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Unit 3 Family ties
(Reading for writing)
一、单词拼写
根据句意及首字母提示或汉语意思，补全单词，使句子通顺完整。
1. The legend of Pangu is one of the most profound creation m______ in Chinese
culture.
2. At the beginning of the universe, everything was in a state of formless c______.
3. Pangu, a being of c______ size, slept inside the cosmic egg for 18,000 years.
4. The oppressive darkness ignited Pangu's d______ to change the chaotic state.
5. Pangu is regarded as the c______ of heaven and earth in Chinese mythology.
6. The cosmic egg was like a giant, o______ object that no light could pass through.
7. After waking up, Pangu found himself h______ in by thick darkness.
8. The legend of Pangu s______ the stage for the universe's formation as ancient
Chinese envisioned.
9. Pangu slept s______ for thousands of years without making any noise.
10. The creation myth of Pangu has a p______ place in Chinese cultural heritage.
11. Now a lot of foreigners believe in ______ (tradition) Chinese medicine.
12. The girl loves reading. She often sits on the sofa and reads books ______ (quiet).
13. The restaurant has the best food, but its ______ (serve) is not good.
14. There’s nothing ______ (严重的) with Linda.
15. It is a ______ (传统) for my family to have a big dinner on the first day of the
Spring Festival.
16. I’m going to study ______ (在国外) next year.
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17. The old man wasn’t dead. He was still ______ (活着的).
18. I can’t forget those good ______ (记忆).
19. My mother gave me a ______ (吻) before I went to bed.
20. —Who is the ______ (英俊的) man
—He is James Smith. He is an actor.
二、单项选择
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
21. What was the universe like at the very beginning according to the myth （ ）
A. A beautiful garden B. A formless chaos
C. A bright palace D. A quiet village
22. How long did Pangu sleep inside the cosmic egg （ ）
A. 1,800 years B. 8,000 years
C. 18,000 years D. 80,000 years
23. What does the word "colossal" in the text probably mean （ ）
A. Very small B. Extremely large
C. Quite thin D. Rather short
24. Why did Pangu want to change his environment （ ）
A. He felt too cold inside the egg
B. The darkness made him feel oppressed
C. He wanted to find food outside
D. He was bored with sleeping
25. What role does Pangu play in Chinese mythology （ ）
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A. A farmer who grows crops
B. A teacher who spreads knowledge
C. The creator of heaven and earth
D. A warrior who fights monsters
26. The cosmic egg was described as "opaque", which means it ______. （ ）
A. Allows light to pass through B. Cannot be seen through
C. Is very soft to touch D. Has many colors
27. What does the phrase "set the stage for" mean in the text （ ）
A. Build a stage for B. Prepare the foundation for
C. Perform on the stage D. Destroy the stage of
28. How did Pangu feel when he roused from his slumber （ ）
A. Relaxed B. Excited
C. Trapped D. Happy
29. Which of the following is NOT true about the Pangu legend （ ）
A. It is a creation myth
B. It reflects ancient Chinese's vision of the universe
C. Pangu slept for a short time
D. It is profound in Chinese culture
30. What ignited Pangu's determination to transform the chaos （ ）
A. The bright light outside the egg
B. The sound of other beings
C. The oppressive dark environment
D. The smell of food
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三、完成句子
根据句意及提示，补全句子，使句意完整通顺。
31. 盘古开天辟地的传说是中国文化中最原始的创世神话之一。
The legend of Pangu separating heaven and earth is one of the ______ ______
creation myths in Chinese culture.
32. 宇宙最初处于一种无形的混沌状态。
At the very beginning, the universe existed in a state of ______ ______.
33. 盘古在宇宙蛋中无声地睡了一万八千年。
Pangu ______ ______ in the cosmic egg for 18,000 years.
34. 压抑的环境激发了盘古改变现状的决心。
The oppressive environment ______ a fierce ______ within Pangu to change the
situation.
35. 这个神话为古代中国人设想的宇宙形成奠定了基础。
This myth ______ ______ ______ for the universe's formation as ancient Chinese
envisioned.
36. 盘古是一个体型巨大的生物，沉睡在宇宙蛋内部。
Pangu was a being of ______ ______ who slept inside the cosmic egg.
37. 当盘古从沉睡中醒来时，他发现自己被黑暗包围着。
When Pangu ______ ______ his slumber, he found himself hemmed in by darkness.
38. 盘古被视为中国神话中天地的创造者。
Pangu is regarded as ______ ______ of heaven and earth in Chinese mythology.
39. 宇宙蛋像一个巨大的、不透明的蛋。
The cosmic egg was like a ______ ______ egg.
40. 这个古老的传说在中华文化中有着深远的意义。
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This ancient legend has a ______ ______ in Chinese culture.
41. 汤姆是我的名字，史密斯是我的姓。
Tom is my first name and Smith is my ______ ______.
42. 我觉得红色代表好的运气。
I think red ______ ______ good luck.
43. Alan 从不拒绝帮助同班同学。
Alan never ______ ______ ______ his classmates.
44. I say bad words to my best friend Lucy. Lucy always points out my shortcomings.
(用 because 升格)
45. 我很喜欢《第二十条》中的一句台词：“我们办的不是案子，是别人的人生。”
I really like a line from Article 20, “We’re not dealing with cases but ______ ______
______.”
46. 遇到麻烦时哭是没用的。我们最好快速找到出路。
It’s useless to cry when in trouble. We’d better ______ ______ ______ ______
quickly.
47. 汤姆第一次来中国时爱上了这些美食。
Tom fell in love with the delicious food when he came to China ______ ______
______ ______.
48. 上周六杰克待在家里为了考试而学习。
Jack ______ ______ ______ and studied for tests last Saturday.
49. 我们的英语老师对我们很严格，所以我必须每天认真做作业。
Our English teacher ______ ______ ______ us, so I have to do homework carefully
every day.
50. 他昨天因病缺课了。
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He ______ ______ ______ school yesterday because he was ill.
四、完形填空
阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案，使短文通
顺完整。
Passage 1
The story of Pangu is a famous creation myth in China. It tells us how the universe
was formed as ancient Chinese people 51. ______ it.
At first, the whole universe was a 52. ______ mess, just like a giant egg. People called
this "cosmic egg". Inside the egg, there was a huge being named Pangu. He slept 53.
______ for 18,000 years. When he finally woke up, he felt very uncomfortable
because he was 54. ______ by thick darkness. This made him decide to change
everything.
Pangu tried his best to separate the chaos. As time went by, the light part rose up to
become the 55. ______, and the heavy part went down to become the 56. ______. To
keep them separated, Pangu stood between heaven and earth. Every day, he grew
taller, and heaven and earth grew further apart.
After many years, Pangu was very tired and fell down. His body then turned into
different things: his breath became the wind, his eyes became the sun and the moon,
and his bones became mountains.
This myth shows the ancient Chinese's 57. ______ of the universe's origin. It is not
only a story but also a 58. ______ of Chinese culture.
51. A. imagined B. forgot C. avoided D. hated （ ）
52. A. beautiful B. clear C. chaotic D. peaceful （ ）
53. A. noisily B. soundlessly C. excitedly D. worriedly（ ）
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54. A. helped B. protected C. hemmed D. greeted （ ）
55. A. earth B. heaven C. mountain D. river （ ）
56. A. sun B. moon C. sky D. earth （ ）
57. A. vision B. fear C. doubt D. ignorance（ ）
58. A. burden B. symbol C. problem D. mistake （ ）
Passage 2
There are many creation myths around the world, and the legend of Pangu is one of
the most 59. ______ ones in China. It has been passed down for thousands of years
and is deeply rooted in Chinese culture.
The story 60. ______ with a cosmic egg. Inside this egg, Pangu slept for a very long
time. When he woke up, he found himself in a 61. ______ place with no light at all.
He was very angry and wanted to break free from this environment. So he used his
strength to split the egg.
After splitting the egg, the light and light part went up to form the sky, and the 62.
______ and heavy part stayed below to form the ground. Pangu was afraid that
heaven and earth would 63. ______ together again, so he stood between them. He
grew every day to keep them apart.
Finally, Pangu died, but his body 64. ______ into all kinds of things in nature. This is
65. ______ the world was created according to the myth.
The Pangu legend is not just a story; it teaches us about sacrifice and the 66. ______
of nature. It helps us understand how ancient Chinese people thought about the world.
59. A. unimportant B. famous C. boring D. new （ ）
60. A. ends B. deals C. begins D. agrees （ ）
61. A. bright B. dark C. warm D. cool （ ）
62. A. light B. clear C. soft D. dark （ ）
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63. A. come B. break C. run D. fly （ ）
64. A. turned B. fell C. looked D. put （ ）
65. A. why B. how C. when D. where （ ）
66. A. origin B. danger C. color D. size （ ）
五、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
Passage 1
The Cosmic Egg and Pangu's Awakening
At the very beginning of time, the universe was not like what we see today. It was in a
state of formless chaos, which ancient Chinese people compared to a giant, opaque
egg. This special "egg" was called the cosmic egg.
Inside the cosmic egg, there lived a being named Pangu. He was of colossal
size—much bigger than any giant we can imagine. Pangu slept soundlessly inside the
egg for 18,000 years. During this long sleep, nothing changed inside the egg.
One day, Pangu finally roused from his slumber. When he opened his eyes, he could
see nothing but thick, stifling darkness. He felt trapped and uncomfortable. The
oppressive environment made him very angry, and he decided to change this state of
affairs. He wanted to break free from the darkness and create a better world.
Pangu used all his strength to push the chaos around him. Slowly, the lighter parts of
the chaos began to rise up, and the heavier parts started to sink down. The light part
became the sky, and the heavy part became the earth. Pangu was worried that the sky
and earth would come together again, so he stood between them. Every day, Pangu
grew taller, and the sky and earth grew further apart.
After many years, Pangu became very tired. He fell to the ground and died. But even
in death, Pangu continued to create the world. His breath turned into the wind and
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clouds, his eyes became the sun and the moon, his muscles became the mountains, his
blood became the rivers, and his hair became the trees and grass.
This is how the world was created according to the Pangu legend. It is a beloved story
in Chinese culture and shows the ancient Chinese's vision of the universe's origin.
67. What did ancient Chinese compare the initial universe to （ ）
A. A big tree B. A giant egg
C. A deep river D. A high mountain
68. How long did Pangu sleep inside the cosmic egg （ ）
A. 1,800 years B. 8,000 years
C. 18,000 years D. 80,000 years
69. Why did Pangu decide to change his environment （ ）
A. He wanted to find other beings
B. The darkness made him feel trapped
C. He was hungry and needed food
D. He wanted to show his strength
70. What happened to the lighter parts of the chaos （ ）
A. They became the earth
B. They became the sun
C. They rose up to form the sky
D. They turned into rivers
71. What did Pangu's breath become after he died （ ）
A. The wind and clouds
B. The sun and the moon
C. Mountains and hills
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D. Trees and grass
Passage 2
The Cultural Meaning of the Pangu Legend
The legend of Pangu separating heaven and earth is more than just a creation story. It
is a vital part of Chinese culture that has shaped people's ideas for thousands of years.
First, the myth reflects the ancient Chinese's understanding of the universe. In ancient
times, people had little scientific knowledge, so they created myths to explain how the
world began. The Pangu legend tells us that the universe started from chaos and
gradually became ordered. This shows that ancient Chinese believed in a process of
creation and development, not just a sudden appearance of the world.
Second, Pangu is seen as a symbol of sacrifice. He spent 18,000 years sleeping in the
cosmic egg, then used all his strength to separate heaven and earth. Finally, he gave
his life to create the natural world—his body became mountains, rivers, trees, and
other things. This spirit of sacrifice has influenced Chinese culture deeply. People
admire Pangu for his selflessness and often use his story to teach the value of giving.
Third, the legend has become a cultural symbol. It is mentioned in many ancient
Chinese books and has been used in art, music, and literature. For example, painters
often create works showing Pangu splitting the cosmic egg, and poets write poems
about his great deeds. Even today, the Pangu legend is taught in schools to help
children learn about Chinese culture and history.
The Pangu legend is not just a story from the past. It still has meaning for people
today. It reminds us of the importance of creation, sacrifice, and respect for nature. It
also shows that Chinese culture has a long and rich history.
72. What does the Pangu legend reflect about ancient Chinese （ ）
A. Their scientific achievements
B. Their understanding of the universe
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C. Their daily life habits
D. Their military skills
73. Why is Pangu seen as a symbol of sacrifice （ ）
A. He slept for a very long time
B. He created the cosmic egg
C. He gave his life to create the world
D. He fought against monsters
74. How has the Pangu legend influenced Chinese culture （ ）
A. It has been used in art, music, and literature
B. It has changed people's eating habits
C. It has improved scientific research
D. It has created new sports
75. Why is the Pangu legend still taught in schools today （ ）
A. To teach children about scientific facts
B. To help children learn about Chinese culture
C. To make children afraid of darkness
D. To encourage children to sleep more
76. What is the main idea of the passage （ ）
A. How Pangu created the world
B. The life story of Pangu
C. The cultural meaning of the Pangu legend
D. The scientific explanation of the universe's origin
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答案及解析
一、单词拼写
1. 答案：myths
解析：根据语境 “盘古传说是中国文化中最深远的创世神话之一”，“myth” 表示
“神话”，由 “one of” 可知用复数形式。
2. 答案：chaos
解析：原文提到宇宙最初处于 “无形的混沌状态”，“chaos” 意为 “混沌”，符合
句意。
3. 答案：colossal
解析：形容盘古 “体型巨大”，“colossal” 表示 “巨大的”，对应原文描述。
4. 答案：determination
解析：压抑的环境激发了盘古的 “决心”，“determination” 为名词，意为 “决心”。
5. 答案：creator
解析：盘古被视为 “天地的创造者”，“creator” 表示 “创造者”，符合神话内容。
6. 答案：opaque
解析：宇宙蛋是 “不透明的”，“opaque” 意为 “不透明的”，对应原文描述。
7. 答案：hemmed
解析：“hem in” 为固定短语，意为 “包围”，此处用过去分词形式，符合 “被黑
暗包围” 的语境。
8. 答案：set
解析：“set the stage for” 为固定搭配，意为 “为…… 奠定基础”，此处用过去式，
与原文时态一致。
9. 答案：soundlessly
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解析：盘古 “无声地” 睡了数千年，“soundlessly” 为副词，修饰动词 “slept”。
10. 答案：primordial
解析：盘古神话在中国文化遗产中占有 “原始的” 地位，“primordial” 意为 “原
始的”，符合原文表述。
11. 答案：traditional
解析：此处需要形容词修饰 “Chinese medicine”（中药），“tradition”（传统，名
词）的形容词形式是 “traditional”（传统的）。
12. 答案：quietly
解析：此处需要副词修饰动词 “reads”（阅读），“quiet”（安静的，形容词）的
副词形式是 “quietly”（安静地）。
13. 答案：service
解析：形容词性物主代词 “its”（它的）后需接名词，“serve”（服务，动词）的
名词形式是 “service”（服务）。
14. 答案：serious
解析：“严重的” 对应的英文是 “serious”，用于 “there’s nothing serious with...”
（…… 没什么严重的）结构。
15. 答案：tradition
解析：“a” 后接可数名词单数，“传统” 的英文是 “tradition”。
16. 答案：abroad
解析：“在国外” 的英文是 “abroad”，“study abroad” 表示 “出国留学”。
17. 答案：alive
解析：“活着的” 此处用 “alive”，强调 “活着的状态”，在句中作表语。
18. 答案：memories
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解析：“those”（那些）后接可数名词复数，“记忆” 的英文 “memory” 的复数形
式是 “memories”。
19. 答案：kiss
解析：“a” 后接可数名词单数，“吻” 的英文是 “kiss”。
20. 答案：handsome
解析：“英俊的” 对应的英文是 “handsome”，用于修饰名词 “man”（男士）。
二、单项选择
21. 答案：B
解析：根据原文 “the entire universe existed in a state of formless chaos” 可知，宇
宙最初是无形的混沌状态，A. 美丽的花园；C. 明亮的宫殿；D. 安静的村庄，
均不符合，故选 B。
22. 答案：C
解析：原文明确提到 “Pangu... slept soundlessly for 18,000 long years”，即盘古睡
了一万八千年，A、B、D 时间均错误，故选 C。
23. 答案：B
解析：“colossal” 修饰 “size”，结合神话中盘古的形象，意为 “巨大的”，A. 非
常小；C. 相当瘦；D. 相当矮，均不符合，故选 B。
24. 答案：B
解析：由原文 “The oppressive environment ignited a fierce determination within
him” 可知，压抑的黑暗环境激发了盘古改变的决心，A. 太冷；C. 找食物；D. 厌
倦睡觉，均未提及，故选 B。
25. 答案：C
解析：原文开篇指出 “Pangu: The Creator of Heaven and Earth”，即盘古是天地的
创造者，A. 农民；B. 老师；D. 战士，均不符合，故选 C。
26. 答案：B
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解析：“opaque” 意为 “不透明的”，即光线无法穿透，A. 透光；C. 触感软；D. 多
颜色，均不符合，故选 B。
27. 答案：B
解析：“set the stage for” 在文中意为 “为…… 奠定基础”，A. 搭建舞台；C. 登
台表演；D. 破坏舞台，均不符合语境，故选 B。
28. 答案：C
解析：原文提到 “Pangu found himself hemmed in by the thick, stifling darkness”，
“hemmed in” 表示 “被困住”，A. 放松的；B. 兴奋的；D. 开心的，均不符合，
故选 C。
29. 答案：C
解析：原文明确说盘古睡了一万八千年，并非 “短时间”，A、B、D 均符合原文，
故选 C。
30. 答案：C
解析：由 “The oppressive environment ignited a fierce determination within him” 可
知，压抑的黑暗环境激发了他的决心，A. 光线；B. 声音；D. 食物气味，均未
提及，故选 C。
三、完成句子
31. most primordial
解析：“最原始的” 用 “most primordial”，“one of the + 形容词最高级” 表示
“最…… 之一”，符合原文表述。
32. formless chaos
解析：“无形的混沌” 对应原文 “formless chaos”，直接引用核心短语。
33. slept soundlessly
解析：“无声地睡觉” 用 “sleep soundlessly”，由语境可知用一般过去时 “slept”。
34. ignited; determination
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解析：“激发决心” 用 “ignite a determination”，结合原文时态用 “ignited”。
35. set the stage
解析：“为…… 奠定基础” 是固定短语 “set the stage for”，此处用过去式 “set”。
36. colossal size
解析：“体型巨大” 用 “colossal size”，对应原文对盘古的描述。
37. roused from
解析：“从沉睡中醒来” 用 “rouse from slumber”，由语境可知用一般过去时
“roused”。
38. the creator
解析：“…… 的创造者” 用 “the creator of”，特指盘古，加定冠词 “the”。
39. giant opaque
解析：“巨大的、不透明的” 用 “giant opaque”，修饰名词 “egg”，符合原文比喻。
40. profound meaning
解析：“深远的意义” 用 “profound meaning”，体现神话的文化价值。
41. 答案：last name
解析：“姓” 的英文表达是 “last name”，与 “first name（名）” 相对应，所以填 “last
name”。
42. 答案：stands for
解析：“代表” 用 “stand for”，主语 “red” 是第三人称单数，句子是一般现在时，
所以 “stand” 用第三人称单数形式 “stands”，填 “stands for”。
43. 答案：refuses to help
解析：“拒绝做某事” 用 “refuse to do sth.”，主语 “Alan” 是第三人称单数，句子
是一般现在时，所以 “refuse” 用第三人称单数形式 “refuses”，“帮助” 是 “help”，
填 “refuses to help”。
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44. 答案：I say bad words to my best friend Lucy because she always points out my
shortcomings.
解析：原句两个分句存在因果关系，用 “because” 连接后，说明说坏话的原因是
露西总是指出缺点，符合 “升格” 要求，使句子逻辑更清晰。
45. 答案：others' whole lives
解析：“别人的人生” 可翻译为 “others' whole lives”，“others'” 表示 “别人的”，
“whole lives” 表示 “整个人生”，符合台词意思，所以填 “others' whole lives”。
46. 答案：find a way out
解析：“找到出路” 的英文短语是 “find a way out”，“had better” 后接动词原形，
所以填 “find a way out”。
47. 答案：for the first time
解析：“第一次” 的英文短语是 “for the first time”，在句中作状语，所以填 “for the
first time”。
48. 答案：stayed at home
解析：“待在家里” 用 “stay at home”，由 “last Saturday” 可知句子是一般过去时，
“stay” 的过去式是 “stayed”，所以填 “stayed at home”。
49. 答案：is strict with
解析：“对…… 严格” 用 “be strict with”，主语 “Our English teacher” 是第三人
称单数，句子是一般现在时，所以 “be” 动词用 “is”，填 “is strict with”。
50. 答案：was absent from
解析：“缺课” 用 “be absent from school”，由 “yesterday” 可知句子是一般过去
时，主语 “He” 是第三人称单数，所以 “be” 动词用 “was”，填 “was absent
from”。
四、完形填空
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Passage 1
51. 答案：A
解析：神话反映了古代中国人 “想象” 中的宇宙形成，A. 想象；B. 忘记；C. 避
免；D. 讨厌，故选 A。
52. 答案：C
解析：宇宙最初是 “混沌的” 状态，对应原文 “chaos”，A. 美丽的；B. 清晰的；
D. 平静的，故选 C。
53. 答案：B
解析：盘古 “无声地” 睡了很久，对应原文 “soundlessly”，A. 吵闹地；C. 兴奋
地；D. 担忧地，故选 B。
54. 答案：C
解析：“hemmed in” 为固定短语，意为 “被包围”，符合原文语境，A. 帮助；B.
保护；D. 问候，故选 C。
55. 答案：B
解析：轻的部分上升成为 “天”，对应原文 “heaven”，A. 地；C. 山；D. 河，故
选 B。
56. 答案：D
解析：重的部分下沉成为 “地”，对应原文 “earth”，A. 太阳；B. 月亮；C. 天空，
故选 D。
57. 答案：A
解析：神话体现了古代中国人对宇宙起源的 “构想”，A. 构想；B. 恐惧；C. 怀
疑；D. 无知，故选 A。
58. 答案：B
解析：盘古传说成为中国文化的 “象征”，A. 负担；C. 问题；D. 错误，故选 B。
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Passage 2
59. 答案：B
解析：盘古传说是中国 “著名的” 神话之一，A. 不重要的；C. 无聊的；D. 新
的，故选 B。
60. 答案：C
解析：故事 “以…… 开始”，“begin with” 为固定搭配，A. 结束；B. 处理；D. 同
意，故选 C。
61. 答案：B
解析：盘古醒来时处于 “黑暗的” 地方，对应原文 “darkness”，A. 明亮的；C. 温
暖的；D. 凉爽的，故选 B。
62. 答案：D
解析：与 “light（轻的）” 相对，重的部分是 “黑暗的”，A. 轻的；B. 清晰的；
C. 软的，故选 D。
63. 答案：A
解析：盘古担心天地再次 “合拢”，“come together” 为固定短语，A. 来；B. 打
破；C. 跑；D. 飞，故选 A。
64. 答案：A
解析：“turn into” 为固定短语，意为 “变成”，对应原文描述，A. 变成；B. 落下；
C. 看；D. 放，故选 A。
65. 答案：B
解析：神话解释了世界 “如何” 被创造，A. 为什么；C. 何时；D. 何地，故选 B。
66. 答案：A
解析：故事讲述了自然的 “起源”，A. 起源；B. 危险；C. 颜色；D. 尺寸，故
选 A。
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五、阅读理解
Passage 1
67. 答案：B
解析：根据 “ancient Chinese people compared to a giant, opaque egg” 可知，古人
将初始宇宙比作巨蛋，故选 B。
68. 答案：C
解析：原文明确提到 “slept soundlessly for 18,000 long years”，故选 C。
69. 答案：B
解析：由 “He felt trapped and uncomfortable... decided to change this state of affairs”
可知，黑暗让他感到被困，故选 B。
70. 答案：C
解析：根据 “the lighter parts... began to rise up... became the sky” 可知，轻的部分
形成天空，故选 C。
71. 答案：A
解析：原文提到 “his breath became the wind and clouds”，故选 A。
Passage 2
72. 答案：B
解析：由 “the myth reflects the ancient Chinese's understanding of the universe” 可
知，传说反映了古人对宇宙的理解，故选 B。
73. 答案：C
解析：根据 “he gave his life to create the natural world” 可知，盘古牺牲生命创造
世界，故选 C。
74. 答案：A
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解析：原文提到 “used in art, music, and literature”，即传说在艺术、音乐和文学
中被运用，故选 A。
75. 答案：B
解析：由 “taught in schools to help children learn about Chinese culture” 可知，教
学目的是让孩子了解中国文化，故选 B。
76. 答案：C
解析：文章围绕盘古传说的文化意义展开，A、B 为故事内容，D 非文章重点，
故选 C。
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Unit 3 Family ties
(Reading for writing)
一、单词拼写
根据句意及首字母提示或汉语意思，补全单词，使句子通顺完整。
The legend of Pangu is one of the most profound creation m______ in Chinese culture.
At the beginning of the universe, everything was in a state of formless c______.
Pangu, a being of c______ size, slept inside the cosmic egg for 18,000 years.
The oppressive darkness ignited Pangu's d______ to change the chaotic state.
Pangu is regarded as the c______ of heaven and earth in Chinese mythology.
The cosmic egg was like a giant, o______ object that no light could pass through.
After waking up, Pangu found himself h______ in by thick darkness.
The legend of Pangu s______ the stage for the universe's formation as ancient Chinese envisioned.
Pangu slept s______ for thousands of years without making any noise.
The creation myth of Pangu has a p______ place in Chinese cultural heritage.
Now a lot of foreigners believe in ______ (tradition) Chinese medicine.
The girl loves reading. She often sits on the sofa and reads books ______ (quiet).
The restaurant has the best food, but its ______ (serve) is not good.
There’s nothing ______ (严重的) with Linda.
It is a ______ (传统) for my family to have a big dinner on the first day of the Spring Festival.
I’m going to study ______ (在国外) next year.
The old man wasn’t dead. He was still ______ (活着的).
I can’t forget those good ______ (记忆).
My mother gave me a ______ (吻) before I went to bed.
—Who is the ______ (英俊的) man
—He is James Smith. He is an actor.
二、单项选择
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
What was the universe like at the very beginning according to the myth （ ）
A. A beautiful garden B. A formless chaos
C. A bright palace D. A quiet village
How long did Pangu sleep inside the cosmic egg （ ）
A. 1,800 years B. 8,000 years
C. 18,000 years D. 80,000 years
What does the word "colossal" in the text probably mean （ ）
A. Very small B. Extremely large
C. Quite thin D. Rather short
Why did Pangu want to change his environment （ ）
A. He felt too cold inside the egg
B. The darkness made him feel oppressed
C. He wanted to find food outside
D. He was bored with sleeping
What role does Pangu play in Chinese mythology （ ）
A. A farmer who grows crops
B. A teacher who spreads knowledge
C. The creator of heaven and earth
D. A warrior who fights monsters
The cosmic egg was described as "opaque", which means it ______. （ ）
A. Allows light to pass through B. Cannot be seen through
C. Is very soft to touch D. Has many colors
What does the phrase "set the stage for" mean in the text （ ）
A. Build a stage for B. Prepare the foundation for
C. Perform on the stage D. Destroy the stage of
How did Pangu feel when he roused from his slumber （ ）
A. Relaxed B. Excited
C. Trapped D. Happy
Which of the following is NOT true about the Pangu legend （ ）
A. It is a creation myth
B. It reflects ancient Chinese's vision of the universe
C. Pangu slept for a short time
D. It is profound in Chinese culture
What ignited Pangu's determination to transform the chaos （ ）
A. The bright light outside the egg
B. The sound of other beings
C. The oppressive dark environment
D. The smell of food
三、完成句子
根据句意及提示，补全句子，使句意完整通顺。
盘古开天辟地的传说是中国文化中最原始的创世神话之一。
The legend of Pangu separating heaven and earth is one of the ______ ______ creation myths in Chinese culture.
宇宙最初处于一种无形的混沌状态。
At the very beginning, the universe existed in a state of ______ ______.
盘古在宇宙蛋中无声地睡了一万八千年。
Pangu ______ ______ in the cosmic egg for 18,000 years.
压抑的环境激发了盘古改变现状的决心。
The oppressive environment ______ a fierce ______ within Pangu to change the situation.
这个神话为古代中国人设想的宇宙形成奠定了基础。
This myth ______ ______ ______ for the universe's formation as ancient Chinese envisioned.
盘古是一个体型巨大的生物，沉睡在宇宙蛋内部。
Pangu was a being of ______ ______ who slept inside the cosmic egg.
当盘古从沉睡中醒来时，他发现自己被黑暗包围着。
When Pangu ______ ______ his slumber, he found himself hemmed in by darkness.
盘古被视为中国神话中天地的创造者。
Pangu is regarded as ______ ______ of heaven and earth in Chinese mythology.
宇宙蛋像一个巨大的、不透明的蛋。
The cosmic egg was like a ______ ______ egg.
这个古老的传说在中华文化中有着深远的意义。
This ancient legend has a ______ ______ in Chinese culture.
汤姆是我的名字，史密斯是我的姓。
Tom is my first name and Smith is my ______ ______.
我觉得红色代表好的运气。
I think red ______ ______ good luck.
Alan 从不拒绝帮助同班同学。
Alan never ______ ______ ______ his classmates.
I say bad words to my best friend Lucy. Lucy always points out my shortcomings. (用 because 升格)
我很喜欢《第二十条》中的一句台词：“我们办的不是案子，是别人的人生。”
I really like a line from Article 20, “We’re not dealing with cases but ______ ______ ______.”
遇到麻烦时哭是没用的。我们最好快速找到出路。
It’s useless to cry when in trouble. We’d better ______ ______ ______ ______ quickly.
汤姆第一次来中国时爱上了这些美食。
Tom fell in love with the delicious food when he came to China ______ ______ ______ ______.
上周六杰克待在家里为了考试而学习。
Jack ______ ______ ______ and studied for tests last Saturday.
我们的英语老师对我们很严格，所以我必须每天认真做作业。
Our English teacher ______ ______ ______ us, so I have to do homework carefully every day.
他昨天因病缺课了。
He ______ ______ ______ school yesterday because he was ill.
四、完形填空
阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案，使短文通顺完整。
Passage 1
The story of Pangu is a famous creation myth in China. It tells us how the universe was formed as ancient Chinese people 51. ______ it.
At first, the whole universe was a 52. ______ mess, just like a giant egg. People called this "cosmic egg". Inside the egg, there was a huge being named Pangu. He slept 53. ______ for 18,000 years. When he finally woke up, he felt very uncomfortable because he was 54. ______ by thick darkness. This made him decide to change everything.
Pangu tried his best to separate the chaos. As time went by, the light part rose up to become the 55. ______, and the heavy part went down to become the 56. ______. To keep them separated, Pangu stood between heaven and earth. Every day, he grew taller, and heaven and earth grew further apart.
After many years, Pangu was very tired and fell down. His body then turned into different things: his breath became the wind, his eyes became the sun and the moon, and his bones became mountains.
This myth shows the ancient Chinese's 57. ______ of the universe's origin. It is not only a story but also a 58. ______ of Chinese culture.
A. imagined B. forgot C. avoided D. hated （ ）
A. beautiful B. clear C. chaotic D. peaceful （ ）
A. noisily B. soundlessly C. excitedly D. worriedly （ ）
A. helped B. protected C. hemmed D. greeted （ ）
A. earth B. heaven C. mountain D. river （ ）
A. sun B. moon C. sky D. earth （ ）
A. vision B. fear C. doubt D. ignorance（ ）
A. burden B. symbol C. problem D. mistake （ ）
Passage 2
There are many creation myths around the world, and the legend of Pangu is one of the most 59. ______ ones in China. It has been passed down for thousands of years and is deeply rooted in Chinese culture.
The story 60. ______ with a cosmic egg. Inside this egg, Pangu slept for a very long time. When he woke up, he found himself in a 61. ______ place with no light at all. He was very angry and wanted to break free from this environment. So he used his strength to split the egg.
After splitting the egg, the light and light part went up to form the sky, and the 62. ______ and heavy part stayed below to form the ground. Pangu was afraid that heaven and earth would 63. ______ together again, so he stood between them. He grew every day to keep them apart.
Finally, Pangu died, but his body 64. ______ into all kinds of things in nature. This is 65. ______ the world was created according to the myth.
The Pangu legend is not just a story; it teaches us about sacrifice and the 66. ______ of nature. It helps us understand how ancient Chinese people thought about the world.
A. unimportant B. famous C. boring D. new （ ）
A. ends B. deals C. begins D. agrees （ ）
A. bright B. dark C. warm D. cool （ ）
A. light B. clear C. soft D. dark （ ）
A. come B. break C. run D. fly （ ）
A. turned B. fell C. looked D. put （ ）
A. why B. how C. when D. where （ ）
A. origin B. danger C. color D. size （ ）
五、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
Passage 1
The Cosmic Egg and Pangu's Awakening
At the very beginning of time, the universe was not like what we see today. It was in a state of formless chaos, which ancient Chinese people compared to a giant, opaque egg. This special "egg" was called the cosmic egg.
Inside the cosmic egg, there lived a being named Pangu. He was of colossal size—much bigger than any giant we can imagine. Pangu slept soundlessly inside the egg for 18,000 years. During this long sleep, nothing changed inside the egg.
One day, Pangu finally roused from his slumber. When he opened his eyes, he could see nothing but thick, stifling darkness. He felt trapped and uncomfortable. The oppressive environment made him very angry, and he decided to change this state of affairs. He wanted to break free from the darkness and create a better world.
Pangu used all his strength to push the chaos around him. Slowly, the lighter parts of the chaos began to rise up, and the heavier parts started to sink down. The light part became the sky, and the heavy part became the earth. Pangu was worried that the sky and earth would come together again, so he stood between them. Every day, Pangu grew taller, and the sky and earth grew further apart.
After many years, Pangu became very tired. He fell to the ground and died. But even in death, Pangu continued to create the world. His breath turned into the wind and clouds, his eyes became the sun and the moon, his muscles became the mountains, his blood became the rivers, and his hair became the trees and grass.
This is how the world was created according to the Pangu legend. It is a beloved story in Chinese culture and shows the ancient Chinese's vision of the universe's origin.
What did ancient Chinese compare the initial universe to （ ）
A. A big tree B. A giant egg
C. A deep river D. A high mountain
How long did Pangu sleep inside the cosmic egg （ ）
A. 1,800 years B. 8,000 years
C. 18,000 years D. 80,000 years
Why did Pangu decide to change his environment （ ）
A. He wanted to find other beings
B. The darkness made him feel trapped
C. He was hungry and needed food
D. He wanted to show his strength
What happened to the lighter parts of the chaos （ ）
A. They became the earth
B. They became the sun
C. They rose up to form the sky
D. They turned into rivers
What did Pangu's breath become after he died （ ）
A. The wind and clouds
B. The sun and the moon
C. Mountains and hills
D. Trees and grass
Passage 2
The Cultural Meaning of the Pangu Legend
The legend of Pangu separating heaven and earth is more than just a creation story. It is a vital part of Chinese culture that has shaped people's ideas for thousands of years.
First, the myth reflects the ancient Chinese's understanding of the universe. In ancient times, people had little scientific knowledge, so they created myths to explain how the world began. The Pangu legend tells us that the universe started from chaos and gradually became ordered. This shows that ancient Chinese believed in a process of creation and development, not just a sudden appearance of the world.
Second, Pangu is seen as a symbol of sacrifice. He spent 18,000 years sleeping in the cosmic egg, then used all his strength to separate heaven and earth. Finally, he gave his life to create the natural world—his body became mountains, rivers, trees, and other things. This spirit of sacrifice has influenced Chinese culture deeply. People admire Pangu for his selflessness and often use his story to teach the value of giving.
Third, the legend has become a cultural symbol. It is mentioned in many ancient Chinese books and has been used in art, music, and literature. For example, painters often create works showing Pangu splitting the cosmic egg, and poets write poems about his great deeds. Even today, the Pangu legend is taught in schools to help children learn about Chinese culture and history.
The Pangu legend is not just a story from the past. It still has meaning for people today. It reminds us of the importance of creation, sacrifice, and respect for nature. It also shows that Chinese culture has a long and rich history.
What does the Pangu legend reflect about ancient Chinese （ ）
A. Their scientific achievements
B. Their understanding of the universe
C. Their daily life habits
D. Their military skills
Why is Pangu seen as a symbol of sacrifice （ ）
A. He slept for a very long time
B. He created the cosmic egg
C. He gave his life to create the world
D. He fought against monsters
How has the Pangu legend influenced Chinese culture （ ）
A. It has been used in art, music, and literature
B. It has changed people's eating habits
C. It has improved scientific research
D. It has created new sports
Why is the Pangu legend still taught in schools today （ ）
A. To teach children about scientific facts
B. To help children learn about Chinese culture
C. To make children afraid of darkness
D. To encourage children to sleep more
What is the main idea of the passage （ ）
A. How Pangu created the world
B. The life story of Pangu
C. The cultural meaning of the Pangu legend
D. The scientific explanation of the universe's origin
答案及解析
一、单词拼写
答案：myths
解析：根据语境 “盘古传说是中国文化中最深远的创世神话之一”，“myth” 表示 “神话”，由 “one of” 可知用复数形式。
答案：chaos
解析：原文提到宇宙最初处于 “无形的混沌状态”，“chaos” 意为 “混沌”，符合句意。
答案：colossal
解析：形容盘古 “体型巨大”，“colossal” 表示 “巨大的”，对应原文描述。
答案：determination
解析：压抑的环境激发了盘古的 “决心”，“determination” 为名词，意为 “决心”。
答案：creator
解析：盘古被视为 “天地的创造者”，“creator” 表示 “创造者”，符合神话内容。
答案：opaque
解析：宇宙蛋是 “不透明的”，“opaque” 意为 “不透明的”，对应原文描述。
答案：hemmed
解析：“hem in” 为固定短语，意为 “包围”，此处用过去分词形式，符合 “被黑暗包围” 的语境。
答案：set
解析：“set the stage for” 为固定搭配，意为 “为…… 奠定基础”，此处用过去式，与原文时态一致。
答案：soundlessly
解析：盘古 “无声地” 睡了数千年，“soundlessly” 为副词，修饰动词 “slept”。
答案：primordial
解析：盘古神话在中国文化遗产中占有 “原始的” 地位，“primordial” 意为 “原始的”，符合原文表述。
答案：traditional
解析：此处需要形容词修饰 “Chinese medicine”（中药），“tradition”（传统，名词）的形容词形式是 “traditional”（传统的）。
答案：quietly
解析：此处需要副词修饰动词 “reads”（阅读），“quiet”（安静的，形容词）的副词形式是 “quietly”（安静地）。
答案：service
解析：形容词性物主代词 “its”（它的）后需接名词，“serve”（服务，动词）的名词形式是 “service”（服务）。
答案：serious
解析：“严重的” 对应的英文是 “serious”，用于 “there’s nothing serious with...”（…… 没什么严重的）结构。
答案：tradition
解析：“a” 后接可数名词单数，“传统” 的英文是 “tradition”。
答案：abroad
解析：“在国外” 的英文是 “abroad”，“study abroad” 表示 “出国留学”。
答案：alive
解析：“活着的” 此处用 “alive”，强调 “活着的状态”，在句中作表语。
答案：memories
解析：“those”（那些）后接可数名词复数，“记忆” 的英文 “memory” 的复数形式是 “memories”。
答案：kiss
解析：“a” 后接可数名词单数，“吻” 的英文是 “kiss”。
答案：handsome
解析：“英俊的” 对应的英文是 “handsome”，用于修饰名词 “man”（男士）。
二、单项选择
答案：B
解析：根据原文 “the entire universe existed in a state of formless chaos” 可知，宇宙最初是无形的混沌状态，A. 美丽的花园；C. 明亮的宫殿；D. 安静的村庄，均不符合，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：原文明确提到 “Pangu... slept soundlessly for 18,000 long years”，即盘古睡了一万八千年，A、B、D 时间均错误，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：“colossal” 修饰 “size”，结合神话中盘古的形象，意为 “巨大的”，A. 非常小；C. 相当瘦；D. 相当矮，均不符合，故选 B。
答案：B
解析：由原文 “The oppressive environment ignited a fierce determination within him” 可知，压抑的黑暗环境激发了盘古改变的决心，A. 太冷；C. 找食物；D. 厌倦睡觉，均未提及，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：原文开篇指出 “Pangu: The Creator of Heaven and Earth”，即盘古是天地的创造者，A. 农民；B. 老师；D. 战士，均不符合，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：“opaque” 意为 “不透明的”，即光线无法穿透，A. 透光；C. 触感软；D. 多颜色，均不符合，故选 B。
答案：B
解析：“set the stage for” 在文中意为 “为…… 奠定基础”，A. 搭建舞台；C. 登台表演；D. 破坏舞台，均不符合语境，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：原文提到 “Pangu found himself hemmed in by the thick, stifling darkness”，“hemmed in” 表示 “被困住”，A. 放松的；B. 兴奋的；D. 开心的，均不符合，故选 C。
答案：C
解析：原文明确说盘古睡了一万八千年，并非 “短时间”，A、B、D 均符合原文，故选 C。
答案：C
解析：由 “The oppressive environment ignited a fierce determination within him” 可知，压抑的黑暗环境激发了他的决心，A. 光线；B. 声音；D. 食物气味，均未提及，故选 C。
三、完成句子
most primordial
解析：“最原始的” 用 “most primordial”，“one of the + 形容词最高级” 表示 “最…… 之一”，符合原文表述。
formless chaos
解析：“无形的混沌” 对应原文 “formless chaos”，直接引用核心短语。
slept soundlessly
解析：“无声地睡觉” 用 “sleep soundlessly”，由语境可知用一般过去时 “slept”。
ignited; determination
解析：“激发决心” 用 “ignite a determination”，结合原文时态用 “ignited”。
set the stage
解析：“为…… 奠定基础” 是固定短语 “set the stage for”，此处用过去式 “set”。
colossal size
解析：“体型巨大” 用 “colossal size”，对应原文对盘古的描述。
roused from
解析：“从沉睡中醒来” 用 “rouse from slumber”，由语境可知用一般过去时 “roused”。
the creator
解析：“…… 的创造者” 用 “the creator of”，特指盘古，加定冠词 “the”。
giant opaque
解析：“巨大的、不透明的” 用 “giant opaque”，修饰名词 “egg”，符合原文比喻。
profound meaning
解析：“深远的意义” 用 “profound meaning”，体现神话的文化价值。
答案：last name
解析：“姓” 的英文表达是 “last name”，与 “first name（名）” 相对应，所以填 “last name”。
答案：stands for
解析：“代表” 用 “stand for”，主语 “red” 是第三人称单数，句子是一般现在时，所以 “stand” 用第三人称单数形式 “stands”，填 “stands for”。
答案：refuses to help
解析：“拒绝做某事” 用 “refuse to do sth.”，主语 “Alan” 是第三人称单数，句子是一般现在时，所以 “refuse” 用第三人称单数形式 “refuses”，“帮助” 是 “help”，填 “refuses to help”。
答案：I say bad words to my best friend Lucy because she always points out my shortcomings.
解析：原句两个分句存在因果关系，用 “because” 连接后，说明说坏话的原因是露西总是指出缺点，符合 “升格” 要求，使句子逻辑更清晰。
答案：others' whole lives
解析：“别人的人生” 可翻译为 “others' whole lives”，“others'” 表示 “别人的”，“whole lives” 表示 “整个人生”，符合台词意思，所以填 “others' whole lives”。
答案：find a way out
解析：“找到出路” 的英文短语是 “find a way out”，“had better” 后接动词原形，所以填 “find a way out”。
答案：for the first time
解析：“第一次” 的英文短语是 “for the first time”，在句中作状语，所以填 “for the first time”。
答案：stayed at home
解析：“待在家里” 用 “stay at home”，由 “last Saturday” 可知句子是一般过去时，“stay” 的过去式是 “stayed”，所以填 “stayed at home”。
答案：is strict with
解析：“对…… 严格” 用 “be strict with”，主语 “Our English teacher” 是第三人称单数，句子是一般现在时，所以 “be” 动词用 “is”，填 “is strict with”。
答案：was absent from
解析：“缺课” 用 “be absent from school”，由 “yesterday” 可知句子是一般过去时，主语 “He” 是第三人称单数，所以 “be” 动词用 “was”，填 “was absent from”。
四、完形填空
Passage 1
答案：A
解析：神话反映了古代中国人 “想象” 中的宇宙形成，A. 想象；B. 忘记；C. 避免；D. 讨厌，故选 A。
答案：C
解析：宇宙最初是 “混沌的” 状态，对应原文 “chaos”，A. 美丽的；B. 清晰的；D. 平静的，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：盘古 “无声地” 睡了很久，对应原文 “soundlessly”，A. 吵闹地；C. 兴奋地；D. 担忧地，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：“hemmed in” 为固定短语，意为 “被包围”，符合原文语境，A. 帮助；B. 保护；D. 问候，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：轻的部分上升成为 “天”，对应原文 “heaven”，A. 地；C. 山；D. 河，故选 B。
答案：D
解析：重的部分下沉成为 “地”，对应原文 “earth”，A. 太阳；B. 月亮；C. 天空，故选 D。
答案：A
解析：神话体现了古代中国人对宇宙起源的 “构想”，A. 构想；B. 恐惧；C. 怀疑；D. 无知，故选 A。
答案：B
解析：盘古传说成为中国文化的 “象征”，A. 负担；C. 问题；D. 错误，故选 B。
Passage 2
答案：B
解析：盘古传说是中国 “著名的” 神话之一，A. 不重要的；C. 无聊的；D. 新的，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：故事 “以…… 开始”，“begin with” 为固定搭配，A. 结束；B. 处理；D. 同意，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：盘古醒来时处于 “黑暗的” 地方，对应原文 “darkness”，A. 明亮的；C. 温暖的；D. 凉爽的，故选 B。
答案：D
解析：与 “light（轻的）” 相对，重的部分是 “黑暗的”，A. 轻的；B. 清晰的；C. 软的，故选 D。
答案：A
解析：盘古担心天地再次 “合拢”，“come together” 为固定短语，A. 来；B. 打破；C. 跑；D. 飞，故选 A。
答案：A
解析：“turn into” 为固定短语，意为 “变成”，对应原文描述，A. 变成；B. 落下；C. 看；D. 放，故选 A。
答案：B
解析：神话解释了世界 “如何” 被创造，A. 为什么；C. 何时；D. 何地，故选 B。
答案：A
解析：故事讲述了自然的 “起源”，A. 起源；B. 危险；C. 颜色；D. 尺寸，故选 A。
五、阅读理解
Passage 1
答案：B
解析：根据 “ancient Chinese people compared to a giant, opaque egg” 可知，古人将初始宇宙比作巨蛋，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：原文明确提到 “slept soundlessly for 18,000 long years”，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：由 “He felt trapped and uncomfortable... decided to change this state of affairs” 可知，黑暗让他感到被困，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：根据 “the lighter parts... began to rise up... became the sky” 可知，轻的部分形成天空，故选 C。
答案：A
解析：原文提到 “his breath became the wind and clouds”，故选 A。
Passage 2
答案：B
解析：由 “the myth reflects the ancient Chinese's understanding of the universe” 可知，传说反映了古人对宇宙的理解，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：根据 “he gave his life to create the natural world” 可知，盘古牺牲生命创造世界，故选 C。
答案：A
解析：原文提到 “used in art, music, and literature”，即传说在艺术、音乐和文学中被运用，故选 A。
答案：B
解析：由 “taught in schools to help children learn about Chinese culture” 可知，教学目的是让孩子了解中国文化，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：文章围绕盘古传说的文化意义展开，A、B 为故事内容，D 非文章重点，故选 C。
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