来英国进行第二部分的交流。我等不及了！
7. If you travel to a foreign country, you may feel confused, strange or anxious.
如果你去国外旅行，你可能会感到困惑、奇怪或焦虑。
8.After a while, you begin to feel unhappy about life in the new country.
过了一段时间，你开始对在新国家的生活感到不满。
9.You start to accept the local culture, and you also learn how to deal with the things you do not like.
你开始接受当地文化，并且也学会了如何处理你不喜欢的事情
10. You finally begin to feel at home in the new culture
你最终开始在新文化中感到舒适自如
11.In my opinion, exchange trips can help students from different countries understand each other better.
在我看来，交流旅行可以帮助来自不同国家的学生更好地相互了解。
12.When they stay with a host family and meet local people, they get to learn about different ways of life.
当他们住在寄宿家庭并与当地人见面时，他们可以了解不同的生活方式。
13.They can practise another language every day. Talking with others in real life makes their language skills better
他们可以每天练习另一种语言。在现实生活中与他人交谈可以提高他们的语言技能
14.I'm writing this letter to show my gratitude to you for taking care of me during my study tour in Beijing.
我写这封信是为了感谢你在我北京游学期间对我的照顾。
15. I've learned a lot about Chinese family values during my stay with you. I feel like part of the family.
在你们这里，我学到了很多关于中国家庭价值观的知识。我觉得自己是家庭的一员。
【构词法】
我们可以在一些形容词的末尾加上后缀来组成名词。后缀-ness表示存在的质量或状态。
happy —happiness sick —— sickness
kind —— kindness dark —— darkness
sad——sadness ill —— illness
good——goodness weak ——weakness
soft——softness quick——quickness
【精讲精练】
要点1 exchange
一、作动词，意为“交换”，引申可表示“交流”经验、思想等。例如：
The two girls always exchanged Christmas gifts.
两个女孩经常交换圣诞礼物。
We shall have opportunity to exchange views tomorrow.
我们明天有机会交换看法。
（2）exchange作及物动词时，其宾语后常接介词for，表示“以……换取”；接介词with表示“与某人交换(某物)/与某人交流（想法等）”。
例如：
I’d like to exchange a watch for a camera.
我想用表换相机。
Would you like to exchange places with me
你愿意跟我换一下地方吗
二、作名词 (n.) 表示 交换、互换 交换学生 / 项目
There was an exchange of greetings before the meeting.会议前双方互致问候。
We had a frank exchange of views on the issue.我们就这个问题坦诚地交换了意见。
She went to France as part of a student exchange.她作为交换学生去了法国。
【典例分析】
1.Where can I e______ my RMB for US dollars （完成单词）
【答案】exchange
2.他们在会议上交换了关于环保的看法。
They ______ ______ on environmental protection at the meeting.
【答案】exchanged views
3. We need to ______ our ideas to find a better solution.
A. change B. exchange C. replace D. turn
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们需要交换想法以找到更好的解决方案。
change改变 exchange交换 replace替换 turn转变。句中强调 “交换想法”，exchange 有 “交流、交换” 的含义，符合语境；其他选项均无 “交换” 之意，故选 B。
要点 2
tour 可作名词和动词， “旅行、游览”
一、作名词 意为 “旅行；游览；巡回演出 / 访问”，指带有明确目的（如观光、演出等）的行程，
We had a wonderful tour of the city.我们进行了一次愉快的城市游览。
The band will start their national tour next month.
这支乐队下个月将开始全国巡回演出。
二、作动词 “游览；巡回演出 / 访问”，
They toured around Japan last summer.去年夏天他们游览了日本。
We toured the museum yesterday.我们昨天游览了博物馆。
常用句式与搭配
go on tours (a tour)(of...)
意为 “去（某地）旅行 / 游览”。
We plan to go on a tour of the countryside.我们计划去乡村旅行。
辨析tour, journey ,trip ,travel
tour是类似周游、观光旅游的旅行，
比如tour of London, tour of World，一般短语就是on the tour of some place.
journey是着重于行程时间比较长的旅行，较正式，
比如我们在飞机上常常看到Wish you have a good
journey. ；另外journey还强调抽象的“旅程”的意思，比如: Life is a journey.
trip是有目的性的旅行，强调“短期旅行”，但实际上口语上trip和journey是可以互换的。
travel的意思就很广泛了，算是一个总称，着重于“离开居住地去其他地方作短途旅行”。
一句话总结
tour：多地游览，有明确目的（如观光、演出）；
journey：长途旅程，侧重距离和过程；
trip：短途出行，有具体目的（如出差、度假）；
travel：泛指旅行行为或经历（动词），或抽象的旅行概念（名词）。
1.We went on a tour of the ancient temples.
我们游览了那些古寺。—— 多地参观
2.The journey from Beijing to Shanghai took 5 hours.
北京到上海的行程花了 5 小时。—— 长途过程
3.I’m planning a weekend trip to the mountains.
我计划周末去山里玩。—— 短途出行
4.She loves travel and has been to 20 countries.
她热爱旅行，去过20个国家。—— 抽象概念
【典例分析】
1.The art exhibition will start a ______ of five major cities next month.
A. journey B. tour C. trip D. travel
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这个艺术展下个月将开始在五个主要城市的巡回展出。
A. journey（长途旅程，侧重距离） B. tour（巡回活动，强调多地有目的的行程）
C. trip（短途出行，侧重单一目的）D. travel（泛指旅行，多为抽象概念）
句中强调 “在多个城市的巡回展出”，符合 tour 作名词时 “巡回活动” 的含义；A 侧重单一旅程，C 侧重短途单次出行，D 不具体指有组织的巡回活动，故选 B。
2. My parents love ______ and have been to all continents except Antarctica.
A. tour B. journey C. trip D. travel
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我的父母热爱旅行，除了南极洲，他们去过所有大洲。
A. tour（游览，指有明确目的的多地旅行，如观光、演出）B. journey（旅程，侧重长途行程的过程）
C. trip（出行，指短期且有具体目的的旅行） D. travel（旅行，泛指抽象的旅行爱好或行为）
句中强调 “热爱旅行” 这一抽象的爱好，而非具体的某次行程，travel 作名词时可表示这种广泛的旅行概念，符合语境；其他选项均指向具体的旅行形式，故选 D。
3.She had to cancel her business ______ to Shanghai because of the bad weather.
A. tour B. trip C. journey D. travel
【答案】B
【解析】句意：由于天气恶劣，她不得不取消去上海的商务出行。
A. tour（游览，侧重有计划的多地观光或巡回活动） B. trip（出行，侧重有具体目的的短途旅行，如出差、度假）C. journey（旅程，侧重长途行程的过程，较正式） D. travel（旅行，泛指抽象的旅行行为）
句中 “商务出行” 属于有明确目的的短途行程，trip 常用来表示这种 “有特定目的的短途出行”，符合语境；A 侧重观光或巡回，C 侧重长途过程，D 为抽象概念，均不恰当，故选 B。
4. After a long ______ across the desert, they finally reached the oasis.
A. tour B. trip C. journey D. travel
【答案】C
【解析】句意：经过一段穿越沙漠的漫长旅程，他们终于到达了绿洲。
A. tour（游览，侧重有明确目的的多地旅行，如观光）B. trip（出行，侧重短期、有具体目的的短途旅行）
C. journey（旅程，侧重长途且强调过程的行程，较正式） D. travel（旅行，泛指抽象的旅行行为或经历）
句中 “穿越沙漠的漫长行程” 强调距离长且过程艰难，符合 journey 侧重 “长途旅程及过程” 的特点；A 侧重多地观光，B 侧重短途，D 为抽象概念，均不符合语境，故选 C。
要点3
in person 的用法
in person 是介词短语，意为 “亲自；当面”，强调 “本人直接参与”，而非通过电话、网络、信件等间接方式。其用法主要如下：
She decided to deliver the message in person.她决定亲自去传达这个消息。
The manager will meet you in person tomorrow.经理明天会亲自见你。
The singer was there in person—what a surprise!
那位歌手亲自到场了 —— 太惊喜了！
It’s better to be in person at the meeting if you can.
如果可以，最好亲自出席会议。
【典例分析】
1.You need to sign the document ______; electronic signatures are not accepted here.
A. in public B. in person C. in advance D. in return
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你需要亲自签署这份文件，这里不接受电子签名。
A. in public（公开地） B. in person（亲自） C. in advance（提前） D. in return（作为回报）
句中强调 “必须本人签署”，与 “电子签名” 形成对比，in person 准确表达 “亲自” 的含义；其他选项均不符合 “本人签署” 的语境，故选 B。
2.如果你不能亲自来，可以派代表出席。
If you can't come ______ ______, you can send a representative.
【答案】in person
要点 4
get to do sth 是常见的动词短语， “有机会做某事；逐渐做某事；终于做某事”。
She finally got to meet her favorite singer.
她终于有机会见到了她最喜欢的歌手。
get to do sth 是常见的动词短语， “有机会做某事；逐渐做某事；终于做某事”。
She finally got to meet her favorite singer.
她终于有机会见到了她最喜欢的歌手。
【典例分析】
1.经过练习，我们逐渐学会了如何使用这个软件。
With practice, we ______ ______ ______ how to use this software.
2.他年纪大了，慢慢开始喜欢安静的活动。
As he grows older, he ______ ______ ______ quiet activities.
3.孩子们会逐渐适应新的学校生活的。
The children will ______ ______ ______ to the new school life.
【答案】1.got to learn 2.gets to enjoy 3.get to adapt
要点5 introduce
表示 “介绍（人或事物）”
introduce A to B：把 A 介绍给 B（A 可以是人或事物）。
Let me introduce my sister to you.让我把我妹妹介绍给你。
The teacher introduced a new method to the class.老师向全班介绍了一种新方法。
表示 “初次经历；使初次接触” 强调让某人首次接触或体验某事。
The course aims to introduce students to classic literature.这门课旨在让学生初次接触古典文学。
introduction是名词，含义为 “介绍；引言；引入”，
After a brief introduction, we started the meeting.简短介绍后，我们开始了会议。
The introduction of the book explains its main purpose.
这本书的引言说明了其主要目的。
【典例分析】
1.The first chapter of the book is a brief ______ to the author's life.
A. introduction B. description C. explanation D. instruction
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这本书的第一章是对作者生平的简要介绍。
A. introduction（介绍，引言，指对人或事物的基本情况进行说明）B. description（描述，侧重对细节的具体描绘）C. explanation（解释，侧重对原因或道理的说明）D. instruction（指示，说明，常指操作指南或命令）.句中强调 “对作者生平的基本情况说明”，introduction 符合 “介绍基本信息” 的含义，且 “introduction to...” 是固定搭配，意为 “对…… 的介绍”，故选 A。
2.The book ______ the history of ancient China in a simple way.
A. introduces B. describes C. explains D. talks
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这本书以简单的方式介绍了中国古代史。
A. introduces（介绍，使了解） B. describes（描述，侧重细节描绘）
C. explains（解释，侧重说明原因或道理） D. talks（谈论，为不及物动词，需加介词）
句中强调 “使读者了解中国古代史”，introduce 有 “简要介绍、使知晓” 的含义，符合语境；B 侧重细节描绘，C 侧重解释，D 用法不当，故选 A。
3.这位教授将初步向学生们介绍最新的研究方法。
The professor will ______ the students ______ the latest research methods.
【答案】introduce; to
要点 6
as well 和also均意为“也”，too和either也有“也”的意思，注意它们的用法和区别：
(1) as well 用于肯定句，常用于口语中，通常位于句末，与前面的句子一般不用逗号分开；
(2) also 用于肯定句，通常位于be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前；
(3) too 用于肯定句，比also 更通俗，一般放在句末，可用逗号与前面的句子分开；
(4) either 用于否定句，而且只能放在句末。
例如：
这事我也能做。I can also do it.= I can do it(,) too.= I can do it as well.
这事我也做不了。I can’t do it either.
【典例分析】
1.She likes playing the piano, and she ______ enjoys painting.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
【答案】B
【解析】句意：她喜欢弹钢琴，也喜欢画画。
A. as well（也，用于肯定句末尾，不加逗号）B. also（也，用于肯定句中，位于实义动词前）
C. either（也，用于否定句末尾） D. too（也，用于肯定句末尾，可加逗号）
句中 “enjoys” 是实义动词，空白处位于其前，需要一个用于肯定句中表示 “也” 的词，also 符合这一用法，故选 B。
2.I don't like spicy food, and my sister doesn't ______.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我不喜欢辛辣食物，我妹妹也不喜欢。
A. as well（也，用于肯定句末尾） B. also（也，用于肯定句中）
C. either（也，用于否定句末尾） D. too（也，用于肯定句末尾）
句中是否定句，需要一个用于否定句末尾表示 “也不” 的词，either 符合这一用法，故选 C。
3.He can speak French, and he can speak Spanish ______.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他会说法语，也会说西班牙语。
A. as well（也，用于肯定句末尾，不加逗号） B. also（也，用于肯定句中）
C. either（也，用于否定句末尾） D. too（也，用于肯定句末尾，常加逗号）
句中是肯定句，空白处位于句末且无逗号，as well 符合 “肯定句末尾不加逗号表‘也’” 的用法，故选 A。
4.They went to the park yesterday, and we went there， ______.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他们昨天去了公园，我们也去了那里。
A. as well（也，用于肯定句末尾，不加逗号） B. also（也，用于肯定句中）
C. either（也，用于否定句末尾） D. too（也，用于肯定句末尾，可加逗号）
句中是肯定句，空白处位于句末，虽然 as well 和 too 均可用于肯定句末尾，但 too 更常用且可根据语境加逗号，符合日常表达习惯，故选 D。
要点 7：lonely
lonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，带有较强感彩，可用作表语或定语；表示“荒凉的，偏僻的”，用来说明地方，多用作定语。例如：
When his wife died, he was very lonely.
太太死后他非常孤独。
The old man lived in the lonely mountain village.
那个老人住在荒凉的山村。
【拓展】lonely与alone的辨析：
lonely作形容词，意为“（人）孤单的，寂寞的”，它更强调一种主观的感觉；alone作形容词和副词，意为“独自的（地），单独的（地）”，它更强调一种客观情况。alone作形容词，在句中只用作表语。例如：
Don’t leave me alone. I will feel lonely.
别留下我一个人，我会觉得孤单的。
区分 alone 与 lonely
alone 形容词和副词 强调客观上“独自一人”，不带有感彩。作形容词时不可作定语。
lonely 形容词 强调情感上“孤独的；寂寞的”，可作定语和表语。 还可意为“偏僻的”，只作定语。
【典例分析】
1. His grandparents live ________ in a small house, but they don't feel ________.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
【点拨】B句意：他的祖父母独自住在一个小房子里，但他们并不感到孤独。
考查形容词与副词。alone可以作形容词，也可以作副词，意为“单独，独自”；而lonely只可以作形容词，意为"内心孤独的"。根据句中关键词live可知，要用副词alone来修饰；关键词feel是一个感官系动词，后面应跟形容词lonely。故选B。
2.Nowadays many old people stay at home ________, so they often feel ________.
A. lonely, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, lonely D. alone, alone
【点拨】C 句意：现在许多老人独自待在家里，所以他们经常感觉很孤独。
考查形容词和副词用法。lonely孤独的，形容词，带有感彩；alone独自（的），副词和形容词，不带感彩。根据语境可知“老人在家里”讲述的是一个事实，而“他们感觉很孤独”带有强烈的感彩；第一空修饰动词stay用副词alone，第二空系动词feel后跟形容词lonely作表语，故选C。
3.When you feel hopeless and________，just remember you are not________ in the world.
A．alone；alone B．lonely；lonely
C．lonely；alone D．alone；lonely
【点拨】C lonely意为“孤独的，寂寞的”；alone意为“单独，独自”，强调独自一人。
4. 用alone，lonely填空
(1) We should do our homework ________.
【答案】alone
(2) The poor boy is________ and has no friends.
【答案】lonely
(3) It is not convenient to live in a(n) ________ area.
【答案】lonely
(4) I don’t feel ________though I am________ in a strange city.
【答案】alone
（5）The old man lives in a ____________place ____________. He feels ___________ because he doesn’t have any sons or daughters.
【答案】第一空lonely “偏僻的”，只作定语。 第二空，alone 强调客观上“独自一人”，第三空，lonely强调情感上“孤独的；寂寞的”
要点 8
keep in touch with 是固定短语，意为 “与…… 保持联系”
She still keeps in touch with her high school classmates.她仍与高中同学保持联系。
keep in touch with + 事物（表示了解某事物的最新情况）
It’s important to keep in touch with the latest technology.了解最新科技很重要。
口语中可简化为 keep in touch（省略 with 的宾语，语境明确时使用）。
We’ll keep in touch after you move to London.你搬到伦敦后，我们要保持联系。
stay in touch with=keep in touch with 完全一致，更强调 “持续保持” 的状态。
keep contact with 较正式，侧重 “通过某种方式维持接触”。
The organization keeps contact with international partners regularly.
该组织定期与国际合作伙伴保持联系。
【典例分析】
1.We should ______ our old friends even if we are busy with work.
A. keep up with B. keep in touch with C. get along with D. catch up with
【答案】B
【解析】句意：即使我们忙于工作，也应该和老朋友保持联系。
A. keep up with（跟上，不落后于） B. keep in touch with（与…… 保持联系）
C. get along with（与…… 相处） D. catch up with（赶上，追上）
句中强调 “和老朋友保持联系”，keep in touch with 是固定短语，意为 “与…… 保持联系”，符合语境；其他选项均无 “保持联系” 的含义，故选 B。
2.Nowadays, people can ______ each other easily through social media.
A. keep in touch with B. make friends with C. have fun with D. work together with
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如今，人们可以通过社交媒体轻松地与彼此保持联系。
A. keep in touch with（与…… 保持联系） B. make friends with（与…… 交朋友）
C. have fun with（和…… 一起玩乐） D. work together with（与…… 一起工作）
句中强调 “通过社交媒体保持联系”，keep in touch with 符合 “保持联系” 的语境；其他选项均与 “通过社交媒体维持联系” 的含义不符，故选 A。
3.毕业后，他们通过电子邮件彼此保持联系已经五年了。
They have ______ ______ ______ _________each other by email for five years since graduation.
【答案】kept in touch with
要点9
anxious 意为 “焦虑的、担忧的；渴望的”
常用词组
be anxious about：为…… 担忧
be anxious to do sth.：渴望做某事
be anxious for sth.：渴望得到某物
anxiety：名词，意为 “焦虑、担忧”
She is anxious about her son’s safety.
她为儿子的安全感到担忧。
We are anxious to know the result of the exam.
我们迫切想知道考试结果。
The parents were anxious for their children’s return.
父母渴望孩子们回来。
His anxiety made him unable to sleep.（同根词 anxiety）
【典例分析】
1.She felt ______ about her son's safety when he didn't come home on time.
A. happy B. anxious C. excited D. relaxed
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当儿子没有按时回家时，她为他的安全感到担忧。
A. happy（开心的） B. anxious（担忧的，焦虑的） C. excited（兴奋的） D. relaxed（放松的）
句中 “儿子未按时回家” 暗示担忧的情绪，anxious 表示 “因不确定或不好的事情而担忧”，符合语境；故选 B。
2.The students were ______ to know the results of the exam.
A. anxious B. afraid C. angry D. asleep
【答案】A
【解析】 句意：学生们急于知道考试结果。
A. anxious（渴望的，急于的） B. afraid（害怕的） C. angry（生气的） D. asleep（睡着的）
句中强调 “急于知道结果”，anxious 有 “渴望、急于做某事” 的含义（常用搭配 be anxious to do sth.），符合语境，故选 A。
3.She was a______ about the safety of her little daughter who was out alone.
【答案】anxious
4.His constant __________ （anxious） about the exam made it hard for him to focus on studying.
【答案】anxiety
要点 10
model （n.）意为 “模型；模范；模特；型号”
He built a model of a plane with wood. 他用木头做了一个飞机模型。
She is a model student in our class. 她是我们班的模范学生。
He wants to be a model when he grows up. 他长大后想当一名模特。
This is the latest model of the phone. 这是这款手机的最新型号。
作动词（v.）意为 “做模型；模仿；以…… 为榜样”。
The children are modeling a castle with clay. 年轻人经常模仿他们的偶像。
She models her teaching methods on a famous teacher.
她效仿一位名师的教学方法。
【典例分析】
1.The young actress has become a role m______ for many teenagers because of her kindness and hard work.
【答案】model
2.This dress is a new ______ designed by a famous fashion designer.
A. model B. type C. kind D. form
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这件连衣裙是一位著名时装设计师设计的新款模特（款式）。
A. model（款式，型号；模特）B. type（类型，种类，侧重总体分类）
C. kind（种类，侧重性质相似的群体） D. form（形式，形态，侧重外观或结构）
句中强调 “时装设计师设计的新款”，model 可表示 “（服装等的）款式、型号”，符合语境；故选 A。
3.The artist used a live ______ to paint the portrait.
A. model B. example C. sample D. pattern
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这位艺术家以真人模特为原型画肖像画。
A. model（模特，指供绘画、雕塑等参考的人或物） B. example（例子，侧重用于说明的实例）
C. sample（样本，侧重从整体中抽取的部分） D. pattern（图案，模式，侧重重复的样式）
句中 “画肖像画” 需要 “真人模特” 作为参考，model 有 “模特（供艺术创作参考）” 的含义，符合语境，故选 A。
要点11
familiar 形容词，意为 “熟悉的；熟知的；亲近的”
常用词组
be familiar with：（主语是人）熟悉……（指人对事物的了解）
be familiar to：（主语是事物）为…… 所熟悉（指事物被人了解）
She is familiar with this song because she listens to it every day.
她熟悉这首歌，因为她每天都听。
This old town is familiar to many tourists.
这个古镇为许多游客所熟悉。
Unfamiliar 形容词，意为 “陌生的；不熟悉的”，是 familiar 的反义词，同样常与介词 with 或 to 搭配，表达 “不了解” 的状态。
常用词组
be unfamiliar with：（主语是人）不熟悉……
be unfamiliar to：（主语是事物）不为…… 所熟悉
He is unfamiliar with the new software, so he needs help.
他不熟悉这个新软件，所以需要帮助。
This kind of bird is unfamiliar to most people.
这种鸟不为大多数人所熟悉。
Walking alone in an unfamiliar street made her a little nervous.
独自走在陌生的街道上，她有点紧张。
【典例分析】
1.She felt nervous in the ______ city, as she didn't know any streets or buildings.
A. familiar B. unfamiliar C. famous D. ordinary
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在这个陌生的城市里，她感到紧张，因为她不认识任何街道或建筑。
A. familiar（熟悉的，指对事物了解、熟悉） B. unfamiliar（陌生的，指对事物不了解、不熟悉）
C. famous（著名的，指因出名而被广泛知晓） D. ordinary（普通的，指平凡、不特别）
句中 “不认识任何街道或建筑” 暗示城市是 “陌生的”，unfamiliar 符合 “不熟悉” 的语境；故选 B。
2.The ______ words in the passage made it hard for her to understand the main idea.
A. simple B. common C. unfamiliar D. basic
【答案】C
【解析】句意：文章中那些不熟悉的单词使她很难理解主旨。
A. simple（简单的，指容易理解或处理） B. common（常见的，指经常出现、普遍存在）
C. unfamiliar（不熟悉的，指对事物没有印象或了解）D. basic（基本的，指构成基础的、根本的）
句中 “很难理解主旨” 的原因是 “单词不熟悉”，unfamiliar 能准确表达 “不认识的、不熟悉的” 含义，符合语境；其他选项均不会导致 “理解困难”，故选 C。
3.这种新型技术对大多数农民而言还不熟悉。
This new type of technology ______ ______ most farmers.
【答案】is unfamiliar to
4.他对这个城市的交通规则不熟悉，很容易迷路。
He ______ ______ ______ the traffic rules of this city and easily gets lost.
【答案】is unfamiliar with
要点12 feeling
1.feeling n. 意为“感觉; 直觉; 看法”。
拓展： feelings作名词, 还意为“情感; 感情”, 常用复数形式。
常用短语：hurt one’s feelings 伤害某人感情;
consider the feelings of… 考虑……的感情。
2.feel用作连系动词，意为“感到，感觉”，后跟sorry，tired，afraid，happy，excited等形容词。
I feel very tired today. 今天我感到非常累。
【典例分析】
1.I've lost all ________ in my legs.
A．head　 　 B．thought C．words D．feeling
【答案】D
【解析】我的腿失去感觉。
2.—How do you feel when you see these pictures
—Well, I have a strange ________.
A. skill B. feeling C. dream D. relationship
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。skill意为“技能”，feeling意为“感觉”，dream意为“梦；梦想”，relationship
意为“关系”，结合语境可知应选B。
3. —I got a ______ that the other classmates don't like me.
—It's not what you think. They are just too busy to talk with you.
A. feeling B. decision C. difficulty D. satisfaction
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我觉得其他同学不喜欢我。——不是你想象的那样，他们太忙了，没有时间和你交谈。A. feeling感觉；B. decision决定；C. difficulty困难；D. satisfaction满意。结合句意可知，答案为A。
要点 13 expect
（1）expect表示“期待，期望”，通常为及物动词，直接加宾语，还可接不定式的复合结构。例如：
We should not expect success overnight.
我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。
That's just what we expected. 那正是我们所期望的。
He expected her to go with him. 他期望她同他一起去。
（2）expect还可表示“预计，预料”等，后接动词时要用不定式，不用动名词。例如：
I expect a storm. 我预计会有场暴风雨来。
I expect that I will be back on Sunday. 我预计星期日回来。
I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没料到在这里碰到你。
（3）expect后可接 that 从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的前移。例如：
I don’t expect that he has done such a thing. 我预料他不会干出这种事来。
背例句学搭配
You can't expect to learn a foreign language in a week，你不能期望在一周内学会一门外语。
Jane expects her mother to come back early.的期待她的妈妈早回来。
We expect him to arrive today.我们预计他今天到达。
固定搭配
expect to do sth.期望做某事
②expect sb. to do sth期待某人做某事;预料某人做某事
【典例分析】
1. Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.　
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
【答案】A
【解析】expect (not)to do sth.期望(不)做某事。根据语境判断应该是期望获得奥斯卡奖。故选A.
2.—Waiter, there's a fly(苍蝇) swimming in my soup.
—So what do you me to do, call a lifeguard(救生员)
A. warn B. expect C. invite D. encourage
【答案】B
【解析】——服务员,在我的汤里有一只苍蝇在游。——那么你期望我做什么,给救生员打电话吗 warn"警告"；expect"期望";invite"邀请";encourage"鼓励"。B项符合语境。
3. I hope _______ I will succeed in getting the job.
A. that B. whether C. if D. how
【答案】从说话语气上看，hope用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语序。故答案选A
4.You are expected ________ a diary in English every day if you want to improve your writing skills.
A. keep B. kept
C. keeping D. to keep
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果你想要提高你的写作技巧，你应该每天用英语写日记。
考查非谓语或固定搭配。keep 动词原形；kept 动词过去式或过去分词；keeping 动名词或现在分词；to keep 动词不定式。be expected to do sth. “应该做某事，被期待做某事”。故选D。
5.不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
You can't_______________ a foreign language in a few months.
【答案】expect to learn
6 他期望她同他一起去。
He___________________ with him.
【答案】 expected her to go
7. 我预计星期日回来。
I__________ that I will be back on Sunday.
【答案】expected
要点14 yet
（1）yet作副词，意为“到此时，至今，还，尚未”，用于否定句中。例如：
We haven’t heard from him yet. 我们还没有收到他的来信。
I’m not yet sure if we could win. 我还没有把握确定我们是否能赢。
（2）作副词，意为“已经”，用于疑问句中。例如：
Is everything ready yet 一切准备就绪了吗？
Has the ship left yet 轮船已经离开了吗？
（3）作副词，意为“仍然，还是”，用于肯定句中。例如：
He’s yet a child. 他还是个孩子。
（4）作连词，意为“然而，可是”。例如：
You can draw a horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year, why
你能在五分钟之内画好一匹马，然而你却让我等了一年，为什么？
He trained hard all year, yet she didn’t win a prize in the competition.
他全年都艰苦训练，然而在竞赛中却没能获奖。
【拓展】
yet和already的辨析：
yet用于疑问句或否定句时，放在句末。例如：
Have you finished yet 你完成了吗？
He hasn’t done it yet. 他还没有干完呢。
already常用于肯定陈述句中，一般位于助动词之后，实义动词之前。例如：
The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。
【典例分析】
1.—Have you finished your homework _______
—Yes, I have _______ finished it.
A. just; just B. yet; just C. just; yet D. yet; yet
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你做完作业了吗？ — —是的，我刚做完。考查副词的词义辨析。根据题干：Have you finished your homework _______ ---Yes, I have finished it. ——你已经做完作业了吧？——是的，我刚做完。考查固定用法：现在完成时中，already和yet都可以表示"已经"的意思。两者区别主要如下：already用于肯定句，放在句中或句尾。yet用于否定句或疑问句中，放在句尾，因此第一个空填yet，排除A/C；根据答语I have _______ finished it. 可知，第二个空用just。表示“我刚做完。”故选B。
2.—Has Mike come ________
—Yes, he has ________ been here for 10 minutes.
yet; already B. already; yet C. yet; yet D. already; already
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——Mike已经来了吗？——是的，他已经到这儿十分钟了。
考查副词。yet 已经（用于否定句和疑问句中）；already 已经（用于肯定句中）。第一空在一般疑问句中，第二空在肯定句句中。故选A。
要点 15
accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)
You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物
receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. /
They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.
他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。
I received a letter from my mother.
我收到母亲的一封来信。
辨析：receive与accept
receive 接待；收到 指客观的收到 He received a letter from his friend. 他收到了朋友的来信。
accept 接受 指主观的接受 She accepted my gift. 她接受了我的礼物。
I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.
昨天我收到了他的聚会请束，但我拒绝接受。
【典例分析】
1. 昨天我收到了我朋友的来信。
I __________ my friend’s letter yesterday.
【答案】received。receive是动词，意为“收到”，强调客观收到。
2. 我接受你的建议。
I __________ your advice.
【答案】accepted。accept 是动词，意为“接受；答应”，表示主动而且高兴地接受，强调主观愿望
3.露西收到了他的礼物，但是她没有接受。
Lucy has ____________ his present, but she will not ____________it.
【答案】received accept
4. —Has Lucy ________ my invitation
—Yes, she has. But she can't ________ it because she will have to look after her grandpa that day.
A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive
【答案】C
【解析】句意：----露西收到我的请柬了吗？-------是的，她收到了。但她不能接受，因为那天她必须照顾她的爷爷。考查动词词义辨析。received收到，receive invitation：收到邀请；accept接受，accept invitation接受邀请。结合句意和语境可知选C。
5. He ____________ a present from his friend yesterday, and he_________ it gladly.
A．received; received B．accepted; accepted C．received; accepted D．accepted; received
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他昨天收到朋友送的礼物，很高兴地接受了。receive 动词，意为“收到”，强调客观上收到某物；accept动词，意为“接受”，强调主观上愿意接受。故选C。
6.用accept 和 receive 的适当形式填空
1）Please __________ this invitation to my birthday party.
2）她收到了他的礼物，但是她是不会接受的。
She has _______ his present, but she will not ________ it.
【答案】1）receive 2）received accept
要点16 experience
（1）experience 作名词的用法 (1)经历，阅历（可数）
I had a rather odd experience the other day.前些天我有一次相当神奇的经历。
Please tell us about your experience in Africa.请跟我们说说你在非洲的经历。
（2）经验 +of/in）（不可数）
She had no experience of life at all.她毫无生活经验。
不可数名词 意为“经验” He has rich experience in teaching. 他在教学上有丰富的经验。
可数名词 意为“经历” My uncle has many unusual experiences. 我的叔叔有许多不寻常的经历。
【典例分析】
1.他有许多教学经验。
He has _________ ________in English teaching.
【答案】much experience 经验不可数名词。
2.In April，the weather in some places in Shanxi was really changeable. People still remember they have four seasons in a week.（山西）
A. organized　 B. experienced　 C. described
【答案】此题用词义辨析法。organize “组织”； experience “经历”； describe “描述”。根据句意“在四月，山西一些地方的天气真是多变。人们仍然记得他们在一周内　　　　四个季节。”可知答案。
3.—Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.
—She said she would never forget some pleasant 　　 while working there.
A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. emotions
【答案】C。句意：张太太去年被派到一个贫穷的山村教英语。-她说她永远不会忘记在那里工作时的愉快经历。A. experiments 实验 B. expressions 表达，表情。 C. experiences 经历。这里可数名词。 D. emotions 情绪。通过句意，选C
4.Our journey by camel was _______.
A. a pleasant experience B. an experience pleasant
C. pleasant experience D. experience pleasant
【答案】A experience在这里作“经历”的意思。是可数名词。故答案选A。
5. My mother is a traveler with_______________, and she has some interesting _______________.
A. experience; experiences B. experience; experience
C. experiences; experience D. experiences; experiences
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我妈妈是一个很有经验的旅行者，她有一些有趣的经历。experience (由实践得来的)经验，不可数名词；(一次)经历或体验，可数名词。with短语作traveler修饰语，定语，即：有经验的旅行者，需用不可数名词experience，表抽象意义；后句she has some表示具体的经历，即：她有一些有趣的经历，需用可数名词experience的复数形式。故选A。
要点 17
be different from
Be different from 意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the same as 意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am 　　　　 them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A．the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
【答案】the same as“与……一样”；be different from“与……不同”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be angry with“生某人的气”，由句意可知选B。
2. We have the same amount of apples __________ they do.
A. from B. like C. as D. for
【答案】C
【解析】from意为“来自…”，like意为“像…”，为介词，其后接名词；as表示“像…”时是连词，引导方式状语从句，for表示“为了”，此处为“我们有和他们一样数量的苹果”。故选C。
3. —Are the pictures the same
—They are __________. Picture A is a little smaller than Picture B.
A. different B. different from C. the same D. the same as
【答案】A
【解析】根据下一句的“图A比图B小一点”可知，两幅图不一样。故选A。
4. The Earth is __________ the Sun in size.
A. like B. the same as C. different from D. look like
【答案】C
【解析】be different from意为“与…不同”，地球和太阳大小不用。故选C。
5.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I have ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ my brother.
【答案】the same short hair
6.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The color of his cloth __________ _________ __________ ________
【答案】is different from mine
要点18 a bit /a bit of的用法
(1) a bit of 意为“一点；小量”，后接不可数名词。a bit 意为“一点”，用于修饰动词、形容词和比较级。
【拓展】a little 也意为“一点”，可以直接修饰不可数名词、动词、形容词和比较级。例如：
我现在还有点时间。 I still have a bit of / a little time now.
你能把电视机关小声点吗？
Could you please turn down the TV a bit / a little
我觉得有点害怕。 I feel a bit / a little afraid.
Your bedroom is a little bit dirty. Please clean it up.你的卧室有点儿脏.请把它打扫干净.
Mike checked the papers a little bit carelessly, so he failed the exam again.
迈克在检查试卷的时候有点儿粗心,所以他考试又没有及格.
拓展 写法近似的短语表达:
含义 对应表达 用法
有点儿;稍微 a little, a bit, a little bit 修饰形容词或副词
少量;一些 a little, a bit of 修饰不可数名词
I'm a little/a bit/a little bit hungry.我有点儿饿.
Tom has a little/a bit of money.汤姆有一些钱.
【典例分析】
1.同义句转换,每空一词.
We kept walking for a long time, so we felt a little tired.
We kept walking for a long time, so we felt________ ________ tired.
【解析】 a little=a bit,意为“稍微;有点儿”.
【答案】 a bit
用a little, a bit或a bit of填空. （1-3题）
1.He feels ________________ better today.
【点拨】a little/a bit . a bit ; a little都可以用作程度副词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
2.She is ________________ tired.
【点拨】a little/ a bit a bit ; a little都可以用作程度副词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
3.There is ________________ milk in the bottle.
【点拨】a little/a bit of a bit ; a little都可以修饰不可数名词数量，而a bit必须与of连用。
4. Some people think the old man is ________ silly.
A. a kind of B. a little bit C. a bit of D. a lot of
【答案】B
【解析】句意：有些人认为这位老人有点傻。
考查副词短语。a kind of一种，后加名词；a little bit有点，后加形容词或副词；a bit of有点，后加名词；a lot of很多，后加名词。根据“silly”可知此处修饰形容词用a little bit。故选B。
5. There is only ________ water in the bottle.
A. a bit B. a little bit C. a bit of D. a few
【答案】C
【解析】句意：瓶子里只有一点儿水。
考查短语辨析。a bit一点，后接形容词或副词；a little bit一点点，后接形容词或副词；a bit of一点，后接不可数名词；a few一些，后接可数名词复数。根据“water”可知此处修饰不可数名词，用a bit of。故选C。
6. —What was the weather like yesterday
—It was _____ cold and windy.
A. a few B. a bit of C. a little bit D. a kind of
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——昨天的天气怎么样？——有点冷也刮风。
考查不定代词辨析。a few一些，后加可数名词复数；a bit of一点，修饰不可数名词；a little bit一点，修饰形容词； a kind of一种，修饰可数名词单数形式。根据句中“cold and windy”可知是形容词，需用a little bit修饰。故选C。
要点 19 deal
deal with动词短语，意为 “处理；对付；涉及；与…… 打交道”
We need to deal with this problem immediately. 我们需要立即处理这个问题。
The manager will deal with the customer’s complaint tomorrow.
经理明天会处理顾客的投诉。
She is good at dealing with difficult people. 她善于对付难相处的人。
How do you deal with stress in your job 你在工作中如何应对压力？
【辨析】deal with 与do with 处理
deal with“处理”常与 how 连用，侧重于解决问题，强调处理问题的方法。
例：How do you deal with these new problems
（2）do with“处理”一般与 what 搭配使用，侧重于对某物的利用。
例：What do you do with your camera
How will you deal with the old furniture
你会如何处理这些旧家具？（强调 “处理方式”）
What will you do with the old furniture
你会把这些旧家具怎么处理？（强调 “处理结果 / 用途”）
The new policy deals with air pollution.
新政策涉及空气污染问题。（强调 “论述 / 应对”）
What can we do with this leftover food
这些剩菜我们能怎么处理？（强调 “用途 / 处理方式”）
拓展
deal的用法。
（1）作为名词，意为“协议”。
常用于以下表达中：
make a deal with sb. 意为“和某人达成协议”
It’s/That’s a deal.意为“一言为定”，口语中也可直接说deal.
big deal是英语中的一个固定搭配，表示 “重要的事情或状况”，多用于非正式交流。作否定用法时，常说It's not a big deal.或It's no big deal.表示说话人并不认为某事有什么了不起。
（2）作为动词，意为“对待；处理;应付”。常用于deal with，意为“对付；处理；对待”，相当于do with, solve等。
【典例分析】
1.在经过长时间的讨论之后，我们最终和他达成了协议。
We finally ________ ________ _________ _________him after a long discussion.
【答案】made a deal with
2.你知道怎么解决这个问题吗？
Do you know________ ________ _________ _______ the problem
【答案】how to deal with
3.你扫地，我来擦窗户。
一言为定。
-You sweep the floor and I clean the window. __________ __________ ________
【答案】That’s a deal
4. —We’ve been trying hard, but can’t solve the problem.
—I think you can ________ it in another way
A. share with B. deal with C. keep up with D. point out with
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-我们一直在努力，但是还是没有解决这个问题。-我想你们可以用另外一种方式来对待它。share with 和某人一起分享；deal with 处理，对待；keep up with 赶上，追上；point out 指出。根据对话的意思可知选B。
5.It took me almost a whole day to 　　 so many emails.
A.do with B. cut in C. cheer for D. run out
【答案】A　
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。do with “处置;对付”;cut in “插嘴”;cheer for “为……喝彩”;run out “用完;耗尽”。由空格后的so many emails 可知应用 “处理”与之搭配。故选A。
要点20 depend/ independent/ independence
1)depend v.视……而定；决定(于)
Whether we start or not depends on the weather.
我们是否开始取决于天气。
2)常用短语depend on意为“依靠”，后接名词或代词，它的主语可以是人也可以是物，但含义不同。
人＋depend(s) on(依靠)；物＋depend(s) on(视……而定)。
The old man depends on his son. 那位老人依靠他的儿子。
Our plan depends on time. 我们的计划取决于时间。
拓展
that depends＝it all depends 那得看情况
independence (u) 独立 --- dependence 依靠
independent adj. 独立的 ---dependent 依靠的
independently adv.独立地 ---dependently 依赖地
【典例分析】
1. —Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow
—Well, it all the weather.
A. gets on B. puts on C. tries on D. depends on
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我们明天去野餐好吗？——哦，这得看天气。A. gets on上车；B. puts on穿上；C. tries on试穿；D. depends on取决于。结合本题语境可知，D选项符合题意，故答案选D。
2.—What do you think of the young people today
—They ________ their parents too much. They should stand on their own feet.
A. help with B. depend on C. live on D. agree with
【答案】B
【解析】 help with 帮忙; depend on依靠; live on以……为食; agree with同意。根据“They should stand on their own feet. 他们应该自力更生”可知“他们太依赖父母了”, 故选B。
3.We're going to take a trip to Nanjing next week, but that ______ the weather.
A. tries on B. depends on C. looks up D. picks up
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：我们下周打算去南京旅行，但是那取决于天气。A试穿，B依靠，取决于，C向上看，查阅，D捡起，接。故选B。
4. —How can you be ________ without needing help or advice from other people.
—I believe myself I’m able to do things alone in my own way.
A. independent B. strong C. necessary D. different
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——如果不需要别人的帮助或建议，你怎么能独立呢？——我相信我自己，我可以用自己的方式独自完成事情。
考查形容词辨析。independent独立的；strong强壮的；necessary有必要的；different不同的。根据“I believe myself I’m able to do things alone in my own way.”可知，此处表达的是“独立”。故选A。
要点 21
feel unhappy about
动词短语，意为 “对…… 感到不高兴、不满意” 例句
She feels unhappy about the result of the competition.
她对比赛结果感到不高兴。
They feel unhappy about his rude behavior.
他们对他粗鲁的行为感到不满。
He feels unhappy about working overtime every weekend.
他对每个周末都要加班感到不高兴。
【典例分析】
1.他对自己在比赛中的表现感到满意。
He ______ ______ ______ his performance in the competition.
2.玛丽对这个突然的决定感到开心。
Mary ______ ______ ______ the sudden decision.
【答案 】1.feels unhappy about 2.feels unhappy about
知识要点二、语法
构成
现在完成时是由“助动词have(has）+动词的过去分词”构成
用法
（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在产生了某种影响或造成了某种结果。句中常有just, already, yet等副词修饰。(注意与一般过去时的区别)
Have you had lunch yet
你已经吃过午饭了吗？
Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.
是的，我刚刚吃过。
（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，也可能仍然在进行。句中常有for（+时间段）或since（+时间点）引导的表示时间的状语。（注意与现在进行时态和过去进行时态的区别）
He has taught here since 1981.
表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历，一般意为汉语“.......过”，常带有twice, ever, never，three times等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
just 刚刚 肯定句，have/has 后
never 从来没有 否定句，have/has 后
ever 曾经 疑问句，have/has +主语+ever+过去分词
before 用于句末
yet 仍然 用于疑问句，否定句句末，或not之后
already 已经 肯定句，have/has 后或句末
so far 到目前为止 句首或句末
【语法练习】
用just, already, yet, ever填空。
Have you been to Japan
I have finished my homework.
I have finished my homework .
I haven’t finished my homework .
【答案】1.ever 2.already /just 3.already 4.yet
二、选择题
1.—Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!
—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.
A. has been over B. was over C. has finished D. finished
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我想看我们学校的新闻。请换频道！——真遗憾！现在是八点钟。它已经结束一段时间了。
考查动词时态。has been over已经结束了，现在完成时；was over结束了，一般过去时；has finished已经结束了，现在完成时；finished结束，一般过去时。根据语境可知，学校新闻已经结束了，这件事对“现在不能观看了”产生了影响，故应为现在完成时，故排除B、D两项。另句中for a while表示一段时间，与现在完成时连用时，应用延续性动词，而动词finish为瞬时性动词，不能在现在完成时中与一段时间连用，故排除C项。be over表示延续性动作，可在现在完成时中与时间段连用，即has been over。故选A。
2.—It's ten years since we came here
—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.
A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked
【答案】D
【解析】句意：-自从我们来到这里已经有10年了。-时间过得真快啊！我们在中国工作了这么长时间了。work工作，动词原形；worked工作，一般过去时；will work一般将来时；have worked现在完成时。根据对话的情景以及句中的时间状语for so long可知，这里表示从过去一直持续到现在的一个动作，应用现在完成时，故选D。
3 — The room is very clean. Who __________
A. cleaned B. have cleaned C. has cleaned D. will clean
【答案】C
【解析】现在完成时的基本用法：表示过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。“房间很干净，”这是现在的结果。是由“clean”这个动作产生的。Clean 这个动作是过去发生的，但结果是现在房间是干净的。所以要用现在完成时态。考查现在完成时最基本的定义。Who 做主语，用单数。
4. Have you ever _________to the Great Wall It’s very beautiful.
A. gone B. been C. went D. go
【答案】B
【解析】have been to 去过某地， have gone to 去了某地。（不再说话的地方）故用：have gone to
三、完成句子
1.— 杰克已经买了新手机吗？(yet)
— 没，他还没买新手机。(yet)
【答案】 Has Jack bought a new mobile phone yet
No. He hasn’t bought a new one yet.
2. 你曾参观过博物馆吗 (ever)
— 没，我没有。我从未参观过博物馆。(never)
【答案】Have you ever visited the museum yet
No, I haven’t. I have never visited the museum.
3. — 你曾在图书馆借过书没有？(ever)
— 有啊，我借过。我已借了三次了。(already)
【答案】Have you ever borrowed books from your library
Yes, I have. I have ever borrowed books 3 times.
4.他已经找到他的自行车了。
【答案】 He has already found his bicycle.
5. 你曾经去过北京吗？
【答案】 Have you ever been to Beijing
知识要点三、书面表达
【话题分析】
写交换访学后的感谢信
　本单元我们阅读关于学生在北京交换访学的 在线报道。听力听取了关于交换访学所做的事情，谈论交换访学的所带来的好处。本单元写作要求我们写出一封在北京交换访学的感谢信，在写作中要运用本单元的目标言语。运用一般现在时进行表述：
一，开头：明确写感谢信的目的。（感谢寄宿家庭在游学期间的照顾）。
二，中间：描述要感谢的事和描述回国后的生活和感受。（讲述旅行中最喜欢的经历，再阐述学到的知识，注意每个部分都举例说明，让内容更丰富真实。 简单提及回国后和寄宿家庭相关的事，如跟朋友分享游学经历，想念寄宿家庭的某样事物等。）
三，结尾：真诚地送上对寄宿家庭的祝福，表达保持联系或期待他们来访的愿望，最后署名。
Basic structure of how to write a thank-you email
【短语积累】
1.结交新朋友___________________
2.学习一门新语言___________________
3.享受不同种类的食物___________________
4.住在寄宿家庭___________________
5.参观名胜古迹___________________
6.学习当地风俗或文化___________________
7.在当地学校学习___________________
8.去交换旅行___________________
9.对…好奇___________________
10.对……感到兴奋___________________
11.与某人保持联系___________________
12.难忘的经历___________________
13.感激___________________
14.住在寄宿家庭___________________
15.介绍___________________
16.了解不同的生活方式___________________
17.亲自___________________
18.去旅游___________________
19.不同于___________________
20.有宾至如归的感觉___________________
【答案】1.make new friends 2.learn a new language 3.enjoy different kinds of food 4.stay with a host family
5.visit places of interest 6.learn local customs or culture 7.study at a local school 8.go on the exchange trip
9.be crurious about 10. be excited about 11.keep in touch with sb. 12.an unforgettable experience 13.be grateful for 14. stay with a host family 15. introduce …to 16.learn about different ways of life 17. in person 18. go on tours 19.be different from 20. feel at home
【句式积累】
1.这次交换旅行无疑是我一生中最棒的经历之一。
The exchange trip was definitely one of the best experiences in my life.
2.和当地家庭住在一起，还交到了新朋友，这让这次旅行棒极了。
Staying with a local family and making new friends made the trip fantastic.
3.我真的很感激他们让我住在他们家。
I’m really grateful that they let me stay in their home.
4.他们和寄宿家庭一起去北京各地旅游，参观名胜古迹
They go on tours with their host families around Beijing and visit places of interest
5. 我计划回家后和他们保持联系
I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home.
6.交流旅行可以帮助来自不同国家的学生更好地相互了解。
Exchange trips can help students from different countries understand each other better.
7. 我向我的新朋友保证，我们会通过电子邮件保持联系。
I promised my new friends that we would keep in touch through emails.
8.毫无疑问，这次旅行帮助我更好地了解了他们的文化，也开阔了我的眼界。
No doubt, this trip helped me understand their culture better and opened my eyes.
9.我写这封信是为了感谢你在我北京游学期间对我的照顾。
I'm writing this letter to show my gratitude to you for taking care of me during my study tour in Beijing.
10. 我已经把我们走过的有趣的北京胡同都告诉了我的朋友。
I have told my friends all about the interesting Beijing hutongs we walked through.
【实战演练1】
上月Frank来中国北京交换访学，在北京寄宿家庭中李先生家呆了两个星期，他深刻感受了寄宿家庭对他的关心和照顾，在北京二周中，他参加各种各样的活动，参观北京地区的名胜古迹，品尝当地的美食，了解不少的中国传统和文化，也交了中国朋友，他特别感谢李先生和夫人给他的关爱。假如你是Frank，请向他的寄宿家庭写一封感谢信，表达他的感谢之情。
To ：Mr. Li and Mrs. Li
Subject: Thank you
Dear Mr and Mrs Li,
__________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours, Frank
Dear Mr. Li and Mrs. Li,
How are you I hope you are well. I’m writing to thank you for taking such good care of me during my stay in Beijing. Now that I’m back in London, I keep thinking about all the great times we had together.
It was so kind of you to welcome me into your home. I am grateful that you showed me so much of Beijing—like the day we visited the Great Wall. I still remember how you told me stories about its history while we walked. It has been a fantastic experience to learn about Chinese culture, too, especially when we made dumplings together. That’s the thing I enjoyed most—sharing meals and laughing with you all.
Since I returned to London, I have told my friends all about my trip. They were amazed by the photos of the Forbidden City and wanted to know more about Chinese traditions. The thing I miss most is your home-cooked noodles—they were delicious!
I do hope that one day you can visit London. I would love to show you around my city, just like you did for me. Keep in touch!
Best wishes to you all,
Yours,
Frank
【实战演练2】
假设你校在5月10日至15日接待了十位来自新西兰的交换生（exchange student）。他们学习并体验了多项中国传统文化，游览了当地风景名胜，也融入了校园生活。请你为校英文报写一篇90词左右的新闻报道。
提示信息：制作风筝 放风筝 参观当地景点 参加校园食品节 品茶 逛博物馆 上体育课
要求：
1. 文稿须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
2. 条理清楚，意思连贯，语句通顺，标点正确；
3. 90词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
A total of 10 exchange students from New Zealand enjoyed different cultural activities during their visit to our school from May 10 to 15. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文：
A total of 10 exchange students from New Zealand enjoyed different cultural activities during their visit to our school from May 10 to 15.
The students joined a kite-making club and learned to make colorful kites and flew them in the sky. They took part in the Food Festival and enjoyed many different kinds of food. They also experienced the traditional Chinese tea arts and visited some places of interest. On May 12, they visited a local museum. They were surprised at the rich history of the city.
During their stay, the students took PE classes in our school and worked hard to learn Chinese.
Through these activities, they knew better about Chinese culture and school life in China. Many of them said they loved China and wanted to visit China again.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为一般过去时；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，具体介绍交换生参加的活动内容；
第二步，介绍从活动中获得的收获。
[亮点词汇]
①take part in参加，参与
②different kinds of不同种类的
③places of interest名胜古迹
[高分句型]
①Many of them said they loved China and wanted to visit China again.（宾语从句）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip
单元小结
知识目录
学习目标：本单元学习关于游学的相关知识，游学的常见活动，游学的好处，学习与游学相关的词汇和短语，读懂难度相当的文章，学习引用别人的话观点来阐述自己的观点。
语法目标：现在完成时的用法。
听说目标：能听懂关于苏梅游学经历的对话。谈论旅游访学的活动内容及其好处。
写作目标：能够写出交流访学后给寄宿家庭的一封感谢信。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 重点短语 练习
要点2 重点句式 练习
要点3 构词法 练习
【精讲精练】
要点1 exchange的用法 练习
要点2 tour的用法 练习
要点3 in person的用法 练习
要点4 get to do sth.的用法 练习
要点5 introduce的用法 练习
要点6 as well, also，too和either的用法 练习
要点7 lonely/alone的用法 练习
要点8 keep in touch with的用法 练习
要点9 anxious的用法 练习
要点10 model的用法 练习
要点11 familiar/unfamiliar的用法 练习
要点12 feeling用法 练习
要点13 expect的用法 练习
要点14 yet/already的用法 练习
要点15. accept/receive的用法 练习
要点16 experience的用法 练习
要点17 be different from的用法 练习
要点18 a bit/a bit of/a little的用法 练习
要点19 deal/deal with的用法 练习
要点20 independent/dependent的用法 练习
要点21 feel unhappy with的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点 现在完成时态 19
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 21
要点2 词汇短语积累 22
要点3句式积累 22
要点4实战演练 23
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
【重点短语】
1.一组 / 一群 A group of
2.去旅游 go on tours
3.名胜古迹 places of interest
4.一次难忘的经历 an unforgettable experience
5.亲自 in person
6.目前为止 so far
7.毫无疑问 no doubt
8.稍微、有点 a bit of
9.蜿蜒而行 snake its way through
10.使某人初步了解 introduce sb. to sth.
11.继续努力 keep trying
12.不同于 be different from
13.慢慢尝试 get to try
14.与某人保持联系 keep in touch with sb.
15.过来 come over to
16.某人迫不及待 sb. can't wait
17.感到困惑、奇怪或焦虑 feel confused, strange or anxious
18.出于不同的原因 for different reasons
19.被称为 be known as
20.文化适应模式 the model of cultural adjustment
21.对生活感到不满 feel unhappy about life
22.体验新的文化冲击 experience a new culture shock
23.处理 deal with
24.感觉很新鲜 feels all that new
25.有宾至如归的感觉 feel at home
26.逆向文化冲击 reverse culture shock
【重点句式】
1. I’m really grateful that they let me stay in their home. I love Chinese food and enjoy every meal I have with my host family. 我真的很感激他们让我住在他们家。我喜欢中国菜，喜欢和寄宿家庭一起吃的每一顿饭。
2.At the weekend, they go on tours with their host families around Beijing and visit places of interest
周末，他们和寄宿家庭一起去北京各地旅游，参观名胜古迹
3.“It's been a fantastic experience so far” says Eric. “I've learnt a bit of tai chi”
“到目前为止，这是一次很棒的经历，”埃里克说。“我学了一点太极”
4. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well.
老师们也让我们初次了解了中国国画。
5. I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home.
我计划回家后和他们保持联系
6.Well see one another soon because they’ll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I can't wait!
我们很快就会见面，因为他们下个月会来英国进行第二部分的交流。我等不及了！
7. If you travel to a foreign country, you may feel confused, strange or anxious.
如果你去国外旅行，你可能会感到困惑、奇怪或焦虑。
8.After a while, you begin to feel unhappy about life in the new country.
过了一段时间，你开始对在新国家的生活感到不满。
9.You start to accept the local culture, and you also learn how to deal with the things you do not like.
你开始接受当地文化，并且也学会了如何处理你不喜欢的事情
10. You finally begin to feel at home in the new culture
你最终开始在新文化中感到舒适自如
11.In my opinion, exchange trips can help students from different countries understand each other better.
在我看来，交流旅行可以帮助来自不同国家的学生更好地相互了解。
12.When they stay with a host family and meet local people, they get to learn about different ways of life.
当他们住在寄宿家庭并与当地人见面时，他们可以了解不同的生活方式。
13.They can practise another language every day. Talking with others in real life makes their language skills better
他们可以每天练习另一种语言。在现实生活中与他人交谈可以提高他们的语言技能
14.I'm writing this letter to show my gratitude to you for taking care of me during my study tour in Beijing.
我写这封信是为了感谢你在我北京游学期间对我的照顾。
15. I've learned a lot about Chinese family values during my stay with you. I feel like part of the family.
在你们这里，我学到了很多关于中国家庭价值观的知识。我觉得自己是家庭的一员。
【构词法】
我们可以在一些形容词的末尾加上后缀来组成名词。后缀-ness表示存在的质量或状态。
happy —happiness sick —— sickness
kind —— kindness dark —— darkness
sad——sadness ill —— illness
good——goodness weak ——weakness
soft——softness quick——quickness
【精讲精练】
要点1 exchange
一、作动词，意为“交换”，引申可表示“交流”经验、思想等。例如：
The two girls always exchanged Christmas gifts.
两个女孩经常交换圣诞礼物。
We shall have opportunity to exchange views tomorrow.
我们明天有机会交换看法。
（2）exchange作及物动词时，其宾语后常接介词for，表示“以……换取”；接介词with表示“与某人交换(某物)/与某人交流（想法等）”。
例如：
I’d like to exchange a watch for a camera.
我想用表换相机。
Would you like to exchange places with me
你愿意跟我换一下地方吗
二、作名词 (n.) 表示 交换、互换 交换学生 / 项目
There was an exchange of greetings before the meeting.会议前双方互致问候。
We had a frank exchange of views on the issue.我们就这个问题坦诚地交换了意见。
She went to France as part of a student exchange.她作为交换学生去了法国。
【典例分析】
1.Where can I e______ my RMB for US dollars （完成单词）
2.他们在会议上交换了关于环保的看法。
They ______ ______ on environmental protection at the meeting.
3. We need to ______ our ideas to find a better solution.
A. change B. exchange C. replace D. turn
要点 2
tour 可作名词和动词， “旅行、游览”
一、作名词 意为 “旅行；游览；巡回演出 / 访问”，指带有明确目的（如观光、演出等）的行程，
We had a wonderful tour of the city.我们进行了一次愉快的城市游览。
The band will start their national tour next month.
这支乐队下个月将开始全国巡回演出。
二、作动词 “游览；巡回演出 / 访问”，
They toured around Japan last summer.去年夏天他们游览了日本。
We toured the museum yesterday.我们昨天游览了博物馆。
常用句式与搭配
go on tours (a tour)(of...)
意为 “去（某地）旅行 / 游览”。
We plan to go on a tour of the countryside.我们计划去乡村旅行。
辨析tour, journey ,trip ,travel
tour是类似周游、观光旅游的旅行，
比如tour of London, tour of World，一般短语就是on the tour of some place.
journey是着重于行程时间比较长的旅行，较正式，
比如我们在飞机上常常看到Wish you have a good
journey. ；另外journey还强调抽象的“旅程”的意思，比如: Life is a journey.
trip是有目的性的旅行，强调“短期旅行”，但实际上口语上trip和journey是可以互换的。
travel的意思就很广泛了，算是一个总称，着重于“离开居住地去其他地方作短途旅行”。
一句话总结
tour：多地游览，有明确目的（如观光、演出）；
journey：长途旅程，侧重距离和过程；
trip：短途出行，有具体目的（如出差、度假）；
travel：泛指旅行行为或经历（动词），或抽象的旅行概念（名词）。
1.We went on a tour of the ancient temples.
我们游览了那些古寺。—— 多地参观
2.The journey from Beijing to Shanghai took 5 hours.
北京到上海的行程花了 5 小时。—— 长途过程
3.I’m planning a weekend trip to the mountains.
我计划周末去山里玩。—— 短途出行
4.She loves travel and has been to 20 countries.
她热爱旅行，去过20个国家。—— 抽象概念
【典例分析】
1.The art exhibition will start a ______ of five major cities next month.
A. journey B. tour C. trip D. travel
2. My parents love ______ and have been to all continents except Antarctica.
A. tour B. journey C. trip D. travel
3.She had to cancel her business ______ to Shanghai because of the bad weather.
A. tour B. trip C. journey D. travel
4. After a long ______ across the desert, they finally reached the oasis.
A. tour B. trip C. journey D. travel
要点3
in person 的用法
in person 是介词短语，意为 “亲自；当面”，强调 “本人直接参与”，而非通过电话、网络、信件等间接方式。其用法主要如下：
She decided to deliver the message in person.她决定亲自去传达这个消息。
The manager will meet you in person tomorrow.经理明天会亲自见你。
The singer was there in person—what a surprise!
那位歌手亲自到场了 —— 太惊喜了！
It’s better to be in person at the meeting if you can.
如果可以，最好亲自出席会议。
【典例分析】
1.You need to sign the document ______; electronic signatures are not accepted here.
A. in public B. in person C. in advance D. in return
2.如果你不能亲自来，可以派代表出席。
If you can't come ______ ______, you can send a representative.
要点 4
get to do sth 是常见的动词短语， “有机会做某事；逐渐做某事；终于做某事”。
She finally got to meet her favorite singer.
她终于有机会见到了她最喜欢的歌手。
get to do sth 是常见的动词短语， “有机会做某事；逐渐做某事；终于做某事”。
She finally got to meet her favorite singer.
她终于有机会见到了她最喜欢的歌手。
【典例分析】
1.经过练习，我们逐渐学会了如何使用这个软件。
With practice, we ______ ______ ______ how to use this software.
2.他年纪大了，慢慢开始喜欢安静的活动。
As he grows older, he ______ ______ ______ quiet activities.
3.孩子们会逐渐适应新的学校生活的。
The children will ______ ______ ______ to the new school life.
要点5 introduce
表示 “介绍（人或事物）”
introduce A to B：把 A 介绍给 B（A 可以是人或事物）。
Let me introduce my sister to you.让我把我妹妹介绍给你。
The teacher introduced a new method to the class.老师向全班介绍了一种新方法。
表示 “初次经历；使初次接触” 强调让某人首次接触或体验某事。
The course aims to introduce students to classic literature.这门课旨在让学生初次接触古典文学。
introduction是名词，含义为 “介绍；引言；引入”，
After a brief introduction, we started the meeting.简短介绍后，我们开始了会议。
The introduction of the book explains its main purpose.
这本书的引言说明了其主要目的。
【典例分析】
1.The first chapter of the book is a brief ______ to the author's life.
A. introduction B. description C. explanation D. instruction
2.The book ______ the history of ancient China in a simple way.
A. introduces B. describes C. explains D. talks
3.这位教授将初步向学生们介绍最新的研究方法。
The professor will ______ the students ______ the latest research methods.
要点 6
as well 和also均意为“也”，too和either也有“也”的意思，注意它们的用法和区别：
(1) as well 用于肯定句，常用于口语中，通常位于句末，与前面的句子一般不用逗号分开；
(2) also 用于肯定句，通常位于be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前；
(3) too 用于肯定句，比also 更通俗，一般放在句末，可用逗号与前面的句子分开；
(4) either 用于否定句，而且只能放在句末。
例如：
这事我也能做。I can also do it.= I can do it(,) too.= I can do it as well.
这事我也做不了。I can’t do it either.
【典例分析】
1.She likes playing the piano, and she ______ enjoys painting.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
2.I don't like spicy food, and my sister doesn't ______.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
3.He can speak French, and he can speak Spanish ______.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
4.They went to the park yesterday, and we went there， ______.
A. as well B. also C. either D. too
要点 7：lonely
lonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，带有较强感彩，可用作表语或定语；表示“荒凉的，偏僻的”，用来说明地方，多用作定语。例如：
When his wife died, he was very lonely.
太太死后他非常孤独。
The old man lived in the lonely mountain village.
那个老人住在荒凉的山村。
【拓展】lonely与alone的辨析：
lonely作形容词，意为“（人）孤单的，寂寞的”，它更强调一种主观的感觉；alone作形容词和副词，意为“独自的（地），单独的（地）”，它更强调一种客观情况。alone作形容词，在句中只用作表语。例如：
Don’t leave me alone. I will feel lonely.
别留下我一个人，我会觉得孤单的。
区分 alone 与 lonely
alone 形容词和副词 强调客观上“独自一人”，不带有感彩。作形容词时不可作定语。
lonely 形容词 强调情感上“孤独的；寂寞的”，可作定语和表语。 还可意为“偏僻的”，只作定语。
【典例分析】
1. His grandparents live ________ in a small house, but they don't feel ________.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
2.Nowadays many old people stay at home ________, so they often feel ________.
A. lonely, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, lonely D. alone, alone
3.When you feel hopeless and________，just remember you are not________ in the world.
A．alone；alone B．lonely；lonely
C．lonely；alone D．alone；lonely
4. 用alone，lonely填空
(1) We should do our homework ________.
(2) The poor boy is________ and has no friends.
(3) It is not convenient to live in a(n) ________ area.
(4) I don’t feel ________though I am________ in a strange city.
(5)The old man lives in a __________place __________. He feels _________ because he doesn’t have any sons or daughters.
要点 8
keep in touch with 是固定短语，意为 “与…… 保持联系”
She still keeps in touch with her high school classmates.她仍与高中同学保持联系。
keep in touch with + 事物（表示了解某事物的最新情况）
It’s important to keep in touch with the latest technology.了解最新科技很重要。
口语中可简化为 keep in touch（省略 with 的宾语，语境明确时使用）。
We’ll keep in touch after you move to London.你搬到伦敦后，我们要保持联系。
stay in touch with=keep in touch with 完全一致，更强调 “持续保持” 的状态。
keep contact with 较正式，侧重 “通过某种方式维持接触”。
The organization keeps contact with international partners regularly.
该组织定期与国际合作伙伴保持联系。
【典例分析】
1.We should ______ our old friends even if we are busy with work.
A. keep up with B. keep in touch with C. get along with D. catch up with
2.Nowadays, people can ______ each other easily through social media.
A. keep in touch with B. make friends with C. have fun with D. work together with
3.毕业后，他们通过电子邮件彼此保持联系已经五年了。
They have ______ ______ ______ _________each other by email for five years since graduation.
要点9
anxious 意为 “焦虑的、担忧的；渴望的”
常用词组
be anxious about：为…… 担忧
be anxious to do sth.：渴望做某事
be anxious for sth.：渴望得到某物
anxiety：名词，意为 “焦虑、担忧”
She is anxious about her son’s safety.
她为儿子的安全感到担忧。
We are anxious to know the result of the exam.
我们迫切想知道考试结果。
The parents were anxious for their children’s return.
父母渴望孩子们回来。
His anxiety made him unable to sleep.（同根词 anxiety）
【典例分析】
1.She felt ______ about her son's safety when he didn't come home on time.
A. happy B. anxious C. excited D. relaxed
2.The students were ______ to know the results of the exam.
A. anxious B. afraid C. angry D. asleep
3.She was a______ about the safety of her little daughter who was out alone.
4.His constant __________ （anxious） about the exam made it hard for him to focus on studying.
要点 10
model （n.）意为 “模型；模范；模特；型号”
He built a model of a plane with wood. 他用木头做了一个飞机模型。
She is a model student in our class. 她是我们班的模范学生。
He wants to be a model when he grows up. 他长大后想当一名模特。
This is the latest model of the phone. 这是这款手机的最新型号。
作动词（v.）意为 “做模型；模仿；以…… 为榜样”。
The children are modeling a castle with clay. 年轻人经常模仿他们的偶像。
She models her teaching methods on a famous teacher.
她效仿一位名师的教学方法。
【典例分析】
1.The young actress has become a role m______ for many teenagers because of her kindness and hard work.
2.This dress is a new ______ designed by a famous fashion designer.
A. model B. type C. kind D. form
3.The artist used a live ______ to paint the portrait.
A. model B. example C. sample D. pattern
要点11
familiar 形容词，意为 “熟悉的；熟知的；亲近的”
常用词组
be familiar with：（主语是人）熟悉……（指人对事物的了解）
be familiar to：（主语是事物）为…… 所熟悉（指事物被人了解）
She is familiar with this song because she listens to it every day.
她熟悉这首歌，因为她每天都听。
This old town is familiar to many tourists.
这个古镇为许多游客所熟悉。
Unfamiliar 形容词，意为 “陌生的；不熟悉的”，是 familiar 的反义词，同样常与介词 with 或 to 搭配，表达 “不了解” 的状态。
常用词组
be unfamiliar with：（主语是人）不熟悉……
be unfamiliar to：（主语是事物）不为…… 所熟悉
He is unfamiliar with the new software, so he needs help.
他不熟悉这个新软件，所以需要帮助。
This kind of bird is unfamiliar to most people.
这种鸟不为大多数人所熟悉。
Walking alone in an unfamiliar street made her a little nervous.
独自走在陌生的街道上，她有点紧张。
【典例分析】
1.She felt nervous in the ______ city, as she didn't know any streets or buildings.
A. familiar B. unfamiliar C. famous D. ordinary
2.The ______ words in the passage made it hard for her to understand the main idea.
A. simple B. common C. unfamiliar D. basic
3.这种新型技术对大多数农民而言还不熟悉。
This new type of technology ______ ______ most farmers.
4.他对这个城市的交通规则不熟悉，很容易迷路。
He ______ ______ ______ the traffic rules of this city and easily gets lost.
要点12 feeling
1.feeling n. 意为“感觉; 直觉; 看法”。
拓展： feelings作名词, 还意为“情感; 感情”, 常用复数形式。
常用短语：hurt one’s feelings 伤害某人感情;
consider the feelings of… 考虑……的感情。
2.feel用作连系动词，意为“感到，感觉”，后跟sorry，tired，afraid，happy，excited等形容词。
I feel very tired today. 今天我感到非常累。
【典例分析】
1.I've lost all ________ in my legs.
A．head　 　 B．thought C．words D．feeling
2.—How do you feel when you see these pictures
—Well, I have a strange ________.
A. skill B. feeling C. dream D. relationship
3. —I got a ______ that the other classmates don't like me.
—It's not what you think. They are just too busy to talk with you.
A. feeling B. decision C. difficulty D. satisfaction
要点 13 expect
（1）expect表示“期待，期望”，通常为及物动词，直接加宾语，还可接不定式的复合结构。例如：
We should not expect success overnight.
我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。
That's just what we expected. 那正是我们所期望的。
He expected her to go with him. 他期望她同他一起去。
（2）expect还可表示“预计，预料”等，后接动词时要用不定式，不用动名词。例如：
I expect a storm. 我预计会有场暴风雨来。
I expect that I will be back on Sunday. 我预计星期日回来。
I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没料到在这里碰到你。
（3）expect后可接 that 从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的前移。例如：
I don’t expect that he has done such a thing. 我预料他不会干出这种事来。
背例句学搭配
You can't expect to learn a foreign language in a week，你不能期望在一周内学会一门外语。
Jane expects her mother to come back early.的期待她的妈妈早回来。
We expect him to arrive today.我们预计他今天到达。
固定搭配
expect to do sth.期望做某事
②expect sb. to do sth期待某人做某事;预料某人做某事
【典例分析】
1. Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.　
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
2.—Waiter, there's a fly(苍蝇) swimming in my soup.
—So what do you me to do, call a lifeguard(救生员)
A. warn B. expect C. invite D. encourage
3. I hope _______ I will succeed in getting the job.
A. that B. whether C. if D. how
4.You are expected ________ a diary in English every day if you want to improve your writing skills.
A. keep B. kept
C. keeping D. to keep
5.不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
You can't_______________ a foreign language in a few months.
6 他期望她同他一起去。
He___________________ with him.
7. 我预计星期日回来。
I__________ that I will be back on Sunday.
要点14 yet
（1）yet作副词，意为“到此时，至今，还，尚未”，用于否定句中。例如：
We haven’t heard from him yet. 我们还没有收到他的来信。
I’m not yet sure if we could win. 我还没有把握确定我们是否能赢。
（2）作副词，意为“已经”，用于疑问句中。例如：
Is everything ready yet 一切准备就绪了吗？
Has the ship left yet 轮船已经离开了吗？
（3）作副词，意为“仍然，还是”，用于肯定句中。例如：
He’s yet a child. 他还是个孩子。
（4）作连词，意为“然而，可是”。例如：
You can draw a horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year, why
你能在五分钟之内画好一匹马，然而你却让我等了一年，为什么？
He trained hard all year, yet she didn’t win a prize in the competition.
他全年都艰苦训练，然而在竞赛中却没能获奖。
【拓展】
yet和already的辨析：
yet用于疑问句或否定句时，放在句末。例如：
Have you finished yet 你完成了吗？
He hasn’t done it yet. 他还没有干完呢。
already常用于肯定陈述句中，一般位于助动词之后，实义动词之前。例如：
The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。
【典例分析】
1.—Have you finished your homework _______
—Yes, I have _______ finished it.
A. just; just B. yet; just C. just; yet D. yet; yet
2.—Has Mike come ________
—Yes, he has ________ been here for 10 minutes.
yet; already B. already; yet C. yet; yet D. already; already
要点 15
accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)
You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物
receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. /
They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.
他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。
I received a letter from my mother.
我收到母亲的一封来信。
辨析：receive与accept
receive 接待；收到 指客观的收到 He received a letter from his friend. 他收到了朋友的来信。
accept 接受 指主观的接受 She accepted my gift. 她接受了我的礼物。
I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.
昨天我收到了他的聚会请束，但我拒绝接受。
【典例分析】
1. 昨天我收到了我朋友的来信。
I __________ my friend’s letter yesterday.
2. 我接受你的建议。
I __________ your advice.
3.露西收到了他的礼物，但是她没有接受。
Lucy has ____________ his present, but she will not ____________it.
4. —Has Lucy ________ my invitation
—Yes, she has. But she can't ________ it because she will have to look after her grandpa that day.
A. received; receive B. accepted; accept C. received; accept D. accepted; receive
5. He ____________ a present from his friend yesterday, and he_________ it gladly.
A．received; received B．accepted; accepted C．received; accepted D．accepted; received
6.用accept 和 receive 的适当形式填空
1）Please __________ this invitation to my birthday party.
2）她收到了他的礼物，但是她是不会接受的。
She has _______ his present, but she will not ________ it.
要点16 experience
（1）experience 作名词的用法 (1)经历，阅历（可数）
I had a rather odd experience the other day.前些天我有一次相当神奇的经历。
Please tell us about your experience in Africa.请跟我们说说你在非洲的经历。
（2）经验 +of/in）（不可数）
She had no experience of life at all.她毫无生活经验。
不可数名词 意为“经验” He has rich experience in teaching. 他在教学上有丰富的经验。
可数名词 意为“经历” My uncle has many unusual experiences. 我的叔叔有许多不寻常的经历。
【典例分析】
1.他有许多教学经验。
He has _________ ________in English teaching.
2.In April，the weather in some places in Shanxi was really changeable. People still remember they have four seasons in a week.（山西）
A. organized　 B. experienced　 C. described
3.—Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.
—She said she would never forget some pleasant 　　 while working there.
A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. emotions
4.Our journey by camel was _______.
A. a pleasant experience B. an experience pleasant
C. pleasant experience D. experience pleasant
5. My mother is a traveler with_______________, and she has some interesting _______________.
A. experience; experiences B. experience; experience
C. experiences; experience D. experiences; experiences
要点 17
be different from
Be different from 意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the same as 意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am 　　　　 them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A．the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
2. We have the same amount of apples __________ they do.
A. from B. like C. as D. for
3. —Are the pictures the same
—They are __________. Picture A is a little smaller than Picture B.
A. different B. different from C. the same D. the same as
4. The Earth is __________ the Sun in size.
A. like B. the same as C. different from D. look like
5.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I have ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ my brother.
6.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The color of his cloth __________ _________ __________ ________
要点18 a bit /a bit of的用法
(1) a bit of 意为“一点；小量”，后接不可数名词。a bit 意为“一点”，用于修饰动词、形容词和比较级。
【拓展】a little 也意为“一点”，可以直接修饰不可数名词、动词、形容词和比较级。例如：
我现在还有点时间。 I still have a bit of / a little time now.
你能把电视机关小声点吗？
Could you please turn down the TV a bit / a little
我觉得有点害怕。 I feel a bit / a little afraid.
Your bedroom is a little bit dirty. Please clean it up.你的卧室有点儿脏.请把它打扫干净.
Mike checked the papers a little bit carelessly, so he failed the exam again.
迈克在检查试卷的时候有点儿粗心,所以他考试又没有及格.
拓展 写法近似的短语表达:
含义 对应表达 用法
有点儿;稍微 a little, a bit, a little bit 修饰形容词或副词
少量;一些 a little, a bit of 修饰不可数名词
I'm a little/a bit/a little bit hungry.我有点儿饿.
Tom has a little/a bit of money.汤姆有一些钱.
【典例分析】
1.同义句转换,每空一词.
We kept walking for a long time, so we felt a little tired.
We kept walking for a long time, so we felt________ ________ tired.
用a little, a bit或a bit of填空. （1-3题）
1.He feels ________________ better today.
2.She is ________________ tired.
3.There is ________________ milk in the bottle.
4. Some people think the old man is ________ silly.
A. a kind of B. a little bit C. a bit of D. a lot of
5. There is only ________ water in the bottle.
A. a bit B. a little bit C. a bit of D. a few
6. —What was the weather like yesterday
—It was _____ cold and windy.
A. a few B. a bit of C. a little bit D. a kind of
要点 19 deal
deal with动词短语，意为 “处理；对付；涉及；与…… 打交道”
We need to deal with this problem immediately. 我们需要立即处理这个问题。
The manager will deal with the customer’s complaint tomorrow.
经理明天会处理顾客的投诉。
She is good at dealing with difficult people. 她善于对付难相处的人。
How do you deal with stress in your job 你在工作中如何应对压力？
【辨析】deal with 与do with 处理
deal with“处理”常与 how 连用，侧重于解决问题，强调处理问题的方法。
例：How do you deal with these new problems
（2）do with“处理”一般与 what 搭配使用，侧重于对某物的利用。
例：What do you do with your camera
How will you deal with the old furniture
你会如何处理这些旧家具？（强调 “处理方式”）
What will you do with the old furniture
你会把这些旧家具怎么处理？（强调 “处理结果 / 用途”）
The new policy deals with air pollution.
新政策涉及空气污染问题。（强调 “论述 / 应对”）
What can we do with this leftover food
这些剩菜我们能怎么处理？（强调 “用途 / 处理方式”）
拓展
deal的用法。
（1）作为名词，意为“协议”。
常用于以下表达中：
make a deal with sb. 意为“和某人达成协议”
It’s/That’s a deal.意为“一言为定”，口语中也可直接说deal.
big deal是英语中的一个固定搭配，表示 “重要的事情或状况”，多用于非正式交流。作否定用法时，常说It's not a big deal.或It's no big deal.表示说话人并不认为某事有什么了不起。
（2）作为动词，意为“对待；处理;应付”。常用于deal with，意为“对付；处理；对待”，相当于do with, solve等。
【典例分析】
1.在经过长时间的讨论之后，我们最终和他达成了协议。
We finally ________ ________ _________ _________him after a long discussion.
2.你知道怎么解决这个问题吗？
Do you know________ ________ _________ _______ the problem
3.你扫地，我来擦窗户。
一言为定。
-You sweep the floor and I clean the window. __________ __________ ________
4. —We’ve been trying hard, but can’t solve the problem.
—I think you can ________ it in another way
A. share with B. deal with C. keep up with D. point out with
5.It took me almost a whole day to 　　 so many emails.
A.do with B. cut in C. cheer for D. run out
要点20 depend/ independent/ independence
1)depend v.视……而定；决定(于)
Whether we start or not depends on the weather.
我们是否开始取决于天气。
2)常用短语depend on意为“依靠”，后接名词或代词，它的主语可以是人也可以是物，但含义不同。
人＋depend(s) on(依靠)；物＋depend(s) on(视……而定)。
The old man depends on his son. 那位老人依靠他的儿子。
Our plan depends on time. 我们的计划取决于时间。
拓展
that depends＝it all depends 那得看情况
independence (u) 独立 --- dependence 依靠
independent adj. 独立的 ---dependent 依靠的
independently adv.独立地 ---dependently 依赖地
【典例分析】
1. —Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow
—Well, it all the weather.
A. gets on B. puts on C. tries on D. depends on
2.—What do you think of the young people today
—They ________ their parents too much. They should stand on their own feet.
A. help with B. depend on C. live on D. agree with
3.We're going to take a trip to Nanjing next week, but that ______ the weather.
A. tries on B. depends on C. looks up D. picks up
4. —How can you be ________ without needing help or advice from other people.
—I believe myself I’m able to do things alone in my own way.
A. independent B. strong C. necessary D. different
要点 21
feel unhappy about
动词短语，意为 “对…… 感到不高兴、不满意” 例句
She feels unhappy about the result of the competition.
她对比赛结果感到不高兴。
They feel unhappy about his rude behavior.
他们对他粗鲁的行为感到不满。
He feels unhappy about working overtime every weekend.
他对每个周末都要加班感到不高兴。
【典例分析】
1.他对自己在比赛中的表现感到满意。
He ______ ______ ______ his performance in the competition.
2.玛丽对这个突然的决定感到开心。
Mary ______ ______ ______ the sudden decision.
知识要点二、语法
构成
现在完成时是由“助动词have(has）+动词的过去分词”构成
用法
（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在产生了某种影响或造成了某种结果。句中常有just, already, yet等副词修饰。(注意与一般过去时的区别)
Have you had lunch yet
你已经吃过午饭了吗？
Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.
是的，我刚刚吃过。
（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，也可能仍然在进行。句中常有for（+时间段）或since（+时间点）引导的表示时间的状语。（注意与现在进行时态和过去进行时态的区别）
He has taught here since 1981.
表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历，一般意为汉语“.......过”，常带有twice, ever, never，three times等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
just 刚刚 肯定句，have/has 后
never 从来没有 否定句，have/has 后
ever 曾经 疑问句，have/has +主语+ever+过去分词
before 用于句末
yet 仍然 用于疑问句，否定句句末，或not之后
already 已经 肯定句，have/has 后或句末
so far 到目前为止 句首或句末
【语法练习】
用just, already, yet, ever填空。
Have you been to Japan
I have finished my homework.
I have finished my homework .
I haven’t finished my homework .
二、选择题
1.—Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!
—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.
A. has been over B. was over C. has finished D. finished
2.—It's ten years since we came here
—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.
A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked
3 — The room is very clean. Who __________
A. cleaned B. have cleaned C. has cleaned D. will clean
4. Have you ever _________to the Great Wall It’s very beautiful.
A. gone B. been C. went D. go
三、完成句子
1.— 杰克已经买了新手机吗？(yet)
— 没，他还没买新手机。(yet)
2. 你曾参观过博物馆吗 (ever)
— 没，我没有。我从未参观过博物馆。(never)
3. — 你曾在图书馆借过书没有？(ever)
— 有啊，我借过。我已借了三次了。(already)
4.他已经找到他的自行车了。
5. 你曾经去过北京吗？
知识要点三、书面表达
【话题分析】
写交换访学后的感谢信
　本单元我们阅读关于学生在北京交换访学的 在线报道。听力听取了关于交换访学所做的事情，谈论交换访学的所带来的好处。本单元写作要求我们写出一封在北京交换访学的感谢信，在写作中要运用本单元的目标言语。运用一般现在时进行表述：
一，开头：明确写感谢信的目的。（感谢寄宿家庭在游学期间的照顾）。
二，中间：描述要感谢的事和描述回国后的生活和感受。（讲述旅行中最喜欢的经历，再阐述学到的知识，注意每个部分都举例说明，让内容更丰富真实。 简单提及回国后和寄宿家庭相关的事，如跟朋友分享游学经历，想念寄宿家庭的某样事物等。）
三，结尾：真诚地送上对寄宿家庭的祝福，表达保持联系或期待他们来访的愿望，最后署名。
Basic structure of how to write a thank-you email
【短语积累】
1.结交新朋友___________________
2.学习一门新语言___________________
3.享受不同种类的食物___________________
4.住在寄宿家庭___________________
5.参观名胜古迹___________________
6.学习当地风俗或文化___________________
7.在当地学校学习___________________
8.去交换旅行___________________
9.对…好奇___________________
10.对……感到兴奋___________________
11.与某人保持联系___________________
12.难忘的经历___________________
13.感激___________________
14.住在寄宿家庭___________________
15.介绍___________________
16.了解不同的生活方式___________________
17.亲自___________________
18.去旅游___________________
19.不同于___________________
20.有宾至如归的感觉___________________
【句式积累】
1.这次交换旅行无疑是我一生中最棒的经历之一。
2.和当地家庭住在一起，还交到了新朋友，这让这次旅行棒极了。
3.我真的很感激他们让我住在他们家。
4.他们和寄宿家庭一起去北京各地旅游，参观名胜古迹
5. 我计划回家后和他们保持联系
6.交流旅行可以帮助来自不同国家的学生更好地相互了解。
7. 我向我的新朋友保证，我们会通过电子邮件保持联系。
8.毫无疑问，这次旅行帮助我更好地了解了他们的文化，也开阔了我的眼界。
9.我写这封信是为了感谢你在我北京游学期间对我的照顾。
10. 我已经把我们走过的有趣的北京胡同都告诉了我的朋友。
【实战演练1】
上月Frank来中国北京交换访学，在北京寄宿家庭中李先生家呆了两个星期，他深刻感受了寄宿家庭对他的关心和照顾，在北京二周中，他参加各种各样的活动，参观北京地区的名胜古迹，品尝当地的美食，了解不少的中国传统和文化，也交了中国朋友，他特别感谢李先生和夫人给他的关爱。假如你是Frank，请向他的寄宿家庭写一封感谢信，表达他的感谢之情。
To ：Mr. Li and Mrs. Li
Subject: Thank you
Dear Mr and Mrs Li,
__________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours, Frank
【实战演练2】
假设你校在5月10日至15日接待了十位来自新西兰的交换生（exchange student）。他们学习并体验了多项中国传统文化，游览了当地风景名胜，也融入了校园生活。请你为校英文报写一篇90词左右的新闻报道。
提示信息：制作风筝 放风筝 参观当地景点 参加校园食品节 品茶 逛博物馆 上体育课
要求：
1. 文稿须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
2. 条理清楚，意思连贯，语句通顺，标点正确；
3. 90词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
A total of 10 exchange students from New Zealand enjoyed different cultural activities during their visit to our school from May 10 to 15. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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