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第2课时 Grammar Rules
单元语法突破
课时学习目标：
1. 掌握形容词、副词比较级和最高级的变化规则；
2. 能够正确使用形容词、副词的比较级和最高级。
语法探究：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的概念
比较级：“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”
最高级：“……是最……的”，用于三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较
She sings better than me. In fact, she sings the best in our class.
她比我唱歌好。事实上，在我们班，她唱歌最好。
二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1. 变化规则
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级在形式上有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
(1) 规则变化
口诀：直
变化规则：单音节词，通常直接加 er/est
例词：tall—taller—tallest
口诀：去
变化规则：以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e，加 er/est
例词：nice—nicer—nicest
口诀：双
变化规则：以重读闭音节结尾，双写尾字母，再加-er/est
例词：big—bigger—biggest
口诀：改
变化规则：以“辅音字母+ y”结尾，改为 i，加 er/est
例词：easy—easier—easiest
口诀：加
变化规则：多音节词，前面加 more 或 most
例词：important—more important—most important
(2) 不规则变化
原级：good/well
比较级：better
最高级：best
原级：many/much
比较级：more
最高级：most
原级：bad/badly/ill
比较级：worse
最高级：worst
原级：little
比较级：less
最高级：least
原级：old
比较级：older/elder
最高级：oldest/eldest
原级：far
比较级：farther/further
最高级：farthest/furthest
2. 形容词、副词的比较级句型
(1) “A + 谓语动词/系动词 + 形容词或副词比较级 + than + B.”
This boy is younger than I. 这个男孩年纪比我小。
Lingling draws better than her brother. 玲玲画得比她哥哥好。
[注意] 在比较级前有时可加一些修饰语, 如 much, a lot, a little, still, even 等以示强调或加强语气。
This box is a little heavier than yours. 这个箱子比你的要稍重一些。
This movie is much more interesting than that one. 这部影片比那部有趣得多。
“A + 谓语动词/系动词 + the + 形容词或副词最高级 ( + 范围).”
[注意] 在句子前面或后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。
Of all the students in my class, she writes the most carefully.
在我班里所有的学生中, 她写得最仔细。
练习题
一、形式转换：写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级形式。
原级 比较级 最高级
1. tall __________ __________
2. nice __________ __________
3. big __________ __________
4. easy __________ __________
5. important __________ __________
6. good/well __________ __________
7. many/much __________ __________
8. bad/badly __________ __________
9. little __________ __________
10. far __________ __________
二、单项选择：从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
1. This box is __________ than that one.
A. more heavier
B. much heavier
C. more heavy
D. heaviest
2. Of all the students, Mary runs __________.
A. fast
B. faster
C. the fastest
D. most fast
3. This story is __________ than that one.
A. interesting
B. more interesting
C. most interesting
D. the most interesting
4. Who is __________, Tom or Mike
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. the tallest
5. This movie is __________ interesting of the three.
A. more
B. the more
C. the most
D. most
6. The weather is getting __________.
A. bad and bad
B. worse and worse
C. worst and worst
D. the worst
7. I have __________ books than you.
A. few
B. fewer
C. fewest
D. the fewest
8. He speaks English __________ than I.
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. the best
9. This is __________ song I have ever heard.
A. beautiful
B. more beautiful
C. the most beautiful
D. most beautiful
10. The __________ you practice, the __________ you will speak.
A. much, well
B. more, better
C. most, best
D. many, good
三、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This question is __________ (easy) than that one.
2. Who jumps __________ (high) in your class
3. My sister is two years __________ (old) than me.
4. This is __________ (interesting) book I have ever read.
5. He works __________ (hard) than before.
6. The sun is __________ (big) than the earth.
7. Which is __________ (heavy), an elephant or a tiger
8. Of all the subjects, I like English __________ (well).
9. Today is __________ (cold) than yesterday.
10. She sings __________ (beautifully) than her sister.
四、改错题：下列句子各有一处错误，请找出并改正。
1. This bag is more cheaper than that one.
__________
2. He is the taller boy in our class.
__________
3. Who is more older, your father or your mother
__________
4. This is the most beautifulest picture.
__________
5. She runs more faster than me.
__________
6. This movie is best than that one.
__________
7. Of the two girls, she is the youngest.
__________
8. He studies more hard than his brother.
__________
9. This box is heaviest than that one.
__________
10. Who is the best student, Tom, Mike or John
__________
五、句式转换：根据要求改写句子，每空一词。
1. Tom is tall. Mike is taller. (合并为一句)
Mike is __________ __________ Tom.
2. This book is interesting. That book is more interesting. (合并为一句)
That book is __________ __________ __________ this one.
3. Lucy is the best singer in our class. (改为比较级)
Lucy sings __________ __________ __________ student in our class.
4. The yellow bag is 50 yuan. The blue bag is 60 yuan. (合并为一句)
The yellow bag is __________ __________ the blue one.
5. No other subject is more popular than English in our class. (改为最高级)
English is __________ __________ __________ subject in our class.
6. I have many books. You have more books. (合并为一句)
You have __________ books __________ I.
7. This problem is less difficult than that one. (改为同义句)
This problem is __________ __________ __________ than that one.
8. He runs fast. I run faster. (合并为一句)
I run __________ __________ he.
9. This is the most expensive dress in the shop. (改为比较级)
This dress is __________ __________ __________ any other dress in the shop.
10. My room is clean. Your room is cleaner. (合并为一句)
Your room is __________ __________ mine.
六、完成句子：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
1. 这个箱子比那个箱子重得多。
This box is __________ __________ than that one.
2. 他是我们班最高的学生。
He is __________ __________ __________ in our class.
3. 黄河是中国第二长的河流。
The Yellow River is __________ __________ __________ river in China.
4. 这本书比那本书有趣多了。
This book is __________ __________ __________ than that one.
5. 越早越好。
__________ __________, __________ __________.
6. 在所有的水果中，我最喜欢苹果。
__________ all the fruits, I like apples __________.
7. 今天比昨天冷一点。
It is __________ __________ __________ today than yesterday.
8. 她英语说得比她哥哥好。
She speaks English __________ __________ her brother.
9. 这是我听过的最美的音乐。
This is __________ __________ __________ music I have ever heard.
10. 两者中哪一个更大？
Which is __________ __________ of the two
参考答案及解析
一、形式转换
1. taller, tallest
2. nicer, nicest
3. bigger, biggest
4. easier, easiest
5. more important, most important
6. better, best
7. more, most
8. worse, worst
9. less, least
10. farther/further, farthest/furthest
二、单项选择
1. B (heavy 的比较级是 heavier，用 much 修饰比较级)
2. C (of all the students 是三者以上，用最高级)
3. B (interesting 是多音节词，比较级前加 more)
4. B (Tom or Mike 是两者比较，用比较级)
5. C (of the three 是三者，用最高级)
6. B (比较级 and 比较级，表示“越来越……”)
7. B (few 的比较级是 fewer)
8. B (well 的比较级是 better)
9. C (I have ever heard 是最高级范围，beautiful 是多音节词)
10. B (the 比较级..., the 比较级...，表示“越……，越……”)
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. easier (easy 的比较级)
2. the highest (in your class 是最高级范围)
3. older (old 的比较级)
4. the most interesting (I have ever read 是最高级范围)
5. harder (hard 的比较级)
6. bigger (big 的比较级)
7. heavier (两者比较用比较级)
8. (the) best (of all the subjects 是最高级范围)
9. colder (两者比较用比较级)
10. more beautifully (beautifully 是多音节副词，比较级前加 more)
四、改错题
1. more cheaper → cheaper (cheap 是单音节词，直接加 er)
2. taller → tallest (in our class 是最高级范围)
3. more older → older (old 的比较级是 older)
4. beautifulest → beautiful (beautiful 是多音节词，最高级是 the most beautiful)
5. more faster → faster (fast 的比较级是 faster)
6. best → better (两者比较用比较级)
7. youngest → younger (两者比较用比较级)
8. more hard → harder (hard 的比较级是 harder)
9. heaviest → heavier (两者比较用比较级)
10. (此句正确)
五、句式转换
1. taller than
2. more interesting than
3. better than any other
4. cheaper than
5. the most popular
6. more, than
7. not as difficult as
8. faster than
9. more expensive than
10. cleaner than
六、完成句子
1. much heavier
2. the tallest student
3. the second longest
4. much more interesting
5. The sooner, the better
6. Of, best
7. a little colder
8. better than
9. the most beautiful
10. the bigger

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