资源简介

Unit 4 Inventions 发明
1. The important words, phrases and sentences
When the first humans decided to leave their homes over 100,000 years ago in search of new
places to live and better sources of food, they did it on foot.
当第一批人类在 10 万多年前决定离开家园，寻找新的居住地和更充足的食物来源时，他们靠步行完成迁徙。
Humans continued walking across the globe for the next 94,000 years, until about 6,000 years
ago when a number of important changes took place.
此后的 9.4 万年里人类持续徒步穿越全球，直到约 6000 年前，一系列重要变革发生。
For instance, in the Central Asian country of Kazakhstan, people started to ride horses.
例如，在中亚国家哈萨克斯坦，人们开始骑马。
Although this meant that people could travel further and faster, transporting large amounts
of goods was still a difficult job.
尽管这意味着人类可以更快更远地出行，但运输大量货物仍是难题。
They soon attached wheels to horse-pulled vehicles.
很快，人们将轮子安装在马拉的交通工具上。
This invention increased national and international trade.
这一发明促进了国内和国际贸易的发展。
These old paths quickly became extremely difficult to use in wet weather.
这些旧道路在雨天很快就变得难以通行。
The Romans then invented new road-building techniques.
随后罗马人发明了新的筑路技术。
Windmills, clocks and other machines all use wheels, and the Industrial Revolution
depended on the wheel.
风车、钟表和其他机械都要用到轮子，工业革命也依赖于轮子。
Without doubt, the wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time.
毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。
The speaker personally likes the invention very much.
说话者个人非常喜欢这项发明。
It’s too early to make any predictions about the election results.
现在对选举结果做出预测还为时过早。
Are the following statements true or false
下面的说法对还是错？
Don’t make fun of me.
不要取笑我。
I’ve had the benefit of a good education.
我得益于受过良好教育。
You can travel farther distances in less time.
人们可以旅行时间更短，距离更远。
Instead of petrol, the car uses solar power, so it will not pollute the air.
这种汽车利用太阳能而非汽油，所以不会污染空气。
My invention will help people avoid traffic jams.
我的发明将帮助人们避免交通堵塞。
People can fly anywhere they like and enjoy the view at the same time.
人们可以飞去任何想去的地方，同时也可以享受沿途的风景。
He was so busy that he didn’t notice her.
他太忙，没有注意到她。
First, spread out a mixture of pine gum, wax and paper ash on a metal plate.
首先，把松脂、石蜡和纸灰混合物在一张金属盘上摊开。
Next, put each piece of type on the plate and fix them with a frame.
然后把每一块活字放在盘子上并用框架固定住。
After that, heat it up so that the mixture will melt.
之后加热金属盘，其上松脂、石蜡、纸灰混合物融化。
Then press down on the clay characters with a board to make sure the surface is even.
然后用一张硬板按压于胶泥字块上，以使表面平整。
2. Grammar
某些形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad worse worst
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
many/much more most
little少 less least
e.g.
Many inventions make people’s lives better.
People work best in the morning.
The invention of the wheel allowed people to travel farther distances.
Can you stand a bit further away
等同比较
表示两个比较对象在某些方面等同
肯定式：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as
e.g.
You will be as free as a bird.
Although he works as hard as Jack, he just can not catch up with him.
否定式：not as/so +形容词/副词原级 + as
e.g.
The weather will be sunny and hot by the end of the week, but not as hot as today.
It tastes not so good as that one.
Horse-pulled vehicles can not run as fast as the train.
★ 拓展：as + 形容词原级&名词 + as
e.g.
With electric lights, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.
A candle does not produce as much light as a light bulb.
You’ve made as perfect a wheel as mine.
3. Practice
单词和短语汉译英
单词和短语英译汉
序号 英文 中文 序号 英文 中文
balloon (n.) notice (v.)
wheel (n.) type (n.)
central (adj.) mixture (n.)
although (conj.) heat (v.)
attach (v.) press (v.)
pull (v.) metal (n.)
international (adj.) steam locomotive
path (n.) crewed spacecraft
technique (n.) on foot
depend (v.) a number of
doubt (n.) take place
personally (adv.) for instance
prediction (n.) large amounts of
statement (n.) international trade
benefit (n.) depend on
wing (n.) 3D printer
distance (n.) without doubt
petrol (n.) of all time
avoid (v.) make fun of
anywhere (adv.) traffic jam
完成句子
When the first humans decided to leave their homes over 100,000 years ago ______ ______
______ new places to live and better sources of food, they did it ______ ______.
当第一批人类在 10 万多年前决定离开家园，寻找新的居住地和更充足的食物来源时，他们靠步行完成迁徙。
She went into the kitchen ______ ______ ______ a drink. 她进了厨房，想找点喝的。
She is ______ her bag ______the cellphone. 她在包里搜寻手机。
Humans continued walking across the globe for the next 94,000 years, until about 6,000 years
ago when ______ ______ ______ important changes ______ ______.
此后的 9.4 万年里人类持续徒步穿越全球，直到约 6000 年前，一系列重要变革发生。
Huge ______ of animals have died because of the water pollution of this river.
已有大量动物因这条河的水污染而死亡。
The next meeting will ______ ______ on Thursday. 下一次会议将于周四进行。
______ ______, in the ______ Asian country of Kazakhstan, people started to ride horses.
例如，在中亚国家哈萨克斯坦，人们开始骑马。
______ this meant that people could travel ______ and faster, transporting ______ ______
______ goods was still a difficult job.
尽管这意味着人类可以更快更远地出行，但运输大量货物仍是难题。
It’s not ______. It’ll take you about ten minutes ______ ______.
不远，走路大概要10分钟。
That’s a ______ better idea. 那个主意好得多。
I can’t go any ______. 我不能走得更远了（走不动了）。
______ the sun was shining it wasn’t very warm. 尽管太阳高照，却不很暖和。
We use a huge ______ of paper in the office every day.
我们在办公室每天要用大量的纸。
They soon ______ ______ ______ horse-______ vehicles.
很快，人们将轮子安装在马拉的交通工具上。
______ the coupon ______ the front of your letter. 把优惠券附在信的正面。
She ______ him gently towards her. 她把他轻轻地拉向自己。
This invention increased national and ______ ______.
这一发明促进了国内和国际贸易的发展。
These old ______ quickly became extremely difficult to use in wet weather.
这些旧道路在雨天很快就变得难以通行。
The Romans then invented new road-building ______. 随后罗马人发明了新的筑路技术。
Her ______ has improved a lot over the past season.
在过去的一个赛季里，她的技术大有长进。
Windmills, clocks and other machines all use ______, and the Industrial Revolution
______ ______ the ______.
风车、钟表和其他机械都要用到轮子，工业革命也依赖于轮子。
I don’t want to ______ too much ______ my parents. 我不想过度依靠父母。
______ ______, the ______ is one of the most important inventions ______ ______ ______.
毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。
The speaker ______ likes the invention very much. 说话者个人非常喜欢这项发明。
Of course, this is just a ______ opinion. 当然了，这只是个人意见。
All letters will be answered ______. 一切信函都将由本人亲自答复。
It’s too early to ______ any ______ about the election results.
现在对选举结果做出预测还为时过早。
Are the following ______ true or false 下面的说法对还是错？
Don’t ______ ______ ______ me. 不要取笑我。
I’ve had the ______ of a good education. 我得益于受过良好教育。
You can travel ______ ______ in less time. 人们的旅行时间可以更短，距离更远。
What’s the ______ between the earth and the moon 地球和月亮之间距离是多少？
Instead of ______, the car uses solar power, so it will not pollute the air.
这种汽车利用太阳能而非汽油，所以不会污染空气。
My invention will help people ______ ______ ______.
我的发明将帮助人们避免交通堵塞。
I try to ______ ______(play) with the phone after 11 p.m.
我努力不让自己晚上11点后玩手机。
People can fly ______ they like and enjoy the view at the same time.
人们可以飞去任何想去的地方，同时也可以享受沿途的风景。
He was so busy that he didn’t ______ her. 他太忙，没有注意到她。
People were ______ ______ ______ him but he didn’t seem to ______.
人们在跟他开玩笑，但他好像没意识到。
First, spread out a ______ of pine gum, wax and paper ash on a ______ plate.
首先，把松脂、石蜡和纸灰混合物在一张金属盘上摊开。
The city is ______ ______ ______ old and new buildings.
这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。
Next, put each piece of ______ on the plate and ______ them with a frame.
然后把每一块活字放在盘子上并用框架固定住。
We ______ the bookcase ______ the wall. 我们把书架固定在墙上。
After that, ______ it ______ so that the ______ will melt.
之后加热金属盘，其上松脂、石蜡、纸灰混合物融化。
Just ______ ______ the food in the microwave. 把食物放在微波炉里加热就行了。
Then ______ down on the clay characters with a board to make sure the surface is even.
然后用一张硬板按压于胶泥字块上，以使表面平整。
She ______ her face against the window. 她把脸贴在窗子上。
答案：
She went into the kitchen in search of a drink. 她进了厨房，想找点喝的。
She is searching her bag for the cellphone. 她在包里搜寻手机。
Huge numbers of animals have died because of the water pollution of this river.
已有大量动物因这条河的水污染而死亡。
The next meeting will take place on Thursday. 下一次会议将于周四进行。
It’s not far. It’ll take you about ten minutes on foot. 不远，走路大概要10分钟。
That’s a far better idea. 那个主意好得多。
I can’t go any farther/further. 我不能走得更远了（走不动了）。
Although the sun was shining it wasn’t very warm. 尽管太阳高照，却不很暖和。
We use a huge amount of paper in the office every day. 我们在办公室每天要用大量的纸。
Attach the coupon to the front of your letter. 把优惠券附在信的正面。
She pulled him gently towards her. 她把他轻轻地拉向自己。
Her technique has improved a lot over the past season.
在过去的一个赛季里，她的技术大有长进。
I don’t want to depend too much on my parents. 我不想过度依靠父母。
Of course, this is just a personal opinion. 当然了，这只是个人意见。
All letters will be answered personally. 一切信函都将由本人亲自答复。
What’s the distance between the earth and the moon 地球和月亮之间距离是多少？
I try to avoid playing with the phone after 11 p.m. 我努力不让自己晚上11点后玩手机。
People were making fun of him but he didn’t seem to notice.
人们在跟他开玩笑，但他好像没意识到。
The city is a mixture of old and new buildings. 这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。
We fixed the bookcase to the wall. 我们把书架固定在墙上。
Just heat up the food in the microwave. 把食物放在微波炉里加热就行了。
She pressed her face against the window. 她把脸贴在窗子上。

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