资源简介

Unit 4 The Earth 地球
1. The important words, phrases and sentences
This amazing planet is around 4.5 billion years old.
这个神奇的星球大约有四十五亿岁了。
About 70% of the Earth is covered by the sea.
地球表面大约70%的部分由海洋所覆盖。
As far as we know, out of all the planets in the solar system, only one, the Earth, can support life.
据我们所知，在太阳系所有的行星中只有一颗——地球，能够支持生命。
Some are freezing cold, like the North and South Poles.
有些地方极度寒冷，比如北极和南极。
The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level.
地球上最高的山海拔超过8800米。
The tallest trees in the world can reach over 100 metres in height.
世界上最高的树可以达到100米以上的高度。
The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice.
最小的植物就像一粒米一样小。
Other animals, like birds, enjoy the wide open sky.
其他动物，如鸟类，享受着广阔的天空。
Big blue whales call the sea home, along with many amazing fish.
巨大的蓝鲸以及许多神奇的鱼类以大海为家。
And what’s more, the Earth provides us with all the things we need, such as food, water, air
and energy.
更重要的是，地球为我们提供了需要的一切，比如食物、水、空气和能源。
Let’s explore, learn about and take care of our home.
让我们一起探索、了解和照顾我们的家园吧。
Fish and other sea animals eat plastic rubbish and get ill.
鱼类还有其他海洋生物吃塑料垃圾，从而感到不适。
People use a lot of dangerous farm chemicals. There is less and less clean groundwater.
人类使用了许多危险的农业化学品，由此干净的地下水越来越少。
People burn oil and gas to make energy. There are more and more harmful gases.
人们燃烧石油和天然气来获取能源。有害气体越来越多。
We want your ideas on how to protect the Earth.
我们想要你的关于如何保护地球的主意。
Sea animals are dying because of plastic pollution.
因为塑料污染，海洋生物面临灭绝的危险。
Bring our own shopping bags to the supermarkets.
带上我们自己的购物袋去超市。
For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt.
数百年来，皇帝都会去那里狩猎。
There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. Saihanba slowly turned
into a desert.
有森林大火还有战争，人类也砍伐森林。塞罕坝逐渐变成了沙漠。
When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area.
森林消失后，北京地区出现了可怕的沙尘暴。
In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution.
1960年代早期，一队科学家来到塞罕坝为找到一个解决办法。
The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many
young trees.
寒冷干燥的气候使得工作开展异常艰难，强风把许多树苗吹跑。
Three generations of forest workers continued the hard work.
三代植树工作者持续接力这项艰难的任务。
2. Grammar
There be结构
意义：
表示“存在”，某地有某东西、存在某个现象、有某事发生、有某数量等等
e.g.
There is more and more plastic pollution in the sea. （某地存在某东西）
There is a big difference between paper bags and plastic bags. The paper ones are friendly to the environment. （存在某个事实、现象）
There are three of them sitting at a table. （谈论数量）
语法特点：
倒装句，句首there没有明确的意义，主语在be动词之后，be要与后面的主语保持人称和数的一致
e.g.
There are many white (clouds) above the ground.
↓
主语
There is a lot of (paper) in the blue bin for recyclable waste.
↓
主 语
并列结构作主语，be动词形式按照“就近一致”原则处理
e.g.
远
There are always many paper (bags) and a lot of plastic (rubbish) on the beaches.
近 ↓
与这位保持一致
远
There is always a lot of plastic (rubbish) and many paper (bags) on the beaches.
近 ↓
与这位保持一致
否定句，be动词后加not，never等否定词，或在名词前加no
e.g.
There is not enough clean groundwater for all of us.
There are no shops open for this time at night.
疑问句，一般疑问，be动词提前，特殊疑问再冠以特殊疑问词
e.g.
Are there any other things we can do to help
Why are there fewer and fewer fish in the sea each year
时态，不可以用于进行时，其他时态都可以
e.g.
There is going to be a football game between the two classes next week.
When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area.
3. Practice
完成句子
This ______ ______ is around 4.5 ______ years old.
这个神奇的星球大约有四十五亿岁了。
About 70% of the Earth ______ ______ ______ the sea.
地球表面大约70%的部分由海洋所覆盖。
Snow ______ the ground. 大雪覆盖了大地。
She ______ her face ______ her hands. 她双手掩面。
______ ______ ______ ______ ______, out of all the ______ in the ______ ______, only one, the Earth, can support life.
据我们所知，在太阳系所有的行星中只有一颗——地球，能够支持生命。
______ ______ ______ I can see, you’ve done nothing wrong.
依我看，你没有做错任何事。
She lived in Nansha, ______ ______ ______ I can ______.
据我所记得的，她过去住在南沙。
Some are ______ cold, like the ______ and South ______.
有些地方极度寒冷，比如北极和南极。
a tent ______ 帐篷支柱
The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 ______ above ______ ______.
地球上最高的山海拔超过8800米。
The tallest trees in the world can ______ over 100 ______ in height.
世界上最高的树可以达到100米以上的高度。
He did not stop until he ______ the door. 他走到门边才停下。
Daytime temperatures can ______ 40 C. 白天的气温可以达到40摄氏度。
She ______ inside her bag ______ a pen. 她伸手到包里掏钢笔。
He ______ ______ his hand to touch his back. 他伸出手去摸他的背。
The smallest plant is as small as a ______ of rice. 最小的植物就像一粒米一样小。
______ ______ ______ salt / sand / sugar 一粒盐 / 沙 / 砂糖
Other animals, like birds, enjoy the ______ open sky.
其他动物，如鸟类，享受着广阔的天空。
Big blue ______ call the sea home, along with many ______ fish.
巨大的蓝鲸以及许多神奇的鱼类以大海为家。
And ______ ______, the Earth ______ us ______ all the things we need, such as food, water,
air and ______.
更重要的是，地球为我们提供了需要的一切，比如食物、水、空气和能源。
The earth ______ all the things we need ______ us. 地球为我们提供了需要的一切。
She put all her ______ into her work. 她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。
We can use the wind to produce clean ______. 我们可以利用风来产生清洁能源。
Let’s ______, learn about and take care of our home.
让我们一起探索、了解和照顾我们的家园吧。
The best way to ______ Shawan Town is on foot. 探索沙湾古镇最好的方式是步行。
Fish and other sea animals eat ______ ______ and get ill.
鱼类还有其他海洋生物吃塑料垃圾，从而感到不适。
People use a lot of dangerous farm ______. There is less and less clean ______.
人类使用了许多危险的农业化学品，由此干净的地下水越来越少。
People ______ ______ and ______ to make ______. There are more and more ______
______.
人们燃烧石油和天然气来获取能源。有害气体越来越多。
By nightfall the whole city was ______. 到黄昏时，全城已是一片火海。
Fruit juices can be ______ ______ our teeth. 果汁对我们的牙齿有害。
We want your ideas on how to ______ the Earth.
我们想要你的关于如何保护地球的主意。
This down jacket can ______ you ______ the freezing cold even when it’s as cold as -40℃.
这件羽绒服能帮你抵抗极寒，即使在零下40摄氏度的情况下也没问题。
Sea animals are dying because of ______ ______.
因为塑料污染，海洋生物面临灭绝的危险。
Bring our ______ shopping bags to the supermarkets. 带上我们自己的购物袋去超市。
I saw it with ______ ______ eyes. 我亲眼看见的。
For ______ ______ years, the ______ went there to ______.
数百年来，皇帝都会去那里狩猎。
The Japanese continue to ______ and kill ______ for food or for fun, even though the whole world are trying to ______ them.
即使全世界都在尽力保护鲸鱼，日本人仍然继续猎杀鲸鱼或吃肉或为取乐。
She is still ______ ______ a new job. 她还在找新工作。
There were forest fires and ______, and people ______ ______ many trees. Saihanba slowly
______ ______ a ______.
有森林大火还有战争，人类也砍伐森林。塞罕坝逐渐变成了沙漠。
The witch ______ the prince ______ a frog. 女巫把王子变成了一只青蛙。
When the forest ______, there were terrible ______ in the Beijing ______.
森林消失后，北京地区出现了可怕的沙尘暴。
In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a ______.
1960年代早期，一队科学家来到塞罕坝为找到一个解决办法。
There’s no simple ______ ______ this problem. 这个问题没有简单的解决办法。
The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds ______ ______
many young trees.
寒冷干燥的气候使得工作开展异常艰难，强风把许多树苗吹跑。
A cold wind ______ from the north. 北边吹来一股冷风。
She ______ the hair off the book. 她吹掉了书上的头发。
Three ______ of forest workers continued the hard work.
三代植树工作者持续接力这项艰难的任务。
My family have lived in this house for ______. 我们家在这房子里已经住了好几代了。
答案：
Snow covered the ground.大雪覆盖了大地。
She covered her face with her hands.她双手掩面。
As far as I can see, you’ve done nothing wrong.依我看，你没有做错任何事。
She lived in Nansha, as far as I can remember.据我所记得的，她过去住在南沙。
a tent pole帐篷支柱
He did not stop until he reached the door. 他走到门边才停下。
Daytime temperatures can reach 40 C.白天的气温可以达到40摄氏度。
She reached inside her bag for a pen.她伸手到包里掏钢笔。
He reached out his hand to touch his back.他伸出手去摸他的背。
a grain of salt / sand / sugar一粒盐 / 沙 / 砂糖
The earth provides all the things we need for us.地球为我们提供了需要的一切。
She put all her energies into her work.她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。
We can use the wind to produce clean energy.我们可以利用风来产生清洁能源。
The best way to explore Shawan Town is on foot.探索沙湾古镇最好的方式是步行。
By nightfall the whole city was burning.到黄昏时，全城已是一片火海。
Fruit juices can be harmful to our teeth.果汁对我们的牙齿有害。
This down jacket can protect you from the freezing cold even when it is as cold as -40℃.
这件羽绒服能帮你抵抗极寒，即使在零下40摄氏度的情况下也没问题。
I saw it with my own eyes.我亲眼看见的。
The Japanese continue to hunt and kill whales for food or for fun, even though the whole world are trying to protect them.
即使全世界都在尽力保护鲸鱼，日本人仍然继续猎杀鲸鱼或吃肉或为取乐。
She is still hunting for a new job.她还在找新工作。
The witch turned the prince into a frog.女巫把王子变成了一只青蛙。
There’s no simple solution to this problem.这个问题没有简单的解决办法。
A cold wind blew from the north.北边吹来一股冷风。
She blew the hair off the book.她吹掉了书上的头发。
My family have lived in this house for generations.我们家在这房子里已经住了好几代了。

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