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第8讲 Unit 4 写作
(
知识梳理
)
【话题概述】
本单元的主题是“自然生态”,要求学生能够运用相关词汇，改写一篇关于蓝鲸的文章，考试中可能会要求介绍一种自己感兴趣的植物或动物。与此相关的主要写作维度有：①介绍所选植物或动物的名称及生长环境；②阐述选择介绍该植物或动物的原因；③列举关于该植物或动物的有意思的事实信息。
在中考书面表达中，与该主题相关的命题形式较为多样，通常以说明文或议论文的形式出现。
【写作任务】
假如你是一条蓝鲸，请用第一人称简单对自己的体重、饮食和习性等进行介绍。
内容包括： 1.体重约 200 吨 2.喜欢吃海洋里的小动物 3.是世界上最大、最重的动物
要求： 1.词数不少于 80； 2.文中至少使用一处最高级。
【审题指导】
体裁:
人称:
时态:
【谋篇布局】理清文章要素，构建文章结构。（三段）
第一段：打招呼+介绍自己，交代自己的世界之最
第二段：介绍体重，饮食，和居住环境（5句左右）
第三段：表达自己的愿望 (2句话左右）
【遣词造句】
第一段：打招呼并介绍自己，交代自己的世界之最
大家好，我是蓝鲸，我是世界上最大最重的动物。
第二段：介绍体重，饮食，爱好和居住环境（5句左右）
我体重很重，重量可以达到200吨左右 (as......as)
人门说我是最可爱的动物之一
3）我喜欢游泳，人们喜欢看我游泳。
4）他们认为这是世界上最有美妙的事物之一。
5）我生活在除北冰洋之外的所有海洋中。
6）我最喜欢的事物是海里的小动物
7）我每天吃许多这些小动物
第三段：表达愿望
1）你喜欢我吗？
2）你能和我交朋友吗？
范文1：
A Blue Whale
Hello, everyone! My name is Belly, a blue whale. I am the largest and heaviest animal on earth.
I am heavy and I can weigh as much as about 200 tons, but I love to swim for people to watch. They think it is one of the most beautiful things for them. I live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. My favourite food is some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. I can eat around four tons of these animals a day.
Besides, I have a long life and I can live up to 90 years.
Do you love me, a lovely blue whale Come to me!
写作实例
动物是人类的朋友,也是人类的助手.请结合下面的问题,用英文写一篇名为“An Amazing Animal”的小短文。
What is its name (2)Where does it live (3)Why did you choose it
What are some interesting facts about it
要求：1.包含以上所有信息，可适当发挥； 2.不少于80词。
An Amazing Animal
【审题指导】
体裁：说明文
时态：以 为主
3.人称：以 为主
4.必备词句：
①the largest living land animal on Earth 地球上最大的陆地动物
②not only...but also..不仅……而且 …… ③have a strong family bond有很强的家庭纽带
④be known for...以 … … 而闻名
⑤Elephants can live up to 70 years,which is longer than many other animals' life.
大象可以活到7 0岁，它的寿命比许多其他动物的寿命都长。
范文
An Amazing Animal
Among all the animals in the world,the elephant is truly amazing.It is the largest living land animal on Earth.
Elephants mainly live in Africa and Asia, where they live in forests.I chose the elephant because it is not only intelligent but also gentle and social.They have a strong family bond and are known for their incredible memory.Elephants are fascinating creatures.They use their trunks for many things, like picking up objects and drinking water. Their large ears help them stay cool by being flapped to create a breeze. Elephants can live up to 70 years,which is longer than many other animals' life.They are also known for their ability to use tools and solve problems.
We should protect elephants because they play an important role in the ecosystem.
范文2：
The Amazing Dolphin
Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. They have long, slim bodies and can swim up to 60 km/h, What makes them amazing is their ability to communicate with each other through sounds and clicks, Dolphins live in groups and help each other find food, They also protect each other from danger, In many cultures, dolphins are seen as symbols of friendship and intelligence. However, some dolphins are in danger due to water pollution, We should take action to protect their home-the ocean.
Let's work together to keep the sea clean so that these amazing animals can thrive.
(
随堂
小测
) Unit 4 成绩：
I.完形填空
Last Saturday, I went to the beach with my family. We had a good time there. I 1. _______ a starfish (海星) on the beach. It was white and very beautiful. After getting home the next day, I wanted to 2. _________ about starfish. So I began to read the 3. __________ about starfish on the Internet.
Of course, starfish aren't really 4. __________. They just look like stars. They 5. _______ in the sea, but they aren't fish. There are about 1,900 different kinds of starfish living in the sea all over the world. Starfish don't live in fresh water. Hundreds of starfish are of different 6. ________. The most common starfish are red, orange or yellow.
Starfish can 7. _______ themselves when they are young. Young starfish can't swim. They 8. ____ to find their food. Starfish know what to eat and where by using their arms and tube feet (管足). A starfish has no head. A 9. ________ starfish has five arms. You can see most of them have five arms on the beach. But not all starfish have five arms. Some have many more. If an arm falls off, it grows back.
Because of all these things, the starfish is my favourite animal now. I 10. _________ it's interesting and fun. I like it best.
A. found B. taught C. hurt D. advised
2. A. compare B. follow C. learn D. hide
3. A. number B. information C. grammar D. vocabulary
4. A. sides B. stars C. risks D. letters
5. A. leave B. develop C. wish D. live
6. A. colours B. miles C. symbols D. prices
7. A. look after B. look at C. look up D. look for
8. A. imagine B. move C. cover D. produce
9. A. polite B. special C. common D. cheap
10. A. forget B. score C. climb D. think
Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Peter is the (fast)runner in his class.
2.The elephant is one of the (cute) animals in the world.
3.In my hometown, Shuangpai,Yangming Mountain is the (beautiful).
4.Chongqing is the (amazing)city that I have ever known.
5.The (high)mountain in the world is Mount Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰).
6.Who is the (good)basketball player in your class
7.The zebra is an (Africa)animal and eats leaves as well as grass.
8.In spring,we can see bees and (butterfly)flying in the school garden.
9.I like to share my (happy)with my good friends and my parents.
10.Please (weight)yourself to see if you are overweight.
11.Which is the (small),the sun,the earth or the moon
12.Fresh air,clean water and green grass are of great (important)to animals.
III.连词成句
l. believe, most, bees, animals, many, are, the, important, scientists, that (.)
connected, people, and, closely, nature, are(.)
important, ecosystem, bees, an, part, play, in, the (.)
thing, interesting, how, another, is, they, communicate (.)
IV.看图写话
tiny 2. create, ecosystem 3. weigh, 180 kg 4. 60 kg, leaves
1.
2.
3.
4.
V.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1.事实上，这是我给你们所有人上的第一堂课。
,this is my first lesson for all of you.
2 .为了知道他为什么经常迟到，史密斯老师拜访了他的父母。
know why he was often late,Mr Smith visited his parents.
3.猴子可以活到 20 多岁。
Monkeys can .
4.真正的幸福来源于与家人共度的美好时光。
comes from lovely moments spent with family.
5.蓝鲸在生态系统中扮演着重要角色。
Whales in the ecosystem.
6.北冰洋位于地球的最北端。
is in the northernmost part of the earth.
7.这是一个生机勃勃的公园。
Park.
8.我们正在尝试不同的方法应对气候变化带来的影响。
We are trying different methods to deal with the impacts of .
VI.短文填词
（一）
In the sea there are many islands. In its warm waters there are some little ones. We call them coral islands.1. ________ coral island looks very nice. It looks 2. ________ a ring of land with trees, grass, and flowers on it. One part 3. ________ the ring is open to the water.
If you look into this lake, you will see beautiful coral. You may think they are flowers. If you look at a piece of coral, you will see many little holes in it. A very small sea animal 4. ________ (live) in each of these holes. These sea animals make the coral.
They began to build under the water. Year after year, the coral grew 5. ________ (high) and higher. At last it grew out of the water. Then the sea brought it to small trees and 6. ________ (anything) else. After some years, these things 7. ________ (change) into earth. Sometimes the wind brought seeds (种子)to this earth. Sometimes birds flew over it and brought seeds to the island. The little seeds grew. In a few years there were 8. ________ (plant) all over the island. In a few more years there were trees 9. ________ (grow) there.
So you see these islands were built little by little. The workers were very small. Don’t they teach 10. ________ (we) a lesson Can you think what the lesson is
（二）
Do you know elephants They are one of the 1. (big) animals in the world. An elephant has got a long 2. big nose. It is called a trunk. The elephant can use its trunk 3. (do) many things. Its trunk is like a hand. With its trunk, an elephant can pick 4. a big tree. Elephants also have big ears and ivory.
Some elephants can work for people. In India, elephants live with people and they help people 5. (carry) heavy things. People are 6. (friend) to them.
Elephants have 7. (feel) like people. If an elephant dies, 8. (it) family members will feel sad. Some people go into 9. (elephant) houses. If the elephants don’t like them, they will drive them out of their houses.
Animals are our friends. But elephants are 10. danger. We should try our best to help
VII.五选五
The lion is the second largest living cat in the world. 1. ________ Most lions live in the eastern and southern Africa. Lions can live for about 10 to 17 years in the wild.
Lions spend much of their time looking for food. They are not active for about 20 hours every day. They spend about two hours a day walking. 2. __________
Lions eat meat. They are strong animals. They can catch and kill small animals easily. They can also kill other predators (捕食性动物). 3. __________
Male lions and female lions do different jobs. Female lions look for food for their families. They usually look for food because they are smaller, faster and more agile (敏捷的) than male lions. 4. ________ They stay at home and wait for the female lions to return.
Lions have the loudest roar (吼叫声) of all the big cats. In fact, a roar can be heard about 5 miles away.
5. __________ A roar is an important way to communicate with each other. Each lion has its own roar. Not all roars are the same, but they are all an important part in a lion’s social life.
(
A. They also spend about 50 minutes eating.
B. For example, they can kill wild dogs easily.
C. They often roar at night or in the early morning.
D. The largest one is the Siberian tiger.
E. The male lions usually stay and watch their young babies.
)
VIII.阅读理解
(一)
Siberian tigers mainly live in eastern Russia, northeast China, and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. At the beginning of the 20th century, Siberian tigers were widely found in northeast China. However, the tigers disappeared in the area because of different reasons in the 1970s. They are on China’s first-class protection list.
“In order to protect Siberian tigers, China has been taking action. In Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces, a high-tech system has been used to provide real-time (实时的) protection for the plants and animals. The system has taken more than 4,000 pictures of Siberian tigers and Amur leopards,” according to Hou Ling, the director of the park’s office. Besides, some people would like to join the teams of protecting wild tigers. Dong Hongyu, a 55-year-old man from Heilongjiang Province, has been working for protecting Siberian tigers for 22 years. Although it was difficult sometimes, this protector never thought about giving up.
Luckily, all these efforts have paid off. Now there are more than sixty Siberian tigers in our country. More importantly, the survival rate (存活率) of young Siberian tigers has increased from 33 percent in 2016 to 50 percent now.
Not only Siberian tigers but also many other kinds of endangered animals have been protected. Over the past few years, China has made great achievements in wildlife protection. One of the most successful examples is the giant panda. The population of the wild giant pandas has grown from 1,114 in the 1970s to 1,864 now.
China will continue its protection for wildlife. In the next five years, China will build more protection areas for the wildlife and improve their living places. Special scientific research will also be done on endangered animals, including the giant pandas and Siberian tigers.
1.How does the National Park protect tigers
A.By creating a high-tech system. B.By offering real-time protection.
C.By inviting protectors to work in the park. D.By building comfortable living places for tigers.
2.What did Dong Hongyu think of protecting Siberian tigers
A.Exciting and necessary. B.Tiring but interesting.
C.Difficult but important. D.Dangerous and terrible.
3.What does the underlined word “increased” mean in Chinese
A.饲养　　　 B.猎捕 C.减少　　　 D.增加
4.Why does the writer talk about the number of giant pandas
A.To tell readers they are out of danger.
B.To let readers care more about giant pandas.
C.To show China’s success in protecting wildlife.
D.To make people know it’s hard to protect wildlife.
5.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A.China’s future protection plan. B.What we can do to protect wildlife.
C.Different endangered wild animals. D.How wildlife has become endangered.
(二)
After a 10-year project to count tuna(金枪鱼) and other large fish in the world's oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone.Because of too much fishing,almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared.If we don't act,these animals will totally disappear.That will do harm to every animal in the ocean.
The need for fish is growing.Almost a billion people around the world get their protein(蛋白质)mostly from fish.Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat.But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster(灾难)to our oceans."People are using too much,"says Lance Morgan,a scientist at Marine Conservation Institute.
A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal's life.When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem(生态系统),the ocean's food chain(链) breaks down.Animals such as sharks,which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food.
The news may be scary,but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet.World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much.The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment.
“If you care about wildlife,first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,”says Morgan.“Then decide what you're going to eat.”
1.Why are large fish almost gone
2.What are the reasons that people like eating fish
3. What might happen to sharks if tuna disappear
4. What can we do to protect the ocean ecosystem Write 30 words or more.

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