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高考英语一轮复习 议论文阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025春?鼓楼区校级期末） In modern society，the concept of beauty is often a topic of heated discussion.From fashion magazines filled with images of models with flawless skin and perfect figures to the countless beauty﹣related products on the market，external beauty seems to be highly emphasized.However，a closer look reveals that true beauty involves more than just what meets the eye.
In ancient Greek philosophy，beauty was considered a virtue.The Greeks believed that a person's inner qualities should match their outward appearance.Socrates，a wise philosopher，was an example of this.Despite his plain looks，he was highly respected for his wisdom，courage，and noble character.His teachings often focused on the contradictions between inner and outer beauty，reminding his followers that true value lies within.
Christianity，to some extent，changed the perception of beauty.It placed moral virtue at the center，making beauty seem more like a shallow temptation.This led to a separation between inner and outer beauty in people's minds，with inner beauty associated with moral qualities and outer beauty seen as more about physical appearance.
In our daily lives，we can observe the differences between inner and outer beauty.A person with a beautiful face may not necessarily have a kind heart.For instance，someone who is always well﹣dressed and physically attractive but is arrogant and unkind in conversations will quickly lose their charm in others' eyes.On the other hand，a person with a warm smile，a kind word，and a helpful nature is often regarded as beautiful，regardless of their physical features.
Inner beauty，such as kindness，compassion，and intelligence，is enduring.It is not affected by age or external factors.A kind﹣hearted person will always be remembered and admired for their good deeds，while physical beauty fades over time.Moreover，inner beauty can also influence a person's external appearance.A positive and optimistic attitude can make a person glow from within，adding a unique charm to their look.
However，this doesn't mean that external beauty is completely unimportant.Maintaining a neat appearance，dressing appropriately，and taking care of one's health can boost self﹣confidence and make a good first impression.But it should be balanced with the cultivation of inner beauty.
（1）According to the passage，in ancient Greek philosophy，what was the relationship between inner and outer beauty？ 　 　
A.Inner beauty was more important than outer beauty.
B.Outer beauty was more emphasized than inner beauty.
C.Inner and outer beauty were expected to match.
D.There was no connection between inner and outer beauty.
（2）What impact did Christianity have on the perception of beauty？ 　 　
A.It made beauty more important in people's lives.
B.It separated inner beauty from outer beauty and made beauty seem like a shallow temptation.
C.It emphasized the unity of inner and outer beauty.
D.It had no significant impact on the understanding of beauty.
（3）What does the example of a well﹣dressed but arrogant person illustrate？ 　 　
A.Inner beauty is necessary to maintain one's charm.
B.External beauty is the most important factor.
C.Arrogance is a sign of inner beauty.
D.Good physical appearance can cover up bad qualities.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the relationship between inner and outer beauty？ 　 　
A.Only inner beauty matters，and outer beauty can be ignored.
B.Outer beauty is much more important than inner beauty.
C.Both inner and outer beauty are important and should be balanced.
D.Inner beauty and outer beauty are completely unrelated.
2．（2025?琼海校级模拟） "THAT'S NOT FAIR!"I live with two young children and hear this cry often.They say it's unfair that adults get to stay up later and that they didn't get dessert.I have been surprised at how their cries of injustice over seemingly small things upset me.But how I respond to my children in these moments will shape their sensitivity to，and empathy（同理心）toward，people affected by injustice.If we want our children to fight for justice，we need to "lean in"as they meet the discomforts of existence.
My research shows that children from wealthier families said their lives were more fair than the world in general.Those in low﹣income families rated their lives as less just.We found that children at all income levels know justice is not distributed equally.
But social class doesn't fully explain how children develop their views.Consider families and schools.The children whose parents listened to their side of the story said that their lives were fairer and that they were less likely to become cynical（愤世嫉俗的） in the coming years﹣even in poverty.If children are not treated fairly in a group，they assume they do not belong there，which breaks down their social contract.On the contrary，when they benefit from injustice，they may decrease their sensitivity and care for others.
Every child will experience injustice.But adults in their lives should teach them how to deal with it and act on it.When teachers are fair，children's lives become more fair.When parents provide explanations and natural consequences，they teach children to expect justice.
When I hear my children say，"That's not fair，"I want to teach my children to identify real injustices and learn that their behavior matters.I want them to feel strong enough to speak up for a child who gets laughed at online and to listen to others' side of the story.Then，chances are，when faced with both personal and social injustice，they'll be sensitive enough yet strong enough to do something about it.
（1）What does the underlined phrase"lean in"in paragraph 1 mean？ 　 　
A.step forward.
B.lead to.
C.go back.
D.give up.
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us？ 　 　
A.Children from richer families are happier.
B.Poorer children always have wrong attitude.
C.Children have formed their views on justice.
D.Research fails to show children's views on life.
（3）What can we infer about children from paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.They become cynical as they grow older.
B.Their views mainly shaped by their social class.
C.Their views influenced by their family and school.
D.They are more sensitive to injustice when poor.
（4）What is the author's opinion according to the text？ 　 　
A.It is important to teach children to accept injustice.
B.Adults should respond to children's complaints.
C.Parents need to improve their social class for children.
D.We should help children develop sensitivity to injustice.
3．（2025?浙江模拟） History as it is studied today begins with the earliest civilizations which left visual and literary evidence which historians can collect，analyse and interpret.Western historians begin with the Mesopotamians，the Ancient Egyptians，and especially the Ancient Greeks.These might be the first civilizations to produce complex texts，art and architecture to which we still have some access in the twenty﹣first century.
Historians study the source evidence left by the people of these periods in order to understand who，how，why and what they were.We are then taught to form differing interpretations by other historians within our own theories and research，in order to create a balanced，informed and analytical article，book or documentary.The article must remain dispassionate and aim towards objectivity，removing any subjective prejudice which might emerge before and during research.
However，it is too limiting and it can paint a false picture of the past to both professional and recreational readers，by focusing too narrowly on certain events or individuals and completely ignoring other seemingly less important events or individuals，through a lack of either evidence or interest.History as a series of events covers the lives of billions of people from every country for thousands of years.Each individual's actions and everyday life，from their birth until their death，whether emperor or peasant，is history，and worthy of study in its own right.
Furthermore，to be objective in an historical essay，one must be separated from one's study，having no emotional reaction to the evidence and maintaining a tolerance and relativity to historical context，so that the evidence will not be destroyed by modern preconceptions （成见）.
However，absolute separation，whether through attempted objectivity or distance of time，is useless to historical study.Pure objectivity can never be realized as we are all highly subjective，emotional beings，and what we write will always reflect this：it is what makes us human，and humanity is what we study.
（1）How did the earliest civilizations help historians？　 　
A.By providing first﹣hand materials.
B.By recording analytical skills.
C.By simplifying historical research.
D.By presenting valuable works.
（2）What's the difference between the former and present historians？　 　
A.Approaches to text analysis.
B.Analysis of historical novels.
C.Attitudes to previous research.
D.Willingness to stay subjective.
（3）Why is pure objectivity criticized according to the passage？　 　
A.It ignores events with no significance.
B.It cuts the ties between certain events.
C.It shows an unclear image of the past.
D.It acts against human beings' nature.
（4）What is the suitable title for the passage？　 　
A.History：The Subject Affected by Social Environment.
B.History：The Study of the Subjective and Unimportant.
C.Subjectivity：An Element Hard to Overcome for People.
D.Subjectivity：An Element Beneficial to Old Civilizations.
4．（2025?巴中模拟） From ordering food to buying a new book to making a charitable donation，more and more decisions that used to be made on paper are now being made on digital devices like tablets，phones，and computers.And this trend towards digitization has many advantages，in particular when it comes to efficiency and sustainability﹣but could it also be negatively influencing how we make decisions？
We conducted a series of studies with more than 2，500 participants across the U.S.and China to explore the impact of the medium you use to make a decision，with a particular focus on decisions with some sort of moral component，such as whether or not to make a donation to a charity，or whether to choose a healthy or unhealthy entree（主菜） at a restaurant.We asked the participants to make a variety of these sorts of choices using either a paper form or a digital tablet，and despite controlling for all other variables（变量），we consistently found that people who used paper made more moral decisions than those who used a digital device.For example，participants who read their choices and made a selection on paper were significantly more likely to give money to charity，choose a healthy entree，and opt for an educational book rather than something more entertaining.
Why might this be？Our research suggests that the key mechanism driving this effect is how "real"the decision feels.We asked participants in two of our studies to describe how real a decision felt，as well as the extent to which they believed the decision as representing who they were as people，and they consistently indicated that making a choice on paper felt more real and representative than making the same decision on a digital device.
It may seem like a minor detail，but our research shows that the medium with which your customers，employees，or community members make a decision can have a major impact on the choices they make.This has implications（暗示） for marketers，policymakers，and anyone seeking to encourage any sort of virtuous behaviour.For example，to encourage customers to choose healthier options，restaurants might consider opting for paper rather than digital menus.Similarly，parents and educators might opt to provide students with paper rather than online book order forms，to increase the chances that they'll choose educational reading materials.
（1）What can be drawn from the studies？ 　 　
A.People using paper to make a more virtuous decision.
B.Digitalization drives our life more different and sustainable.
C.When deciding，participants prefer paper to a digital devices.
D.The medium involved in decision﹣making significantly influences us.
（2）What is the main mechanism of this influence mentioned in the text？ 　 　
A.People's concern about their identity when making decisions on paper.
B.The real feeling linked to making decisions on paper.
C.Public resistance to trend towards digitalization.
D.The consciousness of environmental protection.
（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph about the results of the study？ 　 　
A.It can stand the long﹣term evaluation.
B.It makes sense without exception.
C.It has room for improvement.
D.It offers practical value.
（4）What's the key point of the text？ 　 　
A.Educational reading resources should be supplied in the form of paper.
B.Using pen and paper contributes to making more moral choices.
C.Everyone should make a responsible choice.
D.Pen and paper needn't be replaced.
5．（2025?5月份模拟） This morning，I saw the shocking headline："Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode".
In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous.Hence，we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologized for the accident，but the families of the dead said it was not enough.Nevertheless，the company still claimed that most people would be traveling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.They do not own or drive cars，watch TV，or use the Internet.They live mainly as farmers，and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future.They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work，family and community.They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous.
On the other hand，new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years.For example，the latest weather﹣tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters，which saves many lives.Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally，I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances.I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network.My health monitor，which I wear all the time，has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.Of course，technology changes the way we live，and it can be a scary prospect.Nevertheless，I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
（1）What does the underlined word"cease"in the first paragraph mean？ 　 　
A.Stop
B.Tolerate
C.Admit
D.Appreciate
（2）Why does the author mention the groups in paragraph 2？ 　 　
A.To praise the groups.
B.To advocate a simple rural lifestyle.
C.To emphasize the importance of hard work.
D.To present positive sides of tech﹣free life.
（3）What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about？ 　 　
A.The major strengths of new technology.
B.The main reasons for developing technology.
C.The future application of the new technology.
D.The different reactions of people towards technology.
（4）What is the author's attitude toward new technology？ 　 　
A.Unclear.
B.Objective.
C.Doubtful.
D.Approving.
6．（2025?涪城区校级模拟） "Assume you are wrong." The advice came from Brian Nosek，a psychology professor，who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science.
To understand the context for Nosek's advice，we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself.You see despite what many of us learned in elementary school，there is no single scientific method.Just as scientific theories become elaborated and change，so do scientific methods.
But methodological reform hasn't come without some fretting and friction.Nasty things have been said by and about methodological reformers.Few people like having the value of their life's work called into question.On the other side，few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways.So，part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self﹣reflection into the culture of science itself，so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process，and not an embarrassing sideshow.
What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique.Assuming you are right might be a motivating force，sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires.But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks.Beginning，instead，from the assumption you are wrong，a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong ﹣ a goal that your critic presumably shares.
One worry about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists.Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right.Another concern is that a strategy that works well within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public.Without an appreciation for how science works，it's easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science，when in fact they reflect some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world.Science is reliable because it responds to evidence：as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves，our theories can and should change，too.
Despite these worries，I like Nosek's suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better.It also builds in a sense of community ﹣ we're all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right.
Unfortunately，this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis：that assuming one is wrong can change community norms for the better，and ultimately support better science and even，perhaps，better decisions in life.I don't know if that's true.In fact，I should probably assume that it's wrong.But with the benefit of the scientific community and our best methodological tools，I hope we can get it less wrong，together.
（1）According to Paragraph 1，what is the core message of Brian Nosek's advice？ 　 　
A．Scientists should always be confident in their methods.
B．The scientific method is unchanging and universal.
C．There is a need for a more self﹣reflective approach in the scientific community.
D．Methodological reformers are often criticized unfairly.
（2）In the context of the article，what does the term "methodological reformers" most likely refer to？ 　 　
A．People who are against scientific reforms.
B．Scientists who advocate for changes in scientific methods.
C．Individuals who are resistant to change in their scientific work.
D．Critics who question the value of scientific methods.
（3）What is a potential benefit of adopting the "assume you are wrong" strategy according to the author？ 　 　
A．It can reduce personal attacks in scientific debates.
B．It may lead to a decrease in the motivation of scientists.
C．It will make scientific conclusions more reliable.
D．It can improve the public's understanding of science.
（4）Considering the "assume you are wrong" strategy，which of the following applications in non﹣scientific fields is most likely to align with the principles discussed in the article？ 　 　
A．Encouraging business leaders to always trust their initial instincts in making decisions.
B．Training politicians to be more defensive about their policies to avoid admitting faults.
C．Promoting a culture in educational institutions where teachers and students actively seek feedback to improve learning outcomes.
D．Advising journalists to stick to their narratives regardless of opposing views to maintain consistency.
7．（2025?顺德区模拟） Nietzsche（尼采）was wrong：When you gaze long enough into the abyss（深渊），the abyss does not gaze back into you.Instead，the cosmic void（黑洞） remains silent，relentless and frightening in its vastness.
When looking at the vast emptiness of the universe，there is a temptation（诱惑）to look at our tiny world with nihilism.To feel that our great achievements amount to nothing.That our history fails to leave a mark.That our concerns and anxieties are pointless.
I'm a cosmologist，the kind of scientist who studies the origin，history and evolution of the universe.I have spent years working to understand what cosmic voids teach us.And in the course of my studies，I have learned to reject that temptation.
It's true that Earth is neither large nor long﹣lived，but that is only one way of measuring significance.Compared with the cosmic voids，there is something special happening on our planet.Earth is still the only known place in the entire universe where conscious beings raise their curious eyes to the sky and wonder.Earth is the only known place where humans can exist.It is the only known place where laughter，love，anger and joy exist.The only known place where we can find dance，music，and art.Our disagreements and all the beautiful complexities that make us human aren't meaningless.The experiences in our lives are special because they will never happen in the empty expanse of most of the universe.
The same lessons that cosmic voids teach us are found in the voids we encounter in our own lives.The presence of voids guarantees the opposite；they create contrast；they are full of potential.The pain we feel from loss is the last reminder of the gift of a life deeply loved.The silence before a performance is full of electric expectation.Our choice to ignore stressful news is necessary to allow us to focus on what truly matters.
Artists have long understood the power of the void.The 12th﹣century poet Saigyo noted that the pauses between raindrops were as important as the drops themselves.The famed architect Rem celebrated the utility of negative spaces，proclaiming，"Where there is nothing，everything is possible."
The universe won't do anything for us except give us the freedom to exist.It is our job to fill the universe with meaning and purpose.
（1）What does the underlined word "nihilism"in paragraph 2 mean？ 　 　
A.Hope.
B.Admiration.
C.Meaninglessness.
D.Purpose.
（2）Why does the author reject the temptation？ 　 　
A.He is a cosmologist who believes science.
B.Earth is the only place for human experiences.
C.Human experiences differ from those in voids.
D.Earth is special because it is small and short﹣lived.
（3）What is the author doing in paragraph 5？ 　 　
A.Explaining how voids in life offer meaning.
B.Stating that voids in life should be avoided.
C.Criticizing the role of voids in universe and life.
D.Arguing voids should be filled for more meaning.
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ 　 　
A.To clarify Nietzsche's philosophy.
B.To explore the unique significance of voids.
C.To report a scientific study of cosmic voids.
D.To criticize passive views on human achievements.
8．（2025?崆峒区校级模拟） When asked to explain his success，Eero Mantyranta，who won seven Olympic medals in cross﹣country skiing，hardly mentions a genetic（基因） change that gives him extra red blood cells which can store more oxygen than everyone else's.Instead，he says things like，"If you think about doing the unthinkable，you can!"or"Easy is not an option.No days off.Never quit."
It is understandable to popularize tales of iron discipline and hard work in sports.After all，the jobs of millions of coaches and sports psychologists﹣not to mention the Olympians who want to translate their gold medals into "life lessons" for the public﹣depend on the notion.
But the worship of hard work has spread far beyond sports and has become a fast growing part of our culture at large，For example，Malcolm Gladwell even advocates in his book，Outliers，that hard work is not only necessary but sufficient for success.This has caught the public imagination，and can be seen everywhere.Social media is also full of successful businessmen telling people to get up at 4：00 am and avoid social life.
Sure，hard work is important.But talent matters，too and it can come from anywhere.Studies of athletes find that top competitors improve more quickly with smaller amounts of practice than ordinary folks.This extends to other fields，too.The amount of practice needed to become a top violinist varies hugely between individuals and only a few can work to the top.
Perhaps，it is depressing to admit that talent matters，as we are brought up on the idea that anyone can make it if they just put in the hours.But it is，I think，a rather unhealthy principle on which to found a society.
For one thing，the hard work myth may lead us directly to a hothouse culture：If hard work and achievement are joined by a straight line，why ever pause for a rest？The hard work myth may also keep a champion from emerging a little later in life，from a group that wasn't constantly coached from birth by resource﹣rich parents.
（1）What does the author suggest about Eero Mantyranta？ 　 　
A.He is born to be a good skier.
B.He is very frank with his success.
C.He can be a top coach in the future.
D.He has worked longer than anyone else.
（2）What is the Olympians main purpose in stressing hard work according to the text？ 　 　
A.To encourage talented athletes.
B.To share their hard﹣learned lessons.
C.To take advantage of the public.
D.To help their coaches and psychologists.
（3）What will the author most probably advise us to do？ 　 　
A.Follow the advice of influencers.
B.Get up early and work hard every day.
C.Get professional training as early as possible.
D.Figure out the strengths and put in hard work.
（4）What does the author think of the hothouse culture？ 　 　
A.Scientific.
B.Harmful.
C.Necessary.
D.Entertaining.
9．（2025?惠来县校级三模） Have you ever found yourself really wanting to change yet somehow remaining stuck in the same patterns？The answer might not be in your behaviors，but in your beliefs—specifically，the beliefs you have about yourself and who you are.This is what psychologists call self﹣concept inertia（惰性）.
Self﹣concept inertia is the psychological resistance to changing our identity.Our self﹣concept is influenced by our narrative identity，which is made up of the stories we tell about ourselves.These narratives can go beyond simply describing who we are today—they can restrict us from being who we believe we' re capable of becoming in the future.This means that even if we want to change，as long as we hold onto our old identities，we' ll unintentionally resist making the changes we know we need to make to become the"new"version of ourselves.
Our self﹣concept doesn't yield easily，even to our conscious （有意识的） desires.When your behaviors contradict your self﹣image，you experience a state of psychological discomfort.For example，if you' ve always seen yourself as"not a morning person"，successfully waking up at5 a.m.creates tension with your established identity.So your brain has two options：Update your self﹣concept（hard） or abandon the new behavior（easier）.As Carol Dweck discusses in her book Mindset：The New Psychology of Success，people with"fixed mindsets"tend to avoid challenges that might contradict their self﹣concept.
Yet your self﹣concept is malleable by design.Notice when you use a phrase like"I'm just not a person".The absolute statement signals few changes will happen.Instead of"I'm not an organized person"（ identity），try "I haven't developed strong organizational systems yet"（behavior）.Identity statements feel permanent，but behavior statements feel changeable.Identifying these habits also gives you insight into a solution you can practice and improve.
Self﹣concept inertia weakens when we hold our identities lightly.When we see ourselves as works in progress rather than finished products，we create the psychological space needed for genuine transformation.The question isn't whether you can change—it's whether you' re willing to let go of familiar limitations to discover what lies beyond them.
（1）How does our narrative identity affect us？ 　 　
A.It defines our better future.
B.It changes our self﹣concept.
C.It limits our behaviour choices.
D.It improves our previous selves.
（2）What does the example of waking up at 5 a.m.illustrate？ 　 　
A.The difficulty in getting rid of tension.
B.The benefits of becoming an early riser.
C.The conflict between behaviour and self﹣identity.
D.The importance of following a strict daily routine.
（3）What does the underlined word"malleable"in paragraph 4 mean？ 　 　
A.Predictable.
B.Available.
C.Sustainable.
D.Adjustable.
（4）What does the author advise people to do？ 　 　
A.Make perfect products.
B.Avoid labelling yourself.
C.Monitor psychological changes.
D.Attach importance to self﹣image.
10．（2025?山东模拟） Language is so deeply embedded in almost every aspect of the way we interact with the world that it's hard to imagine what it would be like not to have it.What would be the consequence if we didn't have names for things or didn't have experience talking about things that hadn't actually happened？Would we be able to think？What would our thoughts be like？
The answer to the question of whether thought is possible without language depends on what you mean by"thought".Can you experience impressions and feelings without language？Yes，and very few would argue otherwise.But there is a difference between being able to experience"pain"and possessing the concept"pain".Most would say true thought involves having the concept.
Many artists and scientists，in describing their own inner processes while they work，say they do not use words to solve problems，but images.The autistic （患自闭症的）author Temple Grandin，in explaining how she thinks visually rather than linguistically，says that concepts for her are collections of images.
Of course，Grandin has language，and knows how to use it，so it is hard to say how much of her thinking has been influenced by it，but it's not unimaginable﹣﹣and probably likely—that there are people who are deficient in the ability to use language and think in the way she describes.
There is evidence that deaf people cut off from language possess the ability to think before being exposed to language.Also，the sign languages developed by deaf students without language models display the kind of thinking that goes far beyond mere sensory impression or practical problem solving.
However，while it appears that we can indeed think without language，there are certain kinds of thinking that are made possible by language.Language gives us symbols we can use to fix ideas，reflect on them，and hold them up for observation.It allows for a level of abstract reasoning we wouldn't have otherwise.The philosopher Peter Carruthers has argued that there is a type of inner，explicitly linguistic thinking that allows us to bring our own thoughts into conscious awareness.We may be able to think without language，but language lets us know we are thinking.
（1）What does the author intend to show with the experience of Temple Grandin？ 　 　
A.People without language can't think.
B.Language has no influence on thinking.
C.Some people may think in a non﹣linguistic way.
D.Autistic people have a special way of using language.
（2）Which of the following best explains"deficient"underlined in paragraph 4？ 　 　
A.Flexible.
B.Lacking.
C.Confident.
D.Experienced.
（3）What could we learn from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.Language facilitates abstract reasoning.
B.Language is merely useful for reflection.
C.Language is a must for people to perceive the world.
D.Language restricts people's ability to think visually.
（4）What is the writing purpose of the text？ 　 　
A.To stress the importance of language in daily life.
B.To advocate the thinking modes of scientists and artists.
C.To demonstrate the cognitive abilities of average individuals.
D.To show the relationship between thought and language.
11．（2025?沙市区校级模拟） Growing up，my older brother，a science enthusiast，shared fascinating facts with me，like how our cells are completely new every seven years.This idea highlighted the concept of constant change in our selves，meaning I'm a physically different person from the one I was years ago.
Today，I often wonder：Am I a story that's constantly being written？People have debated this for a long time，with ancient Greeks arguing whether a thing's true essence lies in its unchanging nature or its ongoing development.
Plato believed that natural science focuses on the changing physical world，while philosophy，using intelligence and reason，explores the changeless eternal（永恒）.For instance，veterinary science studies growing dogs，but philosophers question the idea of"Dog"itself.
Aristotle agreed that science explains what we see but argued that the material universe is in constant change.He believed change is part of the true nature of things and your virtue is about who you're turning into，not a fixed identity.As such，becoming was his focus，rather than some perfect invisible being.
So，which is your view，and how does that guide the way you live？None of this is to say the choice between Platonism and Aristotelianism is absolute.We all have some unchanging characteristics，and we also change in many ways.The philosophical perspective you adopt will depend on how you principally define yourself and what you choose to pay attention to as you move through the world.
Are you more like a Platonist or an Aristotelian？It depends on whether you see yourself as having a fixed identity or a changing story.Today's culture often pushes you to be a Platonist，defining yourself as a certain type of person.This can make you a repeat customer and give you a sense of belonging.But it might also keep you in situations you don't like.Being more like an Aristotelian can set you free.
（1）What did the author tell us about our cells in Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A.The unchanging nature of our souls.
B.The ongoing transformation of our bodies.
C.The belief that our science and nature do not change.
D.The idea that we are the same person through our lives.
（2）According to Aristotle，what is the focus of understanding a dog？ 　 　
A.Its unchanging nature.
B.Its determined essence.
C.Its stable identity.
D.Its continuous development.
（3）How does modern culture tend to influence personal identity，according to the text？ 　 　
A.By pushing people to define themselves into fixed identities.
B.By suggesting that personal identity will be a mystery forever.
C.By encouraging individuals to accept constant change and growth.
D.By promoting that individual identity is determined by belongings.
（4）Which of the following could be the most suitable title for the passage？ 　 　
A.Plato v.s.Aristotle：the Battle of Ideas.
B.The Philosophical Outlook：A Defined Personality.
C.Becoming v.s.Being：Viewpoint on Personal Identity.
D.The Unchanging Universe：A Philosophical Dilemma
12．（2025?鹰潭三模） Meg Locker，28，didn't realize that she was spending a lot of time and money on shopping.Last January，while cleaning，she tried to check how many bottles of face and body lotion（润肤乳） she had and was shocked to see how many unopened products there were."It's terrifying，"she says."It wasn't until it was all piled up that I was like，"I could literally go years without needing to buy something.""
Like many people in their 20s，Locker was sold a lifestyle by social media content creators.This lifestyle populated by a wealth of products has become so normal on social media that many young people like Locker think they should try to replicate it﹣only to find their homes filled to the ceiling and their bank accounts emptied.But these trends are impacting more than just the space and finances of consumers：Overconsumption may be impacting our mental health.
Cathrine Jansson﹣Boyd，a professor of consumer psychology，explains that though we don't personally know the content creators on social media，we still compare ourselves to them.This，in part，drives some of us to buy more things than we actually need，even if we don't have the same lifestyle as the creators we follow online.We feel like we could become closer to them or feel better about our lives if we have similar clothes or something.
"It's got to do with our self﹣worth sometimes，"Jansson﹣Boyd said."We are very social creatures and we compare ourselves against others all the time.And the fact is that when we engage in this social comparison，we're comparing upwards to someone we kind of think is，for whatever reason，superior to us."
Locker admits that she used shopping to try and follow the example of influencers she admired to reduce negative feelings.She'd have a rough week at work and would spend time unwinding by heading to a department store."Then before I know it，I'm spending ＄300，essentially on junk food，"she says.
（1）What is the purpose of paragraph 1？ 　 　
A.To prove women's purchasing power.
B.To give an example of a new fashion.
C.To show a phenomenon among the young.
D.To introduce the background of the story.
（2）What does the underlined word "replicate"in paragraph 2 probably mean？ 　 　
A.Change.
B.Adopt.
C.Value.
D.Popularize.
（3）Which statement might Jansson﹣Boyd agree with？ 　 　
A.Most women consumers get joy from shopping online.
B.People tend to compare with the disadvantaged groups.
C.People always achieve their self﹣worth by comparing with others.
D.Social media content creators contribute to our overconsumption.
（4）What change might happen to Locker？ 　 　
A.She will become a much wiser consumer.
B.She will release her stress by shopping online.
C.She will stop following those famous influencers.
D.She will increase the frequency to a department store.
13．（2025?南宁校级模拟） Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down.Most people have not fully realized the "green" values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings.Actually，in fact，keeping and making use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally﹣sound things we can do—more than the construction of any new structures that claims to be "green".
Aged communities，which have developed and changed organically over an extended period，possess unique cultures of their own.The buildings within them are irreplaceable to the environment.Opting not to sustain such architectures essentially is like sentencing a special community to disappearance.Building "green" can be about preserving time﹣honored，local building traditions that respect regional cultures，rather than just using the latest and greatest technologies.
The building materials and craftsmanship （工艺） are also entitled to respect，not simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction （开采），transportation and production of them，but on account of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist.My little river cottage in West Virginia，which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die﹣off of the chestnut trees，is such that the material in question may never again be obtained.However，the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down，which，in my view，is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development.
As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates，it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent more efficient than an average﹣performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences linked to the construction，which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization （使用） of pre﹣existing buildings and communities，effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests，farms，wildlife habitats，and open areas for novel construction undertakings.
As Carl Elefante of Quinn﹣Evans Architects brilliantly said， "The greenest building is one that is already built." Hopefully，the public will come to a uniform opinion that buildings currently existing are worthy of more care and attention.
（1）How do most people deal with old buildings？ 　 　
A.They treat them lightly.
B.They treasure them heartily.
C.They explore them fully.
D.They restore them actively.
（2）Why does the author mention his little river cottage in Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.To explain the complexity of building houses.
B.To demonstrate the shortage of building materials.
C.To display the attachment to the old constructions.
D.To highlight the virtue of keeping old constructions.
（3）What do the data in Paragraph 4 imply about old buildings？ 　 　
A.They are more efficient than the new buildings.
B.They can help avoid more environmental pollution.
C.They can clear away the bad effects on farms nearby.
D.They consumed less energy in the construction process.
（4）What is the text mainly about？ 　 　
A.Culture values lie in green buildings.
B.Old buildings are environment﹣friendly.
C.Old constructions should be given priority.
D.Building craftsmanship should be respected.
14．（2025?江西三模） A growing number of companies are building humanoid robots，and these mechanical look﹣alikes are starting to appear in car factories and delivery places.Some businesses even promise robots for home use.Yet one big question still has no answer：Why bother？Why make a robot in a human shape when it could take any imaginable form？
The usual answer is that humanoid robots could，in principle，handle any physical jobs a person can.But that"in principle" is doing a lot of heavy lifting.If you've watched videos of these robots，you'll get it﹣they're often clumsy，awkward machines.Sure，the technology helping them stand and move has come a long way，but they're still not as quick or graceful as humans.Meanwhile，robots built for a single job﹣like an arm shifting goods between conveyor belts（传送带）﹣are now commonplace.Designed with one purpose，they do it really well，unlike humanoid robots，which aim to do everything but often master nothing.
Another argument is that a human shape makes it easier for people to work with or control robots.This holds some water，especially since many of these machines still need skilled human operators.Companies often avoid admitting this，calling it a short﹣term phase，but the dream of fully independent，AI﹣powered humanoid robots﹣ones that match or beat human workers﹣remains a long shot.For now，what we've got are human﹣shaped shells guided by people behind the scenes.When Elon Musk introduced Tesla's Optimus robot in 2021，he proudly claimed it could teach，babysit，walk dogs，fetch groceries，or pour drinks.Yet those robots weren't Al﹣driven，and each was controlled by a hidden human.Notice a pattern？These tasks﹣low﹣wage，service﹣oriented jobs﹣suggest that，for now，humanoid robots just mask human effort with a shiny surface.
Some remote﹣controlled robots serve real purposes，like in deep﹣sea exploration.But those machines aren't shaped like humans﹣they look like capsules or small vehicles，and they work just fine.The idea that robots must be human﹣shaped is a failure of imagination.
Yes，humanoid robots look impressive.They remind us of the fantasies in science fictions where machines handle all difficult tasks.But today，they are mostly marketing tools，masking human labor.And a robot that doesn't truly improve life is missing the point.
（1）What does the underlined phrase "holds some water"mean in paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.Provides sufficient evidence.
B.Makes much sense.
C.Is partly reasonable.
D.Is widely accepted.
（2）Why does the author mention Tesla's Optimus robot？ 　 　
A.To prove humanoid robots are better.
B.To highlight its impressive technology.
C.To show it can replace human workers.
D.To suggest it is in the charge of humans.
（3）What is the author's attitude toward humanoid robots？ 　 　
A.Skeptical.
B.Optimistic.
C.Neutral.
D.Cautious.
（4）What is the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.When Humanoid Robots Miss Potential
B.How Humanoid Robots Miss Goals
C.What Humanoid Robots Lack Now
D.Why Humanoid Robots Fall Short
15．（2025?洮北区校级模拟） In a world where our digital devices have become extensions of ourselves，it's no surprise that we often immerse （沉浸） ourselves in screens rather than engage with the world and people around us.
But amidst this digital deluge （涌现的事物），something vital is being lost：the art of genuine human connection.These devices offer a convenient escape from boredom or discomfort，allowing us to avoid awkward social situations or difficult emotions.
Small talk often receives criticism for being empty or insignificant.Rarely does someone express a fondness for it，let alone find fulfillment in it.However，small talk matters a lot in social interactions.Think of it as the warm﹣up before a workout — it helps us ease into deeper conversations and establishes a foundation of trust and understanding.It lays the groundwork for assessing whether the exchange has the potential to cultivate a friendship or deeper connection.Even one﹣off exchanges with someone at the grocery store or at the bus stop offer opportunities for connection.
But our aversion （厌恶） to small talk is significant.We may convince ourselves that we're not good at it or that it's unnecessary，but that's simply an excuse.Yes，of course，social anxiety is real，but the only way to overcome the fears is through practice，gaining confidence by slowly taking risks，and actively engaging in conversations.
So，how can we embrace small talk and harness its power？Start by paying attention to your surroundings and engaging with those around you.Whether it's commenting on the weather or striking up a conversation about a shared experience，small talk provides an opportunity to connect with others on a basic level.
Like any skill，small talk requires practice.Start small by initiating conversations with strangers or acquaintances and gradually work your way up to deeper connections.With each interaction，you'll gain confidence and build the skills necessary for meaningful conversations.It may feel uncomfortable at first，but with practice，we can regain the richness of human interaction and cultivate relationships that truly nourish （滋养） the soul，build confidence，and reclaim the internal real estate that is overrun with anxious thoughts.
（1）Why do people often prefer to engage with digital devices rather than the real world？　 　
A．They are afraid of genuine relationships.
B．They find it more convenient to do so.
C．They want to avoid face﹣to﹣face communication.
D．They have little time to engage with others.
（2）What does the author think of small talk？　 　
A．It takes a lot of meaningful time.
B．It is an unnecessary and hard skill.
C．It is difficult to master for most people.
D．It plays a crucial role in social interactions.
（3）What does the underlined word "harness" in Paragraph 5 probably mean？　 　
A．Employ.
B．Challenge.
C．Overlook.
D．Discover.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？　 　
A．How to Overcome Social Anxiety
B．The Challenges of Modern Social Life
C．The Power of Small Talk in Social Life
D．Digital Devices and Human Connection
16．（2025?武进区校级二模） Imagine waking up one morning to find your smartphone missing.You can no longer get guided to work，order your coffee，or connect with friends.For most of us，it is a nightmare（噩梦）.But it should not be exactly far﹣fetched.
Despite being more digitally connected than ever，we are lonelier and more anxious.Anxiety rates increased by 25% globally.Depression now affects over 280 million people worldwide.All of this is due to our growing dependence on social media and smart technologies designed to offer quick relief but often at the expense of deep，meaningful engagement，which may further cause our loss of something easy to be ignored.
While these conveniences offer short﹣term relief，they may weaken our thinking skills.For example，GPS has undeniably transformed how we travel.But a 2020 study found that frequent GPS users struggle more with self﹣guided navigation.Over time，those who depended more on GPS showed a sharp decline in spatial memory and problem﹣solving skills.However，reducing dependence on these conveniences can lead to discomfort.In seeking comfort today，we might be trading away some discomfort.
That is the problem：the very discomfort we avoid is often what strengthens us.Viewing stress，a kind of discomfort，as a challenge rather than a threat leads to better outcomes.Research shows that mild stress can enhance adaptability.Neuroscience（神经科学） reveals that neuroplasticity—the brain's ability to form new connections—is enhanced through challenging experiences.This adaptability is crucial for developing resilience，（抗逆力），a process fueled by both mental challenges and active effort.
But this doesn't mean we should reject comfort entirely；it's to balance it with intentional discomfort.Think of it as "microdosing hardship"—a series of small，manageable difficulties that keep our mental and emotional muscles strong，such as writing with a pen，or washing dishes by hand.These small acts are enough to reawaken the resilience we've buried under layers of ease.So，the next time you feel the pull of ease，pause.Ask yourself：Is this momentary comfort helping me grow or is it keeping me stuck？Choosing discomfort isn't easy，but sometimes，it's worth it.
（1）What does the underlined word "far﹣fetched" in Paragraph 1 probably mean？ 　 　
A.Unlikely to be settled.
B.Unable to be accepted.
C.Possible to change.
D.Certain to function.
（2）What may digital conveniences cause according to the text？ 　 　
A.The fast but worthless relief.
B.The loss of thinking capacity.
C.The meaningful engagement.
D.The lack of necessary comfort.
（3）Which is a real﹣life application of "microdosing hardship"？ 　 　
A.Exploring a new city by using GPS.
B.Ordering take﹣out food after work.
C.Taking the stairs instead of the lift.
D.Writing an email using voice﹣to﹣text.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A.Discomfort：a hidden source of resilience
B.Stress：the main cause of brain damage
C.GPS：the invisible cost of convenience
D.Smartphones：barriers to human progress
17．（2025?河西区校级模拟） Lao Zi once said，"Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner."
People﹣pleasing，or seeking self﹣worth through others' approval，is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life.Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves？If it's true that you can't please all people all of the time，wouldn't it make sense to stop trying？
Unfortunately，sense often isn't driving our behavior.For social beings who desire love and belonging，wanting to be liked，and caring about the effect we have on others，is healthy and allows us to make connections.However，where we get into trouble is when our self﹣worth is dependent on whether we win someone's approval or not.
This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us：Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate，they are also trying to learn how the world works.We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others so，to a four﹣year﹣old，if Mommy or Daddy doesn't like him or her，there is the danger that they will abandon them.We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us，it's being driven by that little kid part of us that is still afraid of being abandoned.
As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek，your need for external approval will start to disappear，leaving you stronger，more confident，and yes，happier in your life.Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked.
If we base our worth on the opinions of others，we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves，because ultimately，there is no difference.So embrace the cliche（老话） and love yourself as you'll not regret it.
（1）What can we conclude from Lao Zi's quotation？　 　
A.We should see through other people's attempt to make a prisoner of us.
B.We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.
C.We can never be truly free if we care about others' opinion of us.
D.We should care about other people's view as much as they care about our own.
（2）What will happen if we base our self﹣worth on other people's approval？　 　
A.Our desire to be loved will be fulfilled.
B.Our Identity as social beings will be affected.
C.Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting.
D.Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.
（3）What may be the reason for our need to be liked or approved of？　 　
A.Our desperate longing for interactions with others.
B.Our understanding of the workings of the world.
C.Our knowledge about the pain of being abandoned.
D.Our early childhood fear of being abandoned.
（4）What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval？　 　
A.Enjoy a happier life.
B.Exercise self﹣restraint.
C.Receive more external approval.
D.Strengthen our power of imagination.
（5）What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph？　 　
A.Embrace life for others.
B.Love ourselves as we are.
C.See our experiences as our wealth.
D.Base our worth on others' opinions.
18．（2025?河南模拟） How do you read？Some only read dialogue while others might skip long sections of text or only read the first and last sentence in a paragraph.According to experts，skimming—where you skip over words and sections to grasp the main idea of a text—is a common reading strategy. "That's totally fine，" says Daniel Willingham，a psychologist at the University of Virginia， "as long as skimming or scanning doesn't get in the way of understanding."
"If you intend to read for fun or finish in a short amount of time，skimming is a great way to get the general idea of what a text is saying，" says Joanna Christodoulou，a professor at the MGH Institute of Health Professions. "Additionally，how well a person knows the type of text they' re reading might influence the strategy they use to read，" Christodoulou adds.Someone that reads many mystery novels，for example，may get used to the structure and feelings elicited（引出） by the text and thus be able to skip or skim sections and still get what's going on.
Experts often contrast skimming with close reading，where a reader connects new information to previous knowledge，asks questions，and develops a deeper understanding of the text.However，some experts argue the distinction between the two might not be that useful.Inge van de Ven from Tilburg University argues that during close reading，readers adjust their attention，using both skimming and close reading to get an understanding of a text.
Willingham theorizes that our changing reading habits are likely not because our attention is degraded，but because the Internet provides access to too much fun content，our willingness to focus on a text might be decreasing. "There's also a sense that we need to consume information quickly，because there's so much of it，" he adds.He's optimistic，however，that most people can learn these close reading skills with practice.
Overall，each person's reading journey is unique，experts emphasize.It might not be helpful to pit（使对立）skimming and close reading against each other，but rather to understand that both are important to learn and consume content，especially in the digital age.
（1）What is Daniel Willingham's attitude towards skimming generally？ 　 　
A.Favourable.
B.Negative.
C.Doubtful.
D.Unconcerned.
（2）What is the impact of one's familiarity with a text type？ 　 　
A.It enhances close reading.
B.It complicates understanding.
C.It makes skimming efficient.
D.It can damage one's attention.
（3）What does Inge van de Ven say about skimming and close reading？ 　 　
A.They need to be treated separately.
B.They contrast sharply with each other.
C.They require more focused attention.
D.They are often employed in a combined way.
（4）According to Daniel Willingham，what is a potential reason for changing reading habits？ 　 　
A.Lack of interest.
B.Endless online entertainment.
C.Reading complexity.
D.Decreased attention to information.
19．（2025春?浙江期末） Are you a short video app user？Chances are that you're more familiar with 15﹣second sped﹣up clips of songs than with the original tracks themselves.This trend has been evident on social media platforms，notably Douyin and TikTok，where creators boost the rhythm by 25﹣30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes.
These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts.As a Radio l Anthems host told the BBC，although sped﹣up versions of songs can help artists go viral，that initial success may not last This isn't just about music.Social media users also accelerate podcasts，movies，etc.for quicker consumption.The sped﹣up mode provides a faster way to achieve the dopamine（多巴胺） rush that social media aims to spark，leading to addiction and influencing our actions.
While it seems efficient，speeding up content has significant drawbacks."So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing，lighting，timing and music，and speeding that all up just ruins it，"a Reddit user commented.Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way，their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid.
It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of"watching"and"listening".It's as if they're telling the creators："I don't have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle emotions you put into the work."All they want is a quick general idea of"what's going on"and a feeling of"wow，I just consumed another piece of information".
Evidently，this approach weakens creators' efforts and erodes people's patience.However，people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life.Beginning with sped﹣up songs and movies，it gradually creeps into daily life.A Chinese netizen once shared， "I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test，"highlighting how this habit extends to longer﹣term tasks.
We already live in a fast﹣paced society，yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect.What's the rush？Some things should not be sped up，like our patience for beauty and hard work.
（1）What might be a possible result of sped﹣up song versions on social media？ 　 　
A.They boost the popularity of original songs.
B.They decrease the consumption of short videos.
C.They lead musicians to top official singles charts.
D.They help musicians maintain long﹣term success.
（2）From Reddit users' perspectives，what impact does speeding up content have？ 　 　
A.It reduces audience's appreciation level of art.
B.It enhances the dopamine rush for better mood.
C.It offers a more effective way to grasp the content.
D.It damages media's works and devalues consumers' views.
（3）What does the underlined word"erodes"mean in Paragraph5？ 　 　
A.Tests out
B.Uses up
C.Wears away
D.Calls for
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the trend of speeding up content on social media？ 　 　
A.Negative
B.Positive
C.Objective
D.Ambiguous
20．（2025春?雁塔区校级期末） Are you a short video app user？If you are ，you will probably find yourself more familiar with 15﹣second sped﹣up snippets（加速的片段） of songs than with the original tracks themselves.This trend has been evident on social media platforms particularly Douyin and﹣﹣TikTok， "Sped﹣up versions of tracks can help artists break through or go viral，although that initial success may not last， "a radio host said.This sped﹣up mode offers a faster route to the dopamine rush that social media aims to arouse，leading to addiction and influencing our actions.
Watching everything at a sped﹣up pace seems like a good way to take in more content in a shorter time.However，what are the consequences？"So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing，fighting，timing and music，and speeding that all up just ruins it ， "a Reddit user commented.
It seems that people speed up content because they want to complete the action of watching movies and"listening"to songs，not because they enjoy the movies and songs.It's almost as if they' re telling the creators ：'I don't have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle（微妙的） emotions you put into the work， "All they want is a quick idea of"what's going on"and a feeling of"wow，I just consumed another place of information".
It's obvious that people don't realize that this is destroying their patience with life.First，it's sped﹣up songs and movies；then gradually，it becomes a speed up life."I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test ， "a Chinese netizen said，Since these tasks usually take hours or even days and weeks，I would think to myself， "How can I speed this up？"We already live in a fast﹣paced society，yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect.
What's the rush？Some things should not be sped up，like our patience for beauty and hard work.It's time to slow down，control the usage of screens，and regain our patience.
（1）How does the Reddit user mentioned in the text comment on accelerating content？ 　 　
A.It leads to people's addiction to social media.
B.It destroys the particular decisions of the creators.
C.It allows people to obtain more content in a shorter time.
D.It gives artists chances to break through or become popular.
（2）What is one of the results of the sped﹣up content？ 　 　
A.Leading to a loss of patience with life.
B.Helping artists to achieve success.
C.Increasing the attractiveness of social media.
D.Allowing people to better enjoy movies and songs.
（3）What is the author's attitude towards sped﹣up content？ 　 　
A.Critical
B.Neutral
C.Supportive
D.Indifferent
（4）What is the purpose of the text？ 　 　
A.To criticize people's addiction to short video apps.
B.To advocate regaining patience and concentration in creating.
C.To discuss the popularity of sped﹣up songs on social media.
D.To analyze the impact of sped﹣up content on people's patience and call for slowing down.
高考英语一轮复习 议论文阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025春?鼓楼区校级期末） In modern society，the concept of beauty is often a topic of heated discussion.From fashion magazines filled with images of models with flawless skin and perfect figures to the countless beauty﹣related products on the market，external beauty seems to be highly emphasized.However，a closer look reveals that true beauty involves more than just what meets the eye.
In ancient Greek philosophy，beauty was considered a virtue.The Greeks believed that a person's inner qualities should match their outward appearance.Socrates，a wise philosopher，was an example of this.Despite his plain looks，he was highly respected for his wisdom，courage，and noble character.His teachings often focused on the contradictions between inner and outer beauty，reminding his followers that true value lies within.
Christianity，to some extent，changed the perception of beauty.It placed moral virtue at the center，making beauty seem more like a shallow temptation.This led to a separation between inner and outer beauty in people's minds，with inner beauty associated with moral qualities and outer beauty seen as more about physical appearance.
In our daily lives，we can observe the differences between inner and outer beauty.A person with a beautiful face may not necessarily have a kind heart.For instance，someone who is always well﹣dressed and physically attractive but is arrogant and unkind in conversations will quickly lose their charm in others' eyes.On

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