资源简介

Unit 5　A delicate world
题组训练(限时40分钟　总分35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共10分)
Most birds,in particular,exhibit some degree of patterns and colours.Australia’s zebra finch (斑胸草雀),for example,was so named because of the zebra-like black and white bars on its tail.But it also has many other colours and patterns,from a bright orange bill to fine white spots along its reddish-brown sides.It’s not uncommon to spot the bird in the drier parts of Australia.
We tend to suppose all individuals of that species have their spots and bars in the same places.Look closer yet we’ll see that the quantity and design of these patterns vary between individuals.And somehow a bird exhibits a more obvious feather variation.Occasionally,we see one that has larger than usual pale areas of feathers or,more rarely,has lost its normal patterning altogether.
Colouration and patterning in all animals are caused by a range of pigments (色素).
Melanin (黑色素) is responsible for blacks and browns,and a lack of this pigment can cause a partial or total loss of an individual’s dark patterning.The two main terms that describe these abnormalities are albinism and leucism.Both conditions are genetic and both can lead to a very similar physical appearance.Leucism,however,causes a lack of the pigment cells that produce melanin.But albinism causes the production of melanin to be reduced or absent.
Can we distinguish between the two conditions without the help of a cellular biologist Yes.Albino animals have fully unpigmented red eyes.Leucistic animals,on the other hand,
never completely lose pigment from the eye,although they can have blue eyes due to a partial loss of pigment.
Why don’t we see more albino or leucistic birds Because the lack of melanin reduces the strength and lastingness of the affected birds’ feathers,making them more easily broken.
Additionally,the birds’ vision and hearing are negatively affected,making them less able to hunt.The brighter feathers and lack of patterning also make them easier for attackers to see.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚斑胸草雀的颜色和图案,以及色素缺失对鸟类的影响。
(　　)1.What can we learn about Australia’s zebra finch
A.It is one of the rarest birds in Australia.
B.It is mostly covered with bright orange feathers.
C.It acquires its name from its tail colours and patterns.
D.It has the same spots and bars in the same places.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知,斑胸草雀因其尾部的颜色和图案而得名。故选C。
(　　)2.How is the third paragraph developed
A.By giving explanations.
B.By presenting opinions.
C.By setting assumptions.
D.By drawing conclusions.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,第三段主要解释了色素对动物颜色和图案的影响,以及白化病和白变的区别,因此,这一段是通过给出解释展开的。故选A。
(　　)3.What can a lack of melanin lead to
A.Total loss of patterns.
B.Genetically-born abnormalities.
C.Darkened feathers.
D.Abnormal formation of wings.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Melanin (黑色素) is responsible for...a very similar physical appearance.”可知,缺乏黑色素会导致遗传异常。故选B。
(　　)4.Which of the following correctly showcases albino or leucistic birds
A.They have quite good hearing.
B.They have completely red eyes.
C.They have excellent hunting skills.
D.They have easily broken feathers.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,白化病或白变的鸟类的羽毛更容易断裂。故选D。
Ⅱ.读后续写(助人篇)(25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One sunny afternoon in the small town of Oakville,a young boy named Fern was playing soccer in his backyard.His little dog,Lucky,cheerfully ran around trying to catch the ball whenever Fern kicked it too far.The air was filled with laughter and barks,making it sound like a perfect day.
All of a sudden,the sky changed colour,turning dark gray.Fern noticed the wind picking up,and the trees began to shake wildly.He looked towards the horizon and saw a terrifying scene—a tornado (龙卷风) coming towards the town.
Fern fought against panic and grabbed Lucky quickly.He remembered what the TV weatherman had said,“If you meet a tornado,head for the storm cellar (地窖) immediately.” Lucky whined and struggled in Fern’s arms.“Steady,boy,” Fern said to Lucky.
As he reached the doorstep of the storm cellar,he thought of Mrs Smith,the elderly neighbour next door.Mrs Smith lived alone and moved slowly because of her leg problems.
Should he check on her But what could he do It seemed unlikely that she could make it to the storm cellar quickly enough.Plus,he wasn’t even sure if she wanted him around.She often scolded (训斥) him because his dog,Lucky,would mess up her flower gardens.But if there was a tornado...she didn’t have a basement or a storm cellar.Fern knew he couldn’t just leave her there.
“Sorry,Lucky.” He set the shaking dog on the steps in the storm cellar and shut the door.
Lucky would be scared there by himself,but he’d be safe.
注意:续写词数应为 150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
He had to make sure Mrs Smith was OK.
Paragraph 2:
After what felt like hours,the tornado finally stopped.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who Fern,his little dog,Lucky,and Mrs Smith 高兴 镇静 犹豫 下定 决心 宽慰、 自豪
When On a sunny afternoon
Where In the small town of Oakville
What A young boy named Fern faced a tornado and had to make a difficult decision on whether to help his elderly neighbour,Mrs Smith.
明确主题定冲突 Theme Unselfish help to others
Conflict & Clue Conflict:Fern wanted to help his elderly neighbour Mrs Smith,but he wasn’t sure if she wanted him around. Clue:Should he check on her But what could he do It seemed unlikely that she could make it to the storm cellar quickly enough.Plus,he wasn’t even sure if she wanted him around.She often scolded him because his dog,Lucky,would mess up her flower gardens.
预设问题定走向 Para.1 He had to make sure Mrs Smith was OK. Q1:How did Fern get to Mrs Smith’s house safely amidst the tornado Q2:What happened to Mrs Smith when Fern arrived Q3:How did Fern help Mrs Smith
Para.2 After what felt like hours,the tornado finally stopped. Q1:What was the aftermath of the tornado Q2:Were Fern and Mrs Smith safe and sound at last Q3:How did Fern feel about helping Mrs Smith
　　One possible version:
He had to make sure Mrs Smith was OK.Fern ran out of the storm cellar,ignoring the howling wind and flying debris.He ran towards Mrs Smith’s house,heart pounding in his chest.As he neared her home,he could see her door swinging open and a chair overturned in the yard.With all his might,he pushed through the door and called out for her.“Mrs Smith,are you here ” he shouted,his voice trembling.The house was empty,but he spotted her in the backyard,struggling to get up from the ground.She had fallen and was unable to move due to her leg problems.Fern quickly ran to her side and helped her up.“Let’s go to my house,” he said,grabbing her arm and guiding her towards his backyard.
After what felt like hours,the tornado finally stopped.Fern and Mrs Smith emerged from the shelter of his backyard,blinking in the bright sunlightthat had replaced the dark,
stormy sky.The town of Oakville was in shambles,with trees down and houses damaged.
But Fern felt a sense of relief and accomplishmentas he looked at Mrs Smith standing beside him,safe and unharmed.He had done what he could to help his neighbour in need,and it had been worth it.He turned to Lucky,who was wagging his tail and jumping up and down,and gave him a big hug.“We did it,boy,” he said,smiling.
点津:为现在分词短语作伴随状语;
为独立主格结构;
为that引导的限制性定语从句;
为with复合结构;
为as引导的时间状语从句,其中standing beside him为现在分词短语作后置定语,safe and unharmed为形容词短语作状语。Unit 3　Times change!
以读促写(限时40分钟　总分56.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
A geographic magazine has conducted a survey of 3,500 people regarding travel styles and expectations of future vacations.The results showed an increased preference for slow and immersive (沉浸式的) trips that are sustainable and encourage rich connections with places and cultures.
The growing concept of “slow travel” keeps pace with the popular Slow Food Movement.
Rather than focusing on the schedule of a particular journey,slow travel advocates a change in the state of mind that brings emotional,cultural,and even physical benefits.Choosing a homestay in place of a hotel,exploring the history of an unfamiliar neighbourhood and travelling into the wilderness (荒野) are all examples of slow travel.Adding nature seems to boost the benefits even more.
A study from Stanford University has found that spending time in nature can reduce negative thought patterns,stress and depression.While this fact might ring true,not everyone is comfortable carrying a backpack and heading for the hills.Pack trips,however,make it easy.
The history of pack trips in the United States can date from the early 19th century,when explorers advanced west into the unexplored territory of the Rocky Mountains.Small strings of horses were employed to help lessen the burden of carrying heavy equipment and supplies across great distances.
Nowadays,pack trips continue to offer a travel experience that nods to the past,but instead of supporting adventures into unexplored country,they provide camping adventures in remote mountain locations with comfortable tents,solar showers and delicious meals along with four-legged transportation.
Days are spent exploring the beautiful landscapes,fishing in mountain lakes and watching wild animals.In the evening,dinner is cooked over campfires as the Milky Way prepares for an excellent nighttime show.In a world where the pace of daily life is ever faster and our interactions are increasingly virtual,pack trips offer a chance to slow down and reconnect with family,friends and nature.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了“慢旅行”这一概念已经被越来越多的人认可。
(　　)1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.Why people travel into the wilderness.
B.The concept of slow movement.
C.Why people choose to be slow.
D.The meaning of slow travel.
【答案】 D
【解析】 段落大意题。第二段的第一句引出“慢旅行”这一概念,第二句介绍了慢旅行提倡什么,第三句对慢旅行的方式进行了举例介绍。综上可知,本段主要介绍了慢旅行的含义。故选D。
(　　)2.What has the study from Stanford University mainly found out
A.Being in nature makes us happier.
B.Preference for slow travel is on the rise.
C.Pack trips are suitable for modern people.
D.Negative thoughts do harm to people’s well-being.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可知,斯坦福大学的这项研究发现花时间在大自然中能够减少消极的思维模式、压力和抑郁。由此可推知,该研究发现身处大自然能让我们更快乐。故选A。
(　　)3.Why did American people of the early 19th century take pack trips
A.To seek advanced cultures.
B.To explore the unknown areas.
C.To find peace in the wilderness.
D.To appreciate the Rocky Mountains.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知,在19世纪早期,探险者进行背包旅行主要是为了探索西部,勘查未知的地区。故选B。
(　　)4.How do modern people take pack trips
A.On foot.
B.By private car.
C.On horseback.
D.Through homestay.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。倒数第二段介绍了现代人进行背包旅行的情况:现代的背包旅行仍然能给人们一种和过去的背包旅行一样的体验,只是人们不再去未知的地区探险,而是使用舒适的装备进行野营。根据该段末尾的“along with four-legged transportation”可知,现代人进行背包旅行时仍然使用四条腿的交通工具,即第四段第二句中提到的“horses”。故选C。
B
Feeling a hug from each other via the Internet may be a possibility in the near future.A research team led by City University of Hong Kong developed a wireless,soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch,and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction.It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world,they provide only touch sensing or touch response.The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch-reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7 cm×10 cm,4.2 mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器),a microcontroller unit,a Bluetooth module,and other electronics on a flexible circuit board.The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force,a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth.When the signals are received,a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibrations (振动).The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the Internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch,and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system,where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realised.
Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other.This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.
Next,the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability,who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤。
(　　)5.What is the unique feature of the e-skin
A.It provides hugs for users.
B.It builds a social network.
C.It provides touch sensing and copying.
D.It monitors the process of self-sensing.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,这种电子皮肤的独特之处是提供并复制触感。故选C。
(　　)6.What does the underlined word “reversed” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Started. B.Disturbed.
C.Completed. D.Exchanged.
【答案】 D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词上下文语境可知,接收器可以接收信号并模拟触觉,也可以将接收者的电子皮肤产生的震动发送给信号发出者的制动器。由此可知,这个过程是可以互换的。由此可推知,画线词“reversed”意为“互换”,与exchanged同义。故选D。
(　　)7.What can we learn about e-skin
A.It strengthens bonds across distance.
B.Its converter vibrates when working.
C.It sends electrical signals to receivers.
D.Its system delivers touch with phones.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后两句可知,这种电子皮肤减少了人们交流中的距离感,即它可以加强远距离的联系。故选A。
(　　)8.What would be the best title of the text
A.A Signal-sending Application
B.An Invention for the Disabled
C.A Device for Virtual Interaction
D.A Long-distance Communication
【答案】 C
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤,它通过提供和传递触感减少人们交流中的距离感。因此C项最适合作本文的标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Happy,angry,amazed—these are some of the emotions we like to express these days when we’re sending a message on our phones! That’s why many of us now add little pictures to our texts to brighten up someone’s mobile screen and we’re also using them as a quick way of telling someone how we’re feeling.1.　　
Emojis came from Japan in the late 1990s,as a non-verbal expression of emotion,which was a substitute for facial expression in face-to-face communication.It was once believed that emojis were just decorative,additional and unnecessary.After being introduced into the Unicode Standard in 2010,emojis have become popular and attracted the attention of many scholars.2.　　　 They show that there are four main motivations: information transmission,
conversation strategies,entertainment and efficiency.
Different styles of emojis can affect the circumstances under which they appear,which provides an angle for analysing the usages and functions of different emojis.It has been found that the emojis usually occur before or after a complete statement or question,and rarely appear in the middle of a sentence.3.　　
Researchers have found that when netizens communicate with casual acquaintances,the diversity and the preference of using emojis to express information are significantly lower than that of family members,close friends,classmates and colleagues.4.　　　 In contrast to it,the usage of emojis will be limited when they’re communicating with people who are more distant from each other.
5.　　　 People have not reached a common understanding of the same emoji;even there are significant differences.In task-based communication,people may prefer to use notional words to convey information clearly so as to avoid communication difficulties caused by different interpretations of emojis.
A.The emoji has its internal ambiguity of expression.
B.Emojis have become a vital tool for communication.
C.Emojis are named as the world’s fastest growing language.
D.There are many questionnaires about the reasons to use emojis.
E.People can choose more emojis when facing close relationships.
F.People also use them to show their enthusiasm and encouragement.
G.Besides,it is common to repeat emojis to express the intensity of emotions.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了表情符号的相关情况。
1.【答案】 B
【解析】 上文“That’s why many of us...how we’re feeling.”提到表情符号是一种交流方式,第二段中的“After being introduced into...of many scholars.”表明表情符号大受欢迎。由此可知,B项承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
2.【答案】 D
【解析】 下文“They show that...entertainment and efficiency.”谈及人们使用表情符号的四个主要动机。D项提到关于使用表情符号的原因的调查问卷,引出下文,符合语境。故选D。
3.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据上文“Different styles of emojis...and functions of different emojis.”可知,不同风格的表情符号会影响它们出现的环境,这有利于分析不同表情符号的“用法”和“功能”,且上文“It has been found that...of a sentence.”提到研究发现的表情符号的用法——通常出现在完整的陈述句或疑问句之前或之后,设空处应进一步讲研究发现的有关表情符号的使用功能的内容,G项符合语境。故选G。
4.【答案】 E
【解析】 下文“In contrast to it...from each other.”提到相比之下,当与彼此距离较远的人交流时,表情符号的使用会受到限制。E项与下文形成对比关系,表明人们的关系越亲密,表情符号使用越多。故选E。
5.【答案】 A
【解析】 下文指出人们对同一个表情符号的理解尚未达成共识,甚至存在显著差异。在基于任务的交流中,人们可能更喜欢使用概念性词语来清晰地传达信息,以避免对表情符号的不同理解造成的交流困难。A项与下文形成因果关系,符合语境。故选A。
1.keep pace with 与……齐头并进(或并驾齐驱);与……步调一致
2.rather than 而不是;而不
3.focus on 专注于;关注;聚焦于
4.in place of 代替,取代
5.communicate with 与……交流/沟通
6.a substitute for ……的替代品
7.in contrast (to) (与……)形成对比;相比之下
1.prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事
2.pop up 突然出现;冒出来
3.pave the way 铺平道路;创造条件
4.have a great influence on 对……有重大影响
5.with the development of 随着……的发展
6.have advantages over 比……更有优势,优于……
7.have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
1.(3分)随着与先进的技术齐头并进,如今,互联网使交流如此便捷,以至于无论你在哪里或你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(非谓语动词作状语;so...that...结构;让步状语从句)
Keeping pace with advanced technology,nowadays,the Internet makes communication so convenient that you can keep in touch with your friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.
2.(3分)随着科学技术的发展铺平了道路,越来越多的科学发明被创造出来,给我们的日常生活带来了极大的便利,其中之一就是空调。(with复合结构;非谓语动词作状语;非限制性定语从句)
With the development of science and technology paving the way,more and more scientific inventions have been created,bringing great convenience to our daily life,one of which is the air conditioner.
3.(3分)越来越多的人倾向于使用空调,因为空调明显比电风扇更有优势,这使得电风扇在不久的将来完全消失成为可能。(as引导原因状语从句;非谓语动词作状语)
More and more people have a tendency to use air conditioners,as air conditioners have clear advantages over electric fans,making it possible for electric fans to completely disappear in the near future.
　　(15分)请以“The Electric Fan: a Thing of the Past”为题写一篇关于夏季降温方式变化的短文。过去人们用电风扇给房间降温,但是风扇不能给整个房间降温,而且只能放在地上或桌子上,占据空间;相比之下,空调不仅可以设定温度,给整个房间降温,还可以挂在墙上,省空间。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
　　One possible version:
The Electric Fan: a Thing of the Past
More and more people have a tendency to use air conditioners, as air conditioners have clear advantages over electric fans, making it possible for electric fans to completely disappear in the near future.
　　Firstly,the reason why electric fans are far less effective in cooling a room is that they do not lower the overall temperature.Not only do air conditioners achieve this,but their settings can be adjusted so that they can reach a specific ideal temperature.As a consequence,the room is more comfortable to live in.
　　Secondly,electric fans are usually placed on either the floor or a table and take up much room;in contrast,air conditioners can be fixed on walls.I wonder if you intend to throw away your electric fan.
点津:为as引导的原因状语从句;
为现在分词短语作结果状语;
为why引导的定语从句以及that引导的表语从句;
为so that引导的目的状语从句。Unit 6　Survival
题组训练(限时35分钟　总分35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
A grey-headed flying fox is back gliding through the night after life-saving surgery on a broken wing.The female flying fox’s wing was badly injured when it was twisted in a net placed over fruit trees in Geelong,Victoria.It was rescued and taken to Werribee Open Range Zoo’s veterinary hospital where it needed two operations to repair the wing.
Paul Eden,doctor of the hospital,said,“The flying fox was in a very serious condition when it arrived.” Flying foxes are highly dependent on their wings for many purposes.They can fly an astonishing 6,000 kilometres in a year to search for food and pollinate a wide range of plants.They also use their wings to help capture insects,regulate body temperature and attract other flying foxes during mating season.So,it was extremely important that we did everything we could to help this animal make a full recovery.Vets operated to remove some of the flying fox’s damaged wing tissue and also gave it antibiotics (抗生素) and pain relief medication.
Following the successful procedure,the flying fox was transferred to a wildlife carer to prepare it for release back into where it belonged.Dr Eden said,“It is very rewarding to see the flying fox recover fully and safely return home.” According to researchers from Werribee Open Range Zoo,flying foxes play a critical role in Australia’s ecosystem,not only for the survival of other native animals but also for humans.Our ecosystem would be dramatically different without flying foxes.
Dr Eden noted that there were some simple actions people could take to keep flying foxes safe,including reducing the risk of twisting by using nets with a size no bigger than 5 mm×5 mm when fully stretched over vegetable gardens or fruit trees.“If you encounter a flying fox that is sick or in distress,for the safety of everyone,don’t attempt to rescue the animal yourself.
Instead,contact the relevant departments that will send a trained officer to rescue the animal,” Dr Eden said.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只灰头狐蝠在接受了翅膀断裂的救生手术后,将重新回归到自然。
(　　)1.How did the flying fox get injured in the wing
A.It was stuck in the net.
B.It was hit by the fruits.
C.It was hunted while flying.
D.It was twisted in the branches.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知,这只狐蝠被网缠住了。故选A。
(　　)2.What is Paragraph 2 intended to do
A.Analyse the reason.
B.Draw a conclusion.
C.Present a problem.
D.Add some backgrounds.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,第二段主要提供了关于狐蝠的一些背景知识。故选D。
(　　)3.How will the flying fox be dealt with after recovery
A.It will be raised in a reserve.
B.It will be adopted by Dr Eden.
C.It will be set free back to nature.
D.It will be tended by a wildlife carer.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知,这只狐蝠将被送回大自然。故选C。
(　　)4.What did Dr Eden advise us to do while coming across an injured flying fox
A.Rescue it on the spot.
B.Seek professional aid.
C.Send it to the relevant departments in person.
D.Drive it to hospital as soon as possible.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后两句可知,Eden医生建议我们在遇到受伤的狐蝠时寻求专业帮助。故选B。
B
A new study found some primates (灵长类) are leaving their tree homes and spending more time on the ground.Led by Timothy Eppley,PhD,scientists studied nearly 50 species of monkeys and lemurs (狐猴) to look at the reason behind these changes.
About 15 years ago,Eppley worked with southern bamboo lemurs,which were known to spend most of their days in the trees,feeding on bamboo leaves.However,he was surprised to find these lemurs were spending most time on the ground and had an incredibly diverse diet.
He wondered whether habitat reduction and limited food resource availability were driving them to move to the ground.This inspired him to begin this study.
He reached out to every researcher he could find who may have significant data on primates from Madagascar or the Americas,the two places with almost all tree-dwelling primates.
Eppley examined more than 150,000 hours of data observed on 32 monkey species and 15 lemur species at 68 sites.He found that they spent an average of only 2.5% of their time on the ground each month.But the findings showed some interesting differences.
“As habitats are degraded and the climate worsens,primates that are flexible enough to adapt because of their diverse diets or live in larger groups may be more likely to shift to life on the ground,”Eppley says.“However,other species that rely on fruit diets or live in small groups are less adaptable and are less willing to leave the trees.For these species,we will still need to enforce fast and effective conservation strategies to ensure their survival.”
Although moving to the ground has some advantages in certain situations,primates can face problems when they leave the trees.They can become victims of other animals and diseases.Besides,they will be faced with finding appropriate food resources on the ground,thus having a broad or flexible diet is important.Primates are important seed spreaders within their forest habitats.The loss of primates would lead to negative effects on the ecosystem.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究发现:森林的破坏以及气候变化使得一些灵长类动物被迫选择到地面生活。
(　　)5.Why did Timothy Eppley begin his study
A.To try to make primates more adaptive.
B.To study how monkeys differ from lemurs.
C.To figure out the reason for the loss of bamboo.
D.To find out why primates are turning to the ground.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句以及第二段的最后两句可知,Timothy Eppley开始研究是想找出灵长类动物选择到地面生活的原因。故选D。
(　　)6.How did Timothy Eppley carry out his research
A.By doing experiments.
B.By observing in the wild.
C.By studying collected data.
D.By interviewing the locals.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容以及第四段的第一句可知,Eppley通过分析收集到的数据进行这项研究。故选C。
(　　)7.Which kind of primates are more likely to come down from trees
A.Those eating diverse diets.
B.Those with a large size.
C.Those feeding mainly on fruits.
D.Those living in small groups.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,那些饮食多样化的灵长类动物更倾向于到地面生活。故选A。
(　　)8.What will become a concern according to the study
A.Animals will become less adaptive.
B.The forest ecosystem will become worse.
C.More natural habitats will be lost.
D.More animal-related diseases will appear.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后两句可知,在森林里灵长类动物是植物种子的重要传播者,如果它们到地面栖息,将会影响森林的生态系统。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
In 2014,a Chinese sophomore went to Beijing Zoo with friends for a birthday celebration.
Little did he know that a chance　1　 at the aquarium (水族馆) there would light a lifelong passion.
Fast forward to today,Xu Yitang,a Beijing native,has　2　 to the tropical island of South China’s Hainan Province,where he serves as a coral 　3　 for a Sanya-based tropical biological laboratory attached to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Each day,he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and　4　 the growth and development of the creatures that 　5　 him all those years ago.Xu,who is nicknamed “coral man”,is 　6　 engaged on social media platforms,where he regularly shares visually amazing photos and entertaining videos of corals.He aims to 　7　 individuals to take action in protecting coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and the oceans as a whole.
For Xu,who had been studying Beijing Opera since childhood,becoming a coral conservationist was an　8　 turn of events.After he first saw corals at the aquarium,he began to 　9　 the local market to learn about coral 　10　 from merchants who sell decorative plants,fish and corals.He also 　11　 information online.Before long,he had set up a small fish tank at home and started cultivating a coral.
“The coral organism is quite sensitive to its environment and has extremely high　12　 for water quality,” recalls Xu.“When I started growing coral,its state was not 　13　.” But as Xu gained more 　14　 about coral,including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels,his coral gradually started to flourish.He also learnt that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean,providing a 　15　 for a quarter of all sea creatures.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国学生徐一唐因一次在水族馆内邂逅珊瑚的经历而对珊瑚产生了终生的热爱,以及后来成为一名珊瑚保护主义者的故事。
(　　)1.A.accident B.encounter
C.application D.performance
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文中的“went to Beijing Zoo with friends for a birthday celebration”和第四段中的“After he first saw corals at the aquarium”可知,他和朋友一起去北京动物园庆生,并没有特意计划,他在这里第一次见到了珊瑚,所以是偶然在水族馆遇到(encounter)了珊瑚。故选B。
(　　)2.A.moved B.driven
C.appealed D.signalled
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据空后的“to the tropical island of...as a coral 　3　”可知,身为北京人的徐一唐搬到了(moved)海南省的热带岛屿上工作。故选A。
(　　)3.A.educator B.ambassador
C.artist D.conservationist
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文中的“Xu,who is nicknamed ‘coral man’”和“He aims to...and the oceans as a whole.”可知,他致力于保护珊瑚,所以他是一名珊瑚保护主义者(conservationist)。第四段中的“becoming a coral conservationist”也是提示。故选D。
(　　)4.A.approve B.increase
C.document D.smooth
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空后的“the growth and development of the creatures”可知,这里表示观察和记录(document)珊瑚的生长和发展。故选C。
(　　)5.A.separated B.relieved
C.preserved D.fascinated
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文中的“light a lifelong passion”可知,他对珊瑚深深迷恋(fascinated)。
故选D。
(　　)6.A.actively B.finally
C.universally D.skillfully
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据句中的“where he regularly shares...videos of corals”可知,他经常在社交媒体平台上分享珊瑚的照片和视频,所以他在这些媒体平台上很活跃(actively)。故选A。
(　　)7.A.teach B.arrange
C.encourage D.force
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空后的“individuals to take action...as a whole”可知,他想通过这种方式鼓励(encourage)人们行动起来,保护珊瑚礁和整个海洋。故选C。
(　　)8.A.impractical B.unexpected
C.unfortunate D.unacceptable
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据句中的“For Xu,who had been studying Beijing Opera since childhood”可知,徐一唐从小学习京剧,而现在他却成了一名珊瑚保护主义者,这是意想不到的(unexpected)转变。故选B。
(　　)9.A.frequent B.expand
C.manage D.improve
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据空后的“the local market to learn”可知,他常去光顾(frequent)当地市场,去了解珊瑚养殖的知识。故选A。
(　　)10.A.selling B.observing
C.farming D.decorating
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文中的“started cultivating a coral”可知,他后来开始养殖珊瑚,所以他从商人那里了解珊瑚养殖(farming)的知识。故选C。
(　　)11.A.answered for B.brought in
C.searched for D.gave out
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文中的“learn about coral 　10　”和空后的“information online”可知,他不仅向商人了解珊瑚养殖的知识,还去网上搜索(searched for)信息。故选C。
(　　)12.A.requirements B.reputations
C.periods D.priorities
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据句中的“is quite sensitive to its environment”可知,珊瑚对环境很敏感,所以珊瑚养殖对水质的要求(requirements)很高。故选A。
(　　)13.A.pure B.good
C.confusing D.strict
【答案】 B
【解析】 下句中的But表明前后句之间是转折关系,根据下一句“But as Xu gained more...
started to flourish.”可知,他的珊瑚后来慢慢开始茁壮成长,由此可推知,一开始的时候珊瑚的状态并不好(good)。故选B。
(　　)14.A.evidence B.care
C.equipment D.knowledge
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据句中的“including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels”可知,这里指的是关于珊瑚的知识(knowledge)。故选D。
(　　)15.A.map B.home
C.platform D.container
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据本句语境以及常识可知,珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”,是海洋生物的栖息地,给海洋生物提供了家园(home)。故选B。选择性必修　第二册
Unit 1　Growing up
题组训练(限时35分钟　总分35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
When I was a child,the new year’s activity for my family is dumpling-making,but it’s been years since I’ve last experienced the uniquely carefree comfort and connection I felt during moments.My family has changed a lot,and gatherings like these simply don’t come together with the same ease as they once did.
This year,I came home in the evening to a dark house with pieces missing.I noticed things that I wouldn’t have noticed before,like how my family slept earlier and got up later and how my dog had more trouble jumping up on my bed.After all,it’s easier to become blind to its subtle changes when you occupy it virtually every day of the year,and much harder when you must be exposed to months of accumulated changes all at once.
Personally,the most precious childhood privilege is not the free extra snacks from flight attendants,but the privilege of thinking of the people and relationships around you with a sense of permanence.I mean this in the sense that it escaped my eight-year-old brain to think about how my parents were aging as I did or about the sacrifices they made for me until suddenly,I was an adult as they were.
I’ll turn 20 in a couple of months,so I’ve been seized with a feeling of adulthood,which feels far stronger than the transition into legal adulthood at 18 ever felt.It seems as if the “teen” part of “19” keeps me attached to the same category as the one my newly 13-year-old self occupied,carrying with it a certain comfort in the social allowances made for the immaturity inherent (固有的) to youth.But marching into 20 is different.
I’d so desperately wanted to move away and get a taste of independence upon starting college,but now I know that such freedom comes with loss and responsibility.Now I start to understand the governance of a circularity (循环性) inherent to our lives and have a newfound appreciation for the things that remain the same.
[语篇导读] 本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对于和周围人关系的思考。
(　　)1.What does the underlined word “subtle” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Obvious. B.Sudden.
C.Unusual. D.Unnoticeable.
【答案】 D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词上文“This year,I came home...jumping up on my bed.”以及后文“changes when you occupy it...all at once”可知,作者突然注意到一些不同的事情,以前没有注意到是因为每天都住在这里,变化不明显。由此可推知,画线词意为“不明显的”。故选D。
(　　)2.Which of the following might the author agree with when he was eight
A.Everything would be the same.
B.His parents were becoming old.
C.Free extra snacks were common.
D.His parents had done a lot to him.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,作者8岁时认为一切都会是一样的。
故选A。
(　　)3.In what way are 20-year-olds different according to the author
A.Physical maturity.
B.The social expectation.
C.The loss of freedom.
D.The shift into legal adulthood.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,在作者看来,20岁的人社会期望不同。故选B。
(　　)4.What can be the best title of the passage
A.A Newfound Appreciation for Life
B.The Difference between Teens and Adults
C.My Passing Memories of Childhood
D.My Reflection on the Switch into Adulthood
【答案】 D
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据最后一段内容并结合文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对于和周围人关系的思考可知,D项最适合作本文标题。故选D。
B
(2024-2025学年全国九省10月联考)
The Greek philosopher Heraclitus taught that you can’t step into the same river twice,for you aren’t the same person at each visit,and the water is ever flowing.It is a powerful way to represent the reality that everything is always changing.
Yet so many of us have difficulty adapting to change.We deny it,resist it or attempt to control it,the result of which is almost always some combination of stress,anxiety and burnout.
It doesn’t have to be that way.No doubt,change can,and often does,hurt.But with the right mindset,it can also be a force for growth.It’s not as if we have any choice in the matter.Like it or not,life is change.We’d be wise to shift our position from useless resistance to being in conversation with change instead.
A concept called allostasis can help.Developed in the late 1980s by Peter Sterling and Joseph Eyer,allostasis is defined as “stability through change”.In other words,the way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing,at least to some extent.
From neuroscience to pain science and psychology,allostasis has become the standard model for understanding change in the scientific community.The brain is at its best when it is constantly making new connections.Overcoming pain,be it physical or psychological,is not about resistance (which often worsens the experience) or trying to get back to where you were before a distressing event or situation.It’s about balancing acceptance with problem-solving and moving forward to a new normal.
Yet this concept is still little known to ordinary people and it is time to start practicing it now.Over the past few years,the river of change has been flowing mercilessly,and it shows no signs of letting up.Hardly a decade after the widespread adoption of social media,a new technology that may be far more powerful,artificial intelligence,is being widely used.
It’s like what our friend Heraclitus advised:Take part in change by focusing on what we can control and trying to let go of what we can’t.Our ability to work with these changes is directly related to our life satisfaction.
[语篇导读] 本文是议论文。生命中唯一不变的就是变化。作者认为我们要学会适应无法改变的变化,积极地在变化中成长。
(　　)5.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A.We could have a right mindset.
B.Philosophy exists everywhere.
C.Some people are wiser than others.
D.Change is unavoidable in life.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,一切都在变化。故选D。
(　　)6.How should we deal with changes according to the author
A.Ignore them.
B.Participate in them.
C.Fight against them.
D.Put them under control.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句及最后一段第一句可知,作者认为比较可行的态度是积极参与到变化中来。故选B。
(　　)7.What does the underlined phrase “letting up” in Paragraph 6 probably mean
A.Slowing down.
B.Setting off.
C.Marching on.
D.Pulling in.
【答案】 A
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据画线短语后一句可推断,科技进步还没有放慢的迹象。
故选A。
(　　)8.What is the best title for the text
A.Why Can’t We Adapt to Changes in Life
B.How Can We Increase Our Life Satisfaction
C.Let’s Transform Our Relationship with Change
D.Try to Help the Public to Understand Allostasis
【答案】 C
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文,特别是第三段及第四段可知,作者希望我们能改变心态去适应无法改变的变化,并积极地在变化中成长。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
I had never picked up a camera before my freshman year in 2012,when my journey to an artist began.For four years,I　1　 an art school,where my 　2　 for photography and filmmaking were awakened.
Having seen my first short film,my teacher came over,saying, “You got a good　3　.
Why not consider doing this as your profession I think you’ve got a 　4　 in it”.Then,it clicked.I,therefore,　5　 my bank account and bought my first camera.
Since then,I was amazed by the　6　 the world has to offer.I have to 　7　,though: I,shy and chicken-hearted,tended to capture nature-related scenes,　8　 anything to do with people.
As I was　9　 my way,I started photographing myself,the only one I felt 　10　 with.
The camera soon became my strongest 　11　,serving as the tool for how I expressed myself.
Gradually,I gained enough 　12　 to start taking photos of other people,greatly touched by how I was able to 　13　 the best in them through the lens (镜头).
Each year,I would look back on all of the shots I did that year and would　14　 them to the first one I ever took in my career.Although the progress seemed substantial,I realised the key to growth as an artist is to never be 　15　.This allows me to create progressively better works year after year.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者从2012年以后发现并培养自己对摄影和电影制作的热情的个人经历。
(　　)1.A.designed B.attended
C.assessed D.arranged
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“an art school”可知,此处指作者就读于(attended)一所艺术学校。
故选B。
(　　)2.A.duty B.request
C.passion D.need
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“for photography and filmmaking were awakened”可知,作者对摄影和电影制作的热情(passion)在此处被激发。故选C。
(　　)3.A.heart B.hand
C.eye D.nerve
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上下文语境可知,老师建议作者把这当成职业,说明老师对作者的作品评价很高,get a good eye表示“有很好的审美眼光或观察力”。故选C。
(　　)4.A.future B.memory
C.schedule D.certificate
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“Why not consider doing this as your profession ”可知,老师鼓励作者考虑将此作为职业,表明老师认为作者在这方面有前途(future)。故选A。
(　　)5.A.opened B.closed
C.monitored D.emptied
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“my bank account and bought my first camera”可知,此处表示作者为了购买相机花掉了自己的积蓄,清空了(emptied)银行账户。故选D。
(　　)6.A.beauty B.sound
C.lesson D.chance
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“the world has to offer”可知,作者开始摄影,应是对自然或生活中的美景(beauty)感到惊叹。故选A。
(　　)7.A.admit B.judge
C.conclude D.negotiate
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“I,shy and chicken-hearted...to do with people”可知,此处是作者对自己的性格和拍摄喜好的坦诚陈述,是作者不得不承认(admit)的事实。故选A。
(　　)8.A.envying B.avoiding
C.prioritising D.recording
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“tended to capture nature-related scenes”和下文“anything to do with people”可知,作者由于害羞胆怯,会避开(avoiding)拍摄人物,而选择拍摄自然景观。故选B。
(　　)9.A.winding B.losing
C.shooting D.clearing
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“I started photographing myself”可知,此处指作者在拍摄(shooting)的过程中,开始给自己拍照。故选C。
(　　)10.A.familiar B.comfortable
C.generous D.patient
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“I started photographing myself”可知,由于是给自己拍照,所以作者感到最舒适、自在(comfortable)。故选B。
(　　)11.A.resolve B.voice
C.shoulder D.vision
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“The camera soon became my strongest”和下文“serving as the tool for how I expressed myself”可知,这里是比喻说法,指相机成为作者表达自我的媒介,成为自己最强有力的声音(voice)。故选B。
(　　)12.A.knowledge B.integrity
C.confidence D.insight
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“tended to capture nature-related scenes,　8　 anything to do with people”和下文“to start taking photos of other people”可知,从拍摄自己到拍摄他人,需要克服心理障碍,积累的是信心(confidence)。故选C。
(　　)13.A.bring out B.comment on
C.call for D.take over
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“the best in them through the lens”可知,此处指作者通过摄影技巧捕捉并展现(bring out)被拍摄者的美好特质。故选A。
(　　)14.A.refer B.relate
C.apply D.compare
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“them to the first one I ever took in my career”可知,此处描述作者自我反思和成长的过程,通过比较(compare)不同阶段的作品来衡量进步。故选D。
(　　)15.A.self-conscious B.self-reliant
C.self-centred D.self-content
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“This allows me to...year after year.”可知,此处强调持续进步的态度,不应满足于现状,成长的关键是永远不要自满(self-content)。故选D。Unit 2　Improving yourself
题组训练(限时35分钟　总分35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
My legs were shaking,my heart pounding.As we neared the edge of the cliff (悬崖),I double-checked all my equipment to make sure it was secure.I felt anxious,and I was not eager for my turn as I waited in line with the members of my group.Fear rose from the pit of my stomach as I realised there was no one else to let in front of me.Slowly,I lowered myself to the edge of the nearly 200-foot cliff.My skin shook like a dozen earthquakes when I reached the person who hooked me to the belaying ropes,which kept me from falling.He hooked me up,and I slowly lowered myself over the edge of the cliff,breathed deeply,and went into a sitting position with both feet in front of me.I closed my eyes,took a deep breath,and began to go down.
Panic took over as I reached a point where my feet could no longer touch the rocky wall.The wall was right there,fooling me.My feet made contact with the wall,causing me to turn around.As I slowly began to spin around an interesting thing happened;my panic disappeared suddenly.The beautiful view of the surrounding area overcame me.All the different-sized trees were evergreens,which seemed to blanket the hillside.The forest was filled with life as different types of animals raced across my field of vision.As I looked upwards the sky seemed to open up into a blue vastness.A sense of excitement overtook me.I’d been waiting for this moment,night and day,for one long month,and finally my dream became reality.I began to feel calmer and more relaxed.
As I finally neared the bottom of the cliff,there seemed to be less animal activity.When I looked up,the cliff did not seem so frightening.My feet were shaky when they finally touched the soft and muddy ground.My heart swelled with pride.Travelling on the muddy road,I began the long climb upwards.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者下悬崖的经过以及在此过程中的感受。
(　　)1.How did the author feel when he was about to go down the cliff
A.Excited. B.Eager.
C.Frightened. D.Anxious.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fear rose from the pit of my stomach...in front of me.”可知,轮到作者开始下悬崖的时候,他感到害怕。故选C。
(　　)2.Why did the person hook the author to the belaying ropes
A.To let him go down faster.
B.To place him over the edge.
C.To ensure his safety.
D.To tie him to the tree.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My skin shook...which kept me from falling.”可知,他这样做是为了防止作者掉下去,也就是保证作者的安全。故选C。
(　　)3.When did the author begin to spin around
A.When his feet couldn’t touch the rocky wall.
B.As soon as his feet touched the rocky wall again.
C.When he lowered himself down the cliff.
D.After his feet touched the ground.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句可知,作者的脚接触到了崖壁,这使他转过了身。故选B。
(　　)4.What was the author going to do after going down the cliff
A.Climb up the cliff once more.
B.Go slowly down the mountain.
C.Camp on the soft ground.
D.Climb up the mountain.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,作者继续往山上爬。故选D。
B
(2025·八省联考)
Jim Johnson,a mail carrier,was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland,Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods,just north of downtown Wilmington,where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name;he carried in the groceries;he took note of unlocked doors,offered gardening advice,and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn’t doing all that,Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.
Though the postal service is often disparaged now,the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities,that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine,greeting cards,social security checks,college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
After more than three decades,Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch,a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors,was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before,he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route,Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now,the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop,Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter,and hugs filled with warm memories.
It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route,but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That’s what the postal service means to us.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位深受社区居民爱戴的邮递员Jim Johnson的工作经历和他退休时的感人故事,彰显了邮递员与社区之间的深厚情谊。
(　　)5.What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph
A.He’s open-minded.
B.He’s sharp-eyed.
C.He’s warm-hearted.
D.He’s strong-willed.
【答案】 C　
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,Jim Johnson不仅送邮件,还知道所有孩子和他们宠物的名字,帮忙搬杂货、留意没锁的门、提供园艺方面的建议,还教小男孩们投曲线球的技巧等,这些都体现出他热心肠、乐于助人的特点。故选C。
(　　)6.What does the underlined word “disparaged” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Refused. B.Criticized.
C.Investigated. D.Suspended.
【答案】 B　
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词所在句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now,the trust in local postal service lives on.”可知,逗号前后是转折关系,后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在,那么前半句应该是说邮政服务经常被看不起或被批评。由此可知,画线词disparaged与“Criticized(批评)”意思相近。故选B。
(　　)7.What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work
A.He drove Butch to its owner.
B.He sent presents to his friends.
C.He prepared a retirement party.
D.He said goodbye to the neighbors.
【答案】 D　
【解析】 细节理解题。第三段最后两句提到每到一站,Jim都会接受那些已经成为自己家人的人们的告别祝福。有泪水,有欢笑,有充满温暖回忆的拥抱。由此可知Jim在工作的最后几天除了每天送货外,还向邻居们告别。故选D。
(　　)8.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To remember a respected mail carrier.
B.To record an unforgettable experience.
C.To raise funds for the postal service.
D.To call for harmony in the community.
【答案】 A　
【解析】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Jim Johnson这位邮递员在工作中热心帮助邻里,与大家建立了深厚感情,在他退休33年后,作者依然记得他,表达了对他的怀念。由此推知,作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
How to Become More Creative
Creativity is a skill that can be learnt.So,how can you become more creative
First of all,1.　　 　　 has been well accepted that looking for connections inspires creativity.Things or ideas that seem unrelated are like dots in isolation,and when 2.　　　　(connect),they can form different pictures.This can become much 3.　　 　　 (easy) by acquiring good subject knowledge,developing a broad understanding of human experience,and keeping a note of things you have observed as well as ideas you 4.　　　 　 (come) up with.The more dots you have,the more connections you are capable of making.Another means to improve creativity 5.　　　　(be) to work with others.You don’t have to be creative all on your own.As different people have different mindsets,skills and abilities,sharing ideas and combining their 6.　　 　　(strength) would give rise to new perspectives,ideas and approaches,and ultimately lead to creative innovations.Last but not least,you must be ready to fight the fear of failure,7.　　 　　 is often believed to be one of the biggest obstacles to creativity.
In order to be creative,you need to be willing to take risks.Creativity is about experimenting and 8.　　　　(explore).It is about trial and error.You need to accept that the process of innovation is 9.　　　　 journey in which there will be both right and wrong turns.As long as you can reflect on the mistakes and make corrections accordingly,taking wrong turns is nothing 10.　　　　(fear).
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要说明了如何激发创造力,完善自我,丰富自我。
1.【答案】 it
【解析】 考查固定句型。分析句子结构可知,此处表示“人们普遍认为……”,句型为it be well accepted that...,it作形式主语。故填it。
2.【答案】 connected
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知,此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略句,从句主语是they,即Things or ideas,与从句谓语动词connect之间是被动关系,从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时,常省略从句的主语和be动词。故填connected。
3.【答案】 easier
【解析】 考查形容词的比较级。根据much以及句意可知,此处应用形容词的比较级形式作表语。故填easier。
4.【答案】 have come
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文“you have observed as well as”可知,此处应用现在完成时,从句主语为you,助动词用have。故填have come。
5.【答案】 is
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,主语为Another means to improve creativity,谓语动词应用单数。故填is。
6.【答案】 strengths
【解析】 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知,strength表示“优势”时,为可数名词,再根据空前的their可知,应用复数形式。故填strengths。
7.【答案】 which
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the fear of failure,指物,从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
8.【答案】 exploring
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处作介词about的宾语,且与前面的experimenting并列,应用动名词形式。故填exploring。
9.【答案】 a
【解析】 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,journey为泛指且以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
10.【答案】 to fear
【解析】 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,设空处修饰复合不定代词nothing,应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to fear。Unit 4　Breaking boundaries
以读促写(限时40分钟　总分67分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共10分)
In February 2022,I began learning Chinese.Almost a year later,I found myself in Beijing,the capital of China.Before coming here,I had attended Chinese classes,and I could sense my progress in the language,albeit modest.As you might expect,studying for just one year wasn’t sufficient to claim fluency,and to be honest,I’m not there yet.But full proficiency in the language is not necessary to immerse yourself in and enjoy many attractions of life in China.
The one thing that truly makes me feel comfortable and alleviates loneliness is making friends and engaging in conversation.At Tsinghua University,where I pursued my studies in China,I made friends with many Chinese young people and relished spending time with them,be it for meals or leisure activities.I’ve been delighted to sing Chinese songs with my friends.I felt that connecting with my Chinese peers through a shared passion,such as singing,
was incredibly enjoyable and beautiful.It transcended language barriers and fostered a sense of unity and joy that was truly special.
During breaks from study,I frequently embarked on solo journeys across China.Although I have experienced travelling on overnight trains for over 12 hours several times and explored unfamiliar cities,I never felt fearful or unwelcome as a foreigner.Chinese people are consistently warm and hospitable to foreigners,and willing to engage in conversation.
I once participated in community activities in Northwest China’s Gansu Province to gain a deeper understanding of China’s rural areas and contribute to the development of local communities and education.As a volunteer teacher at a local school,I shared contemporary and traditional culture of my country such as anime,architecture,music and languages with the students.
[语篇导读]本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来中国学习中文的经历。
(　　)1.What is necessary for the author to enjoy attractions of life in China
A.Having proficiency in Chinese.
B.Befriending with foreign tourists.
C.Setting out on journeys alone.
D.Communicating with Chinese locals.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知,与中国的当地人交流是作者享受中国生活的必要条件。故选D。
(　　)2.What does the underlined word “relished” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Advocated. B.Enjoyed.
C.Postponed. D.Avoided.
【答案】 B
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词上文“I made friends with many Chinese young people and”以及下文“spending time with them, be it for meals or leisure activities”可知,作者结交了许多年轻的中国朋友,并享受与他们一起吃饭或进行休闲活动的时间,故画线词意为“享受”。故选B。
(　　)3.How did the author develop the text
A.By listing numbers.
B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparison.
D.By setting questions.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据全文内容,尤其是第二段的第三句以及最后一段的最后一句可推知,作者是通过举例来展开这篇文章的。故选B。
(　　)4.What is the author’s impression of Chinese people
A.Hospitable. B.Cautious.
C.Punctual. D.Smart.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知,作者对中国人的印象是热情好客。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每题1分,共15分)
I invite my 24-person team to a joyful and special dinner at my place.To 　1　 the needs of all my team members,I usually 　2　 different kinds of typical food from different religions.
I think this　3　 reflects the wider philosophy(哲学) of my science lab:we aim to be a
　4　 yet united group of people working in a global scientific network.My lab 　5　 people with different 　6　.One of the most obvious 　7　 is our religions.
Yet when people　8　 my lab,they gather together,first through their common 　9　 for science,and then as they get to know one another and enjoy spare time activities,we become a cohesive (有凝聚力的) team.I am 　10　 this cohesion and the new friendships in my lab,and do my best to encourage them.
I’m also really 　11　,while looking for new members.I interview many people before I 　12　 the right ones for my lab.They must be 　13　 capable(有能力的) of course,but it’s just as important that they’re friendly,interesting and interested in others.They should be prepared to 　14　 various points of view and cultures.
As the person in charge of the lab,I see preserving a variety of cultural backgrounds as an important part of my job.Such an accessible,varied and supportive 　15　 promotes new ideas and scientific breakthroughs.
[语篇导读] 本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者如何使自己的科研团队成为一个包含不同性别和学术背景的有凝聚力的团队。
(　　)1.A.accommodate B.avoid
C.change D.control
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“the needs of all my team members”以及“different kinds of typical food from different religions”可推知,作者准备了丰富多样的晚餐,以顾及(accommodate)所有成员的需求。故选A。
(　　)2.A.enjoy B.throw
C.prepare D.taste
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“different kinds of typical food from different religions”可知,此处表示作者为组员准备(prepare)食物。故选C。
(　　)3.A.dream B.tradition
C.promise D.debate
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上下文语境以及该句中的“reflects the wider philosophy (哲学) of my science lab”可推知,作者认为这种传统(tradition)反映了自己的科学实验室中更广泛的哲学。
故选B。
(　　)4.A.strange B.conservative
C.poor D.diverse
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“yet united group of people working in a global scientific network”可知,此处表示他们的目标是成为一个在全球科学网络中工作的既多元化(diverse)又团结的团队。故选D。
(　　)5.A.gives up B.turns down
C.consists of D.leaves out
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据句意以及该句中的“people with different　6　”可推知,作者的实验室团队由不同背景的人组成,consist of意为“由……组成”。故选C。
(　　)6.A.breakthroughs B.backgrounds
C.ambitions D.hobbies
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“One of the most obvious　7　 is our religions.”可推知,此处表示作者实验室里的人具有不同的背景(backgrounds)。故选B。
(　　)7.A.differences B.recipes
C.requirements D.standards
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文内容以及该句中的“is our religions”可知,成员们其中一个最大的不同之处(differences)是他们的宗教信仰。故选A。
(　　)8.A.visit B.praise
C.join D.aid
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“they gather together”可知,此处指人们加入(join)作者的实验室,聚集在一起。故选C。
(　　)9.A.regret B.charge
C.sympathy D.love
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据句意以及下文“and then as they get to know...a cohesive (有凝聚力的) team”可知,人们加入作者的实验室,首先是凭借着对科学的共同热爱(love)。故选D。
(　　)10.A.surprised at B.proud of
C.interested in D.worried about
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“we become a cohesive (有凝聚力的) team”以及下文“the new friendships in my lab”可知,作者为这种凝聚力和实验室里的新友谊感到自豪,be proud of意为“因……而自豪”。故选B。
(　　)11.A.curious B.casual
C.careful D.relaxed
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“I interview many people before I　12　 the right ones for my lab.”以及语境可推知,此处表示作者在为实验室选择合适的人选之前会进行面试。由此可知,作者是很小心谨慎的(careful)。故选C。
(　　)12.A.thank B.defeat
C.compare D.choose
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“the right ones for my lab”可知,作者通过面试为自己的实验室挑选(choose)合适的人选。故选D。
(　　)13.A.scientifically B.physically
C.mentally D.financially
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文中的“for my lab”以及下文中的“capable (有能力的) of course”,再结合语境可知,此处指招收的成员必须有科学(scientifically)能力。故选A。
(　　)14.A.respect B.protect
C.stand D.doubt
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据语境以及该句中的“various points of view and cultures”可知,此处表示成员们需要尊重(respect)不同的观点和文化。故选A。
(　　)15.A.chance B.position
C.lecture D.environment
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“promotes new ideas and scientific breakthroughs”以及语境可推知,作者认为只有这种无障碍、多样化和支持性的环境(environment)才能促进新思想和科学突破的产生。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The Yingge dance is a combination of opera,dance and Wushu.Typically,the dance
1.　　 　　 (perform) during festivals and celebrations,with dancers wearing colourful costumes and carrying masks,snakes,spears and drums.Its rich history and cultural 2.　　　　 (significant) have earned it the distinction of being classified as a national intangible cultural heritage in China.
On Chinese New Year 2024,a Yingge team 3.　　　　 (consist) of 16 dancers from the Chaoshan region of Guangdong Province gave a wonderful performance in London.The event provided 4.　　　 　 unique opportunity for UK residents to experience the richness and diversity of Chinese culture.
The dance team’s commitment 5.　　　　 their craft was evident in their preparation.
For over a month,they devoted 6.　　 　　 (they) to perfecting their performance,ensuring every step,every gesture,and every beat was in harmony.The dancers,many of 7.　　　　 had more than 15 years of performance experience,showed their devotion to preserving this ancient art form.
So far,the Yingge dance 8.　　 　　 (cross) borders,attracting audiences in foreign countries such as Thailand.The celebration of the Spring Festival has become a global phenomenon,with “Spring Festival Parades” 9.　　　 　 (hold) in several countries each year.Nearly one-fifth of the world’s population now celebrates the Chinese New Year in
10.　　　　 (vary) styles,reflecting the growing influence of Chinese culture worldwide.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了潮汕英歌舞的相关信息,它作为一种传统的中国文化形式,在海内外受到欢迎。
1.【答案】 is performed
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语,描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,主语the dance和动词perform之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且be动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填is performed。
2.【答案】 significance
【解析】 考查名词。设空处为主语,应用名词,表示“意义”,故填significance。
3.【答案】 consisting
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语gave,设空处应用非谓语动词,修饰名词短语a Yingge team,consist和名词短语之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作定语,故填consisting。
4.【答案】 a
【解析】 考查冠词。设空处修饰名词opportunity,表泛指,应用冠词,且unique以辅音音素开头,故填a。
5.【答案】 to
【解析】 考查介词。固定短语commitment to意为“对……的投入”,故填to。
6.【答案】 themselves
【解析】 考查代词。固定短语devote oneself to意为“致力于”,they的反身代词是themselves,故填themselves。
7.【答案】 whom
【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,指代先行词The dancers,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,故填whom。
8.【答案】 has crossed
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语,根据时间状语So far可知,应用现在完成时,主语是the Yingge dance,助动词应用has,故填has crossed。
9.【答案】 held
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。设空处作宾语补足语,和宾语Spring Festival Parades之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,故填held。
10.【答案】 various/varied
【解析】 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词styles,作定语,应用形容词,表示“各种的”,故填various/varied。
1.engage in 参与,从事
2.be delighted to do sth 乐意做某事
3.foster a sense of unity and joy 培养一种团结和喜悦感
4.aim to do sth 旨在做某事;力求做某事
5.consist of 由……组成
6.do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力去做某事
7.devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事
1.a lack of 缺乏/缺少……
2.it is vital to do sth 做某事是至关重要的
3.a growing sense of pride 一种日益增长的自豪感
4.be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶
5.be responsible for 对……负责;是……的原因
6.make a joint effort to do sth 共同努力做某事
7.have a better understanding of 更好地理解……
8.look to 展望;指望,依靠
1.(3分)鉴于中国已经成为当今世界上最具影响力的国家之一,我主张我们所有人都应该尽自己最大努力用英语传播中国文化。(since引导原因状语从句;宾语从句)
Since China has been one of the most influential countries in the world today,I advocate that all of us should do our best to spread Chinese culture in English.
2.(3分)英语在世界各地被广泛使用,所以用英语作为一个很好的工具,让世界各地的人们了解中国文化是至关重要的。(it作形式主语;make+宾语+宾语补足语)
English is widely used all over the world,so it is vital to use English as a good tool to make Chinese culture accessible to people around the globe.
3.(3分)致力于用英语传播中国文化,我们可以建立一个网站,学生们可以在上面用英语发表有关中国文化的文章。(过去分词作状语;定语从句)
Devoted to spreading Chinese culture in English,we can set up a website where students can post articles about Chinese culture in English.
4.(3分)帮助更多的人更好地了解我们的国家和文化,是当代学生的重要使命之一。(动词不定式作表语)
One of the important missions for contemporary students is to help more people have a better understanding of our country and culture.
　　(15分)假设你是班级的英语课代表李华,请根据以下提示,用英文写一份倡议书,提倡全班同学学会用英语向世界传播中国文化。
1.提出倡议;
2.用英语传播中国文化的意义。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
　　One possible version:
Dear fellow students,
Since China has been one of the most influential countries in the world today,I advocate that all of us should do our best to spread Chinese culture in English.
English is widely used all over the world,so it is vital to use English as a good tool to make Chinese culture accessible to people around the globe.Accordingly,as a reward for cultural spreading,our cultural confidence can be better strengthened.
One of the important missions for contemporary students is to help more people have a better understanding of our country and culture.Let’s take action right now.
点津:为Since引导的原因状语从句;
为that引导的宾语从句;
为it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语;
为动词不定式作表语。

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