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Unit1单元语法精讲精练
● 单元语法精讲 ●
现在完成时(1)
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态。由“have/has+动词的过去分词”构成。
1. 过去分词的构成
动词的过去分词的构成:规则变化跟动词的过去式一样,不规则变化见课本后面的附表。
2. 现在完成时的几种句型结构
(1)否定句:主语+ haven’t/hasn’t + 动词的过去分词 + 其他。
He hasn’t seen this film.他没看过这部电影。
(2)一般疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 + 其他
Have you cleaned the classroom
你打扫教室了吗
(3)特殊疑问句:疑问词+ have/has + (主语 + ) 动词的过去分词 + 其他
Where has he gone 他去哪儿了
3. 现在完成时的用法
(1)表示一个动作在过去某时开始,到说话时刚刚结束,常和 yet,already, just 等副词连用。
Have you finished your homework
你做完作业了吗
Has she found her pen yet
她已经找到她的钢笔了吗
The children’s parents have just come back from work.孩子们的父母刚下班回来。
【注意】already 和 yet 都是副词。通常情况下,already 用于肯定句中,意为“已经”,变否定句或疑问句时要把 already 变为 yet; yet 通常用于否定句的句末,表示“仍然;还”,还可用于疑问句的句末,表示“已经”。
Mother has already prepared supper.
妈妈已经准备好晚餐了。
Lily hasn’t come back yet.莉莉还没有回来。
Haven’t you got ready yet 你还没准备好吗
(2)表示过去动作的结果现在仍然存在,一般不与时间状语连用。
China has already made great progress in science and technology.
中国在科技方面已经取得了巨大进步。
She has been a great pianist.
她已经成为一位伟大的钢琴家。
● 单元语法精练 ●
习题一：用所给动词的现在完成时形式填空
1. I __________ (finish) my homework already.
2. She __________ (not see) that movie yet.
3. __________ you __________ (visit) Beijing before
4. They __________ (just arrive) at the station.
5. He __________ (live) here since he was a child.
6. We __________ (not receive) any letters from him recently.
7. __________ Tom __________ (eat) his lunch yet
8. My parents __________ (be) to London twice.
9. The train __________ (already leave).
10. I __________ (not find) my keys. Can you help me
习题二：选择题
( ) 1. He ______ this book yet.
A. hasn't read B. haven't read C. doesn't read
( ) 2. ______ you ______ your room
A. Have; cleaned B. Has; cleaned C. Do; clean
( ) 3. She has ______ finished her work.
A. yet B. never C. already
( ) 4. They haven't come back ______.
A. already B. just C. yet
( ) 5. How long ______ you ______ here
A. have; lived B. has; lived C. do; live
( ) 6. I have ______ been to Paris, but I'd like to go.
A. already B. just C. never
( ) 7. My brother ______ a new job.
A. has found B. have found C. finds
( ) 8. We ______ that museum many times.
A. have visited B. has visited C. visited
( ) 9. ______ he returned the books to the library
A. Has B. Have C. Did
( ) 10. They ______ just ______ the news.
A. have; heard B. has; heard C. do; hear
习题三：改写句子（改为否定句或一般疑问句）
1. He has seen this film. (改为否定句)
2. They have finished their project. (改为一般疑问句)
3. She has already had lunch. (改为否定句)
4. You have been to the new park. (改为一般疑问句)
5. I have told him the truth. (改为否定句)
6. The students have cleaned the classroom. (改为一般疑问句)
7. My sister has bought a new dress. (改为否定句)
8. We have visited the Great Wall. (改为一般疑问句)
9. It has stopped raining. (改为否定句)
10. Mr. Wang has worked here for ten years. (改为一般疑问句)
习题四：改正句中的错误
1. She have already done her homework.
2. I has lived in this city for five years.
3. Have you saw that movie
4. They haven't finish the work yet.
5. He has just leave the office.
6. We has visited the museum twice.
7. Has she eats breakfast yet
8. My parents have buy a new car.
9. The train have already arrived.
10. Have they found their lost dog yet
习题五：用 already 或 yet 填空
1. I have __________ finished my report.
2. Has the mail come __________
3. They haven't decided __________.
4. We have __________ seen that film.
5. Have you done your homework __________
6. She hasn't called me __________.
7. He has __________ left for school.
8. Have they arrived __________
9. I haven't had breakfast __________.
10. The children have __________ gone to bed.
习题六：对划线部分提问
1. He has broken the window.
2. She has bought a new dictionary.
3. They have lived here for ten years.
4. My father has gone to the supermarket.
5. I have visited Beijing twice.
6. She has been late three times this month.
7. The students have cleaned the classroom.
8. We have waited since 2 o'clock.
9. He has finished his homework.
10. They have moved to a new house.
答案
习题一：
1. have finished
2. hasn't seen
3. Have, visited
4. have just arrived
5. has lived
6. haven't received
7. Has, eaten
8. have been
9. has already left
10. haven't found
习题二：
1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. A
6. C 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A
习题三：
1. He hasn't seen this film.
2. Have they finished their project
3. She hasn't had lunch yet.
4. Have you been to the new park
5. I haven't told him the truth.
6. Have the students cleaned the classroom
7. My sister hasn't bought a new dress.
8. Have you visited the Great Wall
9. It hasn't stopped raining.
10. Has Mr. Wang worked here for ten years
习题四：
1. have → has
2. has → have
3. saw → seen
4. finish → finished
5. leave → left
6. has → have
7. eats → eaten
8. buy → bought
9. have → has
10. 正确
习题五：
1. already
2. yet
3. yet
4. already
5. yet
6. yet
7. already
8. yet
9. yet
10. already
习题六：
1. Who has broken the window
2. What has she bought
3. How long have they lived here
4. Where has your father gone
5. Where have you visited twice
6. How many times has she been late this month
7. Who has cleaned the classroom
8. How long have you waited
9. What has he finished
10. Where have they moved

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