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北师大版必修一-Unit 2-Sports and Fitness-单元整合训练(原卷版)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
(2024·河南郑州高三模拟)
Best Running Apps of 2024
Whether you're new to running or a seasoned marathoner, finding the best running app to help you set goals, record metrics(指标), and track your progress is key to sticking with a training programme.Here are the best running apps to help you hit your running.
Runkeeper
Runkeeper allows you to set goals and watch your progress to stay motivated.If you're into biking or fitness walking, you can track those activities as well.For runners training for races, Runkeeper has tailored training programmes, complete with helpful reminders to keep you on track.
MapMyRun
MapMyRun is a running app that has stood the test of time.It first served as a way to measure running routes, but the latest version offers runners many more cool and helpful features.You can use it to track your runs, find running routes locally or in new cities, and get feedback on your statistics so you can improve your performance.
Strava
If you love the social and competitive aspects of running, Strava is the app for you.You can compare your times with other members of the Strava community or with your own group of friends to boost your motivation.It also has a safety feature called Beacon which allows you to share your real－time location with up to three people while you're running.
C25K 5K Trainer
C25K features the popular walk/run method of training for 5K distances designed for entry－level runners wanting to ease into running or train for races.With pre－designed training plans, C25K guides you through three workouts a week and keeps track of your progress and routes.
1．What is unique about Runkeeper？(　　)
A.It tracks running activities.
B.It offers personalized programmes.
C.It boosts runners' motivation to run.
D.It gives runners feedback on running.
2．What was MapMyRun initially designed for？(　　)
A.Measuring running routes.
B.Charting fitness and health progress.
C.Recording runners' real－time location.
D.Helping runners stay focused on track.
3．Which running app is perfect for beginners？(　)
A.Runkeeper. B．MapMyRun.
C.Strava. D．C25K 5K Trainer.
B
(2025·西南大学附中高三开学考)
Lauren Price has come a long way from a taxi driver to an Olympic champion.She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Olympics.
“When I look back now, I have to pinch (掐) myself at times, because I still think it's mad that I won the Olympics，” Price told the media.
Raised by her grandparents, she was always encouraged to play sports.“They've always backed me.If it weren't for them, I wouldn't have achieved anything，” Price said.Her grandma used to say to her, “Reach for the moon and if you fall short, you'll land on the stars.”
She began with football.But Price was also a high－standard kickboxer and was then talent－scouted by a taekwondo coach before she switched to boxing.
“For me the big turning point was as a child being inspired by Kelly Holmes.I remember watching her on TV and I was like, ‘Oh my God.I want to go to the Olympics，’” Price recalled.“I had that dream over the years.I just worked hard.I believe if you put the effort in, you'll get to where you want to be.”
When Price was breaking into the Welsh boxing team, funding was extremely limited.So she worked as a driver for a taxi company when she was still a teenager.“I was training from Monday to Thursday and then I was taxi driving on Friday and Saturday nights.I'd start work at five pm and I'd finish at four in the morning, picking up all the drunken passengers，” she remembered.That was a different kind of education.“It's quite funny now when I look back，” Price smiled and said.
Ultimately, she excelled as a boxer.Price won every major gold medal going, despite the difficulties of competing against bigger opponents outside of her weight class.
4．Which event did Price compete in at the Tokyo Olympics？(　　)
A.Football. B．Kickboxing.
C.Taekwondo. D．Boxing.
5．Who inspired Price to go to the Olympics？(　　)
A.Her grandmother. B．An athlete.
C.A coach. D．A passenger.
6．Which of the following contributed most to Price's success？(　　)
A.Determination. B．Luck.
C.Education. D．Talent.
7．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text？(　　)
A.Entertainment. B．Opinion.
C.Sports. D．Destinations.
C
(2024·湖北云学新高考联盟高三联考)
Rush up the stairs.Play games with your kids.Increasing the vigor (活力) of our daily activities could have a huge impact on our long life, according to a new study of movement intensity and death rates.
The study finds that as few as three minutes a day of vigorous everyday activity is linked to a 40 percent lower risk of early death in adults, even when they do not exercise at all.“It is fantastic research，” said Ulrik Wisloff, the director of the K．G.Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
The study's results join rising scientific evidence that adding a little intensity to our lives pays big dividends for our health, without requiring extra equipment, instruction, gym memberships or time.The idea that how we move influences how long we live is hardly new.Plenty of research links regular exercise with longevity (长寿)，including the formal public health exercise guidelines, which recommend at least 150 minutes a week of moderate (适度的) exercise for health and longevity.
More－focused research, though, suggests intensifying some of our exercise increases the health benefits.In a study from Wisloff's lab, for instance, just 30 minutes a week of intense exercise dropped the risk of dying from heart disease by about half in men and women, compared to people who were sitting long.Similarly, a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine concluded that people who occasionally pushed themselves during exercise were about 17 percent less likely to die early than people who did the same amount of exercise, but at a gentler, mild pace.
Both of these studies, though, were based on people's recall of how much and how hard they exercised.They also were exercise studies, making them of interest mostly to people who exercise or would like to, which does not represent the greater part of humanity.“If we're honest, most people are allergic (过敏) to the word ‘exercise’，” said Emmanuel Stamatakis, a professor of physical activity and health studies at the University of Sydney, who led the new study.
8．What is the main finding of the new study？(　　)
A.There's a connection between exercise intensity and long life.
B.Increasing the intensity of daily activity doesn't affect our life.
C.Vigorous everyday activity is better than moderate exercise.
D.The way people choose to exercise determines people's health.
9．What does the underlined phrase “pays big dividends for” mean in paragraph 3？(　　)
A.Brings great benefits to.
B.Causes serious harm to.
C.Takes off the pressure from.
D.Raises big money for.
10．Why does the author mention the study from Wisloff's lab in paragraph 4？(　)
A.To explain the right amount of exercise improves health.
B.To show energetic exercise raises heart rates and breathing.
C.To prove adding some intensity to exercise brings more benefits.
D.To demonstrate exercise in a gentler way benefits people more.
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph？(　　)
A.People's subjective recall is reliable.
B.Most people like exercise to a certain degree.
C.The new study involves a great majority of people.
D.Both of the studies have some limitations.
D
(2025·八省联考)
Want to learn a new language or get A's in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long term memory.A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function, scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning.After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries, but two thirds of them also exercised.Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test.The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.
Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately.Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity, indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.
According to this research, the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying.But why That's one question the researchers have yet to answer.Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning.I've run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning.
12．What did the new study aim to explore？(　　)
A.When exercise is best for learning.
B.What biochemicals are good for health.
C.How brainwaves should be measured.
D.Which area of the brain is the most active.
13．What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment？(　　)
A.Train on bicycles.
B.Do mathematics exercises.
C.Play computer games.
D.Watch films about nature.
14．Why did the participants return to the lab two days later？(　　)
A.To do a medical examination.
B.To have their memory tested.
C.To get their workouts recorded.
D.To finish their previous tasks.
15．What might the author's marathon running prove？(　　)
A.The findings of the study are reliable.
B.Long distance runners are often smart.
C.Studies on the marathon are not enough.
D.Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.
Ⅱ.七选五（每小题1.5分，共12.5分）
By thinking and using habits like great scientists，we can learn how to change our way of thinking and come up with new ideas. （16）　 　
Constantly ask questions.One thing that curious young children always do with their parents is ask questions. "Why is the sky blue？" "Why does a dog bark？" （17）　 　 Scientists also constantly ask questions.You have to continue asking questions if you want to keep learning.
Share your results. （18）　 　 Scientists often find solutions after knowing the findings of other scientists' experiments.In study，share your results with your classmates and you can learn from others' results.
（19）　 　 You're rarely ever going to get something perfect on the first try.When you don't get it right，learn from it.To a scientist，failures or any negative result is not a bad thing.
Challenge assumptions （设想）.Scientists like to challenge conventional thoughts.They do it by experimenting with the assumption and then test it to see if the results are true. （20）　 　 Make basic assumptions about your work or personal life and then find a way to experiment with them to see if your assumptions are really true.
A.Work with others.
B.We all should do the same thing.
C.Accept failure and then learn from it.
D.Kids do this because they want to learn.
E.Here are some habits that can help you think like a scientist.
F.For scientists，it's important to share the results of their findings.
G.Proving something is wrong is just as useful as proving something is right.
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2025·T8联考)
If there's one crucial lesson that Tara Snyder, a seasoned(有经验的) mail carrier for the U．S. Postal Service, reveals to every new 21 ， it's this：“Even if a dog seems friendly for 364 days of the year, they can still have a bad day—and bite.”
Snyder speaks from 22 ． In April 2024, while completing her usual route in Pennsylvania, she 23 a resident's door to obtain a signature for a piece of mail. 24 she had time to react, a 70 pound dog charged out of the house and attacked her hand. She 25 to protect herself with her mailbag, but it was too late. “It 26 my hand open pretty severely，”she recalls. The injury required 17 stitches, a round of antibiotics, and three weeks off work to recover.
This wasn't the first or last 27 between Snyder and aggressive dogs at that residence. On a separate occasion, another dog 28 her on the porch, though fortunately, she wasn't bitten that time. The incident has 29 Animal Control to investigate the owners, and the Postal Service is taking every 30 to protect its mail carriers. Sadly, Snyder's story is far from 31 ： according to Postal Service data, there were 5，800 reported dog related incidents involving postal workers in 2023.
This brings us to the 32 paw print stickers you may have noticed on mailboxes. An orange sticker 33 a dog resides at that address, while a yellow sticker shows that a dog lives nearby. The 34 was to warn Postal Service employees and other delivery workers to remain alert(警惕的)， 35 around dogs with a known history of negative reactions to mail carriers.
21．(　　)A.employer B．customer
C.trainee D．neighbour
22．(　　)A.experience B．capability
C.knowledge D．profession
23．(　　)A.kicked B．opened
C.blocked D．approached
24．(　　)A.Until B．Before
C.Since D．Immediately
25．(　　)A.failed B．managed
C.attempted D．resolved
6．(　　)A.pushed B．tore
C.threw D．speared
27．(　　)A.bond B．encounter
C.disagreement D．competition
28．(　　)A.cornered B．discouraged
C.squeezed D．accompanied
29．(　　)A.urged B．empowered
C.directed D．persuaded
30．(　　)A.turn B．energy
C.measure D．course
31．(　　)A.unique B．simple
C.common D．frequent
32．(　　)A.plain B．sketched
C.faded D．colored
33．(　　)A.hides B．signals
C.flashes D．introduces
34．(　　)A.prospect B．occupation
C.expectation D．intention
35．(　　)A.especially B．reasonably
C.occasionally D．constantly
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·陕西咸阳高三模拟)
You already know the fact that regular exercise is important for controlling weight and 36
(avoid)a variety of health conditions.But it can also improve your academic 37 (perform)．And，if you're a distance learning student, you may miss out on some of the opportunities for physical activity afforded to more traditional students who routinely walk around campus.But it's well worth the effort 38
(put) the schedule exercise into practice.
The study, which 39 (publish) in the Journal of Medicine & Science, describes physical activity as 40 vigorous movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing.Mike McKenzie found that students who studied over three hours per day were 3.5 times 41 (likely) to be exercisers.Over a decade ago, McKenzie 42 (say) researchers discovered a link 43 exercise and focus in children.
More recently, another study by Johnson reveals that even short “microbursts” of physical activity throughout the day can have positive effects.Johnson tells that sitting for long periods of time, 44
college students tend to do, can have a negative health effect.In addition, the study found that five－minute bouts of walking every hour had a positive impact on mood, tiredness, and hunger at the end of a day.This may be 45 (particular)beneficial to students who also work a full－time job and study in the evening and nighttime hours.
Ⅴ.应用文写作：
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tim在来信中提到自己的体质非常糟糕，并且直接影响他的学习。为此，请你给他写一封回信，提出一些相关的建议。
Dear Tim，
I'm really sorry to know that you are 1._________________ (身体状况不佳)recently.Therefore, I'm writing to remind you of some useful tips for you to stay healthy.
First of all, it is essential for you to 2._________________ (保持均衡饮食)every day, 3.__________
_______________________ (这对你的健康有很大的好处；定语从句)．Apart from that, you are supposed to take enough physical sports. 4._________________ (正如我们所知), sports can not only relieve us from our stress in life and study, 5._________________ (而且还能使我们保持健康和有智慧)．Last but not least, taking enough sleep every night will also restore our energy and 6._________________ (让我们为第二天的学习做好准备)．
I hope you can 7._________________________________ (认真考虑我的建议)．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
北师大版必修一-Unit 2-Sports and Fitness-单元整合训练(解析版)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
(2024·河南郑州高三模拟)
Best Running Apps of 2024
Whether you're new to running or a seasoned marathoner, finding the best running app to help you set goals, record metrics(指标), and track your progress is key to sticking with a training programme.Here are the best running apps to help you hit your running.
Runkeeper
Runkeeper allows you to set goals and watch your progress to stay motivated.If you're into biking or fitness walking, you can track those activities as well.For runners training for races, Runkeeper has tailored training programmes, complete with helpful reminders to keep you on track.
MapMyRun
MapMyRun is a running app that has stood the test of time.It first served as a way to measure running routes, but the latest version offers runners many more cool and helpful features.You can use it to track your runs, find running routes locally or in new cities, and get feedback on your statistics so you can improve your performance.
Strava
If you love the social and competitive aspects of running, Strava is the app for you.You can compare your times with other members of the Strava community or with your own group of friends to boost your motivation.It also has a safety feature called Beacon which allows you to share your real－time location with up to three people while you're running.
C25K 5K Trainer
C25K features the popular walk/run method of training for 5K distances designed for entry－level runners wanting to ease into running or train for races.With pre－designed training plans, C25K guides you through three workouts a week and keeps track of your progress and routes.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款2024年最佳的跑步应用程序。
1．What is unique about Runkeeper？(　B　)
A.It tracks running activities.
B.It offers personalized programmes.
C.It boosts runners' motivation to run.
D.It gives runners feedback on running.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一款应用程序Runkeeper中的内容“For runners training for races, Runkeeper has tailored training programmes, complete with helpful reminders to keep you on track.”可知，对于为比赛而训练的跑步者，Runkeeper可以提供个性化的训练计划。故选B。
2．What was MapMyRun initially designed for？(　A　)
A.Measuring running routes.
B.Charting fitness and health progress.
C.Recording runners' real－time location.
D.Helping runners stay focused on track.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二款应用程序MapMyRun中的内容“It first served as a way to measure running routes, but the latest version offers runners many more cool and helpful features.”可知，MapMyRun最初是作为测量跑步路线的一种方式而推出的。故选A。
3．Which running app is perfect for beginners？(　D　)
A.Runkeeper. B．MapMyRun.
C.Strava. D．C25K 5K Trainer.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一款应用程序C25K 5K Trainer中的内容“C25K features the popular walk/run method of training for 5K distances designed for entry－level runners wanting to ease into running or train for races.”可知，C25K采用流行的5公里距离步行或跑步训练方法，专为想要轻松进入跑步或比赛训练的入门级跑步者而设计。故选D。
B
(2025·西南大学附中高三开学考)
Lauren Price has come a long way from a taxi driver to an Olympic champion.She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Olympics.
“When I look back now, I have to pinch (掐) myself at times, because I still think it's mad that I won the Olympics，” Price told the media.
Raised by her grandparents, she was always encouraged to play sports.“They've always backed me.If it weren't for them, I wouldn't have achieved anything，” Price said.Her grandma used to say to her, “Reach for the moon and if you fall short, you'll land on the stars.”
She began with football.But Price was also a high－standard kickboxer and was then talent－scouted by a taekwondo coach before she switched to boxing.
“For me the big turning point was as a child being inspired by Kelly Holmes.I remember watching her on TV and I was like, ‘Oh my God.I want to go to the Olympics，’” Price recalled.“I had that dream over the years.I just worked hard.I believe if you put the effort in, you'll get to where you want to be.”
When Price was breaking into the Welsh boxing team, funding was extremely limited.So she worked as a driver for a taxi company when she was still a teenager.“I was training from Monday to Thursday and then I was taxi driving on Friday and Saturday nights.I'd start work at five pm and I'd finish at four in the morning, picking up all the drunken passengers，” she remembered.That was a different kind of education.“It's quite funny now when I look back，” Price smiled and said.
Ultimately, she excelled as a boxer.Price won every major gold medal going, despite the difficulties of competing against bigger opponents outside of her weight class.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述拳击手Lauren Price一路追求她的奥林匹克梦想，在东京奥运会上赢得了中量级拳击项目的金牌的故事。
4．Which event did Price compete in at the Tokyo Olympics？(　D　)
A.Football. B．Kickboxing.
C.Taekwondo. D．Boxing.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知， Price是一名拳击手，结合第一段“She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Olympics.”可知，在东京奥运会上Price在拳击项目上赢得了金牌。故选D项。
5．Who inspired Price to go to the Olympics？(　B　)
A.Her grandmother. B．An athlete.
C.A coach. D．A passenger.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中“For me the big turning point was as a child being inspired by Kelly Holmes.I remember watching her on TV and I was like, ‘Oh my God.I want to go to the Olympics，’”可知， Price受到了运动员Kelly Holmes的启发，决心要参加奥运会。故选B项。
6．Which of the following contributed most to Price's success？(　A　)
A.Determination. B．Luck.
C.Education. D．Talent.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“When Price was breaking into the Welsh boxing team, funding was extremely limited…she remembered.”可知， Price进入威尔士拳击队时，资金极其有限，但为了实现自己的梦想，她辛苦锻炼，并努力挣钱，结合第一段中“She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Olympics.”可知，她一直追求自己的梦想，不管多难都没有放弃过。由此可推知，追求梦想的决心是Price成功的关键。故选A项。
7．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text？(　C　)
A.Entertainment. B．Opinion.
C.Sports. D．Destinations.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Lauren Price has come a long way from a taxi driver to an Olympic champion.She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Olympics.”可知，文章主要讲述了拳击手Lauren Price一路追求她的奥林匹克梦想，在东京奥运会上赢得了中量级拳击项目的金牌的故事。由此可推知，我们可以在报纸的体育部分看到本文。故选C项。
C
(2024·湖北云学新高考联盟高三联考)
Rush up the stairs.Play games with your kids.Increasing the vigor (活力) of our daily activities could have a huge impact on our long life, according to a new study of movement intensity and death rates.
The study finds that as few as three minutes a day of vigorous everyday activity is linked to a 40 percent lower risk of early death in adults, even when they do not exercise at all.“It is fantastic research，” said Ulrik Wisloff, the director of the K．G.Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
The study's results join rising scientific evidence that adding a little intensity to our lives pays big dividends for our health, without requiring extra equipment, instruction, gym memberships or time.The idea that how we move influences how long we live is hardly new.Plenty of research links regular exercise with longevity (长寿)，including the formal public health exercise guidelines, which recommend at least 150 minutes a week of moderate (适度的) exercise for health and longevity.
More－focused research, though, suggests intensifying some of our exercise increases the health benefits.In a study from Wisloff's lab, for instance, just 30 minutes a week of intense exercise dropped the risk of dying from heart disease by about half in men and women, compared to people who were sitting long.Similarly, a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine concluded that people who occasionally pushed themselves during exercise were about 17 percent less likely to die early than people who did the same amount of exercise, but at a gentler, mild pace.
Both of these studies, though, were based on people's recall of how much and how hard they exercised.They also were exercise studies, making them of interest mostly to people who exercise or would like to, which does not represent the greater part of humanity.“If we're honest, most people are allergic (过敏) to the word ‘exercise’，” said Emmanuel Stamatakis, a professor of physical activity and health studies at the University of Sydney, who led the new study.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究结果表明增加运动强度可能对我们的长寿产生巨大影响。
8．What is the main finding of the new study？(　A　)
A.There's a connection between exercise intensity and long life.
B.Increasing the intensity of daily activity doesn't affect our life.
C.Vigorous everyday activity is better than moderate exercise.
D.The way people choose to exercise determines people's health.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Increasing the vigor (活力) of our daily activities could have a huge impact on our long life, according to a new study of movement intensity and death rates.”以及第二段“The study finds that as few as three minutes a day of vigorous everyday activity is linked to a 40 percent lower risk of early death in adults, even when they do not exercise at all.”可知，该研究结果表明运动强度和长寿之间存在联系。故选A。
9．What does the underlined phrase “pays big dividends for” mean in paragraph 3？(　A　)
A.Brings great benefits to.
B.Causes serious harm to.
C.Takes off the pressure from.
D.Raises big money for.
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线部分下文“The idea that how we move influences how long we live is hardly new…which recommend at least 150 minutes a week of moderate (适度的) exercise for health and longevity.”可知，画线部分指的是运动有好处。故选A。
10．Why does the author mention the study from Wisloff's lab in paragraph 4？(　C　)
A.To explain the right amount of exercise improves health.
B.To show energetic exercise raises heart rates and breathing.
C.To prove adding some intensity to exercise brings more benefits.
D.To demonstrate exercise in a gentler way benefits people more.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“More－focused research, though, suggests intensifying some of our exercise increases the health benefits…compared to people who were sitting long.”可知，第四段提到Wisloff的实验室的一项研究是为了论证加强运动强度对健康有益。故选C。
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph？(　D　)
A.People's subjective recall is reliable.
B.Most people like exercise to a certain degree.
C.The new study involves a great majority of people.
D.Both of the studies have some limitations.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Both of these studies, though, were based on people's recall of how much and how hard they exercised.They also were exercise studies, making them of interest mostly to people who exercise or would like to, which does not represent the greater part of humanity.”可知，这两项研究都存在一定的局限性。故选D。
D
(2025·八省联考)
Want to learn a new language or get A's in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long term memory.A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function, scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning.After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries, but two thirds of them also exercised.Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test.The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.
Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately.Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity, indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.
According to this research, the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying.But why That's one question the researchers have yet to answer.Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning.I've run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于运动助力学习的新研究。
12．What did the new study aim to explore？(　A　)
A.When exercise is best for learning.
B.What biochemicals are good for health.
C.How brainwaves should be measured.
D.Which area of the brain is the most active.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.”可知，新研究是为了探索什么时候运动对学习最有益。故选A。
13．What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment？(　D　)
A.Train on bicycles.
B.Do mathematics exercises.
C.Play computer games.
D.Watch films about nature.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries”可知，在实验中所有参与者都被要求观看自然纪录片。故选D。
14．Why did the participants return to the lab two days later？(　B　)
A.To do a medical examination.
B.To have their memory tested.
C.To get their workouts recorded.
D.To finish their previous tasks.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test”可知，参与者两天后回到实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B。
15．What might the author's marathon running prove？(　D　)
A.The findings of the study are reliable.
B.Long distance runners are often smart.
C.Studies on the marathon are not enough.
D.Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“I've run enough marathons to prove the fact…a tough workout.”可知，作者想用自己的马拉松经历说明剧烈运动可能不会使大脑更敏锐。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五（每小题1.5分，共12.5分）
By thinking and using habits like great scientists，we can learn how to change our way of thinking and come up with new ideas. （16）　 　
Constantly ask questions.One thing that curious young children always do with their parents is ask questions. "Why is the sky blue？" "Why does a dog bark？" （17）　 　 Scientists also constantly ask questions.You have to continue asking questions if you want to keep learning.
Share your results. （18）　 　 Scientists often find solutions after knowing the findings of other scientists' experiments.In study，share your results with your classmates and you can learn from others' results.
（19）　 　 You're rarely ever going to get something perfect on the first try.When you don't get it right，learn from it.To a scientist，failures or any negative result is not a bad thing.
Challenge assumptions （设想）.Scientists like to challenge conventional thoughts.They do it by experimenting with the assumption and then test it to see if the results are true. （20）　 　 Make basic assumptions about your work or personal life and then find a way to experiment with them to see if your assumptions are really true.
A.Work with others.
B.We all should do the same thing.
C.Accept failure and then learn from it.
D.Kids do this because they want to learn.
E.Here are some habits that can help you think like a scientist.
F.For scientists，it's important to share the results of their findings.
G.Proving something is wrong is just as useful as proving something is right.
【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍通过像伟大的科学家一样思考和使用习惯，我们学会如何改变我们的思维方式并提出新的想法的具体做法。
【解答】（16）语境衔接题。根据上文By thinking and using habits like great scientists，we can learn how to change our way of thinking and come up with new ideas（通过像伟大的科学家一样思考和使用习惯，我们可以学会如何改变我们的思维方式并提出新的想法）；以及后文给出的就建议，可知表示"以下是一些可以帮助你像科学家一样思考的习惯"的选项E可以承接上文改变我们的思维方式并提出新的想法的话题，引出后文的建议，故选E。
（17）联系上文题。根据上文One thing that curious young children always do with their parents is ask questions. "Why is the sky blue？" "Why does a dog bark" （好奇的孩子们总是和父母一起做的一件事就是问问题。"为什么天是蓝色的？""为什么狗会吠叫"），可知表示"孩子们这样做是因为他们想学习"的选项D可以承接上文，解释孩子们问问题的原因，故选D。
（18）联系上文题。根据主题句Share your results（分享他们的成果）；以及后文Scientists often find solutions after knowing the findings of other scientists' experiments（科学家经常在了解其他科学家的实验结果后找到解决方案），可知表示"对科学家来说，分享他们的发现结果很重要"的选项F可以承接主题，介绍科学家会分享他们的成果，故选F。
（19）主题判断题。根据下文You're rarely ever going to get something perfect on the first try.When you don't get it right，learn from it.To a scientist，failures or any negative result is not a bad thing（你很少会在第一次尝试时就得到完美的东西。当你做得不对的时候，就从中吸取教训。对科学家来说，失败或任何负面的结果都不是坏事），可知表示"接受失败，然后从中吸取教训"的选项C可以作为本段的主题，建议要接受失败，然后从中吸取教训，故选C。
（20）语境衔接题。根据上文Scientists like to challenge conventional thoughts.They do it by experimenting with the assumption and then test it to see if the results are true（科学家喜欢挑战传统思想。他们通过对假设进行实验来做到这一点，然后对其进行测试，看看结果是否属实）；以及下文Make basic assumptions about your work or personal life and then find a way to experiment with them to see if your assumptions are really true（对你的工作或个人生活做出基本假设，然后想办法进行实验，看看你的假设是否属实），可知表示"我们都应该做同样的事情"的选项B符合语境，建议要和科学家一样，对你的工作或个人生活做出基本假设，然后想办法进行实验，看看你的假设是否属实，故选B。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2025·T8联考)
If there's one crucial lesson that Tara Snyder, a seasoned(有经验的) mail carrier for the U．S. Postal Service, reveals to every new 21 ， it's this：“Even if a dog seems friendly for 364 days of the year, they can still have a bad day—and bite.”
Snyder speaks from 22 ． In April 2024, while completing her usual route in Pennsylvania, she 23 a resident's door to obtain a signature for a piece of mail. 24 she had time to react, a 70 pound dog charged out of the house and attacked her hand. She 25 to protect herself with her mailbag, but it was too late. “It 26 my hand open pretty severely，”she recalls. The injury required 17 stitches, a round of antibiotics, and three weeks off work to recover.
This wasn't the first or last 27 between Snyder and aggressive dogs at that residence. On a separate occasion, another dog 28 her on the porch, though fortunately, she wasn't bitten that time. The incident has 29 Animal Control to investigate the owners, and the Postal Service is taking every 30 to protect its mail carriers. Sadly, Snyder's story is far from 31 ： according to Postal Service data, there were 5，800 reported dog related incidents involving postal workers in 2023.
This brings us to the 32 paw print stickers you may have noticed on mailboxes. An orange sticker 33 a dog resides at that address, while a yellow sticker shows that a dog lives nearby. The 34 was to warn Postal Service employees and other delivery workers to remain alert(警惕的)， 35 around dogs with a known history of negative reactions to mail carriers.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是美国邮局的邮递员Snyder给新来的培训生分享送件时遭遇恶犬并受伤的经历。这次经历也推动了美国邮局采取措施来保护邮递员。他们想到的方法是在邮箱上贴“狗狗贴纸”，来提醒邮递员注意恶犬。
21．(　C　)A.employer B．customer
C.trainee D．neighbour
解析：根据前文中的“seasoned(有经验的) mail carrier”可知，Snyder在给新来的培训生(trainee)做经验分享。
22．(　A　)A.experience B．capability
C.knowledge D．profession
解析：根据后文提到的2024年4月发生的被恶狗撕咬的故事可知，此处表示Snyder是结合个人经历(experience)来讲述的。
23．(　D　)A.kicked B．opened
C.blocked D．approached
解析：根据语境可知，Snyder是走向(approach)大门，获得邮件的签名。
24．(　B　)A.Until B．Before
C.Since D．Immediately
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示她还没来得及(before)反应。
25．(　C　)A.failed B．managed
C.attempted D．resolved
解析：根据后文中的“but it was too late”可知，她尝试(attempt)去保护自己，但没有成功。attempt to do sth.尝试去做某事；manage to do sth.设法成功做成某事。
6．(　B　)A.pushed B．tore
C.threw D．speared
解析：根据句意可知，此处表示狗撕咬她的手。tear…open将……撕开；spear用尖物刺穿。
27．(　B　)A.bond B．encounter
C.disagreement D．competition
解析：根据前文内容可知，此处表示这不是第一次或最后一次与恶狗的对峙(encounter)。
28．(　A　)A.cornered B．discouraged
C.squeezed D．accompanied
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示另一只狗把她堵在门廊。corner将……逼入死角；使……走投无路。
29．(　A　)A.urged B．empowered
C.directed D．persuaded
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示此事件促使动物控制部门去调查狗主人。urge sb.to do sth.鼓动/敦促某人做某事；empower sb.to do sth.给某人权力去做某事，增加(某人的)自主权。
30．(　C　)A.turn B．energy
C.measure D．course
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示美国邮局采取措施保护邮递员。take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事。
31．(　A　)A.unique B．simple
C.common D．frequent
解析：后文介绍了2023年有5 800起与狗有关的事件涉及邮递员。因此，此处表示此事件并不是唯一的。far from unique某事物并不是唯一的，并不独特。
32．(　D　)A.plain B．sketched
C.faded D．colored
解析：根据后文中的“orange”和“yellow”可知，此处指涂成不同颜色的贴纸。color(用颜料、彩色笔等)为……着色。
33．(　B　)A.hides B．signals
C.flashes D．introduces
解析：根据语境可知，一个橘色贴纸表示(signal)这家有狗，黄色的表示附近有狗。
34．(　D　)A.prospect B．occupation
C.expectation D．intention
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示贴不同颜色的贴纸的目的(intention)是提醒邮局的工作人员和其他送货员保持警惕，特别(especially)是在对邮递员有负面反应历史的狗的周围。
35．(　A　)A.especially B．reasonably
C.occasionally D．constantly
解析： 解析见第14题。
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·陕西咸阳高三模拟)
You already know the fact that regular exercise is important for controlling weight and 36
(avoid)a variety of health conditions.But it can also improve your academic 37 (perform)．And，if you're a distance learning student, you may miss out on some of the opportunities for physical activity afforded to more traditional students who routinely walk around campus.But it's well worth the effort 38
(put) the schedule exercise into practice.
The study, which 39 (publish) in the Journal of Medicine & Science, describes physical activity as 40 vigorous movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing.Mike McKenzie found that students who studied over three hours per day were 3.5 times 41 (likely) to be exercisers.Over a decade ago, McKenzie 42 (say) researchers discovered a link 43 exercise and focus in children.
More recently, another study by Johnson reveals that even short “microbursts” of physical activity throughout the day can have positive effects.Johnson tells that sitting for long periods of time, 44
college students tend to do, can have a negative health effect.In addition, the study found that five－minute bouts of walking every hour had a positive impact on mood, tiredness, and hunger at the end of a day.This may be 45 (particular)beneficial to students who also work a full－time job and study in the evening and nighttime hours.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了经常锻炼不但有利于身体健康，而且能促进学生的学业成绩。
36．avoiding
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你已经知道这一事实，经常锻炼对控制体重和避免各种健康状况很重要。空处与controlling weight并列，应用动名词形式，作介词for的宾语。故填avoiding。
37．performance
解析：考查名词。句意：但它还可以提高你的学业成绩。空处用于形容词academic之后，作动词improve的宾语，应用名词形式performance，表示“成绩”，为不可数名词。故填performance。
38．to put
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：但将日常锻炼付诸实践是很值得的。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to put。
39．was published
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这项发表在《医学与科学杂志》上的研究将体育活动描述为一种产生汗液和沉重呼吸的剧烈运动。结合语意可知，“发表”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词The study，与publish之间是被动关系，且The study是单数，be动词应用was。故填was published。
40．a
解析：考查冠词。句意同上。结合语意可知，此处表示“一种剧烈运动”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，vigorous是辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
41．more likely
解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：Mike McKenzie发现，每天学习超过三小时的学生锻炼身体的可能性是其他学生的3.5倍。根据空前3.5 times以及语意可知，此处表示学习超过三小时的学生更有可能去锻炼身体，空处应用形容词的比较级形式more likely，表示“更有可能的”。故填more likely。
42．said
解析：考查时态。句意：十多年前，McKenzie说，研究人员发现了儿童锻炼和注意力之间的联系。根据时间状语Over a decade ago可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词应用过去式形式said。故填said。
43．between
解析：考查介词。句意同上。between…and…为固定搭配，表示“在……和……之间”，所以空处应用介词between。故填between。
44．which/as
解析：考查定语从句。句意：Johnson说，长时间坐着，这是大学生倾向于做的事(正如大学生经常做的那样)，会对健康产生负面影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词sitting for long periods of time，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句，也可以用关系代词as表示“正如”。故填which/as。
45．particularly
解析：考查副词。句意：这可能对从事全职工作并在晚上和夜间学习的学生特别有益。空处修饰形容词beneficial，应用副词作状语。故填particularly。
Ⅴ.应用文写作：
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tim在来信中提到自己的体质非常糟糕，并且直接影响他的学习。为此，请你给他写一封回信，提出一些相关的建议。
Dear Tim，
I'm really sorry to know that you are 1.in bad shape (身体状况不佳)recently.Therefore, I'm writing to remind you of some useful tips for you to stay healthy.
First of all, it is essential for you to 2.keep a balanced diet (保持均衡饮食)every day, 3.which is of great benefit to your health (这对你的健康有很大的好处；定语从句)．Apart from that, you are supposed to take enough physical sports. 4.As we know (正如我们所知), sports can not only relieve us from our stress in life and study, 5.but also keep us fit and wise (而且还能使我们保持健康和有智慧)．Last but not least, taking enough sleep every night will also restore our energy and 6.get us well prepared for our study next day (让我们为第二天的学习做好准备)．
I hope you can 7.take my suggestions into serious consideration (认真考虑我的建议)．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua

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