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人教版 必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
Reading and thinking
读译及要点讲练
ancient legend
the legend of...
The legend of the White Snake is one of the most famous
folk tales in China.
According to legend, this mountain was home to a powerful
god.
古老传说
……的传说
《白蛇传》是中国最著名的民间传说之一。
据传说，这座山曾是一位神力非凡的神仙的居所。
1. legend n. 传奇故事（或人物）；传说
2. athlete n. 远动员；运动健儿
请用 athlete / athletic / athletically 填空，注意形式变化。
1) Usain Bolt is widely considered one of the greatest __________ of
all time.
2) She has an __________ build and excels in various sports.
3) The team performed __________ well in the national championship.
4) His __________ ability impressed the coaches during the trial.
athletes
athletic
athletically
athletic
athletic adj. 运动的，体育的；健壮的；运动员用的 athletically adv.
3. master n./vt.
1) 大师；主人；师傅
a master of modern art
language master
master of the house
pet master
3) 硕士（需大写首字母 “Master”，常与学科名称搭配）
Master’s degree
Master of Arts
Master of Science
现代艺术大师
语言大师
一家之主
宠物主人
硕士学位
文学硕士
理学硕士
3) master vt. 掌握、精通、熟练运用
语境串记多义词
The master of the garden is a master of language，who is said to
have mastered 6 languages.
master a skill / language
It takes years to master the art of playing the violin.
精通小提琴演奏需要多年时间。
掌握技能 / 语言
这个花园的主人是一个语言大师，据说精通六门语言。
The young chef worked hard to master the recipe (菜谱) from his master, who was not only a skilled cook but also the master of the restaurant, and finally became a master in his field.
这位年轻的厨师努力钻研，想要掌握他师父传授的菜谱 —— 他的师父不仅是位技艺精湛的厨师，还是这家餐厅的主人，最终厨师在自己的领域也成了行家。
语境串记多义词
4. set an example to/for sb.
Parents should set a good example for their children.
Teachers often set a good example to their students.
为某人树立榜样（用to更正式）
set an example in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事上树立榜样
Everyone should set a good example in protecting the environment, like picking up litter.
每个人都应该在保护环境方面树立好榜样，比如随手捡垃圾。
【拓展】
1) follow the example of = follow one’s example
学习……的榜样，效仿……
Many students followed her example and started reading
more books.
2) take...for example 以…… 为例
Take Lily for example — she studies 2 hours every day and
always gets good grades.
3) take...as an example 把…… 当作例子
Take this story as an example — it shows how kindness
changes people.
综合练习：读一读，译一译
Our school has many kind teachers — take Miss Li for example; she’s always helping students with their studies after class. If you need to see what a responsible teacher is like, take her daily volunteer work as an example: every Friday afternoon, she stays to help students who are weak in math. By doing this, she sets a great example to all her students — not just about studying hard, but also about being helpful. Many students have started to follow her example: some help classmates with homework, others join her Friday math help.
我们学校有很多善良的老师 —— 就拿李老师来说吧，她总是在课后帮学生辅导功课。如果你想知道什么是负责任的老师，就以她每天的志愿工作为例：每周五下午，她都会留下来帮助数学薄弱的学生。通过这样做，她给所有学生树立了一个好榜样 —— 不仅是关于努力学习，还有乐于助人。很多学生都开始效仿她：有的帮同学辅导作业，有的则加入她周五的数学辅导。
Lang Ping
As a player，Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.
As a coach，she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics.
As a person，Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad.
活着的传奇
郎平
作为一名运动员，郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣誉。
作为一名教练，她带领中国女子排球队在世界锦标赛和奥运会赛场上屡获殊荣。
作为个人，郎平深受国内外球迷的喜爱。
Living Legends
1. honour n./vt.
honorable adj.
尊敬的
feel it an honour to do sth.
I’m really honored to be here for this lecture.
an honorable profession
be/feel honored to do…
I feel it really an honour to be here for this lecture.
in honor of
We hold such a party in honour of Mr. Smith. (翻译)
我们举办这样的一场晚会来向史密斯先生表示敬意。
1) 向……表示敬意；以……的名义
2) 纪念 = in memory of
为了纪念史密斯先生，我们举办了这样一场派对。
2. glory n. 荣耀; 壮丽; 辉煌时刻
achieve glory
win glory
bring glory to sb./sth.
the glory of the sunset over the ocean
glory days
获得荣耀
赢得光荣
为某人 / 某事带来荣耀
海上日落的壮丽景象
辉煌岁月
3. medal 奖章、勋章；奖牌
award sb. a medal
win/receive a gold medal
赢得 / 获得了金牌
给某人颁发一枚奖章
The soldier was awarded a Medal of Honor for his bravery in battle.
这名士兵因作战英勇被授予荣誉勋章。
4. champion 冠军、优胜者
championship 锦标赛; 冠军头衔/身份
“人” 用 champion，“赛事 / 头衔” 用 championship
He is the champion of this year’s marathon.
他是今年马拉松的冠军。
He won the championship of this year’s marathon.
他赢得了今年马拉松锦标赛的冠军。
用champion 和championship的适当形式填空
1) Our city will hold an international table tennis
____________ next summer.
2) After defeating all rivals(对手), he finally became the
____________ of the global chess competition.
3) The basketball team has been training day and night to
defend their _______________ this season.
4) All the players cheered loudly—they were proud to be the
_____________ of the regional football league.
championship
champion
championship
champions
When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup，her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.
One of the best players had been injured，and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge，but Lang Ping did not lose heart.
当中国队备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。由郎平一手打造的球队处于崩溃的边缘。
最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。损失两大主力队员，是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。
1. determination n. [U] 决心；坚定
determine vi./vt. 决定；决心
determined adj. 有决心的；坚定的
be determined to do sth.
determine to do sth.
决心做某事 （下决心的动作）
决心做某事 （有决心的状态）
He (was) determined to study abroad after graduating from high school.
他决心高中毕业后出国留学。
拓展：
1) Determined to do sth, 主语 + 谓语...
（逗号分隔，突出主语的决心）
Determined to prove his ability, he took on the most difficult task.
决心证明自己的能力，他承担了最难的任务。
2) determine to do sth. = determine on doing sth. 决定做某事
He determined on studying engineering at university, as he’s always been interested in building design.
他决定在大学攻读工程学，因为他一直对建筑设计感兴趣。
单句语法填空。
1) It takes hard work and ______________ (determine) to reach the goals that we want to achieve.
2) As a determined reporter, Peter determines ________ (cover) the event.
3) I have determined _____ going to the countryside after graduating from college.
4) His ____________ (determine) look suggested that he wouldn’t change his mind.
5) ______________ to change her life, she quit her boring job and moved to a new city.
determination
to cover
on
determined
Determined
2. fall apart 散架；瓦解，崩溃；破碎
“fall apart” 常用于三大场景：物体散架、抽象事物瓦解、人情绪崩溃。
1) The wooden chair is falling apart — one of its legs is loose.
2) Their friendship fell apart after a big argument about money.
3) She fell apart emotionally when she heard the bad news
about her family.
这把木椅快散架了，一条腿已经松了。
一场关于钱的激烈争吵后，他们的友谊破裂了。
听到家人的坏消息时，她情绪崩溃了。
take apart
tell…apart
tear apart
keep…apart
draw apart
拆开
区分，辨别
拆开；撕裂
与……分离
拉开；越离越远
fall asleep
fall behind
fall off
fall down
入睡
落后
脱落（独立物体：bike, chair, tree）；
(数量、质量)下降
摔倒 (沿着路径 / 表面：stairs, ladder, hill；
（计划等）失败
用fall所构成的短语填空
1) I tried to read the book, but I was too sleepy and finally
________________ halfway through.
2) Don’t walk too fast—wait for me, or I’ll ____________!
3) The old man ____________ the stairs yesterday and had to go to
the hospital.
4) The number of students joining the club has ____________ since
last term—only 10 people came this week.
5) My plan to learn French ____________ because I didn’t have time
to practice.
fell asleep
fall behind
fell down
fallen off
fell down
3. injure vt. 损害; 受伤
injure sb. 使……受伤；伤害
She injured her knee while playing basketball.
她打篮球时伤到了膝盖。
→ Her knee was injured while playing basketball.
The injured were quickly sent to the nearest hospital.
伤员被迅速送往最近的医院。
the injured
1) “the + 形容词” 表 “一类人”：伤员们
2) 作主语时谓语用复数；
injury n. 受伤处，伤口；损害，伤害
suffer/get an injury
an injury to the shoulder
injuries from a fire
火灾造成的损伤
肩部损伤
受伤
单句语法填空。
1) He suffered ________ (injure) to his legs and arms when he fell off the tree.
2) Luckily, the __________ (injure) were soon taken to the hospital.
3) _______________ (injure) in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.
injuries
injured
Being injured
injure, hurt, wound, harm, damage
意外伤用 injure，情感伤害或轻微伤用 hurt ; 武器伤用 wound，长期危害用 harm, 物体损坏用 damage
辨析填空: injure, hurt, wound, harm与 damage
1) Her thoughtless comments ________ my feelings deeply.
2) Eating too much processed food for a long time will ________ your health
3) The soldier was ________ by a bullet in his leg during the war.
4) Luckily, she was not badly _________ in the accident and we took her to the nearest hospital.
5) Don’t use sharp tools — they might __________ the wooden table.
hurt
harm
wounded
injured
damage
4. captain (运动队)队长；船长，机长；上尉
1) He was promoted to Captain after three years of service.
上尉
2) She was chosen as the captain of the basketball team this year.
篮球队队长
3) The team captain encouraged everyone to keep trying even when
they were behind.
队长
军衔上尉首字母要大写
语境串记多义词
The captain of the football team joined the army and became a Captain. After retirement，he became a captain of a ship.
这个足球队的队长参军后成为一名上尉，退役后又成为一名船长。
5. lose hear 灰心，丧失信心
He began to lose heart in his job after being criticized
several times.
被批评了几次后，他开始对工作失去信心。
keep heart 保持信心、不灰心
No matter how hard it gets, we must keep heart and keep trying.
无论多困难，我们都必须保持信心，继续努力。
lose one's heart to sb/sth
爱上……
He lost his heart to the quiet town after spending a week there.
在那个宁静的小镇待了一周，他彻底爱上了那里。
lose face
lose weight
lose touch with sb.
lose one’s way
lose one’s sight
lose one’s temper
丢脸
减肥
失去与……的联系
迷路
失明
发脾气
lose相关短语
heart短语
heart and soul
learn… by heart
break one’s heart
put one’s heart into
全心全意地
背诵；牢记
伤某人心
对……全力以赴；专心于
完成句子。
1) Although their house lay in ruins in the earthquake, the family never ______________ (丧失信心).
2) The boy ______________ (爱上) books and didn’t care about other things.
3) __________________ (专心于) your work, and you’ll succeed in time.
4) You should _________ English words _________ (背诵). Only in this way can you enlarge your vocabulary.
5) She _________________ (发脾气) with a customer and shouted at him.
lost heart
lost his heart to
Put your heart into
learn by heart
lost her temper
She had faced difficulties before，and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later，they were world champions!
Then in 2016，Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.
她曾面临过各种困难，她知道只要她这些年轻的球员们齐心协力，就能获胜。两周之后，她们真成了世界冠军！
紧接着在2016年，郎平又带领她的球队在巴西勇夺奥运金牌。
Michael Jordan
When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground，time seemed to stand still. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive，but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game，Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.
迈克尔 乔丹
迈克尔 乔丹的脚离开地面时，时间似乎停滞不前。这位后来被称为“空中飞人”的运动员用他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。乔丹的技能让人印象深刻，但他显示出的精神力量使他与众不同。在比赛的最后几秒，乔丹似乎总是想尽办法获胜。
1. Stay still while I take a photo of you.
在我给你拍照的时候，不要动。
拓展：不同“静”
still 不动 / 无动作 stand still, keep still；
calm 情绪稳定 / 自然无波动 calm down, calm sea；
quiet 不吵闹 / 声音小 quiet room, quiet street；
silent 不说话；完全没声音 keep silent
选词填空（从 still、quiet、calm、silent 中选最恰当的填入横线）
1) Please keep ______ in the library — other people are reading.
2) After the storm passed, the sea became ______ again, with no
waves at all.
3) The old man stood ______ in front of his wife’s photo, not moving
for a whole hour.
4) She remained ______ when the teacher asked her question—she
was too shy to speak.
5) The street is ______ at midnight; almost all shops are closed and no
one is outside.
quiet
calm
still
silent
quiet
2. graceful 优雅的、优美的；得体的
graceful dancer
graceful manner
graceful response
副词：gracefully 优雅地
名词：grace 优雅
the grace of her movement
优雅的舞者
得体的举止
得体的回应
3. strength n. [U]力量；体力；[C]优点；长处；强项
1) Happiness and success often come to those who are good at
recognizing their own strengths. ____________
2)Maths is my strength，while I don’t do well in English.
____________
3) I don’t have the strength to lift the box. ____________
优点；长处
强项
力量
【归纳】
build up one’s strength/ body
strengths and weaknesses
【拓展】
strong adj. 强大的，坚固的
strengthen v. 加强，强化，巩固
强身健体
优点和缺点
语法填空
1) Her _________ lies in her patience—she never gets angry even when things go wrong.
2) We should focus on our ______________ instead of worrying too much about our weaknesses.
3) ____________ (strength) our friendship, we’d better keep in touch with each other.
4) When facing difficulties, his _________ of will kept him from giving up.
strengths
To strengthen
strength
strength
Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. “I can accept failure；everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. In life，Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.
乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。“我可以接受失败；每个人都会遭遇失败。但我不能接受不去尝试。”输掉比赛教会他更努力地训练，并永不放弃。在生活中，乔丹已学会与他人分享他的成功。他在芝加哥创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。
1. failure 失败；失败的人/事
The team faced failure many times but never gave up.
这支队伍经历过多次失败，但从未放弃。
Don’t call him a failure; everyone makes mistakes and has
setbacks.
别叫他失败者，每个人都会犯错、遇到挫折。
2. give up 放弃；投降
可作及物动词短语，也可作不及物动词短语；
人称代词作宾语时，要放在give与up中间。
【归纳】
give up smoking 戒烟
give up one’s job 放弃工作
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
【拓展】 give的短语
give away
give back
give in
give in to
give off
give out
分发，捐赠；泄露，背叛
还给，恢复（健康等）
交上，让步
屈服于；向……让步
释放（气味等）
散发（声音、光等），分发，耗尽
用give短语完成句子。
1) When they saw that they were surrounded by the enemy, they __________.
2) That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and __________ a lot of money to the people there.
3) The bad apples ___________ a bad smell.
4) The argument went on for hours because neither side would ___________.
5) Tom's legs ___________ and he couldn't go any farther.
gave up
gave away
are giving off
give in
gave out
3. The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.
现在完成进行时
含义：表示动作从过去某一时间开始持续到现在。
构成：have/ has been doing
用法：
1) 延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动还没 结束，将继续持续下去。
2) 重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。
现在完成时与现在完成进行时
1) 现在完成时常表示动作已经完成，而现在完成进行时却并非如此。如：
He has cleaned the window.
他把窗户擦干净了。(动作已完成)
He has been cleaning the window.
他一直在擦窗户。(动作不一定完成)
2)有时两种时态意思差别不大。
I’ve lived [been living] here for 30 years.
我在这儿住了30年了。
用动词的正确形式填空。
1) He ____________(eat) a big meal, so he isn’t hungry now.
2) He ________________ (cough) a lot. He should go to see a doctor.
3) My dog is missing. I __________________ (look) for it recently and still haven’t found it.
4) I won’t buy that book because I ______________ (read) it.
has eaten
has been coughing
have been looking
have read

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