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必修二第一单元
一、词形变化
1. apply v.申请；应用；涂，敷→ application n.申请；运用；应用applicant 申请人
2. create v.创造；创作→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的
→creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地
3. balance vt.使平衡；n.平衡→ balanced adj.平衡的，保持平衡的
4. establish vt.建立；创立→establishment n.建立；创立；确立
5. limit vt.限制；n.限度；限制→ limited adj.有限的→ limitless adj.无限制的→limitation n.限制
6.lose vt.失去；丢失（过去式 lost 过去分词 lost ）loss n.丧失损失→loser n.失败者
7. contribute v捐献；捐助→contribution n.捐款；贡献；捐赠
8. investigate v调查；研究→ investigation n.(正式的)调查，侦查
9. donate vt.捐赠；赠送；献(血) → donation n.捐赠；捐赠物
10. disappear vi.消失；灭绝→disappearance n.消失；失踪
appear v.出现；显现；显得→appearance n.外貌；外表；出现
11. professional adj.专业的；职业的profession n.行业，职业→professor n.教授
12. enter v.进来；进去→entrance n.入口;进入→exit v出去，离去n 出口
13. history n.历史；历史学→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的
→historical adj.(有关)历史的/历史研究的historically adv.历史上地；从历史观点上说
pare v.比较；对比→comparison n.比较；相比
15. identify vt.确认；认出；找到→identification n.鉴定；辨认；身份证明
identity n.身份；本身；特性；同一性
二、重点短语
1. cultural heritage文化遗产
2. prevent/stop/keep.. from ...
保护...免于...
3. lose one’s balance失去平衡
4.balance A and/with B平衡A与B
5. make a proposal to sb
向某人提出建议
6. make a protest against提出抗议
7. be likely to do sth很可能做某事
8. It is likely that 可能....
9. contribute to 为...捐献/撰稿；导致
10. make a contribution to (介)
为...做贡献
11. take an active part in积极参加/参与
12. give way to 让步屈服
13.within one’s reach
在某人够得着的范围
14. attempt to do 努力/尝试做
15. make an attempt to do/at doing
尝试做
16. in an attempt to do 试图做
17. at a loss 不知所措，困惑
18. be lost in全神贯注；沉浸于
19. donate...to...
= make a donation to... 向...捐赠
20.It is worthwhile doing/to do sth
=be worthy of doing sth 值得做...
21. at the entrance to 在...的入口处
22. in the process of在...的过程中
23. in process 进行中
24. forgive sb for doing sth
原谅某人做某事
25. throughout the country/world
遍及全国/全世界
26. of good/poor quality质量好/差
pare...with/to...
把...与...比较/把...比作
28.in comparison with
(与某人/某物)相比较
29.by comparison 比较起来，通过比较
30.by contrast 对比之下，相反
31.contrast A and/with B
把A与B对比/对照
32.turn to 求助于，致力于，转向
33.identify...as... 认出....是....
34.go without
没有...而勉强应付，没有...也行
35.There was a time when....
曾经有一段时间
36.be familiar with 对....熟悉
37.raise money/funds筹集资金
38.piece by piece 一块一块地;逐渐地
39. tell right from wrong 明辨是非
40. run over碾过，撞倒，牺牲
41.limit...to...把...限制在...内
42.lead the way 带路；领路；领先
43.in the 1950s 在20世纪50年代
三．课本重点句子默写
1.这个国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来是有可能的。
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
2. 老师们也可以通过让学生们提出他们自己的想法并提出保护这个方法的建议来激励他们。
Teachers can motivate students by asking them to come up with their own ideas and make proposals for ways to protect this.
3. 一支由来自中国和其他国家的研究人员和科学家组成的团队正在努力，来帮助加强对中国古代文化遗产的认知和鉴赏能力。
A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China’s ancient cultural heritage.
4. 在进步和保护文化遗址之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
必修二第二单元
一、词形变化
1. law n.法律legal adj.法律的；合法的 legally adv.法律上；合法地
illegal adj.不合法的；非法的→illegally adv.不合法地；非法地
2. immediate adj.立即的；立刻的→immediately adv.立刻
3. alarm vi.使惊恐；使害怕n.恐慌；警报；警报器→ alarming adj.使人惊恐的 alarmed adj.恐慌的；害怕的；担忧的
4. rate n.速度；(比)率vt.划分等级→rating n.等级；级别
5. extinct adj.已灭绝的→ extinction n.灭绝
6. aware adj.知道；发觉；有……意识的→ awareness n.知道；意识
7. concern vt.涉及；让…担忧→concerned adj.担心的 concerning prep.关于；
8.adapt v.使适应；改编→ adaptation n.适应；改编本
9.observe vt.观察(到)；注视；遵守→ observation n.观察；观测
10. attack n.,vi.& vi.攻击；抨击→attacker n.攻击者；进攻者
11. effect n.效应；影响；结果→ effective adj.有效的；生效的
12.recover vi.恢复；康复→recovery n.恢复；痊愈；改善
13. intend vi.& vt.打算；计划；想要→ intention n.计划；打算
14. threat n.威胁→ threaten vt威胁；危及
15.exist vi.存在；生存→ existence n.存在；生活方式→ existing adj.现存的
16. neighbour n.邻居；邻近的人或物→ neighbourhood n.临近的地方；街区
.二、重点短语
1.on earth 究竟；到底
2.be aware of 意识到；知道
3.make progress 取得进步
4.adapt to 适应
5.make out 看清；听清；分清
6.watch over 照管；监督；保护
7.stir up emotions 激发感情
8.die out 灭亡；逐渐消失
9.on average 平均
10.be concerned about 对...关心
11.under pressure 在压力下
12.remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
13.day and night 日日夜夜；夜以继日
14.search for=hunt for 寻找
15.an endangered species
一种濒危物种
16.share sth. with sb.和某人分享某事
17.at an alarming rate
以一个惊人的速度
18.stand for 代表
19.nature reserves 自然保护区
20.be struck by 为...所震撼；被吸引
21.drop by 下降了；顺便来访
drop to 下降到
22.take measures/steps/action to do 采取措施做...
23.make profits 赚取利润
24 be removed from 被移除
25.intend to do 打算做...
26.a threat to… ...的一个威胁
27. in harmony with 与...和谐相处
28.bring about 引起，导致
29.in an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
30.help out 帮助摆脱困难
31.aim to do 旨在做...
32.be similar to 与...相似
33.raise the awareness of something提高意识
34. sb be reminded that某人认为
35.Sb be observed to do something
某人被看到
36.carry out a plan 实施计划
37.cut down削减、砍伐
38 .reduce the risk of something
降低风险
39. when it comes to 当涉及
40. place sth under protection
把...置于保护之下
41. make a recovery from 从....中恢复
42. say no to 拒绝
三．课本重点句子默写
1.他和其他志愿者日夜看护着藏羚羊，防止他们受到攻击。
He and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks.
2. 然而，政府并没有打算停止保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁仍未消失。
The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
3. 只有当我们学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
4.据报道，由于树木遭到砍伐，野生生物的生活空间正在被减少。
It is reported that living spaces for wildlife are being reduced due to the cutting of trees.
必修二第三单元
一、词形变化
1.chat v. 聊天 chatted（过去式）
2.convenient adj.方便的 convenience n.便利 inconvenient n.不方便的
3.benefit n/v.益处，使受益 beneficial adj.有益的
4.distance n.距离 distant adj.遥远的
5.inspire v. 鼓舞，激励inspiration n.灵感，鼓舞人心的（人或事）
6.access n/v.通道，进入，使用，获取 accessible可进入的，可获得的，可使用的
7.function n/v.功能，作用，运转 functional adj.实用的，功能的，运转的
8.confirm v.确认，使确信 confirmation n.证实；确认
9.press v.按，压，敦促 pressure n.压力
10.privacy n.隐私 private adj.私有的，私密的
11.theft n.偷窃 thief n.贼；小偷
12.rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的 rudely adv.粗鲁地 rudeness n.粗鲁，无礼
13.embarrassing adj. 让人难堪的
embarrassed adj. 感到尴尬的 embarrass v.使尴尬 embarrassment n.尴尬
14. identity n.身份；个性 identify v.识别；确认pany n.公司；陪伴 accompany v.陪伴
16. tough adj.艰难的；严厉的 toughness n.艰难；严厉
重点短语
1.with sb about sth
与某人闲聊某事
＝have a chat with sb about sth
2. It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.（某人）方便做某事
at one’s convenience
在某人方便的时候
3. in cash用现金
4. be stuck in 陷入......中；被困在......中
5. keep sb company 陪伴某人
6.benefit sb使某人受益
benefit from 从......中获益
be beneficial to sb对某人有好处
=be of (much/great)benefit to sb
7.in the distance 在远处
keep sb at a distance
与某人保持一定的距离
8.inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事
9.now that 既然
10.access to 去......的通路
have/get/gain access to
有权使用；可以接近
be accessible to 可以使用；可以进入
11. go through经历，度过，通读
12. It has been confirmed that...
已经证实......
13.put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力
under pressure/ stress
处于压力之下；有压力
14.in shape 状况良好
out of shape
状况不佳；身体不适；身材走样
keep/stay in shape 保持健康
15.keep track of 掌握......的最新消息；了解......的最新动态
16.at a discount (of) 以打......折的价格
17.account for 解释；说明；占比例
on account of 因为
on no account 决不
take sth into account/consideration 把......考虑在内
in particular =particularly
尤其；特别
be particular about 对......讲究/挑剔
19. make fun of 取笑；戏弄
20.be/feel upset about/at/by sth
为某事心烦意乱
sb be/ get familiar with sth
某人对......熟悉
sth be /get familiar to sb
某事为某人所熟悉
22.keep …in mind 牢记某事
23.in case以防；万一
in any case 无论如何
in this/that case 在这种/那种情况下
in no case 决不
as is often the case 情况常常是这样
24.match…with... 把......与......相匹配
25.catch the attention of
吸引......的注意力
26.out of work 失业
27.apply for 申请
28.identity card 身份证
29.stir up trouble 挑起事端
30.look up the new word in the dictionary 在字典里查找这个新单词
31.be tough on/with 对某人很严厉
32.function as 起......作用;具有......功能
perform/fulfill a ... function
履行......职责；发挥......作用
33.press the button 按这个按钮
34.be targeted at 针对......
35.to one’s embarrassment
令某人尴尬的是
be embarrassed about/at
对......感到尴尬
be embarrassed to do sth.
做某事感到尴尬
36.bridge the gap between A and B 消除......和......之间的分歧/隔阂
37.It depends. 视情况而定
三．翻译句子
1. 当你身处逆境时，你会遇到面临相似挑战的人。
When you go through tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges.
2. 她还加入了一个在线群组，在群里她可以谈论自己的问题，获得他人的支持和建议。
She also joined an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others.
3. 她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
She was inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet.
4.她认为，消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网，并且知晓如何运用新技术是非常重要的。
She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology.
必修二第四单元
一、词形变化
1.chief adj/n.首领，最重要的chiefs（复数）
2.puzzle n/v.谜，智力游戏，迷惑 puzzled adj.感到迷惑的 puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
3.defence n.防御，保卫 defend v.防御，保卫
4.legal adj.法律的，合法的 illegal adj.非法的
5.surround v.包围，围绕 surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings n.周围的事物
6.evidence n.证据 evident adj.明显的
7.achieve v.达到，取得，实现 achievement n.成就，成绩
8.locate v.确定……的位置，位于 location n.地点，位置
9.announce v.宣布 announcement n.通知
10.poet n.诗人 poem n.诗歌（可数） poetry n.诗歌（总称，不可数）
11.greet v.问候，迎接greeting n.问候
12.belong v.属于 belongings n.财产；所有物
13.currency n.通货；货币 current adj.当前的；现在的
14.approach n.方法；途径 approachable adj.可接近的
15.eager adj.渴望的 eagerness n.渴望
二、重点短语
1.be puzzled about 对......感到困惑
2.join…to… 把......和......连接起来
3.break away (from sb/sth) 摆脱
break in/into 突然闯入
break out（战争）爆发，（火灾）发生
break up 分手；结束关系，解散
break down出毛病，损坏，崩溃
break through 突破
4.belong to 属于
5.a sense of belonging 归属感
6.as well as 也；还；和
7.defend ...against/from...保卫.....免受......
in defence of ＝in one’s defence 为某人辩护
8. surround...with...用…将…包围
be surrounded with/by 被......包围
9.It is evident that…很明显......
10.achieve one’s dream/success 实现梦想/成功
make an achievement/achievements in (doing) sth 在某方面取得成就
a sense of achievement 成就感
11.be located in/at/on 位于......
12.battle for... 为......而战
13.be fascinated by/with
对......着迷/被......吸引
14.keep your eyes open (for) 留心
fix one’s eyes on 注视；盯着看
look sb in the eye(s) 直视某人
15.in charge of(介词短语)＝take charge of(动词短语)负责，主管
in the charge of 由......负责/掌管
free of charge ＝for free 免费
charge sb for sth 因为......向某人收费
charge sb with sth. 指控某人某事
sb. be charged with 某人被指控某事
16.announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
It is announced that 据宣布
17.a large amount of许多，大量 (修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数)
large amounts of许多，大量（修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用复数）
18. an approach to 接近...的方法/途径
take/adopt an approach
采取一个方法/途径
be easy/difficult to approach 容易/很难接近
19.be eager for 渴望某事
be eager to do sth. 渴望去做某事
20.be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨/大方
be mean to sb. 对某人小气/吝啬
21.greet sb with 用......(方式)欢迎/问候
22.a crowd of 一群......
crowd in/into 挤进/涌进/涌上
be crowded with 挤满了，充满
23. add…to… 添加......到......里面
in addition 另外
24. leave alone不管；不打扰
leave out 遗漏；省去；忽视；冷落
25.refer to ...as... 把......称为......
be referred to as 被称为
leave behind 落下；忘带
26.make changes 做出改变
27.date back to追溯到=date from
28.have a great influence/impact/effect on
对…有巨大影响
29.be dotted with 被......点缀着
30.make up 组成；化妆；编造；弥补
31.if necessary 如果有必要的话
If possible 如果可能的话
If so 如果是这样的话
If not 如果不是这样的话
32. write down 记下；写下
33. be similar to 与......相似
34.sort out 分类
35. a confused expression 困惑的表情
be confused about 对......感到困惑
in confusion 困惑地
36. as a result 结果
as a result of 作为......的结果
result from 起因于result in 导致
37. offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb
为某人提供某物provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.
supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb.
offer to do sth. 主动去做某事
38. in first position 位列第一
hold the position of 担任......职务
take the position that... 认为......
39. a feast for the eyes 视觉盛宴
40. all the way 一路上；从始至终；一直
三、翻译句子
1.他们也有各自的传统，比如有自己的国庆节和本国菜肴。
They also have their own traditions,like their own national days and antional dishes.
2.他们引入了英语的雏形，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people build houses.
3. 以首都伦敦为第一站是个不错的选择，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，它有一个可以一直追溯到罗马时代的历史。
The capital city is a great place to start,as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.
4. “绿宝石”（爱尔兰）岛风景宁静，郡县葱郁，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，是一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes,with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
必修二第五单元
一、词形变化
1.classic n. 著名，经典著作 classical adj. 古典的，经典的
2.energy n. 能源，能量，精力 energetic adj. 充满活力的，精力充沛的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地
3.compose v. 写作，作曲，组成 composition n.成分，（音乐，诗歌）作品
composer n. 作曲家，作曲者
4.perform vi. 表演，履行，执行 performance n. 表现，表演 performer 演员
5.able adj. 有能力的，能干的 enable vt. 使能够，使可能 ability n.能力，才能
6.origin n. 起源，由来，起因 original adj. 原始的，原作的 originally adv. 起初
7.conduct v.进行，指挥，引导，表现 conductor n.（乐队）指挥，售票员
8. gradual adj. 逐渐的，渐进的 gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
9.relieve vt. 使减轻，缓解 relief n.减轻，消除（减轻痛苦或焦虑），宽慰，轻松
10.aim n. 目标 v.力求达到/做到，瞄准 aimless adj. 没有目标的，漫无目的的
aimlessly adv.漫无目的地
11.equip vt. 配备，装备 equipment n.设备，装备
12.talent n. 天赋，天资，天才 talented adj. 有才能的，有天赋的
13.assume vt. 以为，假设 assumption n.假定，设想 assumed adj.假定的，假冒的
14.add v.增加，做加法，加起来 addition n.加法，增加物 additional adj.额外的，附加的additionally adv. 此外，另外
15. treat v. 治疗，对待，款待 n. 款待 treatment n.治疗，处理，对待
16.satisfy vt. 使满足，使满意 satisfaction n.满足，满意，欣慰 satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied adj. 感到满意的
17.react vi. 做出反应，回应 reaction n. 反应，回应
18.vary v. (大小，形状）相异，不同 various adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的
variety n. 种类，多样化
19. repeat vt. 重复，重写 repetition n. 重复，重做 repeated adj. 重复的
repeatedly adv.重复地，反复发生的
20.energy n.能源，能量，精力 energetic adj. 精力充沛的 energetically adv.
21.romance n. 浪漫 romantic adj. 浪漫的 n.浪漫的人 romantically 浪漫地
二、重点短语
1. perform a...role in在...中起...作用
perform an operation 进行手术
perform a play 演一场戏
perform one's duty/promise
尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺
put on / give a performance 表演
2.prove(to be)+n./adj. 证明是，结果是
3.award sb. for sth. 因某事而奖励某人
award sb. sth.=award sth. to be
授予某人某物
4.to one's relief 领某人欣慰的是
in relief 如释重负
it is a relief to ... 是让人欣慰或轻松的事
relieve sb. of 解除某人...方面的负担
5.cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病
6.absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb oneself in doing 全神贯注于做
be absorbed in dong 全神贯注于
7. aim to do 目标是做某事
be aimed at doing 旨在做某事
achieve one's aim 达到某人的目标
8. a piece of equipment 一件设备
equip... with... 用....装备...
be equipped with 配备，安装
9.in addition 此外，另外
in addition to除..以外
10.It is assumed that..据认为
assuming (that)... 假设，假定...
11. as is known to all 众所周知
as is often the case
情况往往如此,这是常有的事
as is mentioned above 如上所述
as the old saying goes 俗话说
as is reported 正如报道的
12. together with 和...一起
13. fall in love with 爱上
15.on stage 舞台上
16.join in 参与
17. be absorbed in 被...吸引，专心致志
18.try out 参加...选拔
19.from then on 从那时起
20.get through 处理，完成
21.concentrate on 专心于
22.turn out 结果是
23.pay off 还清债务，得到回报
24. have an impact on 对...有影响
25.cure sb. of sth.治好某人的疾病
三．重点句子背诵
1. Whitacre 于1970年2月2号出生在美国，于1989年进入内华达大学学习音乐。
Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.
2. 很荣幸来到这里，并和各位分享音乐如何对我的人生产生影响的故事。
It is an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had an impact on my life.
3.在那些时期，音乐能像帮助我一样帮助你。
During those times, music can help you in the same way that it helped me.

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