资源简介

Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　ENLIGHTENING A MIND
维度一：品句填词
1.This means that， for most travellers， the effects of jet lag are less 　　　　　　（严重的） on trips towards the west.
2.The new varieties have very 　　　　　　（生动的） designs and beautiful colors.
3.Since you can’t see clearly， you need to have your e　　　　　　 tested.
4.If your v　　　　　　 is limited， your chances of success are limited.
维度二：词形转换
1.The ballet school offers free places to children who are 　　　　　　（exceptional） talented.
2.A silence in a conversation may also show 　　　　　　　　　（stubborn）， uneasiness or worry.
3.His eyes were wild with 　　　　　　when hearing the 　　　　　　news.（excite）
4.For a long time， people thought that we learned a language only by 　　　　　　（imitate） and association.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 （这是第一次） I had been to China.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （拥有朋友意味着） that you can have someone to talk to so that you don’t feel lonely and depressed.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　For twelve years I’d worked at the hospital.One day they told me I was no longer needed.I understood that it was a cost-cutting move to replace me with someone with less experience and a lower salary.
　　But my understanding didn’t excise the pain of feeling abandoned and useless.At sixty-two， what opportunities existed for someone at my age？ “Dear Lord，” I prayed， “show me the way.” As he often does， he answered through someone else， a fellow health educator at another hospital.When I shared my worries about my future， she told me about a conference she had attended recently.
　　“I’ve just learned the most helpful tool，” she said.“No matter what the situation is， there is an opposite， a benefit.Our typical response is to focus on the losses of job， marriage， home， or even health.Instead， the speaker told us to concentrate on finding what we gained with our loss.” At first， I resisted her advice as I was extremely sad.I missed the meaningful challenges of organizing health education classes for the sick.But as time passed， I grew tired of my sorrow.Maybe I should try my friend’s advice and seek some opposites.
　　Yet it wasn’t until our trip to Africa that I understood the power of opposite thinking.In 2023， we flew eight thousand miles to a village in West Africa.We brought many presents， believing that somehow we could improve the villagers’ lives.Instead， they taught us the opposite.Our lives were the ones that needed improving.
　　Despite living in mud huts without modern conveniences， running water， or sanitation （卫生设备）， the villagers appeared content.Frequently laughing and greeting each other， they truly cared for their neighbors.Although we slept on the ground， I felt a peace I hadn’t known since I left my job.I had expected we would spend our time helping the poor villagers.Instead， they were teaching us that having less meant less to worry about and more time and energy for each other.These wonderful people with a different faith taught me an important lesson that guided me through the darkness of life.
1.What can we learn about the author？（　　）
A.She lacked work experience. B.She demanded higher salary.
C.She was fired by the hospital. D.She didn’t perform well at work.
2.What does the underlined word “excise” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Deepen.　　　　　　　 B.Remove.
C.Classify.　　　　　　　 D.Describe.
3.What did the fellow health educator suggest the author do？（　　）
A.Re-evaluate her situation and find solutions to the failure.
B.Search for inner peace and get rid of the economic darkness.
C.Change her attitude to difficult situations and look on the bright side.
D.Stay positive and concentrate on health care education.
4.What lesson did the author learn from the villagers in Africa？（　　）
A.Face up to the cruel reality of life.
B.Owning more not necessarily adds to our happiness.
C.Fortune favors those who use their judgement.
D.Devoting to volunteering can gain a sense of achievement.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　I understand why people say experience counts.However， when it comes to finding new solutions to problems， 　5　 can be an advantage.Not being limited by conventional thinking frees me up to think differently.
　　I became an engineer 　6　.Despite completing a college course to teach nursery school， I later 　7　 to focus on math.It was a tough decision to leave teaching and pursue my fast-growing 　8　 for math.But with some guidance from a university professor， my education took another 　9　 and I graduated with a degree in engineering.
　　I realized my early lack of experience could be a（n） 　10　.Being a newcomer left me free to ask “stupid” questions.The answer was 　11　 to more experienced members of the team.The people surrounding me were happy — once I had 　12　 the courage — to let me 　13　 them and learn from them.
　　The team spirit was infectious （有感染力的）.My questions were not 　14　 as stupid by colleagues； 　15　 they helped me look at problems from a different angle and consider new approaches.
　　Most inventions begin with a（n） 　16　.When our team sets out to invent something new， we discuss the problem and the possible ways to 　17　 it.It’s a team effort and this is reflected in patent （专利） applications — they represent the team’s ideas， regardless of who 　18　 suggested them.Asking unusual questions helped me develop an inventor’s mind， one that is restricted by standard ways of 　19　 problems.
5.（　）A.inexperience B.inability C.inflexibility D.inaccuracy
6.（　）A.by accident B.in return C.on purpose D.by order
7.（　）A.submitted B.forgot C.failed D.switched
8.（　）A.hate B.panic C.confidence D.passion
9.（　）A.beat B.turn C.risk D.credit
10.（　）A.trouble B.weakness C.advantage D.exception
11.（　）A.deaf B.wrong C.obvious D.traditional
12.（　）A.built up B.taken up C.used up D.torn up
13.（　）A.encourage B.clarify C.question D.suspect
14.（　）A.learned B.appointed C.used D.regarded
15.（　）A.instead B.thus C.therefore D.otherwise
16.（　）A.assumption B.argument C.problem D.conflict
17.（　）A.hide B.handle C.admire D.discover
18.（　）A.accidentally B.politely C.hopefully D.originally
19.（　）A.creating B.approaching C.developing D.experiencing
Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　ENLIGHTENING A MIND
基础知识自测
维度一
1.severe　2.vivid　3.eyesight　4.vocabulary
维度二
1.exceptionally　2.stubbornness　3.excitement； exciting　4.imitation
维度三
1.It was the first time that　2.Having friends means
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。被医院解雇让作者很痛苦，但通过朋友建议的“相反思维”和非洲之行，作者学会了从失去中寻找积极面，体验到简单生活带来的满足和宁静。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的For twelve years ...I was no longer needed.可知，作者被医院解雇了。
2.B　词义猜测题。根据第一段末句和表示转折的But可推知，虽然作者能明白医院的做法，但是这份明白无法消除解雇带来的被抛弃和无用感的痛苦。由此推测，画线词意为“消除，删除”，与remove 意思一致。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中这位健康教育工作者所说No matter what the situation is ...what we gained with our loss.可知，她告诉作者凡事都有另一面，要寻找从失去中得到的东西。由此推断，她建议作者改变对困难处境的态度，看到光明的一面。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，非洲当地村民虽然物质资源匮乏，生活条件艰苦，但他们很满足，生活很快乐，让作者知道所拥有的少意味着所担心的也少。由此推断，作者从非洲村民那里学到了拥有更多不一定会增加我们的幸福。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己的学习就业经历为例，讲述了一个论点“在寻找新问题的解决方案时缺乏经验在某些情况下可以成为一种优势。”因为不受传统思维的限制，能够更自由地思考。
5.A　根据下句可知，没有传统思维的限制，可以自由地思考不同的方式。此处指缺乏经验可以成为一种优势。inexperience缺乏经验；inability无能；inflexibility不灵活；inaccuracy不准确。
6.A　根据下句可知，作者大学专业和教学有关。由此推断，成为一名工程师并不是有意为之。by accident偶然；in return作为回报；on purpose故意；by order按照命令。
7.D　根据上半句Despite completing a college course to teach nursery school以及空后的to focus on math可知，作者大学专业是教授幼儿园，后来转换到数学方面。
8.D　根据上句中的focus on math可知，作者对数学的热情日益增长，所以才决定转而学习数学。
9.B　根据空后的I graduated with a degree in engineering可知，作者的教育又发生了转变，从幼儿教育转换到数学，最后以工程学位毕业。
10.C　根据空前的I realized my early lack of experience及下句可知，作者意识到缺乏经验可以是一种优势。
11.C　根据上句及空后的to more experienced members of the team可知，新手提出的问题对于更有经验的成员来说，答案是显而易见的。
12.A　根据空后的the courage可知，此处指作者鼓起勇气。build up courage意为“鼓起勇气”。take up占据；use up用完；tear up撕毁。
13.C　根据本段第二句中的to ask “stupid” questions可知，此处与ask呼应，指让作者向他们提问。
14.D　根据下句they helped me ...consider new approaches可知，作者的问题并没有被同事们视为愚蠢，反而去帮助他从不同的角度看待问题并找出答案。regard ...as ...意为“把……视为……”。
15.A　根据上句及空后句可知，此处指同事们并没有认为作者的问题是愚蠢的，相反，他们帮助作者从不同的角度看待问题。
16.C　根据下句可知，大多数发明都是从问题开始的。此处的problem在下文中有原词复现。
17.B　根据空前的we discuss the problem and the possible ways可知，遇到问题时会进行讨论并找到处理的方式。
18.D　根据空前的they represent the team’s ideas可知，当问题出现时，团队会进行处理。此处指这些专利代表的是团队的想法，无论是谁最初提起的。
19.B　根据空前的one that is restricted by standard ways可知，此处指不受标准处理问题方法的限制。approach problems意为“处理问题”。
2 / 3(共109张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
LESSON 1　ENLIGHTENING① A MIND
目 录
01
篇章助解·释疑难
02
文本透析·剖语篇
03
核心知识·巧突破
04
课时检测·提能力
篇章助解·释疑难
　　Helen Keller was an exceptionally② special girl.[1]By the time she
was seven years old， she still couldn’t speak， read or write and needed
to have everything done for her.This was because she couldn’t see or
hear.With these severe③ restrictions④ to her communication， Helen’s
behaviour was often unbearable⑤.She was sometimes troublesome⑥，
stubborn⑦ and angry， and had a tendency⑧ to break things when no one
understood her.
　　Helen’s parents got a superb⑨ teacher recommended to them， a
woman named Anne Sullivan.Anne was a teacher and former student at a
school for the blind in Boston.She’d had eyesight⑩ problems early in life
as well so she could relate to Helen’s difficulties.
　　[1]本句为主从复合句。句中By the time引导时间状语从句，意
为“到……时”；主句中含有have sth done结构，意为“要别人为自
己做某事”。
①enlighten vt.启迪；指导，教导
②exceptionally adv.极其，非常
③severe adj.很严重的
④restriction n.限制，规定，约束
⑤unbearable adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的
⑥troublesome adj.引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的
⑦stubborn adj.固执的，执拗的；倔强的
⑧tendency n.倾向
⑨superb adj.极好的，卓越的
⑩eyesight n.视力
relate vi.理解；相联系
　　Anne’s technique to teach Helen language was simple and
straightforward .[2]Anne spelt words by writing on Helen’s hand so
that Helen could get a mental picture of the words.She started with the
word “doll ”.She would let Helen play with the doll， and then spell
the letters “D-O-L-L” on her hand.When they initially did this，
Helen thought it was a game.She wrote about her excitement later in her
book， The Story of My Life：
　　“Running downstairs to my mother， I held up my hand and made
the letters for ‘doll’.I did not know that I was spelling a word or even
that words existed； I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like
imitation .”
　　[2]本句为主从复合句。句中so that引导目的状语从句。
technique n.技巧，手法
straightforward adj.简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的
doll n.玩偶
initially adv.起初
excitement n.兴奋，激动
imitation n.模仿，仿效
　　When they were at the well one day， Anne put one of Helen’s
hands under the stream of water.As the water flowed over Helen’s
hand， Anne spelt out “W-A-T-E-R” into Helen’s other hand.[3]As
Anne wrote on Helen’s hand， Helen suddenly realised that the
movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her
hand.This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy.Finally， she got
the world of words opened up to her.
　　[3]本句为主从复合句。句中As引导时间状语从句；that引导宾
语从句；动词-ing短语flowing over her hand作后置定语，修饰liquid。
stream n.水流
liquid n.液体
precious adj.宝贵的
　　[4]Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very
eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.[5]Children who can
see and hear learn language easily， but for Helen， it was a gradual and
sometimes painful process.However， because Helen was so
enthusiastic about learning， the results were amazing.
　　[4]本句为主从复合句。句中Now that引导原因状语从句。
　　[5]本句为并列复合句。句中but连接两个并列分句，在第一个分
句中，who引导定语从句。
grasp vt.理解，领会
gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的
painful adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的
enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的
　　As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary expanded ， she asked
more and more questions.This soon led her to discover more complex
words and changed her thinking process.[6]Trying to learn the word
“love” was an experience that she remembered well.This is how she
described it in her book：
　　“I remember the morning that I first asked the meaning of the word
‘love’.This was before I knew many words.I had found a few early
violets in the garden and brought them to my teacher ...Miss Sullivan
put her arm gently round me and wrote on my hand， ‘I love Helen.’
‘What is love？’ I asked.She drew me closer to her and said， ‘It is
here，’ pointing to my heart ...Her words puzzled me very much
because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.”
　　Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen， she
kept on trying to understand it.“I smelt the violets in her hand and
asked， half in words， half in signs， a question which meant， ‘Is
love the sweetness of flowers？’ ‘No，’ said my teacher.”
　　When Helen and Anne were outside one day， Helen felt the warmth
of the sun’s rays .She pointed up and asked if that was love.When her
teacher said that it wasn’t， she was confused and disappointed .“I
thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.”
　　[6]本句为主从复合句。句中Trying to learn the word “love”为
动词-ing短语作主语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词experience。
vocabulary n.词汇量
expand vi.& vt.（使）扩大；增加
complex adj.复杂的；难以理解的
violet n.紫罗兰
gently adv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地
puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑
apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的
ray n.（太阳或月亮的）光线
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
　　The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen because it is
such an abstract concept .However， one day as she was working on a
simple task， she had a breakthrough .She was making necklaces with
the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some
mistakes.Because she was uncertain how to fix them， she stopped to
think carefully.As she did this， Anne touched Helen’s forehead and
wrote the word “think” on her hand.“In a flash I knew that the word
was the name of the process that was going on in my head.”
　　[7]It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex
word — a word for something she couldn’t touch. At that moment， her
mind returned to the word “love”.As she thought about its meaning
again， the sun came out.[8]She pointed to the sun and asked her teacher
again if that was love. Anne answered Helen by explaining that love was
like the sun and clouds in a way.
　　“You cannot touch the clouds， you know； but you feel the
rain ...You cannot touch love either； but you feel the sweetness that it
pours into everything.Without love you would not be happy or want to
play.”
　　In that vivid moment， Helen finally understood the beautiful truth
of the word “love”.
　　[7]本句为固定句型：It be＋the＋序数词＋time （that）...，意
为“第……次做……”；句中she couldn’t touch为定语从句，修饰
先行词something，省略了关系代词that。
　　[8]本句为主从复合句。句中if引导宾语从句。
abstract adj.抽象的
concept n.概念；想法
breakthrough n.突破；重大进展
necklace n.项链
forehead n.额，前额
in a flash 瞬间
vivid adj.生动的，逼真的
参考译文
　　海伦·凯勒是一个非常特殊的女孩。她七岁时，仍不会说话，不
能读书也不会写字，一切都需要别人照顾。这是因为她看不见也听不
见。这些严重的障碍限制了海伦的正常交流，也让她的行为常常令人
难以忍受。海伦有时很烦人、很固执，而且很易怒。如果没有人能理
解她的意思，她就会摔东西。
　　海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀老
师。安妮曾是波士顿一所盲人学校的老师，也曾在那儿上过学。她小
时候视力也有障碍，所以更能理解海伦所面临的困境。
　　安妮教海伦学习语言的方法简单明了。她先在海伦手上拼写单
词，使海伦联想到单词的画面。安妮给海伦拼写的第一个词是
“doll”。她先让海伦和洋娃娃玩耍，然后在海伦的手上拼写“D-O-
L-L”。刚开始海伦以为这是在玩游戏。后来在《我的人生故事》一
书中，海伦描述了自己的兴奋之情：
　　“我跑下楼去见我母亲，举起手来，也给她拼写字母组成
‘doll’。可我那时并不知道自己在拼写单词，甚至压根不知道词汇
的存在。我仅仅是亦步亦趋地用手指模仿老师。”
　　一天，她们在井边，安妮把海伦的一只手放在水流下。水缓缓流
过海伦的手掌，安妮在她的另一只手上拼写“W-A-T-E-R”。安妮在
海伦手上写的时候，海伦突然意识到，手指的动作代表的是流过自己
手掌的清凉的液体。这宝贵的知识给她带来希望和快乐。终于，她打
开了语言世界的大门。
　　由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽
可能学以致用。正常的孩子能看、能听，学起语言来很容易。但对海
伦来说，学习语言是个渐进的过程，有时会很痛苦。然而，由于海伦
对学习有极高的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。
　　随着海伦知识和词汇量的不断扩大，她提出的问题也越来越多。
这使她学会了更复杂的单词，从而改变了思维的过程。她很清楚地记
得学习“love”这个单词的难忘经历。在书中她这样描述道：
　　“我记得有一天早上，我第一次问‘love’这个词的含义。那时
我的词汇量还很有限。我在花园里发现了早开的紫罗兰，摘下一些带
给老师……莎莉文老师温柔地搂着我，在我的手上写着：‘我爱海
伦。’‘什么是爱？’我问道。她把我拉到身边，指着我的心脏说，
‘爱在这里。’……她的话令我非常困惑，因为以往我只有触碰到实
际物体才能理解它的意思。”
　　尽管对海伦来说，爱的意义还不明确，但她一直试着理解。“我
闻了闻她手里的紫罗兰，半拼写半比划地问了个问题，意思大概是
‘爱是花朵的香味吗？’‘不，’我的老师回答道。”
　　一天和老师在室外，海伦感受到了阳光的温暖。她指了指太阳，
问老师那是不是爱。当她的老师说不是的时候，她感到困惑和失望。
“我觉得很奇怪，因为我的老师不能给我表示什么是爱。”
　　“think”这个词对海伦来说也很难理解，因为它很抽象。然而有
一天，在做一项简单的任务时，她取得了突破。她正在安妮的帮助下
做项链，这时她发现自己弄错了一部分。海伦不确定该如何解决，便
停下来认真思考。在她思考的时候，安妮点了点海伦的额头，在她的
手上写下“think”这个词。“瞬间我就明白了，我头脑中进行的活动
就是这个词的意思。”
　　那是海伦第一次明白复杂词语的意思——一个她触摸不到的抽象
词语。这时，海伦又想起了“love”。她再次思考“love”是什么意
思，恰巧这时太阳出来了。海伦指着太阳又一次问老师那是不是爱。
安妮解释道，爱在某种程度上就像太阳和云彩。
　　“你知道吗，你摸不到云彩，但是你能感觉到雨……你也触摸不
到爱，但是你能感觉到爱给万物带来的甜蜜。没有爱，你就不会快
乐，也不会想玩耍。”
　　就在那个动人的时刻，海伦终于明白了“love”这个词语蕴含的
美丽的真谛。
文本透析·剖语篇
Step One： Pre-reading
What do you think of education in your daily life？
Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the proper box.（Answers may vary.）
□Education has great social and personal significance.
□It’s important to make education match the learners’ interests and
meet their needs.
□Education is preparation for life.
□Education is life itself.
□Education stresses nothing on cultivating creative minds.
Step Two： While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
　What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A. The process of Helen Keller’s learning words.
B. Anne Sullivan’s methods of teaching Helen Keller.
C. The story between Helen Keller and her teacher Anne Sullivan.
D. Helen Keller’s experience in language learning.
√
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. Why was Anne Sullivan an exceptionally special teacher for Helen
Keller？（　　）
A. Because she needed to have everything done for her.
B. Because she had eyesight problems early in life.
C. Because her behaviour was often unbearable.
D. Because her former students are all blind.
√
2. What is the book， The Story of My Life， mainly about？（　　）
A. Helen’s learning failure.
B. Helen’s learning excitement.
C. Helen’s learning experiences.
D. Helen’s learning motivations.
√
3. How did Helen Keller understand a word before she began to learn the
word “love”？（　　）
A. By reading it repeatedly.
B. By touching something.
C. By watching something.
D. By hearing it repeatedly.
√
4. Which of the following can best describe the Anne Sullivan？（　　）
A. Sympathetic and patient.
B. Clever but lose temper easily.
C. Serious and devoted.
D. Stubborn and troublesome.
√
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Step Three：Post-reading
Ⅰ.品课文佳句
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the action.




（1）Anne spelt words by writing on Helen’s hand so that Helen could
get a mental picture of the words.
（2）Miss Sullivan put her arm gently round me and wrote on my hand，
“I love Helen.”
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences used for
psychological description.





（1）When they initially did this， Helen thought it was a game.
（2）Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to
learn more and use it as much as she could.
（3）She pointed up and asked if that was love.When her teacher said
that it wasn’t， she was confused and disappointed.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1. In a flash I knew that the word was the name of the process that was
going on in my head.
句式分析：本句是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导 从句，
第二个that引导 从句。
自主翻译：

宾语　
定语　
瞬间我就明白了，我头脑中进行的活动就是这个词
的意思。　
2. You cannot touch love either； but you feel the sweetness that it pours
into everything.
句式分析：本句是一个并列复合句。句中but连接两个 分
句；that引导 从句，修饰先行词sweetness。
自主翻译：

并列　
定语　
你也触摸不到爱，但是你能感觉到爱给万物带来的
甜蜜。　
Ⅲ.讨论
1. What do you think of Helen Keller？



2. What do you learn from Helen as a student？


Helen Keller was frustrated，stubborn and troublesome.She got angry
easily when she was not understood.But it was lucky for her to have a
superb teacher，Anne Sullivan，who led her to the world of words.
As a student， I think I should be as brave as Helen to overcome
difficulties in life and study hard and achieve my goal.
核心知识·巧突破
核心词汇集释
1. tendency n.倾向
教材原句　She was sometimes troublesome， stubborn and angry， and
had a tendency to break things when no one understood her.海伦有时很
烦人、很固执，而且很易怒。如果没有人能理解她的意思，她就会摔
东西。
【用法】
（1）have a tendency to do sth　有做某事的倾向
There is a tendency （for sb） to do sth（某人）有做某事的倾向
（2）tend vt. 照顾；照料
vi. 倾向；趋于
tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
tend to/toward（s） ... 倾向于……， 有……的趋势
【佳句】　As a student， it is not unusual that you have a tendency to
get anxious with time going by.（建议信）
作为一名学生，随着时间的流逝，你会变得焦虑，这并不罕见。
【练透】　单句语法填空/语块表达
①In drought regions， plants have a tendency
（develop） deeper roots to access water.
②While I hate to admit it， people always tend （judge） a
person by his or her appearance initially.
③Her writings tend （倾向于） a more philosophical
exploration of life.
to develop　
to judge　
to/towards　
【写美】　完成句子
④In modern society， for people to rely heavily
on technology. （现象介绍）
在现代社会，有一种人们过度依赖技术的倾向。
there is a tendency　
2. relate vi.理解；相联系 vt.联系；讲述
教材原句　She’d had eyesight problems early in life as well so she
could relate to Helen’s difficulties.
她小时候视力也有障碍，所以更能理解海伦所面临的困境。
【用法】
（1）relate to　 与……相关；涉及；谈到
relate sth to sb 向某人讲述某事
（2）related adj. 相关的；有联系的
be related to 与……有关
（3）relation n. 关系；联系
in relation to 关于
【佳句】　It is required that the composition should be related to the
students’ lives. （活动介绍）
要求作文应当与学生们的生活息息相关。
【练透】　语块表达/单句语法填空
①The second paragraph （谈到） the situation in
Scotland.
②He has （relate） experience in the field.
relates to　
related　
【写美】　完成句子
③Paper-cutting ，
and has a history of more than 1，500 years.
剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，与中国的传统文化紧密相关。
is closely related to the traditional culture of China　
3. grasp vt.& n.理解，领会；抓住
教材原句　Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very
eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.由于海伦理解了语言
的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。
【用法】
（1）grasp sb by the hand/arm 抓住某人的手/手臂
（2）have a good grasp of sth 很好地掌握某事
beyond one’s grasp　超出某人的理解能力；为某人力所不及
【佳句】　I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn
traditional Chinese culture further. （建议信）
我希望你（们）能抓住这个机会进一步学习中国传统文化。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He grasped her firmly the arm.
②Despite his efforts， the advanced mathematics concepts
were his grasp.
by　
beyond　
【写美】　完成句子
③ first aid techniques， he was able to help
the injured hiker until the rescue team arrived. （历险脱困）
由于很好地掌握了急救技巧，他能够在救援队到来之前帮助受伤的徒
步旅行者。
Having a good grasp of　
4. painful adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的
教材原句　Children who can see and hear learn language easily， but for
Helen， it was a gradual and sometimes painful process.
正常的孩子能看、能听，学起语言来很容易。但对海伦来说，学习语
言是个渐进的过程，有时会很痛苦。
【用法】
（1）a painful experience/memory 一次痛苦的经历/回忆
（2）pain n.　　　　　　　　　疼痛；痛苦
in pain 疼痛；在苦恼中
take pains to do sth 费力地做某事
【佳句】　Despite his exhaustion and painful leg， he still tried to wave
down a driver for fear that he might lose consciousness at any time.
（动作描写）
尽管他疲惫不堪，腿也很痛，但他还是试图挥手拦下司机，生怕他随
时可能失去知觉。
【练透】　单句语法填空/语块表达
①I shut out the memory which was too （pain） to call
back.
②She cried out （疼痛） when her tooth was pulled out.
painful　
in pain　
【写美】　完成句子
③John his communication skills， practicing
speeches in front of the mirror every day.
约翰费力地提高他的沟通技巧，每天在镜子前练习演讲。
takes pains to improve　
5. enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的
教材原句　However， because Helen was so enthusiastic about
learning， the results were amazing.
然而，由于海伦对学习有极高的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。
【用法】
（1）be enthusiastic about （doing sth）对（做某事）热情
（2）enthusiasm n. 热情；热忱
with enthusiasm 热情地
（3）enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地
【佳句】　The students were enthusiastic about the school trip，
talking about it for weeks in advance. （活动介绍）
学生们非常热衷于学校郊游，提前几周就开始讨论这件事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The children greeted the clown enthusiasm， eager for the
show to start.
②The audience applauded （enthusiastic）after the
performance， showing their appreciation.
with　
enthusiastically　
【写美】　完成句子
③Jenny starting her new project， filled with
innovative ideas.
珍妮对开始她的新项目充满热情，有着许多创新的想法。
is enthusiastic about　
6. puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑 n.谜；智力游戏；疑问
教材原句　Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then
understand anything unless I touched it.
她的话令我非常困惑，因为以往我只有触碰到实际物体才能理解它的
意思。
【用法】
（1）puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索
puzzle sth out 琢磨出……的答案
（2）a puzzle to sb 一件让某人感到困惑的事情
（3）puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
（4）puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
【佳句】　With a look of surprise， Miss White took his
paper.Obviously puzzled， she began to look it over. （心理、动作
描写）
怀特小姐惊讶地接过了他的试卷。显然她很困惑，开始仔细检查。
【练透】　语块表达/单句语法填空
①The sudden change in her best friend’s behavior was
（一件让……感到困惑的事情） Emily.
②Jane spent hours （苦苦思索）the riddle her
teacher had given the class.
③To explain the （puzzle） findings，he offers two
theories.
a puzzle to　
puzzling over/about　
puzzling　
【写美】　完成句子
④ is why she always has so many crazy
ideas. （人物描写）
令莉莉的朋友们困惑的是，为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。
What puzzles Lily’s friends　
7. apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的
教材原句　Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to
Helen， she kept on trying to understand it.尽管对海伦来说，爱的意义
还不明确，但她一直试着理解。
【用法】
（1）It is apparent that ... 显然……
（2）apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然
as is apparently shown/stated in the picture/chart above ...
正如上面图画/图表明显展示/陈述的那样……
【佳句】　It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
（心理描写）
从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。
As is apparently shown in the chart above， there are about 10% students
supporting the idea.
正如上面图表所明确显示的那样，大约10%的学生支持这种观点。
【练透】　单句语法填空
① （apparent）， Elli kept a much clearer head facing
this critical situation.
② is apparently shown in the chart above， there are about 10%
students supporting the idea.
Apparently　
As　
【写美】　一句多译
③显然，他陷入了沉思。
→ （it作形式主语）
→ （副词作状语）
It is apparent that he was lost in thought.　
Apparently， he was lost in thought.　
8. disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
教材原句　When her teacher said that it wasn’t， she was confused and
disappointed.
当她的老师说不是的时候，她感到困惑和失望。
【用法】
（1）be disappointed at/with/by sth　对某事感到失望
be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望
（2）disappoint vt. 使失望/沮丧
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
disappointment n. 失望，沮丧
【佳句】　As the twins looked around them in disappointment， their
father appeared.
当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。
Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize， he
locked himself up in his room.他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自
己锁在房间里。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①People were disappointed the news that the satellite had
been launched unsuccessfully.
②After his attempt， Campbell was disappointed （learn）
that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.
③The weather was （disappoint） during our
vacation.We had planned for sunny days， but it rained every single day.
at/with/by　
to learn　
disappointing　
【写美】 完成句子
④ is his behaviour. （心理描写）
最令我感到失望的是他的行为。
What disappoints me most　
重点句型解构
1. 句型公式：动词-ing （短语）作主语
教材原句　Trying to learn the word “love” was an experience that
she remembered well.
她很清楚地记得学习“love”这个单词的难忘经历。
【用法】
（1）当表语为no use， no good， any good， fun等名词或useless，
nice， good， interesting等形容词时，句首常用it作形式主语，而将
动词-ing（短语）后置，即It is no use/no good/no fun/a waste of
time/ ...doing sth或It is useless/worthwhile/ ...doing sth。
（2）当动词-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语时，通常在动词-ing形式前面
加上一个名词或代词的所有格作动词-ing形式的逻辑主语，构成动词
-ing形式的复合结构。
【品悟】　Going to a British high school for one year was a very
enjoyable and exciting experience for me.（活动介绍）
去英国高中学习一年对我来说是一次非常愉快和令人兴奋的经历。
【写美】　完成句子
① is an important skill today’s students
will need for the future.
学会批判性地思考是当代学生为了未来（的发展）所需要具备的一项
重要技能。
Learning to think critically　
② such matters with her.
和她讨论这些事情是浪费时间。
③ was a great encouragement to us.
他们来帮忙对我们是一个极大的鼓励。
It’s a waste of time discussing　
Their coming to help　
④As Confucius once said， “ ；
thought without learning is dangerous.”
正如孔子所说：“学而不思则罔；思而不学则殆。”
Learning without thought is useless　
2. 句型公式：It be＋the＋序数词＋time＋that从句
教材原句　It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex
word — a word for something she couldn’t touch.那是海伦第一次明白
复杂词语的意思——一个她触摸不到的抽象词语。
【用法】
（1）
这/那是某人第一/二/三/……次做某事
（2）It is （high） time （that） sb did/should do sth
该是某人做某事的时间了
（3）the first/second/third/...time 也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
【品悟】　This is the first time that our school has won the national
basketball championship.
这是我们学校第一次赢得全国篮球锦标赛。
【写美】　完成句子
①It was the first time that
.
这是他第一次参加如此重要的会议。
② you reflected upon your mistakes.
现在是你反思错误的时候了。
③He was not in good health .
我上次见到他时，他身体不好。
he had attended such an important
meeting　
It is time that　
the last time I saw him　
课时检测·提能力
维度一：品句填词
1. This means that， for most travellers， the effects of jet lag are
less （严重的） on trips towards the west.
2. The new varieties have very （生动的） designs and
beautiful colors.
3. Since you can’t see clearly， you need to have your e
tested.
severe　
vivid　
yesight　
4. If your v is limited， your chances of success are limited.
ocabulary　
维度二：词形转换
1. The ballet school offers free places to children who
are （exceptional） talented.
2. A silence in a conversation may also show
（stubborn）， uneasiness or worry.
3. His eyes were wild with when hearing the
news.（excite）
4. For a long time， people thought that we learned a language only
by （imitate） and association.
exceptionally　
stubbornness　
excitement　
exciting　
imitation　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （这是第一次） I had been to China.
2. （拥有朋友意味着） that you can have
someone to talk to so that you don’t feel lonely and depressed.
It was the first time that　
Having friends means　
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　For twelve years I’d worked at the hospital.One day they told me I
was no longer needed.I understood that it was a cost-cutting move to
replace me with someone with less experience and a lower salary.
　　But my understanding didn’t excise the pain of feeling abandoned
and useless.At sixty-two， what opportunities existed for someone at my
age？ “Dear Lord，” I prayed， “show me the way.” As he often
does， he answered through someone else， a fellow health educator at
another hospital.When I shared my worries about my future， she told me
about a conference she had attended recently.
　　“I’ve just learned the most helpful tool，” she said.“No matter
what the situation is， there is an opposite， a benefit.Our typical
response is to focus on the losses of job， marriage， home， or even
health.Instead， the speaker told us to concentrate on finding what we
gained with our loss.” At first， I resisted her advice as I was extremely
sad.I missed the meaningful challenges of organizing health education
classes for the sick.But as time passed， I grew tired of my
sorrow.Maybe I should try my friend’s advice and seek some opposites.
　　Yet it wasn’t until our trip to Africa that I understood the power of
opposite thinking.In 2023， we flew eight thousand miles to a village in
West Africa.We brought many presents， believing that somehow we
could improve the villagers’ lives.Instead， they taught us the
opposite.Our lives were the ones that needed improving.
　　Despite living in mud huts without modern conveniences， running
water， or sanitation （卫生设备）， the villagers appeared
content.Frequently laughing and greeting each other， they truly cared for
their neighbors.Although we slept on the ground， I felt a peace I hadn’t
known since I left my job.I had expected we would spend our time helping
the poor villagers.Instead， they were teaching us that having less meant
less to worry about and more time and energy for each other.These
wonderful people with a different faith taught me an important lesson that
guided me through the darkness of life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。被医院解雇让作者很痛苦，但通过
朋友建议的“相反思维”和非洲之行，作者学会了从失去中寻找积
极面，体验到简单生活带来的满足和宁静。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。被医院解雇让作者很痛苦，但通过
朋友建议的“相反思维”和非洲之行，作者学会了从失去中寻找积
极面，体验到简单生活带来的满足和宁静。
1. What can we learn about the author？（　　）
A. She lacked work experience.
B. She demanded higher salary.
C. She was fired by the hospital.
D. She didn’t perform well at work.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的For twelve years ...I was no
longer needed.可知，作者被医院解雇了。
√
2. What does the underlined word “excise” in paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Deepen. B. Remove.
C. Classify. D. Describe.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第一段末句和表示转折的But可推知，虽
然作者能明白医院的做法，但是这份明白无法消除解雇带来的被抛弃
和无用感的痛苦。由此推测，画线词意为“消除，删除”，与remove
意思一致。
√
3. What did the fellow health educator suggest the author do？（　　）
A. Re-evaluate her situation and find solutions to the failure.
B. Search for inner peace and get rid of the economic darkness.
C. Change her attitude to difficult situations and look on the bright side.
D. Stay positive and concentrate on health care education.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中这位健康教育工作者所说No
matter what the situation is ...what we gained with our loss.可知，她告
诉作者凡事都有另一面，要寻找从失去中得到的东西。由此推断，她
建议作者改变对困难处境的态度，看到光明的一面。
√
4. What lesson did the author learn from the villagers in Africa？
（　　）
A. Face up to the cruel reality of life.
B. Owning more not necessarily adds to our happiness.
C. Fortune favors those who use their judgement.
D. Devoting to volunteering can gain a sense of achievement.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，非洲当地村民虽然物质
资源匮乏，生活条件艰苦，但他们很满足，生活很快乐，让作者知道
所拥有的少意味着所担心的也少。由此推断，作者从非洲村民那里学
到了拥有更多不一定会增加我们的幸福。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　I understand why people say experience counts.However， when it
comes to finding new solutions to problems， 　5　 can be an
advantage.Not being limited by conventional thinking frees me up to think
differently.
　　I became an engineer 　6　.Despite completing a college course to
teach nursery school， I later 　7　 to focus on math.It was a tough
decision to leave teaching and pursue my fast-growing 　8　 for math.But
with some guidance from a university professor， my education took
another 　9　 and I graduated with a degree in engineering.
　　I realized my early lack of experience could be a（n） 　10　.Being
a newcomer left me free to ask “stupid” questions.The answer
was 　11　 to more experienced members of the team.The people
surrounding me were happy — once I had 　12　 the courage — to let
me 　13　 them and learn from them.
　　The team spirit was infectious （有感染力的）.My questions were
not 　14　 as stupid by colleagues； 　15　 they helped me look at
problems from a different angle and consider new approaches.
　　Most inventions begin with a（n） 　16　.When our team sets out
to invent something new， we discuss the problem and the possible ways
to 　17　 it.It’s a team effort and this is reflected in patent （专利）
applications — they represent the team’s ideas， regardless of
who 　18　 suggested them.Asking unusual questions helped me develop
an inventor’s mind， one that is restricted by standard ways of 　19　
problems.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己的学习就业经历为
例，讲述了一个论点“在寻找新问题的解决方案时缺乏经验在某些
情况下可以成为一种优势。”因为不受传统思维的限制，能够更自
由地思考。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己的学习就业经历为
例，讲述了一个论点“在寻找新问题的解决方案时缺乏经验在某些
情况下可以成为一种优势。”因为不受传统思维的限制，能够更自
由地思考。
5. A. inexperience B. inability
C. inflexibility D. inaccuracy
解析：　根据下句可知，没有传统思维的限制，可以自由地思考不
同的方式。此处指缺乏经验可以成为一种优势。inexperience缺乏经
验；inability无能；inflexibility不灵活；inaccuracy不准确。
√
6. A. by accident B. in return
C. on purpose D. by order
解析：　根据下句可知，作者大学专业和教学有关。由此推断，成
为一名工程师并不是有意为之。by accident偶然；in return作为回报；
on purpose故意；by order按照命令。
√
7. A. submitted B. forgot
C. failed D. switched
解析：　根据上半句Despite completing a college course to teach
nursery school以及空后的to focus on math可知，作者大学专业是教授
幼儿园，后来转换到数学方面。
8. A. hate B. panic
C. confidence D. passion
解析：　根据上句中的focus on math可知，作者对数学的热情日益
增长，所以才决定转而学习数学。
√
√
9. A. beat B. turn C. risk D. credit
解析：　根据空后的I graduated with a degree in engineering可
知，作者的教育又发生了转变，从幼儿教育转换到数学，最后以
工程学位毕业。
10. A. trouble B. weakness
C. advantage D. exception
解析：　根据空前的I realized my early lack of experience及下句可
知，作者意识到缺乏经验可以是一种优势。
√
√
11. A. deaf B. wrong
C. obvious D. traditional
解析：　根据上句及空后的to more experienced members of the
team可知，新手提出的问题对于更有经验的成员来说，答案是显
而易见的。
√
12. A. built up B. taken up
C. used up D. torn up
解析：　根据空后的the courage可知，此处指作者鼓起勇气。
build up courage意为“鼓起勇气”。take up占据；use up用完；
tear up撕毁。
13. A. encourage B. clarify
C. question D. suspect
解析：　根据本段第二句中的to ask “stupid” questions可知，此处
与ask呼应，指让作者向他们提问。
√
√
14. A. learned B. appointed
C. used D. regarded
解析：　根据下句they helped me ...consider new approaches可知，
作者的问题并没有被同事们视为愚蠢，反而去帮助他从不同的角度看
待问题并找出答案。regard ...as ...意为“把……视为……”。
15. A. instead B. thus
C. therefore D. otherwise
解析：　根据上句及空后句可知，此处指同事们并没有认为作者的
问题是愚蠢的，相反，他们帮助作者从不同的角度看待问题。
√
√
16. A. assumption B. argument
C. problem D. conflict
解析：　根据下句可知，大多数发明都是从问题开始的。此处的
problem在下文中有原词复现。
17. A. hide B. handle
C. admire D. discover
解析：　根据空前的we discuss the problem and the possible ways可
知，遇到问题时会进行讨论并找到处理的方式。
√
√
18. A. accidentally B. politely
C. hopefully D. originally
解析：　根据空前的they represent the team’s ideas可知，当问题出
现时，团队会进行处理。此处指这些专利代表的是团队的想法，无论
是谁最初提起的。
√
19. A. creating B. approaching
C. developing D. experiencing
解析：根据空前的one that is restricted by standard ways可知，此处指不受标准处理问题方法的限制。approach problems意为“处理问题”。
√
THANKS
演示完毕 感谢观看Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　ENLIGHTENING①A MIND
　　Helen Keller was an exceptionally② special girl.[1]By the time she was seven years old， she still couldn’t speak， read or write and needed to have everything done for her. This was because she couldn’t see or hear.With these severe③ restrictions④ to her communication， Helen’s behaviour was often unbearable⑤.She was sometimes troublesome⑥， stubborn⑦ and angry， and had a tendency⑧ to break things when no one understood her.
　　Helen’s parents got a superb⑨ teacher recommended to them， a woman named Anne Sullivan.Anne was a teacher and former student at a school for the blind in Boston.She’d had eyesight⑩ problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen’s difficulties.
　　Anne’s technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward .[2]Anne spelt words by writing on Helen’s hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words.She started with the word “doll ”.She would let Helen play with the doll， and then spell the letters “D-O-L-L” on her hand.When they initially did this， Helen thought it was a game.She wrote about her excitement later in her book， The Story of My Life：
　　“Running downstairs to my mother， I held up my hand and made the letters for ‘doll’.I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed； I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation .”
　　When they were at the well one day， Anne put one of Helen’s hands under the stream of water.As the water flowed over Helen’s hand， Anne spelt out “W-A-T-E-R” into Helen’s other hand.[3]As Anne wrote on Helen’s hand， Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand.This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy.Finally， she got the world of words opened up to her.
　　[1]本句为主从复合句。句中By the time引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时”；主句中含有have sth done结构，意为“要别人为自己做某事”。
　　[2]本句为主从复合句。句中so that引导目的状语从句。
　　[3]本句为主从复合句。句中As引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句；动词-ing短语flowing over her hand作后置定语，修饰liquid。
　　[4]Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.[5]Children who can see and hear learn language easily， but for Helen， it was a gradual and sometimes painful process.However， because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning， the results were amazing.
　　As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary expanded ， she asked more and more questions.This soon led her to discover more complex words and changed her thinking process.[6]Trying to learn the word “love” was an experience that she remembered well.This is how she described it in her book：
　　“I remember the morning that I first asked the meaning of the word ‘love’.This was before I knew many words.I had found a few early violets in the garden and brought them to my teacher ...Miss Sullivan put her arm gently round me and wrote on my hand， ‘I love Helen.’ ‘What is love？’ I asked.She drew me closer to her and said， ‘It is here，’ pointing to my heart ...Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.”
　　Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen， she kept on trying to understand it.“I smelt the violets in her hand and asked， half in words， half in signs， a question which meant， ‘Is love the sweetness of flowers？’ ‘No，’ said my teacher.”
　　When Helen and Anne were outside one day， Helen felt the warmth of the sun’s rays .She pointed up and asked if that was love.When her teacher said that it wasn’t， she was confused and disappointed .“I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.”
　　[4]本句为主从复合句。句中Now that引导原因状语从句。
　　[5]本句为并列复合句。句中but连接两个并列分句，在第一个分句中，who引导定语从句。
　　[6]本句为主从复合句。句中Trying to learn the word “love”为动词-ing短语作主语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词experience。
　　The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen because it is such an abstract concept .However， one day as she was working on a simple task， she had a breakthrough .She was making necklaces with the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some mistakes.Because she was uncertain how to fix them， she stopped to think carefully.As she did this， Anne touched Helen’s forehead and wrote the word “think” on her hand.“In a flash I knew that the word was the name of the process that was going on in my head.”
　　[7]It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word — a word for something she couldn’t touch. At that moment， her mind returned to the word “love”.As she thought about its meaning again， the sun came out.[8]She pointed to the sun and asked her teacher again if that was love. Anne answered Helen by explaining that love was like the sun and clouds in a way.
　　“You cannot touch the clouds， you know； but you feel the rain ...You cannot touch love either； but you feel the sweetness that it pours into everything.Without love you would not be happy or want to play.”
　　In that vivid moment， Helen finally understood the beautiful truth of the word “love”.
　　[7]本句为固定句型：It be＋the＋序数词＋time （that）...，意为“第……次做……”；句中she couldn’t touch为定语从句，修饰先行词something，省略了关系代词that。
　　[8]本句为主从复合句。句中if引导宾语从句。
①enlighten vt.启迪；指导，教导
②exceptionally adv.极其，非常
③severe adj.很严重的
④restriction n.限制，规定，约束
⑤unbearable adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的
⑥troublesome adj.引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的
⑦stubborn adj.固执的，执拗的；倔强的
⑧tendency n.倾向
⑨superb adj.极好的，卓越的
⑩eyesight n.视力
relate vi.理解；相联系
technique n.技巧，手法
straightforward adj.
简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的
doll n.玩偶
initially adv.起初
excitement n.兴奋，激动
imitation n.模仿，仿效
stream n.水流
liquid n.液体
precious adj.宝贵的
grasp vt.理解，领会
gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的
painful adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的
enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的
vocabulary n.词汇量
expand vi.& vt.（使）扩大；增加
complex adj.复杂的；难以理解的
violet n.紫罗兰
gently adv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地
puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑
apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的
ray n.（太阳或月亮的）光线
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
abstract adj.抽象的
concept n.概念；想法
breakthrough n.突破；重大进展
necklace n.项链
forehead n.额，前额
in a flash 瞬间
vivid adj.生动的，逼真的
参考译文
　　海伦·凯勒是一个非常特殊的女孩。她七岁时，仍不会说话，不能读书也不会写字，一切都需要别人照顾。这是因为她看不见也听不见。这些严重的障碍限制了海伦的正常交流，也让她的行为常常令人难以忍受。海伦有时很烦人、很固执，而且很易怒。如果没有人能理解她的意思，她就会摔东西。 　　海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀老师。安妮曾是波士顿一所盲人学校的老师，也曾在那儿上过学。她小时候视力也有障碍，所以更能理解海伦所面临的困境。 　　安妮教海伦学习语言的方法简单明了。她先在海伦手上拼写单词，使海伦联想到单词的画面。安妮给海伦拼写的第一个词是“doll”。她先让海伦和洋娃娃玩耍，然后在海伦的手上拼写“D-O-L-L”。刚开始海伦以为这是在玩游戏。后来在《我的人生故事》一书中，海伦描述了自己的兴奋之情： 　　“我跑下楼去见我母亲，举起手来，也给她拼写字母组成‘doll’。可我那时并不知道自己在拼写单词，甚至压根不知道词汇的存在。我仅仅是亦步亦趋地用手指模仿老师。” 　　一天，她们在井边，安妮把海伦的一只手放在水流下。水缓缓流过海伦的手掌，安妮在她的另一只手上拼写“W-A-T-E-R”。安妮在海伦手上写的时候，海伦突然意识到，手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉的液体。这宝贵的知识给她带来希望和快乐。终于，她打开了语言世界的大门。 　　由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。正常的孩子能看、能听，学起语言来很容易。但对海伦来说，学习语言是个渐进的过程，有时会很痛苦。然而，由于海伦对学习有极高的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。 　　随着海伦知识和词汇量的不断扩大，她提出的问题也越来越多。这使她学会了更复杂的单词，从而改变了思维的过程。她很清楚地记得学习“love”这个单词的难忘经历。在书中她这样描述道： 　　“我记得有一天早上，我第一次问‘love’这个词的含义。那时我的词汇量还很有限。我在花园里发现了早开的紫罗兰，摘下一些带给老师……莎莉文老师温柔地搂着我，在我的手上写着：‘我爱海伦。’‘什么是爱？’我问道。她把我拉到身边，指着我的心脏说，‘爱在这里。’……她的话令我非常困惑，因为以往我只有触碰到实际物体才能理解它的意思。” 　　尽管对海伦来说，爱的意义还不明确，但她一直试着理解。“我闻了闻她手里的紫罗兰，半拼写半比划地问了个问题，意思大概是‘爱是花朵的香味吗？’‘不，’我的老师回答道。” 　　一天和老师在室外，海伦感受到了阳光的温暖。她指了指太阳，问老师那是不是爱。当她的老师说不是的时候，她感到困惑和失望。“我觉得很奇怪，因为我的老师不能给我表示什么是爱。” 　　“think”这个词对海伦来说也很难理解，因为它很抽象。然而有一天，在做一项简单的任务时，她取得了突破。她正在安妮的帮助下做项链，这时她发现自己弄错了一部分。海伦不确定该如何解决，便停下来认真思考。在她思考的时候，安妮点了点海伦的额头，在她的手上写下“think”这个词。“瞬间我就明白了，我头脑中进行的活动就是这个词的意思。” 　　那是海伦第一次明白复杂词语的意思——一个她触摸不到的抽象词语。这时，海伦又想起了“love”。她再次思考“love”是什么意思，恰巧这时太阳出来了。海伦指着太阳又一次问老师那是不是爱。安妮解释道，爱在某种程度上就像太阳和云彩。 　　“你知道吗，你摸不到云彩，但是你能感觉到雨……你也触摸不到爱，但是你能感觉到爱给万物带来的甜蜜。没有爱，你就不会快乐，也不会想玩耍。” 　　就在那个动人的时刻，海伦终于明白了“love”这个词语蕴含的美丽的真谛。
Step One： Pre-reading
What do you think of education in your daily life？
Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the proper box.（Answers may vary.）
□Education has great social and personal significance.
□It’s important to make education match the learners’ interests and meet their needs.
□Education is preparation for life.
□Education is life itself.
□Education stresses nothing on cultivating creative minds.
Step Two： While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
　What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.The process of Helen Keller’s learning words.
B.Anne Sullivan’s methods of teaching Helen Keller.
C.The story between Helen Keller and her teacher Anne Sullivan.
D.Helen Keller’s experience in language learning.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why was Anne Sullivan an exceptionally special teacher for Helen Keller？（　　）
A.Because she needed to have everything done for her.
B.Because she had eyesight problems early in life.
C.Because her behaviour was often unbearable.
D.Because her former students are all blind.
2.What is the book， The Story of My Life， mainly about？（　　）
A.Helen’s learning failure.
B.Helen’s learning excitement.
C.Helen’s learning experiences.
D.Helen’s learning motivations.
3.How did Helen Keller understand a word before she began to learn the word “love”？（　　）
A.By reading it repeatedly.
B.By touching something.
C.By watching something.
D.By hearing it repeatedly.
4.Which of the following can best describe the Anne Sullivan？（　　）
A.Sympathetic and patient.
B.Clever but lose temper easily.
C.Serious and devoted.
D.Stubborn and troublesome.
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Step Three：Post-reading
Ⅰ.品课文佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the action.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences used for psychological description.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1.In a flash I knew that the word was the name of the process that was going on in my head.
句式分析：本句是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导　　　　从句，第二个that引导　　　　从句。
自主翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.You cannot touch love either； but you feel the sweetness that it pours into everything.
句式分析：本句是一个并列复合句。句中but连接两个　　　　分句；that引导　　　　从句，修饰先行词sweetness。
自主翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.讨论
1.What do you think of Helen Keller？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What do you learn from Helen as a student？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
核心词汇集释
1.tendency n.倾向
教材原句　She was sometimes troublesome， stubborn and angry， and had a tendency to break things when no one understood her.
海伦有时很烦人、很固执，而且很易怒。如果没有人能理解她的意思，她就会摔东西。
【用法】
（1）have a tendency to do sth　有做某事的倾向 There is a tendency （for sb） to do sth （某人）有做某事的倾向 （2）tend vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于 tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend to/toward（s） ... 倾向于……，有……的趋势
【佳句】　As a student， it is not unusual that you have a tendency to get anxious with time going by.（建议信）
作为一名学生，随着时间的流逝，你会变得焦虑，这并不罕见。
【练透】　单句语法填空/语块表达
①In drought regions， plants have a tendency 　　　　　　　　（develop） deeper roots to access water.
②While I hate to admit it， people always tend 　　　　　　　　（judge） a person by his or her appearance initially.
③Her writings tend 　　　　　　　　（倾向于） a more philosophical exploration of life.
【写美】　完成句子
④In modern society， 　　　　　　　　for people to rely heavily on technology.（现象介绍）
在现代社会，有一种人们过度依赖技术的倾向。
2.relate vi.理解；相联系 vt.联系；讲述
教材原句　She’d had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen’s difficulties.
她小时候视力也有障碍，所以更能理解海伦所面临的困境。
【用法】
（1）relate to　　　　　与……相关；涉及；谈到 relate sth to sb 向某人讲述某事 （2）related adj. 相关的；有联系的 be related to 与……有关 （3）relation n. 关系；联系 in relation to 关于
【佳句】　It is required that the composition should be related to the students’ lives. （活动介绍）
要求作文应当与学生们的生活息息相关。
【练透】　语块表达/单句语法填空
①The second paragraph 　　　　　　（谈到） the situation in Scotland.
②He has 　　　　　　（relate） experience in the field.
【写美】　完成句子
③Paper-cutting 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， and has a history of more than 1，500 years.
剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，与中国的传统文化紧密相关。
3.grasp vt.& n.理解，领会；抓住
教材原句　Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。
【用法】
（1）grasp sb by the hand/arm 抓住某人的手/手臂 （2）have a good grasp of sth 很好地掌握某事 beyond one’s grasp　超出某人的理解能力；为某人力所不及
【佳句】　I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. （建议信）
我希望你（们）能抓住这个机会进一步学习中国传统文化。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He grasped her firmly 　　　　　　the arm.
②Despite his efforts， the advanced mathematics concepts were 　　　　　　his grasp.
【写美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　 first aid techniques， he was able to help the injured hiker until the rescue team arrived. （历险脱困）
由于很好地掌握了急救技巧，他能够在救援队到来之前帮助受伤的徒步旅行者。
4.painful adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的
教材原句　Children who can see and hear learn language easily， but for Helen， it was a gradual and sometimes painful process.正常的孩子能看、能听，学起语言来很容易。但对海伦来说，学习语言是个渐进的过程，有时会很痛苦。
【用法】
（1）a painful experience/memory 一次痛苦的经历/回忆 （2）pain n. 疼痛；痛苦 in pain 疼痛；在苦恼中 take pains to do sth 费力地做某事
【佳句】　Despite his exhaustion and painful leg， he still tried to wave down a driver for fear that he might lose consciousness at any time. （动作描写）
尽管他疲惫不堪，腿也很痛，但他还是试图挥手拦下司机，生怕他随时可能失去知觉。
【练透】　单句语法填空/语块表达
①I shut out the memory which was too 　　　　　　（pain） to call back.
②She cried out 　　　　　　　　（疼痛） when her tooth was pulled out.
【写美】　完成句子
③John 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　his communication skills， practicing speeches in front of the mirror every day.
约翰费力地提高他的沟通技巧，每天在镜子前练习演讲。
5.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的
教材原句　However， because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning， the results were amazing.
然而，由于海伦对学习有极高的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。
【用法】
（1）be enthusiastic about （doing sth）对（做某事）热情 （2）enthusiasm n. 热情；热忱 with enthusiasm 热情地 （3）enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地
【佳句】　The students were enthusiastic about the school trip， talking about it for weeks in advance.（活动介绍）
学生们非常热衷于学校郊游，提前几周就开始讨论这件事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The children greeted the clown 　　　　　　enthusiasm， eager for the show to start.
②The audience applauded 　　　　　　（enthusiastic）after the performance， showing their appreciation.
【写美】　完成句子
③Jenny 　　　　　　　　　　starting her new project， filled with innovative ideas.
珍妮对开始她的新项目充满热情，有着许多创新的想法。
6.puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑 n.谜；智力游戏；疑问
教材原句　Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.
她的话令我非常困惑，因为以往我只有触碰到实际物体才能理解它的意思。
【用法】
（1）puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索 puzzle sth out 琢磨出……的答案 （2）a puzzle to sb 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 （3）puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的 be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 （4）puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
【佳句】　With a look of surprise， Miss White took his paper.Obviously puzzled， she began to look it over. （心理、动作描写）
怀特小姐惊讶地接过了他的试卷。显然她很困惑，开始仔细检查。
【练透】　语块表达/单句语法填空
①The sudden change in her best friend’s behavior was 　　　　　　　　（一件让……感到困惑的事情） Emily.
②Jane spent hours 　　　　　　（苦苦思索） the riddle her teacher had given the class.
③To explain the 　　　　　　（puzzle） findings，he offers two theories.
【写美】　完成句子
④　　　　　　　　　　　　 is why she always has so many crazy ideas. （人物描写）
令莉莉的朋友们困惑的是，为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。
7.apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的
教材原句　Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen， she kept on trying to understand it.尽管对海伦来说，爱的意义还不明确，但她一直试着理解。
【用法】
（1）It is apparent that ... 显然…… （2）apparently adv.　显而易见；看来；显然 as is apparently shown/stated in the picture/chart above ... 正如上面图画/图表明显展示/陈述的那样……
【佳句】　It was apparent from her face that she was really upset. （心理描写）
从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。
As is apparently shown in the chart above， there are about 10% students supporting the idea.正如上面图表所明确显示的那样，大约10%的学生支持这种观点。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 （apparent）， Elli kept a much clearer head facing this critical situation.
②　　　　　　 is apparently shown in the chart above， there are about 10% students supporting the idea.
【写美】　一句多译
③显然，他陷入了沉思。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （it作形式主语）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （副词作状语）
8.disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
教材原句　When her teacher said that it wasn’t， she was confused and disappointed.
当她的老师说不是的时候，她感到困惑和失望。
【用法】
（1）be disappointed at/with/by sth　对某事感到失望 be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望 （2）disappoint vt. 使失望/沮丧 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望，沮丧
【佳句】　As the twins looked around them in disappointment， their father appeared.
当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。
Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize， he locked himself up in his room.他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自己锁在房间里。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①People were disappointed 　　　　　　the news that the satellite had been launched unsuccessfully.
②After his attempt， Campbell was disappointed 　　　　　　（learn） that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.
③The weather was 　　　　　　（disappoint） during our vacation.We had planned for sunny days， but it rained every single day.
【写美】　完成句子
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is his behaviour. （心理描写）
最令我感到失望的是他的行为。
重点句型解构
1.句型公式：动词-ing （短语）作主语
教材原句　Trying to learn the word “love” was an experience that she remembered well.
她很清楚地记得学习“love”这个单词的难忘经历。
【用法】
（1）当表语为no use， no good， any good， fun等名词或useless， nice， good， interesting等形容词时，句首常用it作形式主语，而将动词-ing（短语）后置，即It is no use/no good/no fun/a waste of time/ ...doing sth或It is useless/worthwhile/ ...doing sth。 （2）当动词-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语时，通常在动词-ing形式前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格作动词-ing形式的逻辑主语，构成动词-ing形式的复合结构。
【品悟】　Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.（活动介绍）
去英国高中学习一年对我来说是一次非常愉快和令人兴奋的经历。
【写美】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　 is an important skill today’s students will need for the future.
学会批判性地思考是当代学生为了未来（的发展）所需要具备的一项重要技能。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　 such matters with her.
和她讨论这些事情是浪费时间。
③　　　　　　　　　　 was a great encouragement to us.
他们来帮忙对我们是一个极大的鼓励。
④As Confucius once said， “　　　　　　　　　　　　　； thought without learning is dangerous.”
正如孔子所说：“学而不思则罔；思而不学则殆。”
2.句型公式：It be＋the＋序数词＋time＋that从句
教材原句　It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word — a word for something she couldn’t touch.
那是海伦第一次明白复杂词语的意思——一个她触摸不到的抽象词语。
【用法】
（1）这/那是某人第一/二/三/……次做某事 （2）It is （high） time （that） sb did/should do sth该是某人做某事的时间了 （3）the first/second/third/...time 也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
【品悟】　This is the first time that our school has won the national basketball championship.
这是我们学校第一次赢得全国篮球锦标赛。
【写美】　完成句子
①It was the first time that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
这是他第一次参加如此重要的会议。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you reflected upon your mistakes.
现在是你反思错误的时候了。
③He was not in good health 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我上次见到他时，他身体不好。
Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　ENLIGHTENING A MIND
【文本透析·剖语篇】
Step Two
Ⅰ.D
Ⅱ.1－4　BCBA
Ⅲ.1.special　2.seven　3.break things　4.former
5.eyesight　6.difficulties　7.love
Step Three
Ⅰ.1.（1）Anne spelt words by writing on Helen’s hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words.
（2）Miss Sullivan put her arm gently round me and wrote on my hand， “I love Helen.”
2.（1）When they initially did this， Helen thought it was a game.
（2）Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
（3）She pointed up and asked if that was love.When her teacher said that it wasn’t， she was confused and disappointed.
Ⅱ.1.宾语　定语
瞬间我就明白了，我头脑中进行的活动就是这个词的意思。
2.并列　定语
你也触摸不到爱，但是你能感觉到爱给万物带来的甜蜜。
Ⅲ.1.Helen Keller was frustrated，stubborn and troublesome.She got angry easily when she was not understood.But it was lucky for her to have a superb teacher，Anne Sullivan，who led her to the world of words.
2.As a student， I think I should be as brave as Helen to overcome difficulties in life and study hard and achieve my goal.
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①to develop　②to judge　③to/towards
④there is a tendency
2.①relates to　②related
③is closely related to the traditional culture of China
3.①by　②beyond　③Having a good grasp of
4.①painful　②in pain　③takes pains to improve
5.①with　②enthusiastically　③is enthusiastic about
6.①a puzzle to　②puzzling over/about　③puzzling
④What puzzles Lily’s friends
7.①Apparently　②As　③It is apparent that he was lost in thought.； Apparently， he was lost in thought.
8.①at/with/by　②to learn　③disappointing
④What disappoints me most
重点句型解构
1.①Learning to think critically
②It’s a waste of time discussing
③Their coming to help
④Learning without thought is useless
2.①he had attended such an important meeting
②It is time that　③the last time I saw him
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