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外研九上英语 语法 专项练习题
Module 1 复习六大时态
Module 1 时态复习
英语里常用的这几种时态，就像不同"时间镜头"，都怕精准描述不同时间发生的事情，下面逐个说明白：
一、一般现在时
功能: 描述常态、真理，或现在稳定的状态 / 特性
常态 / 真理: 反复发生、大家都认的事情，比如自然规律、日常习惯。
例句: "The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.（太阳东升西落）"，这是不变的自然规律；"Thousands of people visit Beijing every year.（每年有成千上万人游览北京）"，每年重复发生，是常态。
现在状态 / 特性: 当前阶段稳定的情况，不是临时的。
例句: "And I think the Three Gorges Dam is fantastic too.（我也觉得三峡大坝超厉害）"，是当下对三峡大坝的评价；"It produces electricity for millions of people in China.（它为中国数百万人供电）"，是三峡大坝现在具备的功能特性。
结构:
主语是复数 / 第一、二人称（l/we/you/they）：动词用原形，否定就"don't + 动词"，一般疑问把"do"放句首。比如"They visit the park every week.（他们每周逛公园）"→否定"They don't visit the park every week."→疑问"Do they visit the park every week "。
主语是单数（he/she/it）：动词要变形（多数加s/es，比如"visit"变"visits"），否定"doesn't + 动词原形"，疑问把"does"放句首。比如"She likes coffee.（她喜欢咖啡）"→否定"She doesn't like coffee."→疑问"Does she like coffee "。
二、一般过去时
功能: 讲过去某个具体时间发生的事情，或过去的状态、习惯
过去的动作 / 事件: 在过去某一刻完成的事情，有明确过去时间。
例句: "Well, I visited the Giant's Causeway two years ago.（嗯，我两年前参观了巨人堤道）"，"two years ago（两年前）"是过去时间，动作已完成。
过去的状态 / 习惯: 过去某段时间里持续的状态，或过去常做的事情。
例句："I was very thin in my childhood.（我小时候很瘦）"，"in my childhood（小时候）"是过去状态；"I got up very early when I was a college student.（我上大学时起得很早）"，"上大学时"是过去习惯。
结构:
肯定：动词变过去式（规则的加ed，不规则的记特殊形式，比如"go"变"went"）。
否定："didn't + 动词原形"，不管主语是谁，都用"didn't"。比如"He played football yesterday.（他昨天踢足球了）"→否定"He didn't play football yesterday."
疑问："Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + … "，比如"Did she go to school yesterday？（她昨天上学了吗？）"。
三、现在进行时
功能：说现在（说话时）正在发生的事情，或计划好的未来活动
现在正在进行：动作就在当下发生，能感知到。
例句："Am I going the right way？（我走的路对吗？）"，说话时"走"这个动作正在进行。
计划好的未来：已经安排妥，马上要发生的事情。
例句："My elder brother is coming tomorrow.（我哥明天来）"，"来"是提前计划好的；"We are having a meeting tomorrow morning.（我们明早要开会）"，是安排好的活动。
结构：
肯定："be 动词（am/is/are） + 动词 ing 形式"，主语 I 用 am，单数主语（he/she/it）用 is，复数 /you 用 are。比如 "I'm reading a book.（我在看书）""He's playing games.（他在打游戏）""They're singing.（他们在唱歌）"。
否定："be 动词 + not + 动词 ing 形式"，比如 "I'm not watching TV.（我没在看电视）""She isn't dancing.（她没在跳舞）"。
疑问：把 be 动词提前，比如 "Are you cooking？（你在做饭吗？）""Is he running？（他在跑步吗？）"。
四、过去进行时
功能：描述过去某个时间段里，正在持续的动作，常和另一个过去动作 / 时间呼应
用法：过去某一刻或某段时间，动作一直在进行。
例句："When I arrived, it was early morning and it was raining.（我到的时候，是清晨，还在下雨）", "arrived（到达）"是过去动作，"下雨（was raining）"在"到达"时正在持续。再比如"I was having breakfast when he telephoned me.（他给我打电话时，我正在吃早饭）", "telephoned"是过去动作，"吃早饭"当时正在进行。
还能问过去某时刻在干啥，像"What were you doing at eight o'clock yesterday evening （昨晚 8 点你在干啥？）"。
结构:
肯定："was/were + 动词 ing 形式"，主语 l/he/she/it 用 was ，复数 /you 用 were 。
比如 "She was studying last night.（她昨晚在学习）""They were talking when I came in.（我进来时，他们在聊天）"。
否定："was/were + not + 动词 ing 形式"，比如 "He wasn't sleeping at 10 p.m.（昨晚 10 点他没在睡觉）""We weren't playing basketball.（我们没在打篮球）"。
疑问：把 was/were 提前，比如 "Were you watching TV （你当时在看电视吗？）""Was she cooking （她当时在做饭吗？）"。
五、一般将来时
功能：说未来要发生的事情、动作，或未来的状态
will /be going to 用法：
可互换（表预测）：没明显计划，就是觉得未来会发生，"will"和 "be going to"能换。
例句："It will /is going to rain tomorrow.（明天要下雨）"，只是预测天气，没说谁计划让下雨。
有区别（表计划 / 意愿）：
"be going to"：强调"计划好，打算好"要做的事情。比如 "He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.（他计划去夏威夷度假）"，是提前安排的。
"will"：更侧重个人"临时决定、意愿、承诺"。比如 "I will give you the information when I get it.（我一拿到消息就告诉你）"，是说话时的承诺；再比如你临时决定帮人，"I will help you carry the box.（我来帮你搬箱子）"。
结构:
will 型：
肯定："主语 + will + 动词原形"，比如 "You'll get there in five minutes.（你五分钟后会到那儿）"。
否定："主语 + won't + 动词原形"（won't 是 will not 缩写），比如 "I won't go to the party.（我不去派对了）"。
疑问："Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + … "，比如 "Will he come tomorrow？（他明天来吗？）"。
另外，第一人称（l/we）还能用 "shall"，不过现在口语里 "will" 更常用，"shall" 常出现在正式语境或法律文件里，比如 "Shall we go to the park？（咱们去公园不？）"，表提议。
be going to 型：
肯定："主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形"，主语 I 用 am，单数用 is，复数 /you 用 are 。比如 "I'm going to buy a new book.（我打算买本新书）""They are going to have a party.（他们要办派对）"。
否定："主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形"，比如 "She isn't going to visit her grandma.（她不打算去看奶奶了）""We aren't going to play football.（我们不打算踢足球了）"。
疑问：把 am/is/are 提前，比如 "Are you going to school？（你打算去上学吗？）""Is he going to work？（他打算去上班吗？）"。
六、现在完成时
功能：强调"过去的动作对现在有影响，有结果"，或"动作从过去持续到现在"。
过去动作对现在有影响：重点不是啥时候做的，而是"做了这件事，现在啥情况"。
例句："I've never seen it, so I'm not sure I agree with you.（我从没见过它，所以不确定我同意你说的）"，"没见过（have never seen）"这个过去动作，导致现在"不确定"的结果。再看对话：
A: "Have you seen the film？（你看过这电影不？）"—问的是"看没看"这件事对现在的影响（比如知不知道剧情）
B: "Yes, I have.（看过）"—说明现在知道剧情这类影响
A: "When did you see it？（你啥时候看的？）"—这就转到问过去具体时间，用一般过去时
B: "Last night.（昨晚）"—回答过去时间，用一般过去时
简单说，想强调"过去做没做，导致现在咋样"，用现在完成时；单纯说"过去啥时候做的"，用一般过去时。
动作从过去持续到现在：过去开始的状态 / 动作，一直延续到现在，可能还会继续。
例句："I have lived here for a long time.（我在这儿住好久了）"，"住"从过去开始，持续到现在；"I have been ill for a week.（我病了一周了）"，"生病"状态从过去持续到现在。
结构:
肯定："have/has + 动词过去分词"，主语 l/we/you/they 用 have ，单数（he/she/it）用 has 。比如 "I have finished my homework.（我写完作业了）""He has gone to school.（他去学校了）"。
否定："haven't/hasn't + 动词过去分词"，比如 "They haven't seen the movie.（他们没看过这电影）""She hasn't eaten breakfast.（她没吃早饭）"。
疑问："Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + … "，比如 "Have you ever been to Beijing （你去过北京不？）""Has he finished the work （他完成工作没？）"。
Module 1 时态练习题
一、单项选择题（15题）
1. The earth ______ around the sun.
A. go B. goes C. went D. will go
2. My father ______ to work by bike every day.
A. go B. goes C. went D. is going
3. They ______ a meeting yesterday afternoon.
A. have B. had C. are having D. will have
4. I ______ TV when my mother came back last night.
A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching
5. Look! The children ______ in the park.
A. play B. played C. are playing D. will play
6. We ______ to Beijing next month.
A. travel B. traveled C. are traveling D. will travel
7. She ______ English for 5 years.
A. learns B. learned C. is learning D. has learned
8. He ______ here just now. Where is he
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
9. —______ you ______ the film before
—Yes, I ______ it last week.
A. Have; seen; saw B. Did; see; saw
C. Have; seen; have seen D. Did; see; have seen
10. They ______ dinner when I arrived.
A. have B. had C. are having D. were having
11. The rain ______ when we go out.
A. stops B. stopped C. will stop D. has stopped
12. I ______ my homework yet. I have to finish it now.
A. didn't finish B. haven't finished
C. don't finish D. won't finish
13. He ______ in this school since 2018.
A. teaches B. taught C. is teaching D. has taught
14. —What ______ you ______ tomorrow
—I ______ to visit my grandparents.
A. do; do; go B. did; do; went
C. will; do; will go D. are; doing; go
15. My brother ______ the army in 2020. He ______ a soldier for 3 years.
A. joined; has been B. joined; was
C. has joined; has been D. has joined; was
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空（15题）
1. She often ______ (read) books in the evening.
2. They ______ (visit) the Great Wall last year.
3. Listen! Someone ______ (sing) in the next room.
4. My parents ______ (watch) TV at 8 o'clock last night.
5. We ______ (have) a party this weekend.
6. He ______ (not finish) his homework yet.
7. The sun ______ (rise) in the east every day.
8. I ______ (meet) him on the street yesterday.
9. They ______ (play) football when it began to rain.
10. She ______ (be) a teacher for 10 years.
11. We ______ (go) to the cinema if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
12. My sister ______ (study) in this school since 2021.
13. He ______ (write) a letter to his friend now.
14. They ______ (not go) to the park last Sunday.
15. —How long ______ you ______ (live) here
—For 10 years.
三、句型转换（15题）
1. He plays basketball every afternoon. (改为否定句)
He ______ basketball every afternoon.
2. They went to the zoo yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
______ they ______ to the zoo yesterday
3. She is reading a book now. (改为否定句)
She ______ ______ a book now.
4. I was watching TV at 9 o'clock last night. (改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ TV at 9 o'clock last night
5. We will have a picnic next week. (改为否定句)
We ______ ______ a picnic next week.
6. He has finished his homework. (改为一般疑问句)
______ he ______ his homework
7. The students clean the classroom every day. (改为一般疑问句)
______ the students ______ the classroom every day
8. She bought a new bike last month. (改为否定句)
She ______ ______ a new bike last month.
9. They are playing football on the playground. (改为一般疑问句)
______ they ______ football on the playground
10. I will go to the supermarket tomorrow. (改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ to the supermarket tomorrow
11. He has lived here for 5 years. (改为否定句)
He ______ ______ here for 5 years.
12. My father often goes to work by car. (改为一般疑问句)
______ your father often ______ to work by car
13. They visited their grandparents last weekend. (改为否定句)
They ______ ______ their grandparents last weekend.
14. She was cooking dinner when I called her. (改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ dinner when you called her
15. We are going to have a test next Monday. (改为否定句)
We ______ ______ to have a test next Monday.
四、判断下列句子时态是否正确，正确的打"√"，错误的打"×"并改正（15题）
1. He go to school at 7 o'clock every morning. ( )
2. They played basketball now. ( )
3. I will see him yesterday. ( )
4. She has lived in Beijing since 2010. ( )
5. We are having a good time last week. ( )
6. The sun rose in the east. ( )
7. He is reading a book when I came in. ( )
8. They have a meeting yesterday. ( )
9. I will go to the park tomorrow. ( )
10. She was watching TV at 8 o'clock every evening. ( )
11. We have finished our homework just now. ( )
12. He goes to the cinema last night. ( )
13. They are going to visit the museum next week. ( )
14. I am knowing the answer. ( )
15. She has been to Shanghai three times. ( )
五、句子翻译（15题）
1. 他每天早上六点起床。
2. 他们去年去了伦敦。
3. 看！那些孩子正在操场上跑步。
4. 昨天这个时候，我正在写作业。
5. 我们明天将要去野餐。
6. 她已经学英语十年了。
7. 地球绕着太阳转。
8. 我昨天晚上看了一场电影。
9. 当我到达那里时，他们正在开会。
10. 他明天会来看我。
11. 我已经完成了我的工作。
12. 她通常步行去学校。
13. 上周六，我们去爬山了。
14. 他们正在为考试做准备。
15. 自从2015年以来，他就住在这个城市。
答案及解析
一、单项选择题
1. B. goes
解析：描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语"The earth"是第三人称单数，动词加-s。
2. B. goes
解析："every day"表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语"My father"是第三人称单数。
3. B. had
解析："yesterday afternoon"是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时。
4. C. was watching
解析："when my mother came back"表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。
5. C. are playing
解析："Look!"表示动作正在发生，用现在进行时。
6. D. will travel
解析："next month"是将来时间状语，用一般将来时。
7. D. has learned
解析："for 5 years"表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时。
8. B. was
解析："just now"表示刚才，用一般过去时。
9. A. Have; seen; saw
解析：问经历用现在完成时，答具体时间用一般过去时。
10. D. were having
解析："when I arrived"表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。
11. C. will stop
解析："when we go out"是将来时间，主句用一般将来时。
12. B. haven't finished
解析："yet"用于现在完成时，表示尚未完成。
13. D. has taught
解析："since 2018"表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时。
14. C. will; do; will go
解析："tomorrow"是将来时间，问句和答句都用一般将来时。
15. A. joined; has been
解析："in 2020"是过去时间用一般过去时，"for 3 years"用现在完成时。
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. reads（一般现在时，第三人称单数）
2. visited（一般过去时，有last year）
3. is singing（现在进行时，有Listen!）
4. were watching（过去进行时，有at 8 o'clock last night）
5. will have/are going to have（一般将来时，有this weekend）
6. hasn't finished（现在完成时，有yet）
7. rises（一般现在时，客观事实）
8. met（一般过去时，有yesterday）
9. were playing（过去进行时，有when引导的时间状语从句）
10. has been（现在完成时，有for 10 years）
11. will go（一般将来时，条件状语从句）
12. has studied（现在完成时，有since 2021）
13. is writing（现在进行时，有now）
14. didn't go（一般过去时否定，有last Sunday）
15. have; lived（现在完成时，有for 10 years）
三、句型转换
1. doesn't play（一般现在时否定）
2. Did; go（一般过去时疑问）
3. isn't reading（现在进行时否定）
4. Were; watching（过去进行时疑问）
5. won't have（一般将来时否定）
6. Has; finished（现在完成时疑问）
7. Do; clean（一般现在时疑问）
8. didn't buy（一般过去时否定）
9. Are; playing（现在进行时疑问）
10. Will; go（一般将来时疑问）
11. hasn't lived（现在完成时否定）
12. Does; go（一般现在时疑问）
13. didn't visit（一般过去时否定）
14. Was; cooking（过去进行时疑问）
15. aren't going（一般将来时否定）
四、判断并改正
1. × goes（第三人称单数）
2. × are playing（now表示现在进行）
3. × saw（yesterday用一般过去时）
4. √
5. × had（last week用一般过去时）
6. × rises（客观事实用一般现在时）
7. × was reading（when从句用过去进行时）
8. × had（yesterday用一般过去时）
9. √
10. × watches（every evening用一般现在时）
11. × finished（just now用一般过去时）
12. × went（last night用一般过去时）
13. √
14. × know（状态动词不用进行时）
15. √
五、句子翻译
1. He gets up at six every morning.
2. They went to London last year.
3. Look! Those children are running on the playground.
4. I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
5. We will have a picnic tomorrow.
6. She has learned English for ten years.
7. The earth goes around the sun.
8. I saw a film last night.
9. When I arrived there, they were having a meeting.
10. He will come to see me tomorrow.
11. I have finished my work.
12. She usually goes to school on foot.
13. We went climbing last Saturday.
14. They are preparing for the exam.
15. He has lived in this city since 2015.

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