资源简介

必修　第二册
Unit 1　Food for thought
题组训练(限时35分钟　总分35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Tea has delighted and fascinated the world for thousands of years.China first started exporting tea during the Ming Dynasty,and the drink has since come to lead humanity’s drinking habits far beyond Asia.It is the most widely consumed drink on Earth today,aside from water and coffee.China’s traditional tea-making was added to the Intangible Cultural Heritage List of UNESCO in 2022.
The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist of knowledge,skills and practices concerning the management of tea plantations,picking tea leaves,manual processing,drinking and sharing of tea.Since ancient times,Chinese people have been planting,picking,making and drinking tea.Tea producers have developed six categories of tea:green,yellow,dark,white,oolong and black teas.Together with reprocessed teas,there are over 2,000 tea products in China.
Tea-related customs are not only found across the country,but also influence the rest of the world through the ancient Silk Road and trade routes.Tea is everywhere—in families,
workplaces,tea houses and restaurants.The practice of greeting guests and building relationships within families and among neighbours through tea-related activities is common.
In China,more than 40 registered national-level intangible cultural heritage entries are related to tea.There are over a hundred vocational colleges and universities that have set up majors in tea science or tea culture,resulting in several thousand graduates specialising in tea production and art every year.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的茶文化的相关内容。
(　　)1.When did China begin to export tea
A.In 2022.
B.Thousands of years ago.
C.During the Ming Dynasty.
D.In 1644.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,中国是在明朝时期开始出口茶的。
故选C。
(　　)2.What can be learnt from Paragraph 2
A.Tea is quite popular with people all over the country.
B.More than 2,000 tea products can be found in China.
C.Chinese producers have developed seven categories of tea.
D.Picking tea leaves is the most important tea processing technique.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,中国有2 000多种茶产品。故选B。
(　　)3.How does the author promote Chinese tea culture in the last paragraph
A.By listing figures.
B.By making definitions.
C.By giving examples.
D.By making comparisons.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“more than 40”“over a hundred”“several thousand”可知,本段通过列数字的方式来弘扬中国的茶文化。故选A。
(　　)4.Where does this text probably come from
A.A science report.
B.A travel journal.
C.A storybook.
D.A cultural magazine.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。结合全文可知,本文主要介绍了中国的茶文化的相关内容,由此可知,本文可能出自一本文化杂志。故选D。
B
With the arrival of the summer heat,the wave of culture-themed ice creams is sweeping across social media platforms in China.
Museums,scenic spots,amusement parks and even universities have once again rolled out their unique culture-themed ice creams these years.These ice creams are often tiny copies of famous landmarks or cultural relics (文物) that offer visitors a delight for the taste buds (味蕾).
The trend of culture-themed ice creams began in 2019 when the Old Summer Palace in Beijing was one of the first scenic spots in China to introduce lotus-shaped ice creams.It was inspired by that in 2017 eleven ancient lotus seeds were discovered in a pool at the Old Summer Palace.Six of these ancient lotus seeds bloomed in the summer of 2019.So to mark the occasion,the staff at the Old Summer Palace designed ice creams shaped like lotus flowers.These ice creams were widely loved by visitors,not only serving as a cold treat but also offering a unique way for visitors to connect with their cultural heritage.
To protect their cultural relics,many museums have put up signs banning photography or the use of a flash.However,culture-themed ice creams provide an alternative way for visitors to catch memories of their visit.Various flavours offer visitors a choice of colours and ingredients for the ice cream,which reflects the local characteristics and charm of these cold treats.It is also suggested by the museums that the visitors can take the carved ice cream bars home with them to use as bookmarks.
For many young people,taking photos of themselves standing alongside cultural landmarks is an artistic preference from their parents’ generation.To them,a selfie with a culture-themed ice cream is a much cooler way to show their travel experiences and bridge the gap between the modern life and distant historical relics.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了文化主题冰淇淋在中国社交媒体平台上的流行现象,以及这些冰淇淋如何成为连接现代生活与文化遗产的桥梁,同时它们让人们在品尝美味的同时可以体验不同的文化。
(　　)5.What can we learn about culture-themed ice creams from the first two paragraphs
A.Visitors are eager to try their taste.
B.They are made due to the summer heat.
C.Visitors spend much money on them.
D.They are often shaped like landmarks.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段叙述可知,这些冰淇淋通常是著名地标或文物的微型复制品。因此,我们可以从前两段中了解到,文化主题冰淇淋通常是地标形状的。故选D。
(　　)6.What inspired the idea of culture-themed ice creams
A.The Old Summer Palace.
B.The wide love by visitors.
C.The discovery of ancient lotus seeds.
D.The imagination of the staff at the Old Summer Palace.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容,尤其是其中的“It was inspired by that...shaped like lotus flowers.”可知,古代莲子的发现启发了文化主题冰淇淋的创意。故选C。
(　　)7.What does the underlined word “bridge” in the last paragraph probably mean
A.Measure. B.Narrow.
C.Create. D.Affect.
【答案】 B
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知,许多年轻人认为,用文化主题冰淇淋自拍是一种更酷的来展示他们的旅行经历的方式。这种方式可以缩小现代生活与遥远历史遗迹之间的鸿沟。由语境和常识可推知,这里的bridge指的是缩小两者之间的差距。故选B。
(　　)8.What is the main idea of this passage
A.A creative way to protect cultural heritage.
B.Ancient lotus seeds flowered in modern times.
C.A cool way to show your travel experiences.
D.Experiencing colourful cultures with your taste buds.
【答案】 A
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章倒数第二段可知,文章主要讲述了各种文化主题的冰淇淋在中国社交媒体平台上流行的现象,并且这些冰淇淋往往是著名地标或文物的微型复制品,它们让游客在品尝美味的同时也能感受到不同的文化,从而创造性地保护文化遗产,A项符合文章主旨。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
Orange chicken,salt and pepper chips,fried rice...Burns lists several typical Western-style Chinese dishes that disappoint him.For Burns who　1　 his childhood in China,those cuisines are far from genuine.They are invented to 　2　 Western preferences.
Actually,many Westerners regard that　3　 type of dishes as the whole of Chinese cuisine.The average Westerners are not as 　4　 and educated as they could be.That is why Burns 　5　 trying to show Chinese food by vlogging about making Chinese dishes at home.
The food adventure has　6　 Burns grow into a person with over three million subscribers worldwide today and helped shift some people’s ideas about Chinese food.His friends told him they were shocked by the 　7　 of Chinese cuisine and it took them a long time to figure out different categories of Chinese cuisine.
　8　,when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 after returning to England,cooking Chinese food at home was a “stupid idea”,because he was never 　9　 of cooking.At the time,most of his 　10　 centred more on explaining aspects of Chinese culture.However,later,when Burns couldn’t 　11　 outside,he had to learn to cook.The moment he tried to learn Chinese cooking,he 　12　 fell in love with it.“The more I learnt about Chinese cooking,the 　13　 I got into it,” he recalls.
The cooking journey also serves to　14　 his connection with China,even though he has left China for years.Burns appreciates the experiences of living in China,　15　 him to teach about Chinese cuisine and build a cross-cultural bridge between the East and the West.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Burns通过分享自己制作中式菜肴的视频博客,不仅拥有了广大订阅者,同时他也帮助改变了部分人对于中国菜的刻板印象,更加深了他自己与中国文化的联系。
(　　)1.A.attracted B.spent
C.gathered D.retired
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文的“his childhood in China”和“Burns appreciates the experiences of living in China”可知,此处指Burns在中国度过了(spent)童年时光。故选B。
(　　)2.A.cure B.hire
C.satisfy D.bite
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文的“Western preferences”可知,这里指这些西式中餐是为了满足(satisfy)西方人的爱好而创造的。故选C。
(　　)3.A.tough B.legal
C.capable D.particular
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文的“Orange chicken,salt and pepper...are far from genuine.”可知,这里指的是上文提到的西式中餐,是一种特别(particular)类型的中餐。故选D。
(　　)4.A.motivated B.weighed
C.informed D.recognised
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文的“and educated as they could be”可知,此处指西方人对中国菜的了解不够见多识广(informed)。故选C。
(　　)5.A.starts B.orders
C.serves D.ranks
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文的“trying to show Chinese food by vlogging about making Chinese dishes at home”可知,这里指Burns开始(starts)制作视频来展示中国菜。故选A。
(　　)6.A.helped B.considered
C.employed D.organised
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文的“Burns grow into...ideas about Chinese food”可知,这里强调这段经历对Burns的帮助。故选A。
(　　)7.A.origin B.moral
C.custom D.diversity
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文的“of Chinese cuisine and it took...categories of Chinese cuisine”可知,这里指中国菜种类繁多(diversity),令人惊讶。故选D。
(　　)8.A.Professionally B.Interestingly
C.Completely D.Suddenly
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文的“when Burns first started...he was never 　9　 of cooking”可知,他从来不喜欢烹饪,但是有趣的是(Interestingly),Burns在2016年回到英格兰后第一次开始录制视频博客。故选B。
(　　)9.A.critical B.equal
C.fond D.previous
【答案】 C
【解析】 结合句意和上文的“when Burns first started...‘stupid idea’”可知,这里指Burns起初并不喜欢(fond)烹饪。故选C。
(　　)10.A.videos B.tests
C.courses D.surveys
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文的“Burns first started vlogging in 2016 after returning to England”可知,Burns在2016年回到英格兰后第一次开始录制视频博客,这里指Burns最初制作的视频(videos)。故选A。
(　　)11.A.work B.exercise
C.film D.dine
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文的“outside,he had to learn to cook”可知,这里指由于某些原因无法外出吃饭(dine)。故选D。
(　　)12.A.immediately B.independently
C.recently D.regularly
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文的“The moment he tried to learn Chinese cooking”和下文的“fell in love with it”可知,这里强调他对中餐烹饪的喜爱立刻(immediately)产生。故选A。
(　　)13.A.most B.more
C.less D.least
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文的“The more I learnt about Chinese cooking”可知,此处用“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”结构,表示“越……越……”,因此用more,侧面突出他对中国烹饪的喜爱。故选B。
(　　)14.A.launch B.argue
C.differ D.maintain
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文的“his connection with China,even though he has left China for years”可知,这里指烹饪让他与中国保持(maintain)联系。故选D。
(　　)15.A.imagining B.seeking
C.enabling D.describing
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文的“him to teach about Chinese cuisine...the West”可知,这里指在中国的生活经历使他能够(enabling)教授中式菜肴,并在东西方之间架起一座跨文化的桥梁。故选C。Unit 2　Let’s celebrate!
以读促写(限时40分钟　总分59.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共17.5分)
A
People usually celebrate their traditional festivals.The Spring Festival,regarded as the most important festival,is celebrated not only in China but also in other parts of the world.The traditional holiday is the most important to Chinese both at home and abroad.
The United Kingdom
Celebrations for the Spring Festival in the UK started in 1980.Every New Year,people get together and have a lot of activities.They sing songs,dance to music,share photos with friends or enjoy films in a cinema.
The United States
The Spring Festival is an important time for Chinese living or working in the US.They join in a large evening party to welcome the traditional New Year.It is a good chance for people to feel that they are not alone because they share the same culture.
Australia
On Chinese New Year,many people across Australia come to Sydney’s Chinatown.They enjoy fireworks,lion dances,dragon boat races and many other traditional activities.The celebrations are also a bridge towards better understanding between Chinese and non-Chinese.
Singapore
The family dinner on New Year’s Eve is an important tradition for Chinese.They put traditional food on a table as an act of remembering their past.Then the whole family enjoys their dinner together.They usually have it at home because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家的华人庆祝春节的活动。
(　　)1.When did the celebrations for the Spring Festival in the UK start
A.In 1890. B.In 1980.
C.In 2000. D.In 2002.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,英国的春节庆祝活动始于1980年。故选B。
(　　)2.In Singapore,why do the Chinese families want to have the New Year dinner at home rather than at a restaurant
A.Because they were born in Singapore.
B.Because they moved there from other places.
C.Because the restaurant is far away.
D.Because they want to keep the Chinese tradition.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,他们通常在家里吃饭,因为在餐馆里吃会失去传统的含义。故选D。
(　　)3.What can we learn after reading the passage above
A.Chinese around the world have a strong feeling towards the Spring Festival.
B.The Chinese New Year is celebrated only in China.
C.Only four foreign countries celebrate the Chinese Spring Festival.
D.All parts of the world celebrate the Spring Festival.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文并结合第一段中的“The Spring Festival...is celebrated...at home and abroad.”可知,世界每个地方的中国人都对春节有着同样强烈的感情。故选A。
B
On the traditional Chinese calendar,Qingming,meaning clear and bright,falls around 5 April.Across China the arrival of Qingming is accompanied by rising temperatures and frequent rain.Like other solar terms,Qingming is to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities.Besides,it is also a time for people to enjoy spring and get closer to nature as trees turn ever greener and flowers bloom.
Besides being one of the Twenty-four Solar Terms,Qingming is also known as Tomb Sweeping Day,when people honour their ancestors and deal with the feelings of losing loved ones.Qingming is the only Chinese public holiday that is also one of the Twenty-four Solar Terms.
Though the solar term Qingming was first recorded in the Western Han Dynasty,it was not until the Tang Dynasty that it was declared a national holiday to honour ancestors.People celebrate the festival with customs from another traditional Chinese festival,Hanshi,meaning “cold meal”,which falls two days before Tomb Sweeping Day.
On that day,families get together and visit their ancestors’ tombs.They have the tombs cleaned,replace withered flowers with fresh ones and place snacks,fruits and drinks to the ancestors.Special food is served on Tomb Sweeping Day.Qingtuan with sweet fillings is one of the most popular foods.Boiled eggs are also associated with Qingming,with some areas following the tradition of egg painting.
“Qingming shows the traditional Chinese value of honouring the dead,” says Zhang,a leader of the China Folklore Society.“We miss the dead family members.We show our respect to them,honour them and will always remember them.Though the celebrations of the particular festival have gone through many changes,the spirit of the festival never changes.”
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国的传统节日——清明节,包括它的日期、气候特点、与农业的关系、节日习俗以及文化意义。
(　　)4.Who usually benefits from the solar terms according to the passage
A.The farmer. B.The scientist.
C.The teacher. D.The fisher.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Like other solar...farming activities.”可知,节气通常是为了指导农业生产,农民会从中受益。故选A。
(　　)5.Why does Qingming differ from other solar terms
A.Because it has the longest history.
B.Because it is the only solar term regarded as a public holiday.
C.Because it is the only solar term for people to get close to nature.
D.Because it was the first solar term recorded in the Western Han Dynasty.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,清明与其他节气的不同之处在于它是唯一一个被视为公共假日的节气。故选B。
(　　)6.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A.The reasons for celebrating Qingming.
B.The activities during Qingming.
C.The special foods served on Qingming.
D.The celebrations on Qingming.
【答案】 D
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知,本段主要讲述了在清明节这一天,人们会相聚在一起来到祖先的坟墓,清理坟墓、换上鲜花、摆放零食、水果和饮料等,还提到了清明节的特色食物,如青团和煮鸡蛋等。所以本段主要是关于清明节的庆祝活动。故选D。
(　　)7.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Qingming plays an important role in Chinese culture.
B.The way of celebrating Qingming is the same as before.
C.The spirit of Qingming has experienced some changes.
D.Zhang suggests everyone should celebrate Qingming every year.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的整体内容,尤其是提到清明的庆祝方式发生了一些变化,但是节日的精神却从不改变可知,清明在中国文化中具有重要地位。故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
By observing the sky,the ancient Chinese divided the sun’s annual motion 1.　　　　 24 equal sectors,with each 2.　　　　 (be) the basis for one solar term.The 24 Solar Terms (节气) start from the Beginning of Spring and end with the Severe Cold.
　　As early as the Shang Dynasty,our ancestors set the first four major solar terms,3.　　　　 marked the four seasons.Later they evolved into eight.It was not until the Western Han Dynasty 4.　　　　 the present 24 Solar Terms were 5.　　　　 (complete) established and officially adopted by the government.
　　The 6.　　　　 (long) of the 24 Solar Terms is based on the movement of the sun,and 7.　　　　 (they) names are chosen according to the changes in temperature,climate and other aspects of human life.They remain serving as an instruction for farmers,8.　　　　 (guide) their agricultural practices during certain periods of the mon people follow the calendar to watch for weather changes and live 9.　　　　 healthy life.
　　Each lunar month contains two solar terms,and each solar term has some to-do customs.In 2016,the Twenty-four Solar Terms 10.　　　　 (include) on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国农历24节气的由来和作用。
1.【答案】 into
【解析】 考查介词。 短语 divide...into...意为“把……分成……”,是固定搭配。故填into。
2.【答案】 being
【解析】 考查现在分词。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构;宾语each和be之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填being。
3.【答案】 which
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,空处修饰先行词the first four major solar terms,指物,在从句中作主语。故填which。
4.【答案】 that
【解析】 考查强调句。此处是not...until...的强调句型“It was not until...that...”,强调时间状语until the Western Han Dynasty。故填that。
5.【答案】 completely
【解析】 考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词were established,应用副词形式。故填completely。
6.【答案】 length
【解析】 考查名词。分析句子结构可知,所填词在句中作主语,因此用名词,long是形容词,其名词形式为length。故填length。
7.【答案】 their
【解析】 考查形容词性物主代词。根据句意可知,names是名词,前面应该用形容词性的物主代词。故填their。
8.【答案】 guiding
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句子中作状语;句子主语they和guide之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词作状语。故填guiding。
9.【答案】 a
【解析】 考查冠词。短语live a(n)...life意为“过着……的生活”,是固定搭配,healthy以辅音音素开头。故填a。
10.【答案】 were included
【解析】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。 根据时间状语In 2016可知,应用一般过去时,主语the Twenty-four Solar Terms 是复数,be动词用were。主语和 include之间为逻辑上的被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were included。
1.(be) regarded as... 被视为……
2.get together 聚在一起
3.It is a good chance for people to do sth 这是人们做某事的好机会
4.as an act of remembering their past作为一种怀念他们的过去的行为
5.enjoy their dinner together 一起共享他们的晚餐
6.take away the meaning of the tradition失去传统的意义
7.show our respect to表示我们对……的尊重
1.eat out 出去吃
2.have nothing to do with loss of traditions 与传统丢失没有任何关系
3.the family members sitting around the table together 家人一起围坐在餐桌旁
4.value our memories of... 珍视我们……的回忆
5.the process is even more important than the dinner itself 这个过程甚至比晚餐本身更重要
1.(3分)春节被视为最重要的节日,它有深厚的文化意义并使全国各地的家人聚在一起。(过去分词短语作定语)
The Spring Festival,regarded as the most important festival,holds a deep cultural significance and makes families from all over the country get together.
2.(3分)在餐馆吃年夜饭会失去传统的意义。(非谓语动词短语作主语)
Having the Spring Festival’s Eve dinner in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition.
3.(3分)尽管这个特殊节日的庆祝活动经历了许多变化,但节日的精神从未改变。(让步状语从句)
Though the celebrations of the particular festival have gone through many changes,the spirit of the festival never changes.
4.(3分)我们珍视一起包粽子的回忆,这给我们一种幸福感。(非限制性定语从句)
We value our memories of wrapping zongzi together,which gives us a sense of happiness.
　　(15分)假设你是李华,正在一所高中学习。你所在的学校邀请你为校报写一篇关于春节的主题短文。内容包括:
1.春节的时间;
2.春节的习俗;
3.春节的意义。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
　　One possible version:
The Spring Festival,which generally takes place between late January and mid-February,falls on the first day of the first month according to the lunar calendar.
The Spring Festival,regarded as the most important festival,holds a deep cultural significance and makes families from all over the country get together.Usually,families gather together for a dinner at home on New Year’s Eve,thinking that having the Spring Festival’s Eve dinner in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition.Besides,people exchange red envelopes filled with money.Though the celebrations of the particular festival have gone through many changes,the spirit of the festival never changes.
Bearing the ideas of peace and harmony and carrying the values of humanity,the Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.
点津:为非限制性定语从句;
为过去分词短语作定语;
为现在分词短语作状语;
为v.-ing形式短语作主语;
为让步状语从句;
为现在分词短语作状语。Unit 6　Earth first
题组训练(限时35分钟　总分30分)
阅读理解(每题2.5分,共30分)
A
In the scenic coastal city of Cornwall,Lizzi Larbalestier has become a beacon of hope for marine (海洋的) wildlife.As a committed volunteer for British Divers Marine Life Rescue (BDMLR),her journey began with transforming her online platform that allows people to rent out their homes or accommodations to travellers into a temporary shelter for injured seals.This effort came as the result of the increasing incidents of marine animals suffering from human-related injuries and the lack of specialised care facilities in the region.
Recognising the urgent need for a more permanent solution,Lizzi,alongside her husband and a team of committed volunteers,established a fully equipped seal hospital.This facility has expanded its capacity and is prepared to recover around 100 seals annually.The hospital caters to a variety of cases: seals injured by boats or caught in fishing gear (用具),young pups separated from their mothers,and young seals weakened by poor nutrition.Each animal receives personalised care,ranging from basic first aid to extensive recovery programmes.After initial treatment,seals are often moved to larger recovery centres for further care before their release back into the wild.
Lizzi’s commitment to marine conservation extends beyond seal rescue.She is an active participant in environmental campaigns.Her tireless efforts were recognised when she received the Animal Action Award from the International Fund for Animal Welfare.Lizzi owes the success of BDMLR’s operations to the collective effort of all volunteers,emphasising the importance of teamwork in achieving their conservation goals.
The BDMLR team also reacts to emergencies involving other marine wildlife,like whales and dolphins.Lizzi recalls several successful operations,including the rescue of stranded (搁浅的) dolphins and a turtle that required specialised care.
Lizzi’s story is not just about rescuing marine animals.It’s a proof of the power of community involvement and the impact of individuals on environmental conservation.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章通过描述Lizzi Larbalestier在Cornwall为海洋野生动物保护所做的努力,强调了个人和团队在环境保护中的重要作用。
(　　)1.What inspired Lizzi to protect the marine wildlife
A.One of her trips to the seaside.
B.More and more injured marine animals.
C.Her love for the marine creatures.
D.Increasing profits from her online platform.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,越来越多的海洋动物因为人类相关的活动受伤且缺乏专业的照料设施,这促使Lizzi想要保护海洋动物。故选B。
(　　)2.What do we know about the seal hospital from Paragraph 2
A.It has been in operation for five years.
B.It provides a separate space for each seal.
C.It offers temporary help to injured animals.
D.It is the largest recovery centre in the area.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及上文可知,海豹医院为受伤的动物提供暂时帮助,海豹通常会被转移到更大的康复中心。故选C。
(　　)3.What message does BDMLR’s success convey according to Lizzi
A.All roads lead to Rome.
B.Actions speak louder than words.
C.Time and tide wait for no man.
D.Many hands make light work.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知,根据Lizzi的说法,BDMLR的成功说明了合作的重要性,即众人拾柴火焰高。故选D。
(　　)4.What is the text mainly about
A.A practical solution to seal rescue.
B.Challenges of marine wildlife recovery.
C.The impact of human activities on marine ecosystems.
D.The journey of a marine life rescuer in Cornwall.
【答案】 D
【解析】 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一、二句并结合下文可知,文章主要讲述了Lizzi Larbalestier在Cornwall为海洋野生动物保护所做的努力,因此D项最能概括本文大意。故选D。
B
In recent years,campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food.This reduces “food miles”,that is,the distance food travels from the producer to the shop owner.They reason that the higher the food miles,the more carbon emissions.
However,the real story is not as simple as that.In fact,imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown goods.Take apples,for example.The local apples the British buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months,and this uses a lot of energy.In spring,therefore,it is more energy-saving to import them from New Zealand,where they are in season.Heating also uses a lot of energy,which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain,where the crop grows well in the local climate.
We must also take into account the type of transport.Transporting food by air creates more emissions.However,only a few goods are flown to the consumer country,and these are usually high-value,short-lived items which we cannot produce locally.Even then,these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food.For example,beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using natural fertilisers,unlike in Britain,where we use oil-based fertilisers and machinery.
Also,a product’s journey does not end at the supermarket.Driving a long way to shop for food will neutralise (使无效) any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce.Furthermore,choosing local over imported food can also badly affect people in developing countries.If they are unable to sell produce overseas,they will have less income.
Some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles by labeling foods to show they have been imported by air.But the message this gives is too simple.Lots of different factors contribute to a food’s carbon footprint.And,even if we only buy local food which is currently in season,there are ethical (伦理的) problems.What’s more,our diets would be more limited.
[语篇导读] 本文是议论文。文章主要对“鼓励就近购买当地食品”这一主张进行了驳论,即购买当地食品并不一定是环保的,作者从当地食品需要消耗能量储存,食品的运输方式以及食品标签等方面进行了反驳论述。
(　　)5.Why should the British buy imported apples according to the author
A.It reduces food miles.
B.It benefits the local farmers.
C.It is less energy-consuming.
D.It is less costly and more convenient.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The local apples the British...they are in season.”可知,英国人从新西兰进口的苹果是当季的,可以节省冷藏消耗。由此推知,作者认为英国人应该购买进口苹果,因为进口苹果更节能。故选C。
(　　)6.What can we infer about the foods transported by air
A.They are grown using oil-based fertilisers.
B.They can be mass-produced locally.
C.They have a low carbon footprint.
D.They fail to have a long shelf life.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知,空运的进口食品通常是高价值、寿命短的食品,即这些食品的保质期短。故选D。
(　　)7.What does the author think of labeling foods
A.It does not give correct product information.
B.It does not tell a full and accurate story.
C.It will raise environmental awareness.
D.It will help people to shop ethically.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But the message this...a food’s carbon footprint.”可知,作者认为食品标签上的信息内容过于简单,因为,影响碳足迹的因素有很多,而标签上没有详细解释。由此推知,在作者看来,食品标签没有讲述完整而准确的信息。故选B。
(　　)8.What is the purpose of this text
A.To solve a problem.
B.To make a prediction.
C.To argue against a belief.
D.To give practical advice.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。通读文章内容可知,第一段提出了一个主张:鼓励购买当地食品,原因是食物里程越高,碳排放就越多。而在第二段首句则用“However,the real story is not as simple as that.”对该主张进行了反驳,同时在后文从食物储藏、食物运输方式以及食物标签等方面进行了论证。由此可推知,文章的写作目的是对一个主张进行反驳。故选C。
C
A new study finds that bird species with extreme or uncommon combinations of traits (特征) face the highest risk of extinction.The study led by researchers at Imperial College London finds that the most unique birds on the planet are also the most threatened.Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment,such as seed spread,pollination and predation,could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems.
The study analysed the extinction risk and physical traits,such as beak shape and wing length,of 99% of all living bird species,making it the most general study of its kind to date.The researchers found that in simulated scenarios (模拟场景) in which all threatened and near-threatened bird species became extinct,there would be a significantly greater reduction in the physical diversity among birds than in scenarios where extinctions were random (随机的).
Jarome Ali,a PhD candidate who completed the research at Imperial College London,said,“Our study shows that extinctions will most likely prune a large percentage of unique species from the bird family tree.Losing these unique species will mean a loss of the specialised roles that they play in ecosystems.If we do not take action to protect threatened species and prevent extinctions,the functioning of ecosystems will be thrown into disorder.”
In the study,the authors used a dataset of measurements collected from living birds and museum specimens about 10,000 bird species.Although the dataset used in the study was able to show that the most unique birds were also classified as threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,it was unable to show what links uniqueness in birds to extinction risk.
Jarome Ali said,“One possibility is that highly specialised organisms are less able to adapt to a changing environment,in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the most unusual ecological roles.More research is needed to dive deeper into the connection between unique traits and extinction risk.”
[语篇导读] 本文是新闻报道。研究发现,拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险,其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响,为了维持生态平衡,保护这些濒危物种至关重要。
(　　)9.According to researchers,what may the loss of unique birds lead to
A.The reduction of certain research.
B.The damage to ecosystem function.
C.The development of ecological tourism.
D.The better living environment of the human race.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句研究人员的说法可知,独特鸟类的消失可能会导致对生态系统功能的破坏。故选B。
(　　)10.What may the underlined word “prune” mean in Paragraph 3
A.Cut out. B.Pick up.
C.Get in. D.Add to.
【答案】 A
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据第三段内容可知,画线词与下文“Losing”同义,意为“失去”,cut out可以解释画线词,即灭绝很可能会从鸟类家谱中削减很大比例的独特物种。故选A。
(　　)11.What do researchers need to explore in the future
A.Human impacts on unique birds.
B.The parts unique traits play in birds’ life.
C.Links of uniqueness in birds to extinction risk.
D.The approaches to preventing birds’ extinction.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,未来研究人员需要探索鸟类的独特性与灭绝风险的联系。故选C。
(　　)12.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Some Birds with Special Physical Traits
B.Key Roles Unique Birds Play in Ecosystems
C.Measures to Protect Threatened Unique Birds
D.More Unique Birds at a Higher Risk of Extinction
【答案】 D
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段内容可知,研究发现,拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险,其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响,因此保护这些濒危物种对维持生态平衡至关重要,所以D项最适合作为文章标题。故选D。Unit 3　On the move
题组训练(限时35分钟　总分35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Rock climbing might seem extremely dangerous,but most climbers know what they’re doing.Over the years,climbers have developed knowledge and techniques that allow them to conquer rocks safely.There are different kinds of rock climbing.The two main categories are aid climbing and free climbing.Aid climbing uses equipment,such as screws inserted into rocks to help climbers pull themselves to the top.In free climbing,most climbers use equipment only to protect themselves from falling: they don’t use any tool to help them climb up the rock.In free climbing,it’s all about skill,strength and knowledge.
You might think that muscles are the most important factor in this extreme sport.Not so,says Jeremy Noris,a rock climber in the US.“You can’t muscle your way through climbing no matter how hard you try,”he says.More important factors are balance,coordination,and the ability to make your body tense,which help climbers pull themselves up.Noris also says that lower-body strength is actually more important than upper-body strength.One of the best climbers Noris can only do seven pull-ups,but he has no problems climbing up some of the most rugged rock faces around.
Although some climbers have mastered the sport,beginners are welcome.Start with bouldering,a kind of climbing without a rope that takes place on a rock three to five metres tall,so that falling won’t result in a serious injury.Believe me—it won’t seem that low when you are looking down from the top.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了攀岩这项运动,包括攀岩的种类、技巧以及初学者应该如何开始。
(　　)1.What does the main difference between aid climbing and free climbing lie in
A.It lies in the function of the equipment.
B.It lies in the way climbers keep balance.
C.It lies in the rocks climbers choose to conquer.
D.It lies in the strength climbers use.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Aid climbing uses equipment,such...climb up the rock.”可知,辅助攀登使用设备,如插入岩石的螺钉,帮助攀登者将自己拉到顶部。在自由攀登中,大多数攀登者只使用设备来保护自己不掉落:他们不使用任何工具来帮助他们爬上岩石。因此,辅助攀登和自由攀登的主要区别在于设备的功能,故选A。
(　　)2.Which of the following statements is true about the free climbing
A.Screws are required,so climbers can pull themselves up.
B.Skill,strength and knowledge play a great role in it.
C.Climbers are not allowed to use any kind of tools.
D.The rules are not so strict as those of aid climbing.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,在自由攀登中,一切都关乎技能、力量和知识。因此,技能、力量和知识在自由攀岩中起着重要作用,故选B。
(　　)3.What can we learn from the example of the climber Noris in Paragraph 2
A.Conquering rocks has nothing to do with strength.
B.Muscles are the most important factor in rock climbing.
C.The more pull-ups a climber does,the tenser his body will be.
D.Upper-body strength is not as important as lower-body strength.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Noris also says that lower-body strength...most rugged rock faces around.”可以推断出:上半身的力量不如下半身的力量重要,故选D。
(　　)4.What does the writer suggest for the beginners
A.The beginners should first take a basic level course.
B.The beginners should overcome the fear of height.
C.The beginners should climb without a rope to a lower height.
D.The beginners should learn to protect themselves from injury.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Start with bouldering,a kind...result in a serious injury.”可知,作者建议初学者从抱石开始,这是一种在没有绳索的情况下进行的攀岩,发生在三到五米高的岩石上,这样跌落就不会导致严重伤害。因此,作者建议初学者在没有绳索的情况下攀登较低的高度,故选C。
B
(2025·八省联考)
Want to learn a new language or get A’s in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory.A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function,scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning.After the test,all of the subjects watched nature documentaries,but two-thirds of them also exercised.Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test.The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.
Two days later,all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test,and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately.Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity,indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.
According to this research,the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying.But why That’s one question the researchers have yet to answer.Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning.I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究,以确定何时进行锻炼能最大程度提高学习效果。
(　　)5.What did the new study aim to explore
A.When exercise is best for learning.
B.What biochemicals are good for health.
C.How brainwaves should be measured.
D.Which area of the brain is the most active.
【答案】 A　
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句以及第二段内容可知,新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A。
(　　)6.What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment
A.Train on bicycles.
B.Do mathematics exercises.
C.Play computer games.
D.Watch films about nature.
【答案】 D　
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,所有受试者在实验过程中被要求观看自然纪录片。故选D。
(　　)7.Why did the participants return to the lab two days later
A.To do a medical examination.
B.To have their memory tested.
C.To get their workouts recorded.
D.To finish their previous tasks.
【答案】 B　
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知,受试者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B。
(　　)8.What might the author’s marathon running prove
A.The findings of the study are reliable.
B.Long-distance runners are often smart.
C.Studies on the marathon are not enough.
D.Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句可知,作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明,剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The literal translation of Cuju is “kick the ball with the foot”.Its 1.　　　　 (popular) spread from the army to the royal courts and upper classes in the Han Dynasty.The sport 2.　　　　 (improve) during the Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) and flourished during the Song Dynasty,3.　　　　 (extend) its popularity to all walks of life.
Originally the ball was stuffed with fur but eventually they moved on to a ball similar to 4.　　　　 we have today,an air-filled ball.
Early in its history,there was also a two-goal version of Cuju.In another version of Cuju,the singular (单个的) goal was positioned in the centre of the field and featured two upright poles that 5.　　　　(be) about 10 metres long.At the top,6.　　　　 (tie) between the poles,was a net,in the middle of which there was a round hole called fengliuyan.
There were 7.　　　　 (total) two types of playing.In one version,known as baida,the goal was removed and the aim was 8.　　　　 (demonstrate) skills in throwing and catching the ball.The winners were determined by the number of tricks performed and the level of skills.
The earliest record of women Cuju players can be traced back 9.　　　　 the Han Dynasty.Up to the Tang Dynasty,Cuju served as 10.　　　　 kind of entertainment.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代蹴鞠的发展历程,从汉朝的起源到唐朝的普及和宋朝的繁荣,以及蹴鞠的玩法和规则的变化等。
1.【答案】 popularity
【解析】 考查名词。此处充当句子主语,故用popular的名词形式。故填popularity。
2.【答案】 was improved
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处叙述蹴鞠在唐朝的发展情况,故应用一般过去时态,且主语The sport为第三人称单数,be动词应用was,又因主语与improve之间为被动关系。故填was improved。
3.【答案】 extending
【解析】 考查现在分词。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,此处为上文造成的一种结果,两者构成主动关系,应使用现在分词作状语。故填extending。
4.【答案】 what
【解析】 考查宾语从句。此处引导的是宾语从句,引导词作宾语,意为“……的事物”。故填what。
5.【答案】 were
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处使用动词作谓语,句子主语that指代two upright poles,根据上文可知句子使用一般过去时。故填were。
6.【答案】 tied
【解析】 考查过去分词。句中was为谓语动词,此处应使用非谓语动词,a net与tie之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词形式。故填tied。
7.【答案】 totally
【解析】 考查副词。此处使用total的副词totally作状语。故填totally。
8.【答案】 to demonstrate
【解析】 考查动词不定式。充当表语,说明主语的内容,表示目的,应用动词不定式。故填to demonstrate。
9.【答案】 to
【解析】 考查介词。trace back to为固定搭配,意为“追溯到……”。故填to。
10.【答案】 a
【解析】 考查冠词。此处表示泛指,意为“一种”,且kind为辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。故填a。Unit 5　On the road
题组训练(限时40分钟　总分35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共10分)
The sun is about to set when we reach our destination,the home of a nomadic (游牧的) herder (牧民) family.My host,Batbayer,has a cheerful face,with deep wrinkles and a skin colour acquired from spending long hours working outdoors,giving him the look of a sailor from an Ernest Hemingway novel.We have pre-arranged our visit but travellers in Mongolia can drive up to pretty much any longer and feel welcomed to stay.You don’t knock on the door: when you approach a nomadic family,a customary greeting is to say a kindly “Hold your dog.”,even if you don’t see a dog.
We feast at the family home on one of the country’s most distinct and tasty dishes:
khorkhog,or mutton cooked using hot rocks.This dish is served with onions,a variety of berries,milk,and more plates of meat,all from the family’s own livestock (家畜).
Mongolia is home to one of the world’s few remaining truly nomadic cultures.About a fifth of the population are herders,and nomadism is complexly woven into the country’s spirit.But a modern life is catching up with the people on the grassland at a rapid speed.This is in large part what my book is about: an outsider’s exploration of a society undergoing modernisation while trying to hold fast to its deeply rooted traditional values.
Many of the livestock here,especially the more valuable breeds such as horses,camels and cattle,are implanted with microchips that can be monitored via satellite-based services.“I would like to use the Internet more because it’s fun and useful; but the animals like it here.This is a good place for them,” Batbayer says when I ask if better Internet connectivity might influence where to move his livestock next.“I would never choose that over the well-being of the animals.”
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者拜访蒙古游牧民族家庭,体验当地独特的饮食和文化的经历。
(　　)1.Which aspect of the herders does the author focus on in Paragraph 1
A.Friendliness.
B.Pet preference.
C.Reading habits.
D.Living conditions.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My host,Batbayer,has a cheerful face...don’t see a dog.”可知,游客可以自由地造访牧民的家,无拘无束,因此作者强调了牧民的友好。故选A。
(　　)2.What do we know about nomadic culture
A.Herders have no access to fruits and vegetables.
B.Herders’ life is being modernised.
C.The majority of Mongolians are herders.
D.It is the world’s dominant culture.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句以及第三段的整体叙述可知,牧民的传统生活与现代生活融合在一起,牧民的生活正走向现代化。故选B。
(　　)3.What can we infer from Batbayer’s words in the last paragraph
A.He refuses to use social media.
B.He will no longer employ microchips.
C.He puts the welfare of livestock at first.
D.He will introduce more valuable breeds.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容,尤其是最后一句可知,Batbayer优先考虑的是牲畜的福利,要为牲畜选择适合它们生活的地方。故选C。
(　　)4.What is the text
A.A book review.
B.A folk tale.
C.A field report.
D.A travel journal.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,这篇文章是以第一人称的视角写的,描述的是作者去蒙古的所见所闻所感,所以这是一篇旅游日志。故选D。
Ⅱ.读后续写(成长、竞技篇)(25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Jordi! Wake up!” Father’s voice called from the hallway,and I sat up quickly.The day finally came! The day that I would be a casteller builder.Mama had breakfast ready.“Are you prepared for your moment of fame ” Papa asked in excitement.My throat was suddenly very dry,and the bread got stuck as I swallowed.Taking a big swig of juice,I put on a smile.“I’m ready.” I would do well.I wanted to make him proud.
Here in the eastern part of Spain,casteller groups were very popular.My city hosted the competition this year.Before that,I’d watched my parents compete.But never before had I been part of the tower.It was so high.And it sometimes fell.I was hesitant to be up there.But for the past year,I had been practising the climb.I was 20,and I must not be a coward (胆小鬼).So for the first time in a competition,I would help build the tower!
In town,I saw that the centre was packed with people and casteller teams from all over the country.Hands sweating,I was waiting for our turn to compete.Mum came and patted me on the shoulder.“Have focus.Have faith.” I nodded to show that I understood and would do my best to follow the suggestions.
Soon,too soon,it was our turn.
My father and three of the strongest men stood in a circle facing each other as they held tightly to each other’s arms.Four more strong men stepped behind,each wrapping his arms around the chest of a man and giving him a bear hug.Then fifty more men and women crowded behind and began pushing on their backs to keep them tightly together.
Our base was solid.Four smaller men climbed onto the backs of the base group and stood on their shoulders.They then grabbed onto each other’s arms and held firmly,creating a strong second tier (层).Another group of men would form the third tier.Then,a group of women,including Mum,started climbing and began to form the fourth tier.Our tower was growing taller and taller.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Then suddenly it was young men’s turn to make the last tier.
Paragraph 2:
“Jordi.Easy!” My mother whispered the words.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who I (Jordi),my parents 紧张 平静 再次紧张 充满信心、专注
When This year’s casteller competition
Where In the eastern part of Spain
What Jordi attended the casteller competition for the first time after practice.
明确主题定冲突 Theme After building the tower successfully,Jordi learnt the importance of faith and focus.
Conflict & Clue Conflict:Although the author had practised a lot,he was still nervous when climbing to form the tier. Clue:throat was suddenly very dry,hesitant to be up there,Hands sweating,Soon,too soon
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Then suddenly it was young men’s turn to make the last tier. Q1:What was his response Q2:How was his performance Q3:What happened
Para.2 “Jordi.Easy!” My mother whispered the words. Q1:Hearing his mother’s words,how was his performance again Q2:What was his parents’ response after the competition Q3:What did he learn at last
　　One possible version:
Then suddenly it was young men’s turn to make the last tier.Tightly gripping the clothes of those we were climbing over,we passed the first two tiers without difficulty.By the time I reached the fourth tier,nerves made my hands sweat and my knees tremble,for I was very high off the ground.As I climbed onto my mother’s shoulders,my foot slipped off and I slid down.Instinctively,I clutched Mum’s arm with all my might.Feeling the tower below swaying a bit,my heart began a crazy dance in my chest.“Stay focus!” Exclaimed a young man beside me.Sweat trickling down my face,I took a deep breath to calm myself.I could not be responsible for ruining our tower.I could not disgrace my parents or myself.I could not let my team down.
“Jordi.Easy!” My mother whispered the words.I calmed my heart and again placed my foot on Mum’s lap.This time,I grasped her shirt and firmly pushed myself to a stand,balancing on one foot.With the other foot,I stepped up and onto her shoulders,and then brought the other foot up.Reaching deep inside to feel my balance,with focus and trust,I rose slowly out of my crouch and straightened my knees.I worked hard to hold myself straight and still until our tower was complete.Whether or not we won this competition,I knew we had done what we had set out to do.With faith in each other and with focus on the task,we built our tower.Eventually,I became a casteller!
点津:为现在分词短语作状语;
为心理描写;
为动作描写;
为心理描写;
为独立主格结构;
为whether or not引导的状语从句;
为what引导的宾语从句;
为with复合结构。Unit 4　Stage and screen
以读促写(限时40分钟　总分56.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共17.5分)
A
Peking Opera is a form of Chinese opera which arose in the late 18th century. It became quite popular in the mid-19th century and is now regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China. Major performance troupes are based in Beijing and Tianjin in the north, and Shanghai in the south. The art form has also been introduced to other countries such as the US and Japan, influencing the development of the opera there from some perspectives.
There are four major categories of roles in Peking Opera, and each category contains various subcategories. On the stage, the performers combine different skills together in one play, including singing, dancing, and combating in symbolic and suggestive movements. They also hold a variety of stylistic conventions that help audiences follow and understand the plot. The layers of meaning within each movement are expressed in time with the music. The melodies of Peking Opera can be divided into two main categories, namely xipi and erhuang. Melodies include arias (唱腔), fixed-tune melodies and percussion patterns. There are over thousands of works in the complete collection of Peking Opera, which are based on Chinese history, culture, folklore, and, increasingly, contemporary life. Many of them, however, are no longer performed on stage.
In recent years, there have been various reforms to Peking Opera in order to attract a wider young audience to the theatre. Such attempts include improving performance quality, adopting new performance elements, and performing new and original plays, and the outcome is quite promising.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了现在被认为是中国的文化瑰宝之一的京剧的由来及其艺术价值。
(　　)1.How long has Peking Opera become a popular art form
A.More than two centuries.
B.About one and a half centuries.
C.Less than one century.
D.About half a century.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,京剧在19世纪中期时非常流行,由此可推知,京剧成为流行的艺术形式大约有一个半世纪。故选B。
(　　)2.What major bases of Peking Opera are mentioned in the passage
A.Beijing and Tianjin in the north, and Shanghai in the south.
B.China (Beijing, Tianjin),and the US.
C.China (Beijing,Tianjin, Shanghai) and Japan.
D.China(Beijing,Tianjin, Shanghai), the US and Japan.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知,文章中提到了京剧的主要基地北有北京和天津,南有上海。故选A。
(　　)3.What are the features of the performers’ movements of Peking Opera
A.Quick.
B.Colourful.
C.Representative.
D.Realistic.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知,京剧演员的动作具有象征性。故选C。
B
China’s popular programme about ancient Chinese poetry has not only received a warm welcome from audiences for its cultural knowledge and ancient wisdom, but also become a stage and platform for cultural exchanges.
A girl from Cambodia appeared on one episode of the programme on China Central TV and shared her knowledge about China’s ancient poems.She said that China and Cambodia had an unbreakable bond of friendship and that she had been learning Chinese and ancient Chinese poems.
She noted that she hoped to learn some poems about friendship and recite them to her Chinese friends.During the show, she recited one of her favourite poems:“I live upstream and you downstream by Yangtze Blue.Day after day of you I think, but you are not in view.Although as one we drink, the water clear of River Blue.”
In her eyes, the poem written by Li Zhiyi, a poet of the Song Dynasty, expresses well the feeling of longing as Cambodia and China will always be good partners and good neighbours who “drink from the same river”.
Shan, a leader of the China Cultural Relics Academy, said that the ancient Chinese poetry programme is about not only the preservation of poetry, but also refreshing and boosting China’s fine traditional culture.Poems carry the emotional wisdom of the stages of past dynasties and the cultural mark of the Chinese nation.The programme perfectly combines the soul of poetry for thousands of years with modern beauty and shows the rich heritage of Chinese culture to the world.
[语篇导读] 本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了一档关于中国古代诗词的电视节目不仅受到观众欢迎,还成为文化交流的平台。一柬埔寨女孩在节目中分享了对中国古诗的了解,并表达了通过学习古诗来加深与中国的友谊。这个节目不仅传承了诗词,还创新激活了中国传统文化,向世界展示了中华文化的深厚底蕴。
(　　)4.What topic did the girl from Cambodia discuss on the ancient Chinese poetry programme
A.Her visit to China.
B.Sino-Cambodian ties.
C.Ancient Chinese poems.
D.Modern Chinese poetry.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知,一柬埔寨女孩在节目中分享了她对中国古诗的了解,表明她讨论的主题是中国古代诗词。故选C。
(　　)5.How does the girl from Cambodia understand the China-Cambodia relationship through the poem by Li Zhiyi
A.It is a symbol of shared cultural heritage between the two countries.
B.It is a representation of the close and lasting links between the two countries.
C.It is an expression of the mutual (相互的)longing despite geographical separation.
D.It is a reflection of the historical ties and common ancestry (祖先) of the two countries.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段引用的李之仪的古诗内容及第四段全部内容可知,柬埔寨女孩通过这首诗理解到中国和柬埔寨的关系是尽管地理位置不同,彼此却相互渴望的一种情感。故选C。
(　　)6.What is an aim of the poetry programme
A.Chinese language teaching.
B.Ancient poetry appreciation.
C.Modern literature promotion.
D.Cultural exchanges strengthening.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The programme perfectly... Chinese culture to the world.”可知,这档节目的目的之一是加强文化交流。故选D。
(　　)7.What is the best title for the article
A.A Cambodian Girl:Sharing Poetry Passion
B.The Ancient Chinese Poetry Programme:a Stage for Cultural Exchanges
C.The Timeless Art of Chinese Poetry:Enduring Beauty and Cultural Depth
D.Ancient Poems in the Modern Era:the Revival of China’s Cultural Legacy
【答案】 B
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第一段内容并结合全文叙述可知,这档关于中国古诗词的节目不仅是关于文化知识和古代智慧,还作为文化交流的平台,故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
Music can make us feel happy, peaceful or sad.As an orchestra conductor,Anderson brings music to life, allowing people to experience many　1　 that music can give.
Anderson fell in love with　2　 when she was a child.She began playing the piano at seven and started composing at nine.She bought many videos 　3　 by the world’s great orchestras and conductors and listened to them 　4　 for hours.
During a concert, the audience see the back of a conductor and the arm movements he or she makes.What audiences do not see is all the work the conductor has done before the　5　.
Months before a concert, Anderson studies the music by　6　 it on the piano.Her goal is to recreate the music as the composer 　7　.
While conducting, Anderson uses her whole body to express how the music should sound and feel.Her movements are dramatic when the music is　8　 and gentle when the music is peaceful.As she 　9　, Anderson listens for problems with balance, sound and style.
To help young musicians better　10　 how to play music, Anderson might tell them to imagine a 　11　 and leisurely walk or a ship being tossed (颠簸) by waves.
“It is music’s ability to　12　 people that I value most,” said Anderson.She has seen audiences at her concerts 　13　, clap together in rhythm, and shout, “Wonderful!” After one concert in Serbia, audiences 　14　 around the orchestra’s buses and cheered for the young musicians as they climbed aboard.
Anderson is happy, knowing that she and the musicians have changed lives for the better,　15　 spirits and brought joy to people.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。Anderson是乐队的指挥,她对音乐有独特的理解,在指挥时她经常将音乐表现得淋漓尽致,看到音乐能改变人的生活、振奋人的精神、并给人们带来快乐,她很高兴。
(　　)1.A.feelings B.characters
C.behaviours D.lifestyles
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文可知,音乐能使人感到开心、平和或悲伤,这些都是音乐带给人的感受,此处用feelings符合语境。故选A。
(　　)2.A.painting B.reading
C.music D.dance
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文可知,Anderson从七岁开始学钢琴,九岁开始作曲,说明她从小就喜欢音乐(music)。故选C。
(　　)3.A.invented B.recorded
C.caught D.sought
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据常识可知,videos是“录(recorded)”出来的。故选B。
(　　)4.A.continuously B.anxiously
C.firmly D.sharply
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文的“for hours”可知,她长时间听音乐,因此是“连续地(continuously)”。故选A。
(　　)5.A.schedule B.performance
C.flight D.game
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文以及前后逻辑可知,观众能看到音乐会上指挥的背和动作,但却看不到音乐会前他/她所作的准备工作,故此处指音乐会“表演(performance)”前。故选B。
(　　)6.A.making B.beating
C.playing D.replacing
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据前面的“Anderson studies the music”和后面的“on the piano”可知,此处指Anderson主要通过不断在钢琴上弹奏来研究曲子,此处用play符合语境。故选C。
(　　)7.A.downloaded B.intended
C.limited D.memorised
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据句意可知,Anderson不断弹奏曲子,是希望能按照作曲家们原本创作时的想法,把曲子再创作出来,此处用intended符合语境。故选B。
(　　)8.A.energetic B.magical
C.quiet D.sad
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后面的“and gentle when the music is peaceful”可知,音乐平静时,动作轻柔;动作变得戏剧性时,说明音乐充满活力(energetic)。故选A。
(　　)9.A.drops B.conducts
C.sings D.competes
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“While conducting, Anderson... should sound and feel.”可知,此处在描述Anderson指挥(conducts)时会做的一些事。故选B。
(　　)10.A.promise B.refuse
C.pretend D.understand
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据后面的“Anderson might tell them to... tossed (颠簸) by waves.”可知,此处是Anderson在帮助年轻音乐家们更好地“理解(understand)”如何弹奏音乐。故选D。
(　　)11.A.stressful B.violent
C.calm D.sensitive
【答案】 C
【解析】 结合句意和后面的“and leisurely walk or a ship being tossed (颠簸) by waves”可知,能与leisurely表达意思相近的词只有calm,此处表示“平静悠闲的散步”。故选C。
(　　)12.A.reach B.attack
C.praise D.accept
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文可知,知道她的音乐能让人们的生活变得更好Anderson很开心,说明她最看中的是音乐触动(reach)人的能力。故选A。
(　　)13.A.whisper B.escape
C.applaud D.wander
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后面观众的表现可知,她的音乐会很棒,经常受到观众们的鼓掌和欢呼,此处用applaud符合语境。故选C。
(　　)14.A.rushed B.revised
C.joked D.gathered
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据后面的“around the orchestra’s buses and cheered for the young musicians”可知,这些观众聚集在巴士周围,为他们欢呼,gather常与around搭配,表示“聚集,围在一起”。故选D。
(　　)15.A.taken up B.turned up
C.given up D.lifted up
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据后面的“spirits”可知,此处指“鼓舞了(lifted up)人们的精神”。故选D。
1.one of the cultural treasures of China中国文化瑰宝之一
2.a variety of各种各样的
3.a stage and platform for cultural exchanges文化交流的舞台和平台
4.have an unbreakable bond of friendship有着牢不可破的友谊纽带
1.date back to 追溯到
2.costumes and masks 戏服和脸谱
3.transform a small stage into the whole universe 将小小的舞台变成整个宇宙
4.Feeling the strong emotions of love,anger,fear and grief in the performance,I could easily recognise...通过表演中感受到的爱、怒、惧、哀强烈情感,我很容易就能看出……
5.be glued to...被……深深吸引
1.(3分)京剧可以追溯到18世纪,作为中国文化的象征而广为赞誉。(现在分词短语作状语)
Dating back to the 18th century, Peking Opera is widely praised as a symbol of Chinese culture.
2.(3分)我被它深深吸引的一个关键原因是我想寻求内心的平静。(one of the key reasons...is that...)
One of the key reasons why I am glued to it is that I want to go after the inner peace.
3.(3分)只要你的表演够精彩,你也能将小小的舞台变成整个宇宙。(as long as引导的从句)
As long as your performance is wonderful enough,you can also transform a small stage into the whole universe.
　　(15分)假设你是李华,你校正准备举办音乐节,学校学生会和英语角联合发起“Music and I”的征文活动,开办以“对音乐的感受”为主题的征文展以配合音乐节氛围,请你向英语角投稿一篇文章。
注意:题目已经给出,写作词数应为80个左右。
Music and I
　　One possible version:
Music and I
As is known to all, music can influence our emotions, thoughts and behaviours to a great degree.Music can make us feel happy, peaceful or sad.
It is well acknowledged that there is a variety of music.I appreciate slow music.I often listen to slow music, which suits my moods.One of the key reasons why I am glued to it is that I want to go after the inner peace.
As far as I am concerned, music is a good medicine to my soul.Feeling the strong emotions of love, anger, fear and grief in the music,I can easily recognise what it means.One of the most essential factors in my life, it can change my moods, and my horizons in life, and even better my physical health, just like a friend I never betraying me but always keeping me company.
点津:为it充当形式主语的固定句式;
为which引导的非限制性定语从句;
为why引导的定语从句;
为that引导的表语从句;
为非谓语动词作状语;
为独立主格结构;
为非谓语动词作后置定语。

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