资源简介

(共28张PPT)
Grammar
learn sentence structures — S+V, S+V+O and S+V+P;
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to
learn verbs — intransitive verbs (vi.), transitive verbs (vt.) and linking verbs (linking v.);
write about one season, using different sentence structures — S+V, S+V+O and S+V+P.









组成句子的成分叫句子成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。
句子成分
句子的基本成分有七种：
subject (主语)
predicate (谓语)
object (宾语)
attribute (定语)
adverbial (状语)
complement (补语)
predicative (表语)
句子的“主角”（谁/什么做动作、是什么）
句子的“核心动作/状态”（由动词担任）
动作的“对象”（跟在行为动词后）
跟在系动词后，“补充说明主语”（是什么/怎么样）
专门修饰名词（常放在名词前）
不改变句子核心，但补充“时间、地点、方式、程度”等细节
补充说明宾语/主语”，让意思更完整
My favourite season
Let’s read and pay attention to the underlined sentences.
What kind of verbs are they
Today we’re going to learn verbs and sentence structures.
Which season do you like best
As for me, I like autumn best. Because when the autumn arrives, the temperature drops. It is not so hot like summer.
And the leaves turn yellow. Everything is beautiful. On sunny autumn days, the sky is blue. I often fly a kite.
linking verbs 连系动词
action verbs 行为动词（实义动词）
动词是谓语部分的核心，不同的动词构成了不同的句子结构。
Verbs and sentence structures
(I)
行为动词有实在的意义，可在句中充当谓语，表示动作或状态。行为动词可分为及物动词 (transitive verbs) 和不及物动词 (intransitive verbs)。
行为动词（实义动词）
不及物动词
及物动词
及物动词或不及物动词
① We all laughed.
② Peter is swimming in the pool now.
③ I hope for her letter anxiously.
不及物动词本身意义完整，不能直接加宾语，如果要加宾语必须在动词后面加上相应的介词。
我们都笑了。
彼得现在正在泳池里游泳。
我巴望着她的回信。
及物动词本身意义不够完整，后面需接宾语。
① His mother cooks dinner every day.
② Kitty will watch a film this Sunday.
他妈妈每天做饭。
基蒂这个星期天会去看电影。
主语+谓语(不及物动词) (S +V)
此句型中“主语+不及物动词/词组”构成句子主体部分，不及物动词后不能直接带宾语。但有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰。
The temperature drops.
1) Class begins.
2) His father has gone abroad.
3) We stopped to have a rest.
地点状语
目的状语
Millie flies a kite.
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 (S+V+O)
此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使句意表达完整。
注意：一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个及物动词，之后可加宾语。
① The girl enjoys playing the piano.
② Children eat ice cream.
He arrived in London yesterday.
由……充当 例句
He has formed the habit of rising early in the morning.
Have you told them anything about the accident
If you add 5 to 5, you get 10.
We may find out the unknown by calculation.
可在句中充当宾语的成分
名词
代词
数词
名词化的形容词
可在句中充当宾语的成分
由……充当 例句
I dislike travelling to work in a very crowded bus every day.
He refused to attend the medical conference.
I wonder whether I should stay or not.
V-ing(短语)
不定式(短语)
从句
疑问词+不定式
She knows what to do next.
① He is a teacher.
② The story sounds very interesting.
③ Her face turned red.
④ China remains unchanged in building good relationships with other countries.
连系动词主要指be动词、感官动词（look、sound、feel、smell、taste）、表示“变，变成”的动词（become、get、grow、turn）、表示“保持”的动词（remain、keep、stay）和表示“似乎”的动词（seem、appear）等。
连系动词本身具有词义，但意义不完整，后需接表语。
他是个教师。
这个故事听起来很有趣。
她的脸变红了。
连系动词
中国同其他国家建立良好关系的决心没有改变。
常见的连系动词：
be动词类：am, is , are , was, were
表示变化类：become, get, turn, grow, go
感官动词类：look, sound, smell, taste, feel
表示延续性的动词：remain, stay, keep
My book is on the desk.
Children grow wiser as they grow.
His voice sounded strange on the phone.
He kept all the money in the bank.
连系动词可以连接主语和修饰主语的形容词短语或名词短语。
The sky is blue.
The leaves turn yellow.
主语+系动词+表语 (S+V+P)
此类型的句子，谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语性质或状态的表语，才能表达完整的意思。
① He became a scientist.
② Dinner smells good.
③ I am at home.
表语可以由
“名词，形容词，介词短语(名形介)”充当。
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+P
vt.
时间状语
vt.
vi.
地点状语
vt.
vi.
adv. 修饰谓语
linking v.
adj. 修饰brown
We can add other parts, such as adverbs, adjectives, etc. to expand sentences.
adv. 修饰谓语
adv. 修饰谓语
Millie is writing about winter. Write down the correct structure for each of her sentences.
A
P85
A
S+V
S+V+P
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+O
S+V+P
主语
主语
主语
主语
主语
主语
谓语(vi.)
连系动词
谓语(vt.)
连系动词
表语
地点状语
宾语
宾语
表语
谓语(vi.)
谓语(vt.)
David is writing about spring. Underline all the verbs in his writing and write the main structure of each sentence.
B
P85
B
S+V+P
S+V+P
S+V
S+V+P
S+V
S+V+O
S+V
vi
be动词
vi.
be动词
vi.
感官动词
vt.
vi.
S+V
Write about one season, using different sentence structures — S+V, S+V+O and S+V+P.
C
P85
C
S + V
主+谓
S + V + O
主+谓+宾
S + V + P
主+谓+表
不及物
及
物
连系动词
谓语
不及物动词：不及物动词不能直接加宾语
及物动词：及物动词后面可以直接加宾语。
be动词
表示“保持”的动词
表示“变，变成”的动词
连系动词
行为动词（实义动词）
表示“似乎”的动词
I. 单项选择。
( ) 1. The pizza smells ______. You’d better not eat it.
A. good B. well
C. bad D. badly
( ) 2. Remember to use sunglasses to stop the sun from ______
directly (直接地) in your eyes.
A. shine B. shining
C. to shine D. to shining
( ) 3. The sentence structure of “The boys play football every
weekend.” is “______”.
A. S+V B. S+V+O
C. S+V+P D. S+V+O+O
C
B
B
( ) 4. To learn a new language is not easy. In the sentence,
which part is the subject (主语)
A. To learn a new language
B. a new language
C. is not easy
D. not easy
( ) 5. Which of the following underlined verbs is a linking
verb (连系动词)
A. I can smell something strange.
B. The plants grow very fast in spring.
C. Andy got first prize in the tennis match.
D. Grandpa Liu is in his eighties but still looks very fit.
A
D
Ⅱ. 根据所给的汉语意思，完成下面的句子。
1. 他们使用机器来快速收割庄稼。
They use machines _____ ________ _____ quickly.
2. 我弟弟使劲一吹 ，蛋糕上的蜡烛全都灭了。
My brother _____ _____, and all the candles on the cake went out.
3. 孩子们正在院子里堆雪人。
The children are _______ _____ _________ in the yard.
4. 不要往地上扔垃圾！
Don’t throw rubbish _____ _____ ______!
5. 稻田在夏末变成一片金黄。
The rice fields _____ ______ ______ in late summer.
to harvest crops
blew hard
making a snowman
on the ground
turn golden yellow
( ) 1. Mary is feeding birds in the park.
( ) 2. The heavy rain finally stopped at 7 pm.
( ) 3. Lucy felt sick the next morning after the party.
( ) 4. Our new class teacher looks very friendly.
( ) 5. The old woman lives alone in the countryside.
( ) 6. Sally bought a beautiful dress yesterday.
Ⅲ. 把方框中句子类型的序号填入相应句子前的括号中。
B
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+P
A
C
C
A
B
1. Can you identify intransitive verbs (vi.), transitive verbs (vt.) and linking verbs (linking v.)
2. Can you identify the sentence structures — S+V, S+V+O and S+V+P
Use different sentence structures — S+V, S+V+O and S+V+P to write about your favourite season.

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