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8AUnit5单词讲练
一、词汇专练
一、）词汇拓展（四会词&短语）：
wild adj.野生的; n.野生状态，自然环境wildlife n.野生动物in the wild 在野外; go wild 变得疯狂；
eagle n.鹰
fox n.狐狸pl. foxes
shark n.鲨鱼
wolf n. (pl. wolves) 狼
king n.大王;国王
tiny adj.极小的 small // little
birth n.出生 at birth出生时;
weigh linking v.有…重 weight n. 重量
satisfying adj. 令人满意的satisfy vi. 令人满意；令人满足; vt. 满足；说服，使相信；使满意，使高兴 过去分词：satisfied adj. 满意的; 满足的; 确信的;现在分词：satisfying 过去式：satisfied 第三人称单数：satisfies;
in the wild 在野外
serious adj. 严重的
even if 即使，尽管
easily adv.很可能;容易地 easy adj.容易的
sick adj.生病的 sickness n.疾病，病 ill adj.生病的; illness n.疾病，病
live on 以吃…为生
mainly adv.主要地main adj.主要的
as a result 因此
government n.政府
action n.行动；
take action 采取行动take action to do sth.
thanks to 多亏，由于thanks for 非常感谢……；谢谢你……；
effort n.努力
increase vi. & vt.增加
protection n.保护protect v. 保护
in danger 处干危险中；out of danger脱离危险；danger n. 【UC】危险；dangerous adj. 危险的；dangerously adv. 危险地；
fat adj. 胖的 fatter/fattest
manage vt. &vi. 完成(困难的事) manage to do sth.// manager n.经理
whale n.鲸
hunt vt. & vi.猎杀 hunter n. 猎人
meaningful adj. 重要的; 有意义的；meaningless adj. 无意义的；meaning n. 意思；意义；mean v. 意思是；意味着；meaningfully adv. 重要地；有意义地；
reason n.理由,原因；cause n. 理由,原因
accept vt. & vi.收受，接受 receive收到；接待；接纳
drop vi. & vt.(使)降低;扔下;掉下dropped/dropping
risk n. 危险，风险;
at risk有危险；at the risk of…冒着……的风险；at great risk冒极大的风险；
at no risk没有风险；at one’s own risk自担风险；
Indian adj.印度(人)的India n.印度
disaster n.灾害
pollution n.污染【UC】pollute v.污染
certain adj.某种、某些
illness n.疾病，病ill adj.生病的；sick adj.生病的 sickness n.疾病，病;
二、）词语辨析：
tiny// small // little
这组词的共同意思是“小”。其区别是：
tiny强调与同类或其他物体比较，小得超出正常比例，有时带强烈的感彩。如：
Though she was tiny, she had a very loud voice.她虽然个头小，嗓音却非常洪亮。
small多指数量、面积、体积、价值、数字或意义等的小或少，指略小于正常的大小。如：
That dress is too small for you.那件连衣裙你穿太小。
注意：small 还可以表示人 “卑微的，渺小的”，和动词 “feel” 和 “look” 搭配使用；如：feel small 感到惭愧不已的；look small 看起来卑微的。
little指在体积、数量、距离、年龄、身材等方面比正常的小，多带主观感彩，含小而可爱或小巧的意味。如：
I am sick of your silly little games! 我厌烦了你无聊的小把戏。
She gave a little laugh.她笑了一笑。
We always fight over the littlest// smallest things. 我们总是因为微不足道的事情而吵架。(形容事情 “不重要、微乎其微”时“little”和“small”都可用。)
giant// huge // big // large
giant与huge都可表示“巨大的”，具体区别如下：
giant只作定语，指比其他同类事物大的。如：He's a giant of a man.他是个巨人。
huge含义很广，指体积、数量、程度方面极大的，但通常不用于重量。huge还可用于a huge amount of，a huge pile of，a huge sum of等短语中，意为“大量的”。如：
large 指代事物的宽幅、地域的面积、体积之大; 其反义词为small。如：
We have a large farm.我们有一个大农场。
big 指代人的个头，体型或小型事物大小状况之大; 其反义词多为little/small。如：
There is a big tree beside the house.房子旁边有一棵大树。
注意区别：
a large box 只说明箱子大，但未必重；
a big box 不仅体积大而且箱子很重。
a big person一个重要的人。（big含义给人以深刻的印象，但身材未必高大）；
a large person一个高大的人。（不一定重要）
此外，big还含义给人以深刻的印象，有时含有“重要”的意思。因此可以用big来修饰problem，但不能用large. 如：
a big problem一个重要的问题。（√）
a large problem一个重要的问题。（×）
sick // ill
1. 两者都可表示“有病的”：
(1) 作定语时通常用 sick。如：
The nurse made the sick man comfortable. 护士使病人感觉舒服。
The sick child was hurried to the hospital. 生病的小孩被赶紧送往医院。
(2) 作表语时可用 ill(英) 或 sick (美)。如：
I was ill (sick) yesterday and I don’t feel any better today. 我昨天病了，今天一点也不觉得比昨天好些。
He was ill (sick) for a week, and during that week he ate nothing. 他病了一个星期，在那一星期里他什么也没吃。
注：在英国英语中，用作表语的sick可用来表示“呕吐的”、“恶心的”、“晕船”或“晕车”等。如：
She feels sick in buses. 她在公共汽车上觉得想呕。
The long train ride made me sick. 长时间搭乘火车使我想吐。
因此若没有上下文, I was sick yesterday. 这类句子可能有歧义(可能表示“我昨天病了”或“我昨天想吐”)。
2. ill 表示“有病的”时，一般不用作定语，但当它表示“坏的(=bad)”“有害的(= harmful)”等义时，却只能作定语，不能作表语。如：
The Blacks had ill luck. 布莱克一家遭了厄运。
It's an ill wind that blows nobody any good. 天下无绝对的坏事。
3. sick 表示“有病的”，可用作表语或定语，但若表示“厌烦的”，则只用作表语，其后通常接介词 of。如：
John is sick of his job. 约翰讨厌他的工作。
He was sick of lying in bed. 他在床上已经躺得厌烦了。
4. 表示“病人”，通常用 the sick (相当于名词 ，具有复数意义)，而不用 the ill。如：
The sick and the aged need our help. 病人和老人需要我们帮助。
They have come to see the sick. 他们已来看望过病人。
5. 在下列短语中，两者一般不宜换用：
sick pay 病假津贴// sick leave 病假;
speak ill of 说某人的坏话 // think ill of 认为……不好
reason/cause
reason与cause作名词时都有“原因”和“理由”的意思。reason通常指产生某种行为或想法的推理上的理由，而cause通常指导致某一事件发生的起因。reason常和for连用，而cause常和of连用。如:
　Please give me your reason for absence .请你把缺席的理由告诉我。
　The cause of the fire is still unknown . 　这场大火的起因还不知道呢。
accept//receive
1.receive 通常指被动地“收到”或“接到”，而 accept 则指主动地“接受”。如：
We haven’t received his letter for a long time. 我们很久没有收到他的来信了。
She offered him a lift and he accepted (it). 她请他坐她的车，他就领情了。
She received his present, but she didn’t accept it. 她收到了他的礼物，但是没有接受。
注意：有时用词要视语言习惯而定，而不能简单地认为 receive＝收到，accept＝接受。如“接受礼物”是 accept a gift, 而“接受教育”却是 receive an education。
2. 表示“接见”、“接待”时，要用 receive 而不用 accept。如：
She was warmly received. 她受到热情接待。
二、即时自测：根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词或短语，注意格、性、数、级的变化。
______________(在野外), many amazing creatures face great ______________(危险). The wild ______________(鹰) flies high, the clever ______________(狐狸) ______________(猎杀) skillfully, the powerful ______________(鲨鱼) glides through oceans, and the brave ______________(狼) travels in groups, a ______________(极小的) baby animal- Xiwang, Six months after her ______________(出生), she ______________(有……重) over 35 kilograms, growing into a lovely, ______________(胖的) ball of fur. There is nothing ______________(令人满意的) than seeing her ______________(完成) to grow up healthy. —yet all of them are ______________(处于危险中) now. Even the huge blue ______________(鲸), the largest animal on Earth, isn’t safe. They face ______________(严重的) problems, and human activities are the biggest ______________(理由,原因).
______________(某种、某些) factors are to blame: first, ______________(猎杀) still happens. Second, ______________(污染)—dirty air and water—makes it hard for wild animals to live healthily. Third, when we take land for our own use, their habitats shrink; giant pandas, for example, ______________(主要以吃…为生) bamboo, but bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. ______________(因此), they may lose homes and enough food, making their numbers ______________(降低) sharply. Besides, natural ______________(灾害) and ______________(疾病) add to their troubles: pandas find it hard to have babies, and ______________(即使，尽管) baby pandas are born, they may ______________(容易地) get ______________(生病的) and die. Luckily, the ______________(政府) has ______________(采取行动) and some ______________(有意义的) steps: there are laws to ______________(保护) giant pandas and more nature reserves for them to live in. Moreover, scientists are working hard to help pandas have more babies. ______________(多亏，由于) all these ______________(努力), the number of giant pandas is slowly ______________(增加).
But wild animals still need our ______________(保护). We must ______________(接受) that protecting wildlife is our duty — after all, every creature plays a part in keeping our planet healthy.
答案：
In the wild, many amazing creatures face great risks. The wild eagle flies high, the clever fox hunts skillfully, the powerful shark glides through oceans, and the brave wolf travels in groups, A tiny baby animal- Xiwang, Six months after her birth, she weighed over 35 kilograms, growing into a lovely, fat ball of fur. There is nothing more satisfying than seeing her manage to grow up healthy. —yet all of them are in danger now. Even the huge blue whale, the largest animal on Earth, isn’t safe. They face serious problems, and human activities are the biggest reason.
Certain factors are to blame: first, hunting still happens. Second, pollution—dirty air and water—makes it hard for wild animals to live healthily. Third, when we take land for our own use, their habitats shrink; giant pandas, for example, live mainly on bamboo, but bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. As a result, they may lose homes and enough food, making their numbers drop sharply. Besides, natural disasters and illnesses add to their troubles: pandas find it hard to have babies, and even if baby pandas are born, they may easily get sick and die. Luckily, the government has taken action and some meaningful steps: there are laws to protect giant pandas and more nature reserves for them to live in. Moreover, scientists are working hard to help pandas have more babies. Thanks to all these efforts, the number of giant pandas is slowly increasing.
But wild animals still need our protection. We must accept that protecting wildlife is our duty — after all, every creature plays a part in keeping our planet healthy.

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