资源简介

(共10张PPT)
必修第二册
话题语境 核心素养
　　本单元的主题语境为人与自我中的做人与做事，该主题语境主要涉及优秀品行、正确的人生态度、生命的意义与价值。其对学生的学习和生活影响非常深刻。通过本单元的学习，学生将对自己所钦佩的人有新的认知，使他们懂得什么样的人才能称得上优秀，什么样的人生观才是正确的。同时，学生还需在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等方面得到融合发展。 思维品质：在阅读中形成独立的推断，分析和归纳能力。
学习能力：运用略读等技巧，快速获取文章信息。运用总结主题句的方法提炼文章主旨大意。
文化意识：了解和学习世界上为人类做出巨大贡献的模范人物，学习他们优秀的人生观和工作、处事的方法及原则。
语言能力：掌握本单元的词汇和句型，学会“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法，掌握同义词和反义词的基本语法。
话题导入·思维激活
屠呦呦，中国首位诺贝尔医学奖获得者，发现的抗疟药物青蒿素挽救了数百万人的生命。2019年9月17日，她被授予“共和国勋章”。
As the first Chinese female scientist to win a Nobel prize (in physiology or medicine) in 2015，what were Tu Youyou's formative experiences and the major events that shaped her life？How did this remarkable woman—without a medical degree, doctorate(博士头衔)or overseas work experience—make such a valuable contribution to the control of malaria(疟疾)
During early clinical trials，Tu traveled to malaria-endemic areas of Hainan and was the first to test her medicine on herself to ensure it was safe after the drug had shown promising results in mice and monkeys.Only then were the clinical trials expanded to include other humans.
Suffering from tuberculosis(肺结核)at the age of 16，Tu Youyou recovered two years later with a determination to make up for the lost time.In fact，the illness was the making of her；it sparked an interest in medicine and pharmacology and a desire to help save the lives of others. Indifferent to fame and wealth，and courageous in the pursuit of truth，she went on to make remarkable scientific achievements.
Tu Youyou was among the first intake of female college students in the new China.She made the most of this good fortune by devoting herself to decades of quiet and patient labor in which she accepted Chairman Mao Zedong's quest for the country to combine traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine.
Separated from her family，she led a national research group code—named “Mission 123” tasked with developing anti-malarial drugs from Chinese medicines. Exposing_themselves_to_considerable_hardship_and_danger，the _team's_pioneering_work_led_to_the_discovery_of_artemisinin(青蒿素)，a_ drug_therapy_that_has_since_saved_millions_of_lives_across_the_globe，especially_in_developing_countries.
【词海淘宝】
1．overseas adj.　 (在﹑向﹑来自等)海外的，国外的
2．trial n. 测试，试验，考验
3．include vt. 包含，包括
4．determination n. 决心，决定
5．the making of sb. 使某人成功或顺利
6．indifferent adj. 不感兴趣的，漠不关心的
7．quest n. 寻求；寻找；搜索
【翻译句子】
Exposing themselves to considerable hardship and danger，the team's pioneering work led to the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素), a drug therapy that has since saved millions of lives across the globe, especially in developing countries.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
尽管暴露在相当大的困难和危险中，该小组的开创性工作导致发现了青蒿素，这是一种药物疗法，此后在全球拯救了数百万人的生命，特别是在发展中国家。
本部分内容讲解结束
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Section Ⅲ　WRITING WORKSHOP，VIEWING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB
语篇研析·教材精读
Ⅰ.重点单词
(一)选用下面的单词并用其适当形式填空
summary；daring；originally
1．It was __________ planned to put up a big building here.
2．His ______ rescue saved the lives of the youngsters.
3．Here's a _______ of the day's news.
originally
daring
summary
词
汇
预
习
(二)写出下列词汇的派生词
1．dare v．敢于；胆敢→______ adj.勇敢的
2．original adj.原来的；起初的；最早的 n．原件→__________ adv.原先，最初
daring
originally
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．turn ___sb.for help　　向……寻求帮助
2．major ____ 主修；以……为专业
3．___order to 为了
4．______ least 至少
5．call _____ 要求
6．lift _____ 发射
7．have ___ chance to do sth. 有机会做
8．______ spite of 尽管……(仍……)； 虽然；不顾
to
in
in
at
for
off
a
in
Step 1　Fast reading
Read the text quickly and answer the following question.
Why was Tu Youyou awarded a Nobel Prize on 7 December，2015
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
教
材
精
读
Because of her discovery of artemisinin，a life-saving drug for malaria.
Step 2　Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
Why did Tu Youyou turn to Chinese herbs for help in finding the drug for malaria
A．Because worldwide scientists failed to find a cure using modern chemicals.
B．Because she majored in medicine in university and later studied Chinese medicine.
C．Because she had limited resources and had hundreds of failed experiments.
D．Because they discovered the most effective drug in Chinese medicine.
答案：A
Step 3　Post reading
According to the text fill in the blanks with an appropriate word or the correct form of the words in brackets.
On 7 December，2015，Tu Youyou was awarded a Nobel Prize 1._______her discovery of artemisinin，a life-saving drug for malaria.
Tu Youyou majored 2._____ medicine in university and later studied Chinese medicine 3.______ experts in the field.
for
in
with
In 1969，Tu Youyou was given the mission 4._________ (set) up a team to find a cure for malaria.When worldwide scientists failed 5.__________ (find) a cure 6._____ (use)modern chemicals，Tu Youyou turned 7.______ Chinese herbs for help.Despite their 8.________(limit)resources and hundreds of failed experiments，they found 9.____ possible chemical.In order to test the medicine，Tu Youyou and her team tested the medicine 10.______ their own bodies.They finally discovered the most effective drug to cure the disease.
to set
to find
using
to
limited
a
on
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Dutch designer Daan Roosegaarde has spent much of his time seeking artistic solutions (解决方案) to solve our environmental problems.His past projects include “Bioluminescent(生物发光) Trees” to light streets，a “Smog-Free Tower” to clean Beijing's polluted air，and “Gates of Light”，which uses the headlamps of passing cars to light up the 60 floodgates of the Afsluitdijk，a major dam in the Netherlands.Now，he is hoping to use his skills to solve a pressing global problem—space junk!
Scientists guess that there are over 500，000 bits of large rubbish.To deal with the problem，Roosegaarde intends to achieve his goal by educating the public about the need of the situation and coming up with possible solutions.The plan, called the Space Waste Lab, started in October 2018 with a laser(激光)show in the Netherlands.The unique outdoor artwork of LEDs used real-time tracking information to point at pieces of space junk floating at altitudes of 200 to 20，000 kilometers.The experience was designed to make the public know more about how much space junk there are.
To find a solution，the designer has been thinking with experts.One of the projects being considered is “Shooting Stars”，which attempts to reintroduce the trash to the atmosphere in a controlled way.Upon reentry，the waste would burn in the atmosphere like a shooting star.Roosegaarde envisages that if successful, burning space trash could someday replace fireworks at large public events!
In September 2018, the RemoveDebris satellite successfully sent a net to catch a target while orbiting at an altitude of about 300 kilometers(190 miles)．Sometime this year，the capsule will set free a harpoon that has been designed to remove space trash.At the end of its task，RemoveDebris will let go a sail to bring the satellite itself，and，hopefully some trash，back into the atmosphere，where it will burn up.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位荷兰设计师试图通过艺术形式有创意地解决太空垃圾问题。
1．What can we infer about Daan Roosegaarde
A．He is too aggressive to put forward good plans.
B．He is creative in solving environmental problems.
C．He is fond of spending all of his time seeking art skills.
D．He is sensitive to art reflected in environmental projects.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“His past projects include ‘Bioluminescent(生物发光)Trees’ to light streets，a ‘Smog-Free Tower’ to clean Beijing's polluted air，and ‘Gates of Light’，which uses the headlamps of passing cars to light up the 60 floodgates of the Afsluitdijk，a major dam in the Netherlands.”可知，他过去的项目包括点亮街道的生物发光树，净化北京污染空气的雾霾净化塔以及荷兰一座大坝的防洪闸，由此可知，丹·罗斯加德在解决环境问题上很有创造力，故B项正确。
2．Why was a laser show held in October 2018
A．To confirm real-time information about space trash.
B．To show the great beauty of LEDs to common people.
C．To raise public awareness of the amount of space trash.
D．To inspire people to consider the solution to space trash.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The unique outdoor artwork of LEDs used real-time tracking information to point at pieces of space junk floating at altitudes of 200 to 20，000 kilometers. The experience was designed to make the public know more about how much space junk there are.”可知，举办这个激光秀的目的是提高公众对太空垃圾数量的认识，故C项正确。
3．What does the underlined word “envisages” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Suspects.　　　 B．Demands.
C．Advises. D．Imagines.
解析：D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“that if successful，burning space trash could someday replace fireworks at large public events！”可知，丹·罗斯加德设想，如果成功的话，焚烧太空垃圾有一天会取代大型活动中的烟火，由此可知画线词为“设想、想象”，故D项正确。
4．What is the function of a sail
A．Bringing the satellite to atmosphere to burn.
B．Keeping trash traveling along its own orbit.
C．Taking the satellite away from atmosphere.
D．Removing space trash out of the capsule.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the end of its task，RemoveDebris will let go a sail to bring the satellite itself，and，hopefully some trash，back into the atmosphere，where it will burn up.”可知，帆的作用是在任务结束时将卫星带入到大气层中自动焚毁，故A项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A couple of years ago，I stepped off the subway in Upper Manhattan，worn out after a long and stressful day at work，__1__ about the warmth of my bed.I stopped in a grocery store on the way to my apartment to buy a bag of popcorn.
A man about three times my size __2__ in front of me at the cash register and turned toward me，telling me I looked __3__．I smiled uncomfortably and became noticeably more __4__，as a young woman does when a __5__ man starts talking to her at night.He turned toward the cashier and said that he was going to get my snack too.I politely declined his __6__ and was already pulling out my wallet，but this man wouldn't __7__ me to say no.He __8__ the cashier a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn and told me that he hoped my__9__ got better.He walked out of the __10__ and I never saw him again.
The world is full of love and __11__．But most of the time，it's so __12__ to get caught up in our own routine and everyday personal worries that we just don't remember to __13__ those around us.The man who __14__ for my popcorn has __15__ with me and inspired me to help others who look like they could need a hand.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。几年前，作者下班后拖着疲惫的身躯去便利店买零食。在作者结账的时候，一名陌生的男子转向作者，说作者看起来有些疲惫。作者变得很警惕。之后，这名陌生男子执意要为作者付款，在祝作者晚上愉快之后，离开了便利店。作者被陌生人的善意打动，想要在以后将这份善意传递下去。
1．A．dreaming　　　 B．worrying
C．forgetting D．inquiring
解析：A　根据常识和上文中的“worn out after a long and stressful day at work”可知，作者忙碌一天下班后，梦想着自己温暖的床。
2．A．hid B．stood
C．served D．shouted
解析：B　根据下文中的“at the cash register and turned toward me”和语境可知，这名男子是一个等待结账的顾客，他站在作者前面。
3．A．embarrassed B．annoyed
C．excited D．tired
解析：D　结合上文中的“worn out after a long and stressful day at work”和语境可知，这名男子说作者看起来有些疲惫。
4．A．ashamed B．curious
C．alarmed D．energetic
解析：C　根据常识可知，一名陌生男子在晚上和女士搭讪会让女士警惕，所以作者不由得警惕了起来。
5．A．rude B．strange
C．considerate D．strong
解析：B　参见上题解析。
6．A．invitation B．application
C．reward D．offer
解析：D　根据上文中的“said that he was going to get my snack too”可知，这名男子提议要为作者结账。
7．A．allow B．remind
C．force D．convince
解析：A　结合下文中的“He __8__ the cashier a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn”可知，尽管作者已经在掏钱包，但是这名陌生的男子不允许作者拒绝，执意要帮作者结账。
8．A．cast B．lent
C．handed D．spared
解析：C　根据常识可知，陌生男子递给了收银员额外的钞票帮作者结账。
9．A．career B．health
C．stay D．night
解析：D　根据上文中的“worn out after a long and stressful day at work”可知，作者下班后拖着疲惫的身体去便利店，因此，陌生人祝作者晚上能过得更好点。
10．A．company B．store
C．apartment D．station
解析：B　根据上文中的“I stopped in a grocery store on the way”可知，故事发生在便利店，陌生人帮作者结完账后，离开了便利店。
11．A．kindness B．patience
C．strength D．respect
解析：A　根据作者的经历可以看出，世界上充满了爱和善意。
12．A．relaxing B．embarrassing
C．easy D．critical
解析：C　结合作者的经历可知，绝大部分时间我们很容易被自己的杂事和个人担忧困扰，以至于忘记去了解身边的人。
13．A．rely on B．wait on
C．knock into D．tune in to
解析：D　参见上题解析。tune in to“理解，体谅”。
14．A．charged B．hunted
C．paid D．fought
解析：C　根据上文中的“a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn”可知，陌生人帮作者支付了爆米花的钱。
15．A．dealt B．stuck
C．debated D．agreed
解析：B　根据语境和常识可知，这名男子被作者铭记于心，他激励作者去帮助那些需要帮助的人。stick with“被铭记于心”。
知识探究·讲练互动
1.major in ...　主修……；以……为专业
Tu Youyou majored in medicine in university and later studied Chinese medicine with experts in the field.(教材原句)
屠呦呦大学主修医学，后来与该领域的专家一起学习中医。
【语境体验】
①The majority of doctors agree that smoking is closely connected to lung cancer.
大多数医生赞同吸烟与肺癌有密切的联系。
②Only a minority of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are in the/a majority.
在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车，但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。
③The majority of them take on online language test before starting their programme.
在开始项目前他们中多数人在网络上进行语言测试。
④The majority were/was in favour of the proposal.
多数人赞成这个提议。
(1)major adj.　主要的
vi. 专修；主攻
n. 专业
(2)majority n. (常用单数) 大多数；大半
minority n. 少数；少数派/人
a/the majority of ... 大多数
be in a/the majority 构成大多数/大部分
归纳 拓展
【名师指津】　(1)当a/the majority of ...作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词保持一致。
(2)当the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数都可以。
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①I graduated from Peking University and ___________ (majority) in information management.
②The white are _____the majority in Australia while the native people in the __________(minor)．
majored
in
minority
2．set up　建立，设立；准备；安排
In 1969, Tu Youyou was given the mission to set up a team to find a cure for malaria.(教材原句)
1969年，屠呦呦受命成立了一个治疗疟疾的小组。
【语境体验】
①People began to set up their new homes with the help of the government.
在政府的帮助下，人们开始创建他们的新家园。
②I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.
我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。
③His rude behavior set off a bad feeling of me.
他无理的行为引起了我的反感。
set aside　　存储；留出，省出
set down 放下，写下；登记
set off 出发，动身；引发，使爆炸，燃放
set out 启程，动身；阐述；陈列
set out to do sth.＝ set about doing sth. 开始着手做某事
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)单句语法填空
①I sincerely hope you can set _____ some time for the art feast.
②Our English club was set ____ two months ago.
③Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set _____ preparing your business plan.
(2)一句多译
此后，我开始广泛阅读，寻找鼓舞人心的话题。
④After that, ______________________ for an inspiring topic.(set out)
⑤After that, ______________________ for an inspiring topic.(set about)
aside
up
about
I set out to read widely
I set about reading widely
3．wave vi.挥手致意，招手；起伏；飘扬 n．波浪；挥手
When Yang Liwei climbed out of the spaceship，he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him.(教材原句)
当杨利伟走出飞船的时候，他向等待他的人们挥手微笑。
【语境体验】
①They waved to us to stay where we were.
他们向我们挥手，要我们留在原地。
②I'll be back in a moment, and if you need anything, just wave to/at me.
我一会儿就回来，您需要什么的话，就向我挥手。
③He waved goodbye to his dad and left his home for London to begin a new life.
他挥手告别父亲，离开了家乡，到伦敦开始新的生活。
wave to/at sb.　　向某人挥手/招手
wave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手告别
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
完成句子
①她一看到我就向我招手。
On seeing me, she _______________．
②在车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。
At the railway station, the mother ___________________________ until the train was out of sight.
waved to me
waved goodbye to her daughter
4．This was a time when the German Nazis were killing Jews.(教材原句)
这是德国纳粹屠杀犹太人的时期。
【句型剖析】　句中“this was a time when ...”为“这是一个……的时期”。a time“一段时间/时期”，when引导定语从句，修饰a time。
【语境体验】
①It was the third time that she had come to this mountain village to see the children.
这是她第三次来这个山村看孩子们了。
②It's high time that we students worked/should work harder at our lessons as the College Entrance Examination is approaching.
随着高考的临近，该是我们学生更加努力学习的时候了。
③There was a time when miniskirt was in fashion.
迷你裙曾经一度很流行。
“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋过去完成时”表示“某人第一/二/……次做某事”。
It's time for sth.该是(做)……的时候了
It's time (for sb.) to do sth.　　该是(某人)做……的时候了
It's (about/high) time (that) ...did/should do sth. 该是做……的时候了
There was a time when ... 曾有一个……的时期
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①There was a time _______he was disappointed and wanted to leave here.
②It is the first time that we ______________(visit) Beijing.
③It was the first time that I _______________(travel)by plane.
when
have visited
had traveled
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There is a _________ (总结)at the end of each chapter.
2．He had proved himself a most ______(勇敢的)airman.
3．The guards were __________ (最初)hired to watch over the houses as they were being built.
4．Advertising is often the most e__________ method of promotion.
5．She m_______in maths and English in her college.
summary
daring
originally
ffective
ajored
Ⅱ.选词填空
turn to sb.for help；major in；in order to；at least；call for；lift off；in spite of
1．Without anyone to ______________________, making an proper choice can be difficult.
2．She __________ maths and physics at university.
3．___________ reach this limit a number of technical problems will have to be solved.
turn to for help
majored in
In order to
4．We should brush our teeth ________ twice a day.
5．This job ___________ skill and patience.
6．The rocket ____________ from its launching pad.
7．They are both very cheerful ___________ their colds.
at least
calls for
lifted off
in spite of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他太害羞，不敢做演讲。
He is ________________________．
2．这是一个我感到很孤单的时期。
_____________________ I felt very lonely.
3．我们不顾恶劣的天气而去钓鱼。
___________ the bad weather, we went fishing.
4．他作为一个激励了一代人梦想的人而为大众所铭记。
He ________________ a man who inspired a generation with hope.
5．从那时起我就决定要成为一名医生。
________________ I decided to become a doctor.
too shy to give a speech
This was a time when
In spite of
is remembered as
From then on
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．What subject are you planning to major ____
2．There was once a time ______ I was crazy in collecting stamps.
3．I went shopping _____spite of the heavy rain.
4．He and a partner set _____a successful fashion company.
5．This ancient building still looks as it did __________ (origin)．
in
when
in
up
originally
Ⅱ.阅读理解
They shape our lives in many ways.Often when they get old，torn or fall apart，we're likely to throw them out or replace them.But one 85-year-old man is devoted to bringing old books back to life.
“I know how to do this.I enjoy doing this，”said Paul Reeder，a book repair hobbyist.
“Reeder is changing the face of our textbooks，one book at a time，”said Skyview High School Principal，Deb Black.
It all started just three weeks ago.
“There was an article that came out about the bad shape our books were in，” said Black.
Reeder read the article in the newspaper，and he soon appeared in Black's office.It was the morning of April 5，2016.
“He said，‘I'm here to offer what I think may be a solution，’” Black recalled.
Reeder has been repairing books since the 1940s.Over the years，he's worn many hats，yet his interest in book repair remained unchanged.
In the year 1992 when Reeder retired，he went all in.He has repaired books for a number of organisations including the Montana Historical Society and the Billings Public Library.
Skyview's students are not only thankful for Reeder's help，but inspired by his work.
“They have made him thank-you signs and cards.I have one girl who left me a note the other day.She wants to learn to do what Paul does.What he does is a lost art.He has done great things for our kids and for our books，” said Black.
The worn-out books are brought to Reeder on Friday，and in most cases，he's able to return the books as good as new by the following Monday，according to Black.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位85岁高龄的老人修补图书的故事。
1．What does Reeder think of his work
A．It is a pleasure. B．It is very boring.
C．It is a lost art. D．It is really difficult.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I know how to do this.I enjoy doing this”可知，Reeder喜欢修补图书的工作。
2．How did Reeder find out Skyview's books needed repairing
A．From Deb Black.
B．From some students.
C．From a newspaper.
D．From an organisation.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“There was an article that came out about the bad shape our books were in”和第六段中的“Reeder read the article in the newspaper”可知，Reeder通过报纸得知了Skyview中学的图书需要修补。
3．What can we infer about Reeder
A．He likes collecting old books.
B．He repairs hats in his spare time.
C．He has a lifelong love for book repair.
D．He retired from Skyview High School.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第五段中的“Reeder has been repairing books since the 1940s.”和“his interest in book repair remained unchanged”可知，Reeder一生热爱图书修补。
4．What was the purpose of the schoolgirl's note
A．To express thanks to Black.
B．To have her books repaired.
C．To make friends with Reeder.
D．To learn Reeder's repair skills.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She wants to learn to do what Paul does.”可知，那名女生给Black留便条是想学习Reeder的图书修补技术。
Ⅲ.七选五
__1__Being angry doesn't really solve much, but what people do when they feel angry is important.The goal is to calm down and try to solve what is bothering you.This is hard for some kids and adults, too.Instead of calming down, some kids might keep getting more and more upset until they explode like a volcano！__2__Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper.They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful.People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper.__3__ Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their parents, break something , or even worse, hit
their brothers or sisters. __4__ However, it's not OK for a kid to do any of those things .Kids don't want to act in this way，but sometimes angry feelings can be hard to manage.So what to do？Well, the good news is that kids don't just have to keep making the same mistakes over and over again.__5__ Imagine your temper as a puppy inside you that needs some training.The puppy is not bad －it will probably turn out a great dog.It just needs to learn some rules because, right now, that puppy is causing some problems to you.
A．In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.
B．You don't want to cause trouble.
C．Kids should be allowed to express their feelings, even angry ones.
D．Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.
E．You can train your temper.
F．Instead of thinking of the person you're angry with, think of something else.
G．Everybody gets angry sometimes.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。人人都会有生气的时候。但是生气并不能真的解决问题， 所以要冷静下来，试着解决困扰你的事情。脾气也是可以训练的。
1．G　空后的意思是：生气解决不了问题。所以这里选G(人人都会有生气的时候。)与下文一致。
2．D　空后的意思是：他们可能非常生气以至于他们不能控制自己。所以这里选D(一些孩子比其他的孩子更容易生气。)与上下文一致。
3．A　空前的意思是：人们可能会说某人不会控制自己的脾气。这里选A(事实上，他们通常是指一个孩子感到很气愤时就会表现不好。)与上下文一致。
4．C　空前的意思是：有些孩子可能会很生气以至于冲着父母大喊大叫、 摔东西，或甚至更糟糕的是，打他们的兄弟或姐妹。空后的意思是：但是孩子这样做都不对。所以这里选C(孩子们应该被允许表达自己的感情，甚至是愤怒的孩子。)符合语境。
5．E　空后的意思是：把你的脾气想象成你内心需要训练的一只小狗。所以这里选E(脾气也是可以训练的。)与上下文一致。
Ⅳ.语法填空
My online friend Steve 1.________(frequent) comments on how fathers are often not included in the conversation when 2.________ comes to parenting. When someone posts an article about how moms spend a large amount of time 3.________ (help) with homework each night，he will comment that it isn't just moms 4.________ are right there with their sleeves 5.________(roll) up; fathers are doing all the same things that moms do. However，they 6.________(award) none of the credit for their performance.
Of course he is right.Steve and millions 7.________other dads are there with their kids every day.They are there making a special hairstyle for Crazy Hair Day.They read bedtime stories to their kids.They volunteer at the preschool.They make sandwiches cut into funny 8.________(shape)．
So for Steve and those dads who do the dirty work of parenting and love it as well as those who can't go to see little faces each morning，we wish you 9.________Happy Father's Day.You are awesome.Your little kid and your wife are 10.________(fortune) to have you.Enjoy your time on this special day!
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了在教育子女上父亲与母亲一样做着所有的事情。作者在这里祝所有的父亲父亲节快乐。
1．frequently　考查副词。句意：我的网友经常谈及在养育子女的话题中并不包括父亲。修饰动词使用副词。故填frequently。
2．it　考查代词。句意：我的网友经常谈及在养育子女的话题中并不包括父亲。代词it指代上文中出现的conversation。故填it。
3．helping　考查固定用法。句意：当有人发表一篇关于妈妈们每天晚上花大量时间帮助做家庭作业的文章时。spend time in doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填helping。
4. who/that　考查定语从句。句意：他会评论说，不仅仅是妈妈们正挽着袖子，父亲们也在做妈妈们做的所有事情。先行词为moms，故关系词为who/that。
5．rolled　考查固定用法。句意见上题解析。with sth. done是with的复合结构。故填rolled。
6. are awarded　考查动词。句意：然而，他们并没有因为他们的表现而获得荣誉。award sb.sth.授予某人某物。故填are awarded。
7．of　考查介词。句意：史蒂夫和数以百万计的爸爸每天都和他们的孩子在一起。millions of数以百万计的。故填of。
8．shapes　考查名词。句意：他们把三明治切成有趣的形状。故填shapes。
9．a　考查冠词。句意：我们祝你们父亲节快乐。故填a。
10．fortunate　考查形容词。句意：你的孩子和你的妻子很幸运有你。形容词作表语。故填fortunate。
点击进入WORD文档
课时规范训练
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放(共111张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　LESSON 2 HISTORY MAKERS & LESSON 3 THE SUPERHERO BEHIND SUPERMAN
语篇研析·教材精读
1．We made a __________ to keep working together.
2．If you ___________ the project, you are to come across difficulties.
3．They have _______ in trade for many years.
4．His __________ prevents him from holding a job.
commitment
undertake
engaged
disability
词
汇
预
习
Ⅰ.重点单词
(一)选用下面的单词并用其适当形式填空
independence；discrimination；inspiring；impressive；opportunity；reputation；awareness；depression；commitment；undertake；engage；passionate；energetic；advocate；disability
5．We should not have racial ________________ in the world.
6．She was one of the most ___________ people I've ever met.
7．He had given a very __________ performance on us.
8．We __________ a peaceful settlement of international disagreements.
9．I want to see more _______________ for young people.
10．A walk in the fresh air can lift your mood and reduce a winter __________．
impressive
advocate
opportunities
depression
discrimination
inspiring
(二)写出下列词汇的派生词
1．independent adj.独立的→____________ n．独立
2．peace n．和平→__________ adj.和平的，没有暴力的
3．race n．种族→_______adj.种族的；人种的
4．discriminate v．歧视→_________________n.歧视
5．inspire vt.鼓励；鼓舞→___________ adj.鼓舞人心的
6．far adj.远的→_______ adj.更远的→_______ adj.更多的，进一步
7．impress v．给……留下印象→__________ adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的→__________ n．印象
independence
peaceful
racial
discrimination
inspiring
farther
further
impressive
impression
8．novel n．小说 adj.新奇的，异常的→__________ n．小说家
9．journal n．刊物；日志→__________ n．新闻工作者
10．aware adj.知道；意识到；明白→___________ n．认识；意识
11．organise vt.组织→_____________n.组织；团体；机构
12．move v．移动→___________n.运动，动作，活动
13．depress vt.使抑郁；使沮丧→__________ n．忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症
novelist
journalist
awareness
organisation
movement
depression
14．passion n．激情→__________ adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
15．energy n．精力；能量→___________ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
16．__________ n．提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者→ advocation n．支持；拥护
17．disable vt.使丧失能力；使伤残→__________ adj.残疾的→ __________ n．伤残，残障，障碍
passionate
energetic
advocate
disabled
disability
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．try out _______　 参加选拔
2．star ______ 主演
3．shortly _______ 不久之后；很快
4．_____ support of 支持
5．be stuck ____ 被困在……
6．pass ______ 去世
7．be based ______ 以……为基础
8．pick _____ 挑选
9．_____ other day 不久前某一天
10．due ____ 由于，因为
for
in
after
in
in
away
on
out
the
to
Step1　Fast reading
Read the text and answer the following questions.
1．When and where was Christopher Reeve born
________________________________________________________
2．What happened to Christopher Reeve while horseback riding in 1995
________________________________________________________
3．When did Christopher Reeve die
_____________________________________________________
教
材
精
读
Christopher Reeve was born on 25 September, 1952 in New York.
He was thrown off his horse and broke his neck.
He passed away on 10 October, 2004.
Step 2　Careful reading
Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．When did Christopher Reeve star in his first school play
A．At the age of 6. B．At the age of 8.
C．At the age of 18. D．At the age of 9.
2．How many Superman films did Christopher Reeve star in from 1978 to 1987
A．Only one. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
3．What did Christopher Reeve's doctors believe at first
A．He wouldn't survive.
B．He would recover soon.
C．He would walk again.
D．His injuries weren't severe.
4．From where did Christopher Reeve get the strength
A．The ongoing support of his wife.
B．The ongoing support of his family.
C．The ongoing support of his friends.
D．All of the above.
答案：1－4　BCAD
Ⅱ.Read the text carefully and fill in the form.
Christopher Reeve
Becoming the star
in Superman films He ①_____________, and was eventually given the lead role in a Superman film.
He ②_______ in four Superman films from 1978 to 1987.
He is known as a superhero in the Superman films.
tried out for
starred
Christopher Reeve
Becoming a
superhero in
real life He gained a reputation for ③___________________ for good causes.
In 1995 a disaster ④______ him.After a depression lasting for many months, he engaged in ⑤_________________ exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made ⑥__________________. Shortly after, he managed to return to his film career by directing, producing and even starring in films.
He also wrote a biography and returned to his ⑦_____________. He became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities, raising millions of dollars ⑧_____________ medical research.
He is also regarded as a superhero in real life.
raising awareness
struck
a wide range of
remarkable progress
charity work
in support of
Step 3　Post reading
According to the text of Lesson 3 fill in the blanks with an appropriate word or the correct form of the words in brackets.
Christopher Reeve was born in 1952 to a novelist father and a journalist mother. From 1978 to 1987, he 1.___________ (give) the lead role to star in four Superman films 2._______ were very popular and successful.A terrible disaster in 1995 changed the course of his life forever.While horseback riding, he 3._____ (break) his neck.As a result, he had no movement or feeling in his body and couldn't even breathe 4._______ the help of a machine.His injuries were so severe 5.______ many doctors believed he would not survive.At first,
was given
which
broke
without
that
Reeve's being trapped in a broken body made him very 6.___________ (depress) but eventually, he decided to recover as best as he could.He undertook an intense exercise programme 7.__________ (design) to help him rebuild muscle.Alongside this, he became a passionate and 8.___________ (energy) advocate for others 9. ___________ (suffer) similar injuries and raised millions of dollars for medical research.He inspired many people with his confidence to recovery and his desire to help others.For that reason he 10._____________ (remember) by many as a superhero in real life, as well as in films.
depressed
designed
energetic
suffering
is remembered
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Special Kids Therapy(治疗) (SKT) is a charitable organisation devoted to improving the quality of the individuals who struggle with physical，mental or emotional disabilities.Examples of what SKT can do：
SKT offers the families of children with special needs practical help in buying special medical equipment，such as electrically-powered wheelchairs and other communication equipment that are not covered by insurance.
SKT organises summer camp activities for children with special needs，providing them with a chance to enjoy their summer and experience the traditional summer camp that fits their abilities.
How you can help：
SKT is an all-volunteer charitable organisation，which is staffed by volunteers and depends on donations that make it possible for us to serve and help these special children.
SKT relies on people like you to help make good things happen for these special children.Your contribution is sincerely appreciated.Your donations help make children with special needs able to have alternative therapies such as the animal-assisted therapy，art-music therapy，massage therapy and water therapy.These are just a few of the many proven alternative therapies that bring joy and build self-respect of the children with special health care needs.Although these therapies are not covered by insurance，they enhance the mental，physical and emotional aspects of a child's life.
SKT knows that your time is valuable and we appreciate your volunteer interest.There are many chances to volunteer to work with the children and their families at our events or programs.
Donations may be mailed to：
Bosse Financial
Attn：Special Kids Therapy，Inc.
PO Box 1024
Findlay，Ohio 45839
Please write checks to Special Kids Therapy
Phone：419-422-5607
Email：care@specialkidstherapy.org
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个慈善组织SKT，并呼吁人们加入SKT帮助残疾的孩子。
1．What can we learn about SKT from the passage
A．It earns very little by its alternative therapies.
B．It offers help to the children with disabilities.
C．It is partly supported by the local government.
D．It pays insurance for children with special needs.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“devoted to improving the quality of the individuals who struggle with physical，mental or emotional disabilities”可知，SKT是一个为残疾的孩子提供帮助的组织。
2．What can we infer from the text
A．SKT is a non-profitable organisation.
B．The disabled can ask any practical help from SKT.
C．Donations are used to pay insurance for children.
D．Families of children with special needs are all poor.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Special Kids Therapy(治疗)(SKT) is a charitable organisation ...disabilities.”可知，SKT是一个非营利性的组织。
3．What's the purpose of the text
A．To encourage families to get donations.
B．To tell us how children can live a normal life.
C．To make an introduction of the special children.
D．To call on people to join SKT to help disabled children.
解析：D　写作目的题。根据全文可知，这篇文章介绍了SKT这个慈善组织，主要目的是呼吁人们加入SKT从而帮助残疾的孩子。
4．What does the underlined word “enhance” mean in the text
A．Accept.　　　　　 B．Damage.
C．Reduce. D．Improve.
解析：D　词义猜测题。由These are just a few of the many proven alternative therapies that bring joy and build self-respect of the children with special health care needs.Although these therapies are not covered by insurance，they enhance the mental，physical and emotional aspects of a child's life.可知这句话的意思是尽管这些治疗方法没有被保险所覆盖，但是它们改善了孩子们的身体、精神和情感生活，所以选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
When you're meeting someone for the first time, you're eager to make a good impression.Your body language can make a great difference.
★ Shake hands firmly
Weak handshakes can make you seem shy and anything but confident.__1__．You won't impress anyone by giving them a painful hand.
★ __2__
Stand up straight, but don't tighten up, or you may look nervous.Make sure to check your posture and straighten up as needed.
★ Keep a suitable amount of eye contact
__3__．Not only are you paying attention, but you're interested as well.Whenever there is a natural pause in the conversation, feel free to casually glance at something else.Eye contact is good, but nonstop staring can be a little unsettling!
★ Nod and smile when appropriate
Try nodding three times to show that you're really absorbing what he is saying.When it comes to smiling, __4__！ If you turn up the corners of your mouth but your eyes remain neutral (无感情的), you could leave a bad impression.
★ Laugh genuinely
Even if you're in a formal setting, if he has clearly said something that was intended to encourage a laugh, laugh! Show him that you have a sense of humor, and you're listening to what he is saying.__5__， laughter is a great way to help you look cheerful.
A．Keep your posture relaxed
B．make sure it reaches your eyes
C．keep your feet close together
D．This applies to both sitting and standing
E．If you're in a worrying or nervous situation
F．Your handshake should be firm but not too tight
G．It is important to keep eye contact in a conversation
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍第一次与别人见面并开始对话总是有挑战的，作者介绍了五种给第一次见面的人留下好的印象的方法。
1．F　根据上文“Weak handshakes can make you seem shy and anything but confident.”(无力的握手会让你看起来很害羞，一点也不自信。)中“handshakes”对应到F选项“握手要坚定，但不要太紧”代入文中符合语境。故选F。
2．A　本空为本段小标题，再根据本段内容“Stand up straight, but don't tighten up, or you may look nervous.Make sure to check your posture and straighten up as needed.”(站直了，但不要绷紧，否则你可能看起来很紧张。确保检查你的姿势，并根据需要整理。)可知，主要强调要保持姿势放松。故选A。
3．G　根据本段小标题“Keep a suitable amount of eye contact”(保持适当的眼神交流)中eye contact可对应到G选项“It is important to keep eye contact in a conversation”(在谈话中保持眼神交流是很重要的)代入文中符合语境。故选G。
4．B　根据下文“If you turn up the corners of your mouth but your eyes remain neutral(无感情的), you could leave a bad impression.”(如果你翘起嘴角，但眼睛没有感情，可能会给人留下不好的印象。)可知微笑要直达眼睛中，故B选项“确保它到达你的眼睛”符合语境。故选B。
5．E　根据下文“laughter is a great way to help you look cheerful”(笑是让你看起来快乐的好方法)可推知，如果你正处于焦虑或紧张的状态，笑是让你看起来快乐的好方法。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空
When I was a kid, Mom used to cook food for us.One night after 1.________ (spend) a long hard day at work, Mom placed a plate of bread jam and 2.________ (extreme) burnt toast(烤面包) in front of my dad. I was waiting 3.________ (see) if he noticed it.However, while eating his toast，Dad just asked me 4.________ my day was at school.I don't remember what I told him that night, 5.________ I do remember I heard Mom apologizing to Dad for burning the toast.I'll never forget what Dad said, “Honey, I love burnt toast.”
Later that night, I 6.________ (go) to kiss Daddy good night and asked him if he really liked his toast burned.He gave me 7.________ big hug and said, “Your mamma put in a long hard day at work today, really 8.________ (tire)．Besides, a burnt toast never hurts but cold words do！”
What I've learned over the years 9.________ (be) that learning to accept each other's faults is one of the most important 10.________ (key) to creating a healthy, growing and lasting relationship.
【语篇解读】　本文量一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者的妈妈将面包烤焦了，但是爸爸不但没有怪她而且说烤焦的面包很好吃。作者从中学到学会理解，学会接受别人的错误是创造健康，持久关系的最重要的关键之一。
1．spending　考查动名词。因为after是介词，其后的动词应用动名词形式，所以此处应用spend的动名词形式，故此空用spending。
2．extremely　考查副词。句意：妈妈放了一碟面包酱和极度烤焦的面包在爸爸面前。用副词修饰形容词，所以修饰形容词burnt应用extreme的副词形式，故此空用extremely。
3．to see　考查动词不定式。句意：我在等着看爸爸是否会注意到它。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故此空用to see。
4．how　考查宾语从句。句意：爸爸只是问我在学校的日子怎么样。此处how意为“如何”，故此空用how。
5．but　考查连词。“我不记得那天晚上我告诉他什么了”和“我的确记得……”之间存在转折关系，此处意为“但是”，故此空用but。
6．went　考查时态。根据后面的and asked him ...可知，此空也应该用一般过去时，故用went。
7．a　考查不定冠词。句意为“他给了我一个大大的拥抱”，因为表示“一”的概念时需用不定冠词，故此空用a。
8．tired　考查形容词作状语。句意：你妈妈今天工作了一整天，真的很疲惫。这里用形容词作结果状语，故这里用tired。
9．is　考查时态和主谓一致。主语从句作主语，谓语用单数。根据此句时态，可知这里用is。
10．keys　考查名词复数。句意：这么多年我学到的是学会接受别人的错误是创造健康、和谐、持久关系最重要的关键之一。one of其中之一，后接名词复数。故这里用keys。
知识探究·讲练互动
1.judge vt.&vt.评价；判断 n．法官；裁判
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character ...(教材原句)
我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将在一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评判他们的国度里生活……
【语境体验】
①We judged him to be an actor.
我们认为他是一个演员。
②We shouldn't judge a person by/from his appearance.
我们不应该根据外貌去判断一个人。
③Judging from/by what he said, he must be an honest man.
根据他说的判断，他一定是个诚实的人。
④As far as I can judge, the film market may witness a slowdown in the near future.
我认为，电影市场在不久的将来会低迷。
⑤He refused to make a judgement about the situation.
他拒绝对这个形势作出评价。
(1)judge ...from/by...　从……判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为
(2)judging by/from ... 从……判断
(3) judgement n. 判断力；评价
make a judgement on/about ... 对……作出评价
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)单句语法填空
①As the old saying goes，“You can't judge a book ___________ its cover.”
②_______ (judge) from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people in the club yet.
③How can he form any ____________(judge)of the matter without the figures
by/from
Judging
judgement
(2)完成句子
依我看来，在晚上搭载一个醉酒的人是危险的。
④_______________________________________, it's dangerous to give a drunk man a lift at night.
As far as I can judge/As far as I'm concerned
2．respect vt.& n．尊敬；敬佩
I really admire and respect him, and there's no doubt that he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century.(教材原句)
我真的很佩服和尊重他，毫无疑问，他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。
【语境体验】
①To be a respectable man, the boy is taught to be first respectful to others as well as have respect for himself.
为了成为一个受尊重的人，男孩被教育首先要尊重他人并且自重。
②We have the greatest respect for the scientist in respect of/with respect to his great contributions to the development of science.
就这位科学家对科学的发展所做的巨大贡献而言，我们非常钦佩他。
③With respect to your other suggestions, I'm still not able to give you our decisions.
至于你的其他建议，我还无法告诉你我们的决定。
④The children in our family are always respectful to their elders
我们家的孩子对长辈总是恭恭敬敬的。
(1)respect sb.for sth.　 因某事而尊重某人
(2)show/have respect for... 尊敬/重视……
in this/that respect 在这/那方面
in respect of/with respect to 关于
give/send one's respects to sb. 代某人问候某人
(3) respected adj. 受人尊敬的
respectable adj. 体面的；得体的
respectful adj. 表示敬意的；尊敬的
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)写出下列句中respect的含义及词性
①In this respect, new technologies have shaped our culture.__________
②Please give my respects to your parents.__________
(2)单句语法填空
③The youngsters are to be taught to have respect _____ social moral standards.
④“We're so pleased to meet you at last，” he said in a __________ (respect) tone of voice.
n.方面
n.问候
for
respectful
3．pick out挑选；辨别出；领会；理解
Pick out the right information for each of them.(教材原句)
选出符合他们各自的信息。
【语境体验】
①He picked up his schoolbag and rushed out.
他拿起书包冲了出去。
②Perhaps you can help me pick out a pair of jeans now, since you are an expert.
也许你现在可以帮我挑一条牛仔裤，因为你是行家。
③When you're a kid, the older kids sometimes pick on you.
当你是个孩子的时候，大一点的孩子有时会欺负你。
pick up　　拾起；捡起，拿起；接机；(无意间)学会
pick on 挑剔；捉弄；选中
pick off 摘下
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)写出下列句中pick out的含义
①A competition was held to pick out the best table tennis players.______
②Although he had not seen his sister for twenty years, he picked her out as soon as she got off the plane._________
③Having read the passage many times, I finally picked out its main idea.______
挑选
辨别出
领会
(2)用pick的相关短语完成句子
④让我们把坏掉的土豆从篮子里挑出来吧。
Let's ____________ the bad potatoes from the basket.
⑤为什么老板总是故意刁难我？
Why does the boss always _________ me
pick out
pick on
4．awareness n．认识；意识 aware adj.意识到的；察觉的
...he soon gained a reputation for raising awareness for good causes.(教材原句)
……他很快因加强人们对公益事业的认识而获得了声誉。
【语境体验】
①As far as I'm aware, being well aware of your own weakness is probably the key to success.
据我所知，清楚你的弱点可能是成功的关键。
②It is important that children develop an awareness of valuing parents' love.
培养孩子珍惜父母的爱的意识是很重要的。
③In order to raise people's awareness of protecting our environment, we must make people around us aware of the importance of it first.
为了加强人们的环境保护意识，我们必须首先让周围的人意识到环保的重要性。
(1)be (well) aware of/that ... 　(很)清楚……
make sb.aware of/that ... 使某人注意……
as far as I'm aware 据我所知
(2)develop an awareness of... 逐渐懂得……
raise one's awareness of ... 提高某人的……意识
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)单句语法填空
①When visiting another country, you should be aware ______ those differences and respect them.
②Health officials have tried to raise ___________ (aware) about AIDS among teenagers.
(2)完成句子
③总之，全世界的人们都应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。
In conclusion, people around the world ___________________the real situation of water shortage.
of
awareness
should be aware of
5．strike vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击 n．打击；罢工；袭击
Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster struck Reeve.(教材原句)
不幸的是，在1995年一场灾难发生在里夫身上。
【语境体验】
①Just before September, Miller was struck/stricken by a car and lost his right arm.
就在九月份前，米勒被汽车撞倒失去了他的右臂。
②I was just about to give it up when a good idea struck me.
我正要放弃，这时我想到一个好主意。
③It shocked me that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head.
苹果掉下来打在我头上吓了我一跳。
④I had an extremely narrow escape when the earthquake struck Jiuzhaigou Valley in 2017.
2017年九寨沟发生地震时，我侥幸逃生。
⑤Mountain Tai has struck its beauty into my heart; as a result, it strikes me that I will visit it again.
泰山的美让我刻骨铭心，因此我突然想到我会再次游览泰山。
(1)strike sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位　　打某人某处
sth.strikes sb.＝sth.occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It strikes sb.that .../It strikes sb.to do ... 某人突然想到……
(2)be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)写出下列句中strike/struck的含义及词性
①We were struck by her kindness.____________
②The solution struck me immediately._______________________
③The church clock began to strike five.____________________
④The city was struck by a big earthquake last month.
_________________
⑤You'd better strike while the iron is hot._________________
vt.打动
vt.使突然想到/想起
vt.(钟)报时
vt.突然袭击
vi.打；撞击
(2)单句语法填空
⑥The workers are coming out _________ strike for higher wages.
⑦_______ struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day.
on
It
6．engage vi.参加，参与 vt.吸引；使参加；使订婚
He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.(教材原句)
他参加了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。
【语境体验】
①He wants to engage (himself) in foreign trade.
＝He wants to be engaged in foreign trade.
他想要从事外贸工作。
②My daughter was engaged to a young teacher.
我女儿和一位年轻的老师订婚了。
engage (oneself) in (doing) sth.
＝be engaged in (doing) sth.从事……；忙于……
be engaged to sb. 和……订婚
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①He was engaged ______ medical research.
②John was engaged ______ Mary last month.
③That professor is engaging _______ (he) in doing an important research.
in
to
himself
7．design vt.计划，设计n.设计；构思
He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.(教材原句)
他参加了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。
【语境体验】
①Children above 12 can take part in these activities designed for them.These activities are designed to build up their health.
12岁以上的孩子可以参加为他们设计的这些活动。这些活动的目的是使他们强身健体。
②The programme is designed to help people who have been unemployed for a long time.
这项计划的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。
(1)design ...for ...　 为……而设计……
be designed for/to do ... 目的是……
be designed as ... 被设计为……
(2)by design 有意地；故意地
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①A lot of people often forget that oral exams are designed _________ (test) our communicative ability.
②His building __________ (design) for weddings and other celebrations is beautiful.
③On second thoughts, I have designed her _________ (take) the job.
④She arrived just as we were leaving, but I'm not sure whether this was ____ accident or ____ design.
to test
designed
to take
by
by
8．be regarded as被认为，被看作
Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero by many in real life.(教材原句)
因此，他不仅在《超人》电影中被称为超级英雄，而且在现实生活中他也被很多人视为超级英雄。
【语境体验】
①As is known to us, cashless payment is regarded as one of China's “New Four Inventions”．
众所周知，移动支付被认为是中国“新四大发明”之一。
②Regarding your inquiry, I'm writing to give you a detailed introduction.
至于你的咨询，我正写信向你详细描述。
③Regardless of your choice of course, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
不管你选择什么课程，你都会迅速高效地提高你的语言能力。
(1)regard vt.　　认为；看待
regard ...as 把……看作
(2) regardless adv. 不管；不加理会
regardless of 不管，不顾(其后可接whether、 what引导的从句)
(3)in/with regard to (＝as regards) 关于……；至于……
in this regard 在这点上
(4)regarding prep. 关于
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①I regard him ____ my brother.
②Please give my regards ____ Mr and Mrs Jones.
③In regard ____ his suggestions，we shall discuss them fully.
as
to
to
9．due to由于，因为
It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife，parents and friends that he eventually found the will to live again.(教材原句)
由于他的妻子、父母和朋友的不断支持，他最终找到了重新生活的意志。
【语境体验】
①The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
由于大雪村庄与世隔绝。
②The rocket is due to lift off at noon on Friday.
火箭预计周五中午发射升空。
③That money is due to me, but I haven't got it yet.
那笔钱是应付给我的，但我至今还未拿到。
be due to do sth. 预期做某事，预定要做某事
be due to sth./sb. 归因于某事/某人；欠某人
be due for 应得到
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)写出下列句中due的含义
①The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow._________
②She is due to make a speech on the economy next week._________
③The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books._________
④When it comes to giving due respect to the old people, she feels a bit uneasy._________
(2)单句语法填空
⑤I think my long and active life must be due ____ the healthy life I live.
⑥I'm due _____ a pay rise soon.
欠款的
预定的
到期的
应有的
to
for
10．Thus，not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero by many in real life.(教材原句)
因此，他不仅在《超人》电影中被称为超级英雄，而且在现实生活中他也被很多人视为超级英雄。
【句型剖析】　句中“not only ...but also ...”表示“不但……而且……”。
【语境体验】
①By doing so, I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to express myself clearly.
通过这样做，我不仅能够与他人分享好的想法，而且能学会清楚地表达自我。
②Not only can I speak Mandarin fluently, but I also know how to work on it to make great progress.
我不仅普通话说得很流利，而且知道如何学习它才能取得大的进步。
③Not only the children but also their coach likes playing football.
不仅是孩子们，他们的教练也喜欢踢足球。
(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者时，意为“不但……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词的数通常与邻近的成分保持一致。
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
句式升级
The camp not only enables teenagers to enjoy themselves, but it also provides us with a chance to know more about traditional Chinese culture.
→_____________________________________________________, but it also provides us with a chance to know more about traditional Chinese culture.(利用倒装句式升级)
Not only does the camp enable teenagers to enjoy themselves
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This has done damage to his __________(名声)．
2．The reason for a trip to London is the best ___________ (机会) for shopping.
3．It is ___________(令人鼓舞的) to work with people like those and I will miss them.
4．Xiaoming looks quite __________(令人印象深刻的) with his red scarf on.
reputation
opportunity
inspiring
impressive
5．The aim of the festival is to increase ___________(意识) of Chinese traditions.
6．Of all the dreams, this is the one I'm most p___________ about.
7．He is very e__________ and not afraid of the cold.
8．His d___________ was caused by an accident.
9．There was still a hope to solve the problem in a p________way.
10．It's not d_______ for anyone under age eighteen.
awareness
assionate
nergetic
isability
eaceful
esigned
Ⅱ.选词填空
try out for；star in；make remarkable progress；in support of；be stuck in；pass away；be based on；pick out；due to；be regarded as
1．Mistakes _________carelessness may have serious results.
2．He ________________ one of the best students.
3．His cousin has _____________ from cancer recently.
4．They _________________ the football team.
5．The young actress ________________ dozens of films.
due to
is regarded as
tried out for
has starred in
passed away
6．We _______________________________ in the last hundred years.
7．We must find facts _____________ our theory.
8．Decisions about your children should ___________ the everyday life.
9．So how long are we going to ___________ here
10．I have been ____________ to take part in the sports meeting.
have made remarkable progress
in support of
be based on
be stuck in
picked out
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。
The Americans and the British __________________________________ share a large number of social customs.
2．是因为生病他才没有来。
_________________________he can't come.
not only speak the same language but also
It is because he is ill that
3．会议预定要到四点才开始。
The meeting _________________ at four.
4．这块地打算被用来做花园。
This piece of land _______________________．
5．我在专心致志地看书，没注意到他的到来。
Absorbed in my book, I didn't become __________________．
is due to start
is designed for a garden
aware of his arrival
Ⅳ.微写作
根据提示完成下文
吉姆是一名有很好声誉 (reputation) 的新闻工作者 (journalist)，他很热爱(passion) 这份工作，每天他都充满活力(energetic)。他要采访一位低碳生活的拥护者(advocate)。他认为这是一个提高人们环保意识 (awareness) 的好机会 (opportunity)。并且，他已经着手 (undertake) 为这次采访制定了详细的计划。在采访前，吉姆设法了解了这次被采访者的相关信息。他们要采访一位坚持低碳生活30余年的老人，他参加了一些公益组织 (organization)，并且通过自己的行动让越来越多的人意识到环境保护的重要性。由于(due to)他的持续 (ongoing)努力，他被认为 (be regarded as) 是环境保护方面的先驱。
【参考范文】
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Being a journalist with a good reputation, Jim has a passion for the job, feeling energetic every day.He is to interview an advocate of low-carbon life and he thinks it is a good opportunity to raise people's awareness of environmental protection.In addition, he has undertaken to make a detailed plan for the interview.Before the interview, Jim has managed to learn about the information about the elderly interviewee who insists on living a low-carbon life for more than 30 years.He joins some non-profit organisations, and he makes more and more people aware of the importance of protecting the environment through his own actions.He is regarded as a pioneer in environmental protection due to his ongoing efforts.
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．His speech was ___________ (inspire)and touched my heart.
2．Only with a healthy and strong body can we live an ___________ (energy) life.
3．Tom fell and ______(strike) his head on the stone floor.
4．When Wardell was interviewed，he was __________ (impress), so he was hired.
5．He has been engaged ____ scientific research for many years.
6．As a result of this new ___________(aware), attitudes toward health are changing.
inspiring
energetic
struck
impressive
in
awareness
7．He is very __________(passion) about the project.
8．A number of very well designed studies have been __________ (undertake)．
9．The boy was late for school again due ___the heavy storm.
10．The house ________________ he was born used to be a kitchen.
passionate
undertaken
to
where/in which
Ⅱ.完形填空
At a dark night，a man came to a lonely village.When he walked slowly，a yellow light suddenly__1__at the end of the road.It came from a__2__which was carried by a man.A villager near him said，“Here Blind Sun comes.”
“Blind？” the man said，“That's too__3__．A blind man has no idea of day and night，can't__4__ the beauty of nature，or even doesn't know what the light is.Wasn't he funny to carry a lantern？”
As the lantern was coming near，the yellow light moved gradually to the man.The man asked，“__5__ may I ask you whether you're really blind？”
The blind man answered，“Yes，the moment I stepped into the world，I can't see__6__．”
The man asked，“In that case，__7__do you carry a lantern？”
The blind man smiled，“At night all the people without light are just as blind__8__me，so I light a lantern.”
The man said，“I see you light for others.”
But the man said，“No，I do it for__9__．”
“For yourself？But there is no __10__ to do that.” the man felt surprised again.
The blind man explained，“Were you ever knocked by others__11__ the dark？”
The man nodded，“Yes，sometimes.”
The man said proudly，“Believe it or not，I __12__knocked anyone.Although I'm blind，I carry the lantern，not only light for others，but let others see me，__13__ they won't knock me.”
After hearing that，the man was lost in thought.
In fact，everyone has a lamp in himself，light it actively not only for others，but also for yourself! Never put yourself in a dark __14__ when you feel left out and find it hard to __15__ well with others，are you ready to light your lamp
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个盲人在黑夜里拿着一盏灯笼的故事，告诉我们，每个人内心都有一盏灯，点燃它，并不仅仅是为他人，而是为自己。
1．A．appeared　　　　 B．fell
C．went D．closed
解析：A　appear出现；fall跌落；go去；close关闭。句意：当他慢慢走的时候，一束黄色的灯光突然出现在道路的尽头。
2．A．basket B．toy
C．lantern D．bag
解析：C　basket篮子；toy玩具；lantern灯笼；bag包。句意：它是由一个男人所携带的灯笼发出来的。
3．A．easy B．clear
C．useful D．strange
解析：D　easy容易的；clear清晰的；useful有用的；strange奇怪的。句意：这太奇怪了。根据上文“Here Blind Sun comes”和“Blind？”可知，这太奇怪了。
4．A．hear B．enjoy
C．touch D．play
解析：B　hear听到；enjoy喜欢；欣赏；touch触摸；play玩耍。句意：盲人不知道黑天和白天，不能欣赏自然之美，甚至不知道灯光是什么。
5．A．Excuse me B．Come on
C．I'm sorry D．Never mind
解析：A　Excuse me抱歉(打扰了)；Come on行了(好吧)；I'm sorry抱歉；Never mind没关系；不要紧。句意：抱歉，我可以向您询问一下，你是否真的是盲人吗？
6．A．something B．nothing
C．everything D．anything
解析：D　something某事，某物；nothing没有什么；everything一切事物；anything(用于否定句、疑问句)任何事物。句意：当我踏进这个世界的那一刻，我就什么也看不见。
7．A．how B．why
C．where D．which
解析：B　how怎样；why为什么；where在哪里；which哪个(哪些)。句意：你为什么要携带一个灯笼？
8．A．as B．like
C．to D．of
解析：A　as像……一样；like像；to到；of ……的。句意：在晚上，如果没有灯光，所有人就都像我一样是看不见的。as ...(blind) as像……一样(看不见)。
9．A．yourself B．himself
C．myself D．ourselves
解析：C　yourself你自己；himself他自己；myself我自己ourselves我们自己。句意：我为自己掌灯。根据下文“For yourself？”可知答案。
10．A．time B．need
C．way D．problem
解析：B　time时间；need需要；way道路(方法)；problem问题。句意：但是你没有必要这样做。
11．A．such as B．instead of
C．because of D．as for
解析：C　such as例如；instead of而不是；because of因为；as for至于。句意：你是否曾经因为天黑而被他人撞过？
12．A．always B．never
C．often D．usually
解析：B　always总是；never从不；often经常；usually通常。句意：我从没被他人撞过。根据下文“Although I'm blind，I carry the lantern，not only light for others，but let others see me，__13__they won't knock me.”可知这位盲人从没被他人撞过。
13．A．after B．so
C．if D．because
解析：B　after 在……之后；so因此；if如果；because因为。句意：因此他们就不会撞到我。
14．A．situation B．village
C．dream D．country
解析：A　situation情形；village村庄；dream梦想；country国家。句意：当你觉得被遗弃，很难与他人相处时，千万不要把自己置于黑暗的境地。
15．A．turn on B．hold on
C．put on D．get on
解析：D　turn on打开；hold on抓住(稍等)；put on举起；get on与……和睦相处。句意同上。get on well with与……相处融洽。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Friendship is very 1.________(importance)．Everyone 2.________ (need) friendship.In all our lives we can't live without friendship just as we can't live 3.__________ water.Friendship 4.________ (make) us get on well with one another to go ahead under different 5.________(kind) of difficulties in front of us.But 6.______ (really) friendship is not easy to come by.True friendship must be sincere and be based on 7.________ (understand) each other but not on benefits of each other.A good friend can always be a good teacher to 8.________ (we)．By his advice we are persuaded 9.________ (go) the right way.Therefore, 10.________ more great friends we have, the better we can improve ourselves.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了友谊的重要性，友情使得我们能与他人友好相处，共同面对困难。真正的友谊必须建立在真诚和相互理解之上，一个好朋友就像一位好老师，能指导我们走正确的道路，帮助我们更好地改善自己。
1.important　考查形容词。句意：友谊是很重要的。be动词后用形容词作表语，故填important。
2．needs　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每个人都需要友谊。everyone作主语，谓语动词用单数，由上下文可知，时态为一般现在时，故填needs。
3．without　考查介词。句意：在我们的所有生活中，没有友谊我们就不能生活，就像没有水我们就不能生活。根据前文“we can't live without friendship”可知填without。
4．makes　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：友谊使我们彼此和睦相处，面对我们面前的不同困难迎难而上。friendship是第三人称单数形式，作主语谓语动词用单数，故填makes。
5．kinds　考查名词复数。different“不同的”，后面接可数名词复数，时态为一般现在时，故填kinds。
6．real　考查形容词。句意：但是真正的友谊不容易得到。形容词修饰名词作定语，故填real。
7．understanding　考查非谓语动词。句意：真的友谊必须是真诚的，建议在相互理解的基础上，但不是互相利用。介词后接动名词作宾语，故填understanding。
8．us　考查代词。句意：好朋友对我们来说就是良师。介词后接人称代词宾格，故填us。
9．to go　考查非谓语动词。句意：他的建议说服我们走上正确的道路。persuade sb.to do sth.固定短语，“说服某人做……”，故填to go。
10．the　考查冠词。句意：因此，我们的好朋友越多，我们越能提高我们自己。the ＋比较级，the ＋比较级，固定句式“越……，越……”，故填the。
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Section Ⅳ　GRAMMAR & WRITING
Grammar—介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句和同/反义词
语法精讲·难点透析
(一)介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句
品读例句，感知黑体部分的共性
1．In their class there are altogether 54 students, half of whom wear glasses.
2．He wrote many children's books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.
3．We expect you to become someone of whom we'll feel very proud in the future.
4．September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.
新
知
感
悟
【思考发现】
这些句子均为______从句；句中关系代词前面均有______。
定语
介词
1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略
Some experts think reading is the skill upon/on which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的技能。
语
法
精
讲
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系
在some，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each等代词或数词的前、后表示整体与部分的关系可以用of which/whom。
He had a lot of friends，none of whom would offer help to him when he was in trouble.
他有许多朋友，但当他遇到麻烦时没有人会给他提供帮助。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.
科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
3．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”或者“of which＋the＋名词”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”或者“of whom＋the＋名词”。
The newly-built cafe，the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
4．介词和关系代词的确定
一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三个方面入手：
(1)先行词的意义；
(2)从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；
(3)句子的意思。
Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted.
皮鞋生意是格林一家所致力于的事业。(be devoted to“献身，致力于”)
Care of the soul is a gradual process in which even the small details of life should be considered.
心灵的呵护是一个渐进的过程，在这一过程中，即使是生活中微小的细节也应该考虑在内。
Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price) was very reasonable.
最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
5．“介词＋where”引导的定语从句
有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees.
他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①I am looking for my glasses, ________which I can't watch TV clearly.
②The earth ____ which we live is a big round ball.
③The scientist _____ whom we are talking has gone abroad.
④I still remember the night ___which she left the house.
⑤This is the theatre in ______we'll visit a well-known pianist.
⑥They had a son and two daughters, all of _______taught at the same school.
without
on
about
on
which
whom
⑦Do you remember the house ____ which Professor Green lives
⑧The girl _____ whom you bought the dress is in the hospital.
⑨The professor with ______ you talked just now is in the office.
⑩The ice ____ which you skate must be very hard.
in
for
whom
on
(二)同义词和反义词
品读例句，感知黑体部分的共性
1．It appears that more birds which once disappeared are now singing in the forest again.
2．Some important things in the past now are unimportant at all.
3．The young may like the music of this kind but I dislike it.
4．We'd recommend you to book your flight early.
5．I'd advise you not to tell him.
6．The situation is dangerous and the UN is urging caution.
新
知
感
悟
【思考发现】
前三个句子中均有_________，这些词均是加了表示否定的______才变得意义相反；后三个句子的加黑词是_________，这三个同义词写法不同但均有“______”的意思。
反义词
前缀
同义词
建议
一、同义词
1．同义词是意义几乎相同的一组词语，它们词性相同。如look与see；ambition与hope, dream等。同义词虽然意义相同，但由于语义、感彩、语体色彩、词的搭配和位置分布的不同，有些同义词是有差异的，在不同场合要注意运用。
例如：statesman和politician在字面上都是“政治家”的意思，但是，后者往往用其贬义，表示“政客”的意思。
语
法
精
讲
2．从语体角度来讲，不同的同义词出现在不同的语体中，带有语体色彩。
3．在写作上，很多时候同义词在从句和一些并列的语句中应用比较多，起解释说明的作用。
She is a vocalist, singer working in the CCTV.(这里的 singer是对前面的名词的解释。英语中常有一些这样的句子，我们可能不一定知道第一个名词的意思，但是紧跟其后的名词我们一定学过。)
4．此外，同义词也经常用在一些谚语中。
A single spark can start a prairie fire.
星星之火，可以燎原。
二、反义词
语义相对或者相反的词叫做反义词。和同义词一样，它们词性相同。
1．换位反义词
换位反义词就是指一种对立统一的关系，一方的存在以另一方的存在为前提，双方形成一个对立的统一体。
If A sells a watch to B, B buys a watch from A．
If A gives a pen to B, B receives a pen from A．
英语中有一词多义的特征，所以反义词可能有不止一个，所以在不同的场合要注意反义词的使用。
2．固定搭配中的反义词
英语中有许多由一对反义词构成的固定搭配。例如：here and there, now and then, day and night, up and down, etc.
3．反义词在谚语中的使用，通常用对偶句，它们结构相似，意思相反。
A white lie is better than a black lie.
一个善意的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。
As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free.
只要思想被奴役，身体就永远不能自由。
Pain past is pleasure.
苦尽甘来。
East or west, home is best.
东好西好，还是家里最好。
4．词根加上前缀/后缀形成反义词。前缀有im-， in-， un-等，后缀有-less等。
【学以致用】
(1)写出下列词语的同义词
①big—________
②beautiful—______
③photo— _______
④quick—______
⑤be good at—____________
⑥take a walk—______________
⑦homeland—__________
⑧scared—__________
⑨smart—___________________
⑩flee—______
large
pretty
picture
fast
do well in
go for a walk
motherland
frightened
clever/bright/wise
escape
(2)写出下列词语的反义词
①beautiful—______
②cry—_____
③clever—______
④different— ______
⑤difficult— ______
⑥dirty—_____
⑦early—______
⑧fast—______
⑨inside—_______
⑩tight—_____
ugly
laugh
stupid
same
easy
clean
late
slow
outside
loose
Writing—概要写作
写作素养·读写结合
【文体剖析】
写概要写作时要先读懂原文，把握文章主旨大意和作者观点，抓关键词，筛选与主旨有关的主要信息。然后，借助已掌握的语言知识，对原语篇进行“浓缩” ，写出一个新的语篇。而新的语篇，既要做到在语篇结构、语篇衔接和连贯各要素上与原文保持一致，又要做到简明扼要、意义完整、结构严密和语句通顺。
写
作
指
导
概要的基本结构：
(一)写作步骤
1．通读全文，判断体裁
2．查找信息，分清主次
概要写作，要求考生具有从文章中抽取主干和找到关键信息的能力。在第二遍细读时，要弄清主要信息和次要信息，把次要信息剔除，以免影响概要写作的简洁性；同时，要养成在重点词句下做出标记的习惯。
3．概括大意，提炼内容
4．获取要点，灵活表达
5．检查修改，整理誊写
(二)改写句子基本方法
1．同义替换法
Tom thought of an idea.＝An idea occurred to Tom.
2．正话反说法
I think wealth is less important than health.
＝I don't think wealth is more important than health.
3．词性转换法
Your suggestions are super valuable＝Your suggestions are of great value.
4．利用介词短语法
We are sure to finish it in time because so many people are helping us.＝With so many people helping us, we are sure to finish it in time.
5．句式变化法
(1)语态变换
It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.＝Computers are widely used in the world today.
(2)简单句变复合句
The weather turned out to be very good.This was more than we could expect.＝The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
(3)连词衔接
He insisted on staying.He was not willing to go.＝He insisted on staying rather than going.
(4)词序改变法
Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests were present at the meeting.＝Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.
(5)利用特殊句式法
Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.＝Jim wants to go boating, and so do his parents.
【亮点词句】
词汇
顺接、递进：firstly/secondly/thirdly, besides, in addition, what's more, what's worse，what's more important, moreover, also, finally, last but not least
转折：but, however, nevertheless, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although，while
原因：because, because of, since, as, for, now that，thanks to，due to，so，therefore，as a result，so that, then, so ...that ..., such ...that
总结：to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion, in summary, in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking
句型
1．Yao Ming is a great basketball player in China or even in the world.
姚明是中国乃至世界上伟大的篮球运动员。
2．Martin Luther King is now regarded as one of the heroes of the 20th century.
马丁·路德·金现在被认为是20世纪的英雄之一。
3．Einstein, who discovered the“Relativity Theory”， is well known in the world.
爱因斯坦发现了“相对论”是众所周知的。
4．Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers that the world has ever known.
霍华德·卡特是世界上最著名的探险家之一。
5．Shakespeare, who was a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.
莎士比亚出身贫寒，几乎没有受过什么教育，他写的戏剧和诗歌在全世界都有人读。
6．Tomas Edison, born in America, was a great scientist and inventor.
托马斯·爱迪生生于美国，是一位伟大的科学家和发明家。
【写作任务】
写一篇《“超人”背后的超级英雄》的内容概要。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加连接词，以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
首段：总结原文的主要观点
中间段：主要支撑细节(出生时间、地点、主要经历、主要贡献、成就等)
尾段：总体性评价
精
品
展
示
【遣词造句】
1．Words and phrases
①____________ n．　贡献
②_______ n. 尊敬
③______ adj. 著名的
④___________ n. 成就；成绩
⑤____________ 出生于
⑥________________ 被认为是
⑦____________________________ 取得显著进步
⑧_____________ 献身于
⑨_______________ 高度评价
⑩_________________ 参加选拔
contribution
respect
famous
achievement
be born in
be regarded as
make remarkable progress
be devoted to
think highly of
try out for
2．Sentences
①虽然他再也不能走路了，但里夫以尊严和勇气开始了他的新生活。(让步状语从句)
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
②里夫解释说，尽管他可能激励了数百万人，“我所做的是基于我们内心的力量……你不需要成为‘超人’才能做到这一点。” (宾语从句；主语从句)
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Although he could never walk again, Reeve began his new life with dignity and courage.
Reeve explained that, while he may be an inspiration to millions，“what I do is based on powers we all have inside us ...and you don't have to be a ‘Superman’ to do it.”
【妙笔成篇】
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Christopher Reeve not only played a superhero in many of the Superman films, but he was also a superhero to many in real life.
Reeve acted in his first school play at the age of eight.As an actor, he tried out for, and starred in four Superman films from 1978 to 1987.From then on, he became a world-famous actor.
Unfortunately, a terrible thing happened in 1995.Reeve was thrown from a horse and broke his neck.At first, doctors did not expect him to live.However, “Superman” didn't give up.Although he could never walk again, Reeve began his new life with dignity and courage. Shortly after his accident, Reeve returned to filmmaking. Over the next few years, he devoted himself to helping those in need.
Christopher Reeve died on 10 October，2004.But he will always be regarded as a superhero—in more ways than one.
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.用介词/介词＋适当的关系代词/反义词填空
1．The town ______ which I will show you is very beautiful.
2．The satellite ___________ the rocket is built will be sent into space.
3．The photos ________ we found some information are kept in his box.
4．The country ____________ this news is coming is very rich.
5．This is the river ____________ the electricity is made.
6．This is the pilot _____________ I got the pictures.
around
for which
in which
from which
from which
from whom
7．The room ________ we took pictures is dusty.
8．There is a train ________ you can go to Beijing.
9．There is no way ________ you can solve the problem.
10．All things are difficult before they are ______．
11．Misfortunes tell us what _______ is.
12．Failure is the mother of _______．
13．Every advantage has its ____________．
14．Man struggles upwards; water flows ___________.
15．A friend is easier lost than _______．
in which
by which
in which
easy
fortune
success
disadvantage
downwards
found
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Madame Curie was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1867, when Poland was controlled by Russia.Her parents were teachers, and she learned at an early age the importance of education.
Her mother died when she was young, and when her father was caught because of teaching Polish, which had been made illegal under the Russian government, she had to get a job.Years later she went to Paris to study physics and math.After graduation, she started the research on magnetism (磁力学)．
For the research she wanted to do, she needed more space than her small lab. A friend introduced her to Pierre Curie, another young scientist, who had some extra room.Not only did Marie move her equipment into his lab, but also she and Pierre fell in love and got married.For the discovery of radium, Marie and Pierre won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.Also for this work，she was given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911.
During the first World War, Marie Curie knew that taking soldiers to a hospital when they needed operations was not always possible, so she designed the first moving X-ray machine and traveled with it along the front lines during the war.
On July 4th, 1934, Marie Curie died in Paris, killed by one of her own experiments. She died of radiation poisoning.For her struggles, she received two Nobel Prizes—the first woman to win even one.Thanks to the knowledge she gained, thousands of lives have been saved.
Great_knowledge,_however,_is_often_a_two-edged_sword. Without the work she did we might not have many modern cancer treatments, or atomic clocks, or even the computers we use every day.But through her work with radioactivity she can also be considered as the mother of the atomic bomb.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了居里夫人的生平及科学研究的相关情况。她两度荣获诺贝尔奖，为人类做出了巨大贡献。但是她的发现也是一把双刃剑。
1．Why was Madame Curie's father arrested
A．Because he broke the law in Poland.
B．Because he taught Russian in Poland.
C．Because he went to Russia without permission.
D．Because he taught Polish which was forbidden by Russia.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“when her father was caught because of teaching Polish, which had been made illegal under the Russian government”可知，她父亲因教波兰语被逮捕，故D项正确。
2．What did Madame Curie do during World War Ⅰ？
A．She went to hospitals to treat wounded soldiers.
B．She invented the earliest moving X-ray machine.
C．She took a lot of soldiers to hospitals.
D．She traveled and made records of the wounded soldiers.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...so she designed the first moving X-ray machine and traveled with it ...”可知B项正确。
3．What can we infer about Madame Curie from the passage
A．She named Pierre for a larger lab.
B．She struggled for the two Nobel Prizes all her life.
C．She did some experiments which were harmful to her health.
D．She devoted her life to making inventions that would help soldiers.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段前两句“On July 4th, 1934, Marie Curie died in Paris, killed by one of her own experiments.She died of radiation poisoning.”可推知，有些实验对她的健康是有害的。
4．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph show
A．Madame Curie could provide cancer treatments at that time
B．Madame Curie could make atomic bombs that brought danger
C．Madame Curie changed people's lifestyles through her inventions
D．Madame Curie discovered something that had both advantages and disadvantages
解析：D　句意理解题。最后一段既提到她的贡献，也提到可称她为“原子弹之母”，由此可知，居里夫人发现的物质(放射性元素)对于人类有有利和不利两个方面的影响。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The question was once asked of a 1.______ (high) successful businessman, “How have you done so much in your lifetime？” He replied, “I had dreams.Then I went to bed 2.________ thought about my dreams.In the night I dreamt about my dreams.And when I 3.________ (awake) in the morning, I saw the way to make my dreams come true.”
“While other people were saying, ‘You can't do that, and it is 4.________ (possible)．’ Actually, I was well on my way to 5.________ (achieve) what I wanted.As Woodrow Wilson, the 28th President 6.________ the US, said: ‘We grow great by dreams.’”
All big men are 7.________ (dreamer)．Some of us let these dreams die, but 8.________ nourish and protect them; nourish them through bad days 9.________ they bring them to the sunshine and light which come always to those who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true.So please, don't let anyone steal your dreams, or try to tell you they 10.________ (be) too impossible. Sing your songs and dream your dreams.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。梦想有可能成就伟大。心中有梦想，一切皆有可能。
1．highly　考查副词。high作副词指具体的高，此处应用指抽象的高的副词highly修饰其后的形容词successful。
2．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知此处为顺承关系，故应用and连接两个并列的动词短语。
3．awoke　考查时态。本段的谓语动词均使用了一般过去时，故此处需要用相对应的一般过去时。
4．impossible　考查形容词。此处是说你不能那样做，那是不可能的，故此处用impossible。
5．achieving　考查非谓语动词。on one's way to这一固定搭配中的to为介词，其后接动词-ing形式作宾语。
6．of　考查介词。此处表示就像美国第28届总统伍德罗·威尔逊所说，“梦想成就伟大”。用介词of表示所属关系。
7．dreamers　考查名词复数。主语men和谓语are均暗示出其表语为名词复数dreamers。
8．others　考查固定搭配。此处为固定结构some ...others ...“一些人……其他人……”。
9．until/till　考查时间状语从句。until/till引导时间状语从句。
10．are　考查时态和主谓一致。本句表示客观事实，故此处应用一般现在时，they暗示出其谓语动词用are。
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
While many of us go to sleep before midnight, some teenagers choose to stay up much later.They are not driven by the burning desire to write a better essay or achieve a higher grade.Instead, they are busy playing online games.Known as young Internet addicts, they have long been a problem in China.A report released in 2016 by the China Youth Association for Network Development showed that there were over 24 million young Internet addicts among China's young urban Internet users.The report also said that over 18 million youths had a tendency to develop Internet addiction.
To deal with the problem of Internet addiction among teenagers, the Cyberspace Administration of China has released draft regulations which carried out a ban on online gaming.If the regulations are adopted，under-18s would be banned from playing online games between midnight and 8 am.
As soon as the government's draft law surfaced, it drew great attention from the public.Some applauded the law as a way to better protect minors (未成年人)，saying that too much overnight gaming is harmful to minors' health and believing the period between midnight and 8 am to be vital to human physical functions.However, others wondered whether it would be practical if it came into effect, as minors could just borrow their parents' IDs to register accounts to play online games.The Guangming Daily suggested that parents should help their teenagers find a balance between the cyber world and the real world.
China is by no means the only one trying to fight against teenager gaming addiction.Germany introduced a regulation in 2002 in an attempt to stop minors from playing online games from 10 pm to 6 am.Meanwhile，the UK，the US and Australia have forced a rating system on computer games to make sure that teenagers cannot access “adult” content such as violence，sex or bad language.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Many teenagers in China have become addicted to overnight online games.Thus，the government made a draft law to solve the long-lasting issue.Some people welcomed the law because it is beneficial to the teenagers' health，while others doubted whether it would be effective.Actually, many other countries have also been making laws against the youth online addiction.
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课时规范训练
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放(共126张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1 A MEDICAL PIONEER
语篇研析·教材精读
1．I believe I can have a ___________ career with the development of this company.
2．The point is, if you think __________, you can solve your linking problem.
promising
creatively
词
汇
预
习
Ⅰ.重点单词
(一)选用下面的单词并用其适当形式填空
admirable；remarkable；generation；intelligent；generous；creatively；effective；recognition；establish；chemical；literature；eventually；promising；potential；advance
3．The state places great hopes on the younger __________．
4．It is quite ___________that doctors have been so wrong about this.
5．All human beings are much more ____________than animals.
6．The new rules will become ___________ in the next few days.
7．A lot of poisonous waste water comes from that __________ factory.
8．I __________ realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice.
effective
chemical
eventually
generation
remarkable
intelligent
(二)写出下列词汇的派生词
1．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→___________ adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的
2．remark n．谈论；言论；评述；引人注目→___________adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的
3．generate vt.产生；引起→__________ n．一代(人)
4．intelligence n．智力→___________ adj.聪敏的；有智慧的
5．create vt.创造→__________ adj.有创造力的→__________ adv.创造性地；有创造力地→__________ n．创造力
6．effect n．影响；效果→___________ adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
7．recognize vt.承认；认出→____________ n．表彰；赞扬
admirable
remarkable
generation
intelligent
creative
creatively
creativity
effective
recognition
8．chemistry n．化学→___________n．化学品； adj.化学的
9．limit vt.限制→_______ adj.有限的
10．eventual adj.最终的→__________ adv.最终；终于
11．promise v．承诺；预示n.诺言→___________ adj.大有希望的
12．_______ n．发展；进步→advanced adj.高级的
13．__________ adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的→generosity n．大方；慷慨
chemical
limited
eventually
promising
advance
generous
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．________ the help of 　在……帮助下
2．lead ______ 导致；通向
3．put _______ fires 灭火
4．fight _______ ... 努力争取，为……斗争
5．have ... ______ mind 心里已有……
6．apart ________ ... 除……之外
7．come ________ 偶遇；偶然发现
8．be noted _______ 因……而闻名
with
to
out
for
in
from
across
for
Step 1　Fast reading
Read the text and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A．Her missions and research.
Para.2 B．Her attitude towards fame.
Para.3 C．Her achievements.
Para.4 D．Her personal information.
Para.5 E．The challenges she and her team faced.
答案：Paras.1－5　CDAEB
教
材
精
读
Step 2　Careful reading
Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．How old was she when Tu Youyou got the Nobel Prize
A．82. B．83.
C．84. D．85.
2．Who helped Tu Youyou discover the life-saving drug
A．Her friends. B．Her family.
C．No one. D．Her team.
3．How long did Tu Youyou study Chinese medicine with experts in the field
A．Two and a half years.
B．One and a half years.
C．A half year.
D．Three and a half years.
4．Why was it difficult for them to discover artemisinin
A．The team didn't have enough money.
B．The team didn't have enough resources.
C．The team didn't have enough books.
D．The team wasn't good at doing experiments.
5．What can we learn from the text
A．Tu is not interested in fame.
B．She doesn't continue to conduct research today because of her age.
C．Tu was forced to be the first human subject.
D．Tu used traditional research methods to study the Chinese herbs.
答案：1－5　CDABA
Ⅱ.Read the text carefully again and then fill in the form below.
About Tu Youyou
Her
achievements The first Chinese female scientist ①_____________ a Nobel Prize for her work.
Personal
information Born in Zhejiang Province, on ②__________________；
Studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Center；
Became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences after ③__________.
to be awarded
30 December，1930
graduation
About Tu Youyou
Her missions
and research Chosen to establish a team to find ④______________ malaria in 1969；
Researched hundreds of ⑤___________ recipes connected to anti-malarial cures；
Using ⑥_________________________ to study these Chinese herbs one by one.
a cure for
traditional
modern research methods
About Tu Youyou
The challenges The team had ⑦___________________.They didn't have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor ⑧_____________．

Her attitude
towards fame She is ⑨___________________ fame，she has become a scientist whose work is ⑩_______________ renowned.
limited resources
air quality
not interested in
internationally
Step 3　Post reading
According to the text of Lesson 1 fill in the blanks with an appropriate word or the correct form of the words in brackets.
Tu Youyou is famous around the world.She is the first female Chinese scientist 1.________ (win) the Nobel Prize.She was born in Zhejiang Province, China, 2._____ 30 December, 1930.She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Center.After her 3.__________ (graduate) from university, she became a member of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.In 1969, she 4.____________ (choose) to establish a team to find a cure 5._____ malaria—a disease that kills millions of people every year.It was not an easy
to win
on
graduation
was chosen
for
task. They had 6._______ (limit) resources and they did not have enough staff. They tested more than 240，000 chemicals with no success.Tu Youyou studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in 7.___________ (tradition) Chinese medicine.Then Tu Youyou and her team used modern research methods to study the Chinese herbs one by one.After hundreds of 8.______ (fail) experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical.The medicine they discovered was artemisinin, 9._____ has now become the world's 10.__________________ (effective) drug for fighting malaria.
limited
traditional
failed
which
most effective
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time.She fought for women's rights long before they became a popular issue.
Susan was born on February 15，1820，in Adams，Massachusetts.At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.
At the age of 15，Susan became a school teacher.She taught for 15 years.Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.She helped gain better educational rights for women.She helped give married women possession of their earnings.
After the Civil War，Susan became very involved in the women's suffrage movement.After years of lecturing，writing，and appealing by Susan and other women，some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote.The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision．It was not until 1920 that the U．S.Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.
Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin.It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。
1．What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born
A．They had low social status.
B．They could vote after getting married.
C．They managed money for their husbands.
D．They were responsible for decision-making.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At that time，women had few rights.They ...the fathers.Women could not vote.”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。B、C和D项均与此表述不符。
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．Susan's teaching experiences.
B．Susan's educational background.
C．Susan's efforts to abolish slavery.
D．Susan's fighting for women's causes.
解析：D　段落大意题。通读第三段尤其是“Then she began organising women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。
3．What does the underline word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to
A．Promoting the social movement.
B．Changing the U．S.Constitution.
C．Giving women voting rights.
D．Uniting other areas and states.
解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句“The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision．”可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。
4．What may be the best title for the text
A．The First American Woman to Invent Coins
B．The Problem of Women's Rights in the U．S.
C．The Most Popular Women Organisations
D．A Pioneer in Fighting for Women's Rights
解析：D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权力。据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
Everyone wants to be self-confident, but maybe we just don't know how to be.Here are some tips on how you can feel more confident about yourself.
__1__ Everyone has shortcomings.When you have found your shortcomings, work to overcome them.If you are a shy person, take part in social activities, such as parties, and speak to at least one or two people there.
Second, try to spend more time with positive people.Successful and confident people have their own ways of settling problems.__2__
Third, set goals for yourself.With each goal you achieve, you self-confidence will increase.__3__ We are afraid that we might lose.Stop thinking like that and give yourself a chance.
Fourth, start each day with a sense of opportunity.__4__ Think positively about yourself.
Actually everyone has his or her own way of becoming confident.__5__ Friends might have useful suggestions, too.
In short, as long as you try new things, you are sure to become more confident.
A．You should talk with your friends.
B．Pay attention and learn from them.
C．First, don't think about your weak points.
D．It's not always right to ask friends for help.
E．Sometimes we might be afraid of trying new things.
F．First, you should know what your weak points are.
G．Start your day by reading something encouraging.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一些关于如何让自己更自信的建议。
1．F　根据下文：“Everyone has shortcomings.When you have found your shortcomings, work to overcome them.”(每个人都有缺点，当你发现你的缺点时，要去克服它们。)可知，首先你要知道你的弱点所在。由下文的“Second”，“Third”，“Fourth”等也可得出答案。故选F。
2．B　根据上句“Successful and confident people have their own ways of settling problems.”(成功和自信的人有自己解决困难的方法。)可知，要关注并向他们学习。故答案为B。
3．E　根据空格下句“We are afraid that we might lose.Stop thinking like that and give yourself a chance.”(我们害怕可能会失去。别那样想，给自己一个机会。)可知，有时候我们会害怕尝试新事物。故答案为E。
4．G　根据上句“Fourth, start each day with a sense of opportunity.”(带着机会感开始每一天。)再根据空格下句“Think positively about yourself.”(积极地看待自己。)可知，G项“Start your day by reading something encouraging.”(阅读令人受鼓舞的事情来开始你的每一天。)符合题意。故答案为G。
5．A　根据下句“Friends might have useful suggestions, too.”(朋友可能有一些有用的建议。)可知，上文的意思是：你应该和你的朋友谈话。故答案为A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
If you live in the United States, the law says you can't have a full-time job until you are 16 years old.At 14 or 15, you can work part-time after school or 1.________ weekends, and during summer you can work 40 2.________ (hour) each week.Does all that mean that if you are 3.________ (young) than 14, you can't earn your own money Of course not! Kids 4.________ are between the ages of 10 and 13 can earn money by doing lots of things.
Valerie, 11, told us that she made money by 5.________ (clean) up other people's yards.Lena, 13, makes money by knitting (织) dog sweaters and selling 6.________ (they) to her neighbors, and Reisa said she had started taking art classes and showing her work to people.People have asked her 7.________ (draw) pictures for them and they pay her for them.
Earning 8.________ (be) learning.By working to earn your own money, you are learning the skills you will need to succeed in life.Some people think that asking for money is a lot easier than earning it.9.________ , the five dollars that you earn will 10.________ (probable) make you feel a lot better in your hand than the twenty dollars you ask for.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。根据美国法律直到16岁才能做全职工作，14、15岁可以做兼职，小于14岁的孩子该如何赚钱呢？10－13岁的孩子可以通过帮别人做一些生活中的小事，例如打扫卫生、看孩子、遛狗等来挣钱。通过做这些事情，孩子们不但挣到了钱，还学会了日后生活的必备技能，同时也体会到了通过自己劳动挣钱的乐趣。
1．on　考查介词。短语on weekends意为“在周末”，故填on。
2．hours　考查名词复数。hour是可数名词，前面是40，故此处用复数形式，故填hours。
3．younger　考查形容词比较级。此处应填形容词作为表语，根据than判断用比较级形式，故填younger。
4．who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句的关系词，先行词是kids，关系代词在从句中充当主语，故用指人的关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
5．cleaning　考查动名词。此处应填动名词形式作为介词by的宾语，故填cleaning。
6．them　考查代词。they指代dog sweaters，此处应用宾格形式作为sell的宾语，故填them。
7．to draw　考查固定短语。短语ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，故填to draw。
8．is　考查时态和主谓一致。根据下文的“are”判断，此处为一般现在时，earning为动名词作主语，看作第三人称单数，故填is。
9．However　考查副词。句意：然而，通过自己劳动挣的5美元比问别人要的20美元拿在手里的感觉要好很多。此处应填副词修饰后面整个句子，再结合语境可知上下文为转折意义，且位于句首首字母大写，故填However。
10．probably　考查副词。此处应填副词修饰动词make，故填probably。
知识探究·讲练互动
1.admire vt.钦佩；欣赏
I admire them because they are so...(教材原句)
我钦佩他们，因为他们如此……
【语境体验】
① I admire him for his bravery and learning.
我钦佩他胆识过人，学识渊博。
②During the Mid-Autumn Festival，family members often gather together to share a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
中秋节，家人们经常聚在一起吃饭，赏月，吃月饼。
③She was admiring herself in the mirror when I entered the room.
我进屋时，她正对着镜子自我欣赏。
④We stopped in admiration of the beautiful scenery along the Yangtze.
我们停下来欣赏长江沿岸的美景。
(1)admire sb./sth.for (doing) sth.　因(做)某事钦佩某人/某物
(2) admiration n. 钦佩；赞赏
have/express admiration for sb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人/物
in/with admiration 钦佩地/羡慕地
in admiration of 赞美
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)单句语法填空
①The school is widely admired _____ its excellent teaching.
②It is an ___________ (admire) decision that is worth making.
(2)一句多译
我们钦佩他处理这个局面的方法。
③We __________________ he handled the situation.(admire)
④We _______________________ he handled the situation. (admiration)
for
admirable
admire the way
have admiration for the way
2．cure vt.治好(疾病)；治愈 n．疗法
cure diseases(教材原句)
治愈疾病
【语境体验】
①The fact is that the medicine can't cure his father of his cancer.
事实是这种药并不能治愈他父亲的癌症。
②The doctors spent a month treating her, and at last she was cured.
医生用了一个月治疗她，最终她被治愈了。
(1)cure sb.of治好某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯
(2)a cure for疾病的治疗方法；问题的解决方法
归纳 拓展
【名师指津】　(1)cure指“治愈；治好”疾病，消除痛苦，除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等，侧重结果。常用于 cure sb.of sth.结构中；(2)treat通常强调过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思。一般用于 treat sb.for sth.结构中。
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①They claim to have discovered a cure _____ the disease.
②Will you be able to cure him ____ his cold
for
of
3．generous adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的
brave，intelligent，creative，sensible，capable，hard-working，generous(教材原句)
勇敢，聪明，有创造力，理智，能干，勤奋，慷慨。
【语境体验】
①One should be generous with his time in helping others.
一个人应不惜时间慷慨地帮助他人。
②The old gentleman is quite generous to the poor.
那位老绅士对穷人非常大方。
③It was very generous of you to forgive her.
你能原谅她实在是宽宏大量。
(1)be generous with sth.　在某方面慷慨/大方
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨/大方
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是宽宏大量/真大方
(2) generosity n. 慷慨；大方
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①The rich are not always generous ____ the poor.
②He is generous ______ his money and his time.
③It was very generous of you _________ (lend) your motorbike to me yesterday.
④He accepted the apology with great __________ (generous)．
to
with
to lend
generosity
4．lead to 引起，导致；通向(to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式)
A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee called Hans Forssberg explained that “the discovery of artemisinin has led to the development of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions”．(教材原句)
诺贝尔奖委员会的一位名叫汉斯·福斯伯格的科学家解释说，“青蒿素的发现促成了新药的开发，这些新药拯救了数百万人的生命”。
【语境体验】
①I'm wondering what has led you to believe that all roads lead to Rome.
我疑惑什么使你相信：条条大路通罗马。
②A lack of confidence can lead to your losing the chance.
缺乏自信会导致你失去这次机会。
③The leading figure is now leading a peaceful life in a seaside cottage.
这个主要人物正在海边的村舍过着平静的生活。
(1)lead sb.to do sth.　使某人做某事(to为不定式)
lead sb.to ... 带领某人通往……；使某人得出(观点)
lead a ...life 过着……的生活
lead the way 引路，带路
(2)leading adj. 主要的；第一位的；领先的
归纳 拓展
【名师指津】　除lead to外，常见的表示“引起，导致”的表达还有：cause, result in，bring about等。
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's ____________ (catch)．
②Look over there—there's a very long, winding path _______ (lead) to the house.
③In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them _____________ (practise) speaking English in an interesting way.
being caught
leading
to practise
5．honour n．荣誉 vt.感到荣幸
“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”(教材原句)
“这不仅是我个人的荣誉，也是对中国所有科学家的认可和鼓舞。”
【语境体验】
①I have the honour to make a speech to welcome the respected guests.
我有幸发表演说来欢迎尊贵的客人。
②I felt honoured to have been mentioned in his speech.
很荣幸他在讲话中提到了我。
③The ceremony is held in honour of two firefighters who have been honoured for their courage.
这个仪式是为了向两名消防员表示敬意，他们因非凡的勇气获得嘉奖。
(1) honoured adj.　 深感荣幸的；受尊敬的
be honoured for ... 因……而受到尊敬或获得荣誉
be honoured as ... 被尊为……
be/feel honoured to do/of doing ... 为做……而感到荣幸
(2)have the honour to do/of doing ... 有幸做……
It is one's honour to do sth. 做某事是某人的荣幸
in honour of/in one's honour 为了纪念……；为向……表示敬意
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
(1)单句语法填空
①A temple was built in honour ____ the brave dragon.
②I ________________ (honour) to have a front-row seat, which was really a surprise to me.
(2)完成句子
③在这里与你分享我关于在高中学习什么的观点是我的荣幸。
_______________ to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
of
was honoured
It is my honour
6．limited adj.有限的
The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited resources.(教材原句)
这项任务困难的原因是团队资源有限。
【语境体验】
①The natural resources we have are limited.Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit.
我们拥有的自然资源是有限的，因此我们没有理由毫无限制地浪费宝贵的资源。
②There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to serving the people.
一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。
(1)limit ...to ...　　把……限制到……
be limited to ... 受限于……
(2)beyond the limit 超过限度
within the limits of ... 在……范围内
without limit 无限制地
(3)limit vt. 限制
n. 界限
limitless adj. 无限的
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①After all, individual strength is _________ (limit)．
②Set a limit ______ the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.
limited
to
7．advance n．发展；进步 vt.促进；前进；提前
There is great potential for future advances if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated.(教材原句)
如果这两种智慧能够完全融合，那么未来的发展潜力巨大。
【语境体验】
①In recent years, we have advanced greatly in our knowledge of the universe.
近几年，我们对宇宙的认识取得了很大的进步。
②Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of better communication.
多亏了先进的技术，我们生活在一个先进的通信时代。
(1)in advance＝ahead of time提前；预先
make an advance in sth. 在某方面有进步
(2)advanced adj. 先进的；高级的
归纳 拓展
【名师指津】　advance作形容词时，意为“预先的；在前的”；advanced意为“高级的；先进的”。
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①He would call ______ advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.
②With __________ technology, more __________ in the robot technology will be made by scientists in the future.(advance)
in
advanced
advances
8．apart from ...除……之外
Malaria kills over 1，000，000 people a year—more people than any other diseases apart from AIDS.(教材原句)
疟疾每年导致一百多万人死亡，比除艾滋病以外的任何其他疾病导致的死亡人数都多。
【语境体验】
①He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town.
他嗓音深沉，这使他有别于我们小镇上的其他人。
②Rod loves taking apart clocks.However, he never manages to put them together again.
罗德喜欢拆钟表，然而他从来不去把它们再组装起来。
(1)apart from 意为“除此之外(表示除……以外别无其他)”时，相当于except/except for，不包括介词之后的名词、代词或动名词；当意为“除了……之外(还有)……”时，相当于besides/in addition to，包括介词之后的名词、代词或动名词。
(2)take ...apart　将……拆卸开，拆分
tell ...apart 分辨出……，辨别……
set sb./sth.apart (from) 使某人/物与众不同，使突出；留出；拨出
归纳 拓展
【易混辨析】
apart from “除……之外”，当指“包括在内”时相当于besides；当指“不包括在内”时相当于except(for)。
in addition
to/besides “除了……之外”，强调除此之外还包括其他。
except “除……之外”，指从整体中除去一部分。其后可接that/when引导的从句。
except for “除……以外”，指说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，一般表示美中不足，其后一般接名词。
【学以致用】
选词填空
①____________ (apart from/except for) school work, the children also have to take arts, music and sports classes in their free time.
②Everything was perfect ____________ (apart from/besides) the weather.
③Some people choose jobs for other reasons _______ (except/besides) money these days.
④He knew nothing about her journey _____________ (except/except that) she was to be away for months.
Apart from
apart from
besides
except that
9．come across偶遇；偶然发现
However, after hundreds of failed experiments，they eventually came across a promising chemical.(教材原句)
然而，在数百次失败的实验之后，他们最终发现了一种很有前途的化学物质。
【语境体验】
①Day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked.
连续几天我提出解决办法，但都没效果。
②I'll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey.
我决不能理解这么短的路程你却迟到一小时是怎么发生的。
come up with　提出；想出；赶上
come up 走近；上来；被提出，被提及(无被动形式)
come about 发生；产生(无被动语态)
come across (偶然)遇到或发现；被理解
come out 出来；出版(无被动语态)
come to 来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉
When it comes to (doing) sth. 当涉及/谈到(做)某事
归纳 拓展
【名师指津】　表示“偶然遇到”的常见短语还有：meet with, run into, run across, meet ...by chance/accident等。
【学以致用】
(1)单句语法填空
①When walking down the street, I came ______ David, whom I hadn't seen for years.
②Tom came up ______ a good idea at the meeting.
③Since the author won the Nobel Prize in 2020, his fans have been eagerly waiting for his new novels to come _____．
across
with
out
(2)完成句子
④他讲了很久，但是还没有把意思讲明白。
He spoke for a long time, but his meaning ______________________.
⑤当谈到英语时，听和说是我的弱项之所在。
Listening and speaking is where my weakness lies _________________ _________．
did not come across
when it comes to
English
10．The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.(教材原句)
这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
【句型剖析】　句中“the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded”为“序数词the first/the second/...(＋名词)＋不定式”结构。“scientist”被序数词“the first”修饰，后面的不定式短语“to be awarded”作后置定语，修饰“the first Chinese female scientist。”
【语境体验】
①In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
1973年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
②China is the first country to launch a quantum-enabled satellite into space.
中国是第一个发射量子卫星的国家。
③He was the second person to be met with by the manager.
他是第二个被经理接见的人。
the first/last/best/right/only/very ...＋n.＋to do sth.“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的/唯一的/恰好的……做某事的人/物”
归纳 拓展
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①China was the first country ________ (drink) green tea more than 4，000 years ago and it still enjoys popularity today.
②She was the first woman _________________ (appoint) to the board.
③Mike will become the first person in his family _________ (finish) the college education.
to drink
to be appointed
to finish
11．Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that her work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives.(教材原句)
屠呦呦以其在中国科学困难时期作为科学家的勇气、运用旧智慧和新方法实现目标的能力以及跨越东西方世界、挽救数百万人生命的工作而闻名。
【句型剖析】　“the fact that her work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds”是同位语从句。中心词为“the fact”，关系词为“that”。
【语境体验】
①I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
我对自己承诺：今年，我高中的第一年，会有所不同。
②Evidence has been found through years of study that children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
通过多年的研究发现：有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很有可能会随着他们的成长继续下去。
③She asked a question why there was a delay.
她问了延误的原因。
④I have no idea when he will come back home.
我不知道他什么时候回家。
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。
(1)常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有：advice 建议；conclusion 结论；demand要求；doubt 怀疑；fact 事实；hope 希望；idea 主意；information 信息；message 消息；news 消息；order 命令；possibility 可能性；promise 诺言；question 问题；request 请求；suggestion 建议； thought 想法；plan计划
(2)引导同位语从句的连接词有：that, whether, how, where, when, why等。
归纳 拓展
【名师指津】　在同位语从句中，that, whether不作句子成分。that无实义，whether意为“是否”，if一般不引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
【学以致用】
单句语法填空
①This should serve as a warning ______ people should be aware of their surroundings, especially when crossing roads.
②Word has come _______Basi's body will be put in Basi Museum, which is under construction at present.
③The thought _________ I can pass the exam always comes into my mind and makes me worried.
that
that
whether
随堂训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Please accept my thanks for your concern and __________ (慷慨)．
2．A special ___________ (委员会) has been set up.
3．Oil is one of their greatest ___________ (资源)．
4．Under this system, popular education has made great __________ (进步)．
5．Some have ______ (赢得) more than others.
generosity
committee
resources
advances
gained
6．For a time he was looked on as a p__________ writer.
7．Patience and w_____ come from old age.
8．We know the p__________ problems and have taken some measures.
9．The flight e___________ took off after we waited for 6 hours.
10．We have already e__________ contact with the museum.
romising
isdom
otential
ventually
stablished
Ⅱ.选词填空
with the help of；lead to；put out；fight for；apart from；come across; be noted for; a cure for
1．We must ___________ the peace of the world.
2．_________________ teachers and parents, they are learning how to use it.
3．Too much work and too little rest ________ illness.
4．____________ a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours is well written.
fight for
With the help of
leads to
Apart from
5．Scientists are in search of ______________ the disease.
6．I _____________ this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday.
7．If there is no rain, firemen will have no water to ___________ fires.
a cure for
came across
put out
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他是第一个想到这个主意的人。
He was ________________________________．
2．他成功的原因是他工作很努力。
_________________________________ he worked very hard.
3．感谢你的帮助，没有你的帮助我们不可能按时完成工作。
Thank you for your help, _______________________________________ the work on time.
the first person to think of the idea
The reason why he succeeded is that
without which we could not have finished
4．在这么短的时间里到哪里去弄那么多钱这个问题使我烦恼。
The problem _____________________________in such a short time makes me upset.
5．我买玫瑰的原因就是玛丽喜欢它们。
The reason _______________________________ is that Mary likes them.
where I can get so much money
for which/why I bought the roses
Ⅳ.微写作
根据提示完成下文
我很荣幸(honour)站在这里代表我们团队接受委员会(committee)的表彰。在我看来，我们的成功是大家智慧(wisdom)的结晶，这项荣誉应授予(award)全体员工(staff)。我们的团队建立(establish)于2008年，我们的目标是找到治疗(cure)一种致命疾病的方法。我们利用有限的(limited)资源(resource)发现了这种有前途的(promising)化学品(chemical)。尽管过程中遇到(come across)了很多困难，但是最终(eventually)我们取得了成功。我们不关心名声(fame)，只关心这种化学品的潜力(potential)和发展(advance)。我们的成功鼓舞了很多人。
【参考范文】
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
On behalf of our team I am honoured to stand here to receive the award from the committee.As far as I'm concerned, our success is the fruit of everyone's wisdom and the prize should be awarded to all of the staff.Our team was established in 2008, and our aim was to find a cure for a deadly disease.We discovered this promising chemical by making use of the limited resources.Although we came across many difficulties in the process, we gained success eventually.We are not interested in fame, and we only care about the potential and advance of the chemical.A large number of people have got inspiration from our success.
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We found much of ____________ (intelligent) and promise in the boy.
2．It's that kind of determination that makes him such a __________ (remark)character.
3．At last, her father's work has received popular ___________ (recognize)．
4．She is among the most ___________ (promise)players in her age group.
5．Scientific research often involves __________(create) and inventions.
intelligence
remarkable
recognition
promising
creativity
6．Doctor Bethune's internationalist spirit is altogether ___________ (admire)．
7．The subject of the talk is announced a week ___ advance.
8．I appreciate your __________(generous)in the matter.
9．The medicine which I gave you will cure you _____ your disease.
10．The school _______________I once studied lies in a small village.
admirable
in
generosity
of
where in which
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Every year in America, high-school students who want to go on to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT for short.Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them.The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one's mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally，the English part involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.
But the SAT folks have added a single question，to be answered in an essay, handwritten on the spot.That's an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside.Have you ever seen young people's handwriting lately Or anyone's for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks.They scribble class notes in what can generously be described as the written word.
Yet today's kids are asked to write, thoughtfully and clearly, for several minutes on this SAT test.Good luck to the text scorers who must work out difficultly the scrawl (潦草的笔迹) of young people who've been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one's score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers.And don't forget, we all have to use handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when the power goes out.
Then how to improve the handwriting Well, with a few simple steps you can improve your handwriting.Position the pen.You should hold the pen between the forefinger and the thumb.You should then rest it near the first knuckle (指节) of the middle finger.The rest of your fingers should be curled (卷曲) under your hand and your hand should remain relaxed.
Evaluate your writing.What do you like and what don't you like about the way you write Make changes to your letters till you like how they look.
Take your time.Make sure that while you are writing, you take your time. Speed can definitely make your writing terrible.If it is worth writing well, then take your time.
Practice. Practice it a lot; it's not enough to do it once and hope for the best. It has to be something you work at to make great improvements.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在美国，每年想要上大学的高中生都要参加一项叫作学术能力倾向测试的全国考试，简称SAT。这个考试增加了当场书写部分，但是当前学生不注重书写，因此短文也介绍了如何提高书写的建议。
1．What does the SAT test students on
A．Math, English, reading and writing.
B．Math, grammar, reading and handwriting.
C．Math, foreign language and writing.
D．Math, foreign language and handwriting.
解析：B　细节理解题。由第一段的“The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one's mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally，the English part involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.”以及第二段的“But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, handwritten on the spot.”可知，学业能力倾向测验衡量一个人的数学能力和对英语的使用。传统上，英语部分涉及语法问题和测试阅读理解的段落。但是SAT考试增加了一个问题，要求考生当场手写来回答问题。所以目前，SAT考试考查的是学生的数学，语法，阅读和书写。故选B项。
2．What does the underlined word “scribble” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Writing quickly and roughly.
B．Typing simply and correctly.
C．Painting clearly and neatly.
D．Describing properly and well.
解析：A　词义猜测题。由第三段“Good luck to the text scorers who must work out difficultly the scrawl (潦草的笔迹) of young people who've been typing on computers since the age of three！”可知，祝那些评分员们好运，因为这些年轻人三岁起就开始在电脑上打字，他们必须看这些潦草的字迹。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，在第2段画线的“scribble”一词可能是指写得又快又粗糙。 故选A项。
3．What can good handwriting do according to the text
A．It can help students pass the test.
B．It can make a student more popular.
C．It can show students' ability.
D．It can assist students in getting a job.
解析：D　细节理解题。由第三段“Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one's score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers.”可知，老师们坚持认为，好的书写不仅能帮助一个人在SAT考试中取得好成绩，而且在以后的生活中，还能给潜在的雇主留下深刻的印象。所以根据短文，好的书写可以帮助学生找工作。故选D项。
4．What does the author want to tell us
A．Writing seems to be very important in the SAT.
B．Those who will go to college have to take the SAT.
C．Students should practice handwriting more often.
D．Kids don't know how to write in the computer age.
解析：C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，在美国，每年想要上大学的高中生都要参加一项叫作学术能力倾向测试的全国考试，简称SAT。这个考试增加了当场书写部分，但是当前学生不注重书写，因此短文也介绍了如何提高书写的建议。所以作者通过这篇短文主要想告诉学生应该多练习书写。故选C项。
Ⅲ.七选五
Have you ever sat down with your book and stared at the same words until you fall asleep You know you should study but you just don't feel like it Hopefully these ideas will help you improve your study.
Prepare your study space.
__1__ This could be a library, a cafe, a room in your house, or anywhere else that is free from too much noise.Avoid places where you're likely to run into your friends.
Remove your distractions(使人分心的事)．
Set your cell phone to the silent mode.__2__ Let them know ahead of time that you need time to study, if you think they'll be concerned.Better yet, just turn it off and keep it somewhere out of view so you won't be attracted to keep taking a look at it.
__3__
Set some certain goals for your study task.Set exact, achievable goals instead of unclear purposes.Instead of telling yourself, “I have to get good at English，” think of an exact goal such as “I will try my best to learn this passage by heart.” __4__
Get started.
Just get started! __5__ If your study timetable looks too difficult, set a smaller goal.Consider reading half of the chapter today and half tomorrow.Just do one or two problems from the work book.Remember that it is always better to do a little now than to end up doing nothing at all.
A．Set study goals.
B．Avoid too many goals.
C．Sometimes that can be the hardest part.
D．Find a quiet space where you will be focused.
E．You should not miss the important calls when you are studying.
F．Achieving this goal will make you have a sense of achievement at the end of your study.
G．You do not want to be taking calls from friends and family members when you're trying to study.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何提高学习效率列出了一些建议。
1．D　根据本段小标题“Prepare your study space.”(准备好你的学习空间。)和空格下一句“This could be a library, a cafe, a room in your house, or anywhere else that is free from too much noise.”(可以是一个图书馆，一个咖啡馆，你家的一个房间，或其他没有太多噪音的地方。)，可以推断D 选项“Find a quiet space where you will be focused.”(找一个让你集中精力的安静空间)切题。故选D。
2．G　根据本段小标题“Remove your distractions(使人分心的事)．”(消除你的干扰)，空前一句“Set your cell phone to the silent mode.”(把你的手机调成静音模式。)和空后一句“Let them know ahead of time that you need time to study”(提前让他们知道你需要时间学习)，“them”(他们)指代G选项中的“friends and family members”(朋友和家人)。可推断G选项“You do not want to be taking calls from friends and family members when you're trying to study.”(当你在学习的时候，你不想接朋友和家人的电话。)切题。故选G。
3．A　根据空后一段“Set some certain goals for your study task.Set exact, achievable goals instead of unclear purposes.Instead of telling yourself, ‘I have to get good at English，’ think of an exact goal ...”(为你的学习任务设定一些特定的目标。设定准确的、可实现的目标，而不是不明确的目标。不要告诉自己“我必须学好英语”，而是要想出一个确切的目标……)，可知，这一段的主旨是设定学习目标，故A选项“Set study goals.”(设定学习目标)切题。故选A。
4．F　根据本段中的“Set exact, achievable goals instead of unclear purposes. Instead of telling yourself, ‘I have to get good at English，’ think of an exact goal such as ‘I will try my best to learn this passage by heart.’”(设定准确的、可实现的目标，而不是不明确的目标。与其告诉自己“我必须学好英语”，不如想想一个确切的目标，比如“我会尽我最大的努力把这段话背下来。”)可知，设定目标要切实可行，这样才有信心和成就感朝着下一个目标前进。F选项“Achieving this goal will make you have a sense of achievement at the end of your study.”( 达到这个目标将使你在学习结束时有成就感)切题。故选F。
5．C　根据空前一句“Just get started！”(开始吧！)和空后一句“If your study timetable looks too difficult, set a smaller goal.”(如果你的学习时间表看起来很难，那就设定一个更小的目标。)，可以推断C选项“Sometimes that can be the hardest part.”(有时这可能是最难的部分)中“that”指代“Just get started！”(开始吧！)；“too difficult”(太难)和“the hardest”(最难的)相呼应。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
I am taught by many teachers in my school.Every subject has a 1.________ (differ)teacher，but I like my math teacher 2.________ (well)．Her name is Lakshmi，but we usually call her Ma'am.She is our class teacher，too.
Ma'am 3.________(join) us last term.She is very kind and her method of teaching is so 4.________(interest)and simple that we all can understand what is being taught.Most 5.________(important)，Ma'am teaches us with great patience.6.________ we do not understand a problem，she will spend extra time 7.________(explain)about it until we understand it.And we can go to her at any time during school hours for help.
She also helps us with activities at school. When there is some kind of program，she will be there to help us to get ready 8.________ the show. Even when we go on a picnic，she takes good care of 9.________(we)．
To me，Ma'am is not only 10.________ good teacher，but also our best friend. I love Ma'am and I wish her a happy life.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者的数学老师Ma'am。她不仅教书好而且非常关心学生，是我们的良师益友。
1．different　考查词性转换。形容词different修饰名词teacher，故填different。
2．best　考查副词最高级。此处表示最高级意义，最喜欢数学老师，故填best。
3．joined　考查时态。根据时间状语“last term”可知，该句应为一般过去时，故填joined。
4．interesting　考查形容词。因为该句的主语为“her method of teaching”，所以填interesting。
5．importantly　考查副词。副词位于句首，作状语，故填importantly。
6．When/If/Whenever　考查连词。句意：当/如果/无论何时我们不理解一个问题时，她会花额外的时间解释它，直到我们理解它。可用When/If/Whenever来引导该状语从句。
7．explaining　考查非谓语动词。spend time(in)doing sth.意为“花时间做某事”，故填explaining。
8．for　考查介词。短语get ready for意为“为……做准备”，故填for。
9．us　考查代词。此处takes good care of后缺少宾语，故用代词宾格us。
10．a　考查冠词。teacher为可数名词，根据句意，用不定冠词a/an修饰；good发音以辅音音素开头，所以用a修饰。
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