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8AUnit7单词讲练
一、词汇专练
一、）词汇拓展（四会词&短语）：
penguin n.企鹅
climate n. 气候 weather
include vt.包括; including prep.包括…在内;
around adv.大约
hold vt.容纳;拿着; 举行
return vi. 返回，回去，回来=go back
get rid of 清除;摆脱
store vt.贮存
act vi.起作用;行动; vt.& vi. 扮演 action n. 行动;
nearly adv.几乎，差不多，将近；
harmful adj.有害的harm vt. & n.伤害，损害;
therefore adv.因此 so
slow down (使)慢下来
sadly adv.不幸地; 悲伤地sad adj.不幸的; 悲伤的；sadness n. 悲伤
ton n.吨
harm vt. & n.伤害，损害; harmful adj.有害的；
wildlife n.野生动物wild+ life →wildlife wild adj.野生的; n.野生状态，自然环境;
quite a few 相当多，不少
noisy adj. 充满噪声的; 吵闹的; noise n. 噪声；noisily adv.喧闹地；嘈杂地；
system n.系统;体系
cause vt.使发生，造成，导致; n.原因;理由;
north - east n., adj. & adv.东北; 东北方的; 向东北方
cover n. 躲避处; 罩子
stay n.停留,逗留 v.待；呆；
lead vi. 造成(后果);
lead to导致
create vt.创建，创造; creative adj. 创造性的; 创意的; 有创造力的; creation n. 创造; 创作; 创建; 创造物;
set up 建立
balanced adj.保持平衡的; balance n.& v. 平衡
knowledge n.知识【UC】
sir n.先生
madam n. 女士
kill vt. &vi. 杀死
solve vt.解决;解答
environmental adj. 环境的; environment n. 环境
二、）词语辨析：
climate // weather
weather 意为“天气”，指某特定地区在一定时间的气象情况，为不可数名词，不能在前面加不定冠词；但在表示“各种各样的天气”，或“不论哪种天气”时，weather用复数。如：
She goes out in all weathers. 她不管刮风下雨都出去。
What was the weather like on your vacation 你们去度假时天气怎么样？
注意：weather还有动词和形容词词性。weather v. （因受风吹、日晒、雨淋等，使）退色，变色，变形；风干，风化，受风蚀；经受风雨，耐久。weather adj. <海>上风的，向风一侧的；露天的。短语搭配：keep a weather eye on sb/sth对……随时留意；对……小心提防；如：
Her face was weathered (vt.) by the sun.她的脸晒黑了。
Street committees keep a weather (adj.) eye on the families in their district.街道委员会留意所辖区域内的家家户户。
climate意为“气候”，指一个地方长期的较为固定的气候状态。还可用作比喻。如：
A drier climate would be good for her health.气候干燥的地区会对他的健康有益。
The economic climate remains uncertain.经济形势依然不确定。
In the present climate, owners are hanging on to old ships.在目前的形势下，船主们都不愿淘汰掉旧船。
therefore // so
therefore是副词，意思是“因此；所以”；有两种用法，一在整句中，一在分句中。
1).整句中时一般不放句末，它可以放在句首，后面加逗号，也可以放在句中作为插入语，用法比较正式。如：
Therefore，we must learn English well. 因此，我们必须学好英语。
Many fast food restaurants , therefore, have red furniture or walls. 因此，许多快餐店都使用红色家具或墙壁。
2).用在分句中，即一个句子一部分表示原因一部分表示结果。这时词前一般要用分号，其后用不用逗号无所谓。若第二个分句前是逗号或无符号，则要注意therefore是副词，和so不一样，要保持句子完整，应用and therefore。如：
I had a headache; therefore I could not go to your party. 我头痛，所以不能去参加你的聚会。
I was ill, and therefore could not come. 我病了，所以不能来。
These birds are very beautiful and therefore liked by many people. 这些鸟很漂亮，因此受到许多人的喜爱。
so 作副词意为“（表示程度）这么，如此；很”；作连词意为“（表示因果关系）所以；（引出结果）因此；（表示目的）为了。” so常用于口语中。如：
He hurt his leg, so he couldn’t play in the game.他伤了腿，所以他不能在这个比赛当中玩。
So, I guess we have to do this.那么，我想我们不得不这么做。
If you can do it , so can I.所以，如果我能做到，我知道你可以。
He took her arm and hurried her upstairs so that they wouldn't be overheard.他抓着她的手臂，急忙将她拉上楼，这样他们就不会被偷听了。
二、即时自测：根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词或短语，注意格、性、数、级的变化。
Protecting Penguins
____________ (企鹅) live around the cold areas of the world. But today, the ____________ (气候) is changing, which brings many ____________ (有害的) effects. ____________ (不幸地), ____________ (相当多) penguins are in danger now.
First, people ____________ (创建) too much pollution. Factories ____________ (贮存) waste badly and sometimes ____________ (造成) oil leaks. Oil can ____________ (覆盖) penguins’ bodies, making it hard for them to swim. This can even ____________ (杀死) them. Second, the ____________ (吵闹的) ships and new buildings ____________ (伤害，损害) the penguins’ living places. The loud sounds make the wildlife scared, and they can’t have a peaceful ____________ (停留,逗留).
____________ (因此), we must ____________ (行动) now to help. We should get rid of bad habits like throwing rubbish. Governments need to ____________ (建立) rules to ____________ (慢下来) pollution. Everyone should learn more environmental ____________ (知识) to protect nature. A balanced ecosystem is important for all living things.
If we all ____________ (容纳; 坚持) on to these efforts, we can ____________ (返回，回去) a safe home to penguins. Next time you see a poster about wildlife protection, tell your friends: even a small step can ____________ (导致) a big change. And remember to be polite—say “____________ (先生)” or “____________ (女士)” when asking experts for help!
答案：
Protecting Penguins
Penguins live around the cold areas of the world. But today, the climate is changing, which brings many harmful effects. Sadly, quite a few penguins are in danger now.
First, people create too much pollution. Factories store waste badly and sometimes cause oil leaks. Oil can cover penguins’ bodies, making it hard for them to swim. This can even kill them. Second, the noisy ships and new buildings harm the penguins’ living places. The loud sounds make the wildlife scared, and they can’t have a peaceful stay.
Therefore, we must act now to help. We should get rid of bad habits like throwing rubbish. Governments need to set up rules to slow down pollution. Everyone should learn more environmental knowledge to protect nature. A balanced ecosystem is important for all living things.
If we all hold on to these efforts, we can return a safe home to penguins. Next time you see a poster about wildlife protection, tell your friends: even a small step can lead to a big change. And remember to be polite—say “sir” or “madam” when asking experts for help!

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