资源简介

(共96张PPT)
Unit 3　The world of science
基础知识过关
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1．gunpowder n.　____________
2．compass n. ____________
3．virtual adj. ____________
4．compute v. ____________
5．stuff n. ____________
6．passive adj. ____________
7．astronomer n. ____________
8．radium n. ____________
9．lightning n. ____________
火药
指南针，罗盘
虚拟的，模拟的
计算
东西，物品
被动的
天文学家
镭(一种化学元素)
闪电
Ⅱ.核心单词
1．________ v. 射出(光线等)，放射
2．________ adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的
3．________ n. 电池
4．________ prep. 无法……；超出；超越
5．________ n. 例子，实例
6．________ n. 化学家
7．________ n. 生物学家
8．________ n. 物种
9．________ n. 小河，小溪
10．______________ adj. 非凡的，出色的
shoot　
flexible　
battery　
beyond　
instance　
chemist
biologist　
species　
stream　
extraordinary　
11．________ adj. 聪颖的，才华横溢的
12．________ n. 学说，理论
13．________ n. 药剂；疗法
14．________ v. 起草，草拟
15．________ n. (科学)实验
16．________ n. 虚构的事，想象的事
17．________ n. 金属
18．________ v. 系，绑；贴
19．________ n. 闪光
20．________ v. 传导(热、电)
21．________ n. 重力，引力
22．________ n. 记述，描述
23．________ n. 程序，步骤，手续
brilliant　
theory　
cure　
draft　
experiment　
fiction　
metal　
attach　
flash　
conduct　
gravity　
account　
procedure
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1．press v．按→________ n．压(力)；压强；强制
2．capable adj.有能力的→________ n．能力
3．desire n．渴望，欲望→________ adj.向往的；可取的
4．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→____________ n．重要性，意义
5．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→________ n．伤；损害
6．accurate adj.精确的→________ adv.精确地
7．minor adj.小的→________ n．少数；少数民族
8．origin n．起源，起因→________ adj.最初的，原始的
pressure　
capability　
desirable　
significance　
injury　
accurately　
minority　
original　
9．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→________ adv.精神上；智力上
10．declaration n．声明，宣告→________ v．宣布
11．scientific adj.科学(上)的→________ n．科学
12．entirely adv.完全地，彻底地→________ adj.全部的，整个的
13．proof n．证明，证据→________ v．证明
mentally　
declare　
science　
entire　
prove
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．____________　除此之外，另外
2．____________ 别轻易说决不
3．____________ 代替，而不是
4．____________ 在……方面；就……而言
5．____________ 有能力做……
6．____________ 担任；从事
7．____________ 导致
8．____________ 难以辨认
9．____________ 根据……来命名
10．____________ 除了……之外(还)
in addition
never say never
instead of　
in terms of
be capable of
work as　
lead to
beyond recognition
be named after...
apart from
Ⅴ.经典句式
1．And now，we ____________________________________．
现在，我们发现自己处于伟大的新技术时代。
2．It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places，____________________________________．
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，电脑技术控制它的“双腿”。
3．So ____________ inspires us to invent things
所以是什么激励我们进行发明创造的呢？
find ourselves in the great new age of technology　
with computing technology controlling its “legs”　
what is it that
4．However，____________________________________ are entirely true.
然而，这个故事以及实验的细节都不完全是真实的。
5．In fact，more than one account suggests that _______________________________________，there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
事实上，不止一种描述说明：虽然牛顿确实是受到了掉落苹果的启发，但是没有证据证明苹果砸到了他的头上。
。
neither the story nor the details of the experiment
while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple
1desire n．渴望，欲望；要求　vt.渴望，希望；要求
　　　
(1)have a strong desire to do sth. 迫切想要做某事
have a strong desire for sth. 急于想得到某物
meet/satisfy one's desire 满足某人的愿望
(2)desire (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事
desire for sth. 想要得到某物
desire that...(should) do... 渴望……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①It is obvious that he is not ambitious and has no desire _____ success.
②We desire that immediate help ________________(give) to the people trapped by the flood.
③The foreign students were greatly impressed by those forms of Chinese art and desired ________(learn) more about them.

for　
(should) be given
to learn
能力提升——微写作
④既然你有强烈的学习中国文化的愿望，我建议你申请北京大学。
Since______________________________________，I suggest you apply for Peking University.
you have a strong desire to learn Chinese culture
2 significant adj.重要的，影响深远的；显著的　significantly adv.有重大意义地；显著地；别有含义地；意味深长地　significance n．重要性，意义　　
(1)be significant to/for... 对……是重要的
It is significant that... 很明显……
(2)be of great significance (＝be very significant) 非常重要
be of no significance 无意义，不重要
attach significance to (doing)．.. 认为(做)……有意义/重要
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Not only does she attach great ________(significant) to reading，but she also spares at least 20 minutes every day to read.
②[2023·北京卷]In recent years, researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short termism is now a ________(significance) problem in industrialised societies.
significance　
significant　

能力提升——微写作
③[2023·全国甲卷]孔子在中国文化中起着如此重要的作用，以至于他的重要性再强调也不为过。
Confucius plays so important a role in Chinese culture that ________
_____________________．
the significance
of him cannot be overstated
3 attach vt.& vi.附加；缚上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接　attached adj.依恋；附属于　attachment n．附件；附属物

(1)attach...to... 把……固定/附在……上
attach great importance/significance/value to sth.
认为……有重要性/意义/有价值
attach oneself to... 依附……；缠着……
(2)be attached to 附属于；依恋
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2022·浙江6月卷]High levels of knowledge can make people too ________ (attach) to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts, sciences, and politics.
②While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach ________ them.

attached　
to
能力提升——微写作
③[2022·全国甲卷]首先，我们要做的是重视日常行为。
First of all, what we can do is to ______________________________．
attach importance to our daily actions
4cure n．药剂；疗法　vt.治愈；治疗；纠正/去除(弊端等)
　　　　　
a cure for... ……的治疗方法；治愈……的方法
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的不良行为
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Music has a magic power to bring relief and satisfaction and even cure people ________ diseases.
②Seeing patients suffering great pains，doctors tried their best to seek a new cure ________ the disease.

of　
for　
能力提升——微写作
③在父母和老师的帮助下，我改正了自己的一些不好的学习习惯，并在学习上取得了进步。
With the help of my parents and teachers，I ___________________
_____________ and made progress in my study.
cured myself of some bad
learning habits
5account n．记述，描述；说明；账户；账目；报道　vi. & vt.认为；说明；总计有
(1)on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不
give a full account of 对……作详细的描述
take sth. into account
＝take account of sth. 对某事加以考虑
(2)account for 解释，说明；占……(比例)
基础练习——单句语法填空
①On account ________ the unexpected heavy rain, we had more difficulty finding our way home.
②However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account ________ 18% and 12%.
③I'm writing to give you a full account ________ my unforgettable experience in a volunteer programme.
④The professor warned the students that ________ no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
of　
for　
of
on　
能力提升——微写作
⑤我真诚地希望您能在方便的时候考虑我的建议。
I sincerely hope that you will _____________________________ at your convenience.
take my suggestions into account
【名师点津】　
on no account是表示否定意义的短语，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有by no means, in no way, in no case, on no condition, under no circumstances, at no time等。
6in terms of在……方面，从……方面来说，就……而言

(1)be on good/bad terms (with...) 关系良好/不好
(2)in the long/short term/run 就长远/短期而言
基础练习——单句语法填空
①To keep up good relationships with your classmates, you should learn to be on good terms ________ them.
②Learning is not always easy, but it is beneficial to us ________ the long term/run.
能力提升——微写作
③人们普遍认为学生应该以综合素质来评价。
It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated ________________．
with　
in
in terms of overall quality
7due to由于……；因为……

be due to do sth. 预定做某事
(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
(be) due to sth. 由于/因为某事
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2023·全国乙卷]I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due ________ being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
②The meeting isn't due ________ (start)until four o'clock in the afternoon.
能力提升——微写作
③我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，一定要归功于我的健康生活。
I think my long and active life must be __________________ I live.
to　
to start
due to the healthy life
【名师指津】　
表示“由于；因为”的其他短语： on account of; because of; as a result of。
8in addition除此之外，另外　additional adj.额外的，附加的

in addition＝besides/furthermore/what's more 另外，而且
in addition to＝besides/apart from/as well as 除……之外，还……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2022·北京卷]__________ (addition), it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day.

能力提升——用in addition/in addition to完成句子
②____________， there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot.
③____________ reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.
Additionally　
In addition
In addition to


(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)(教材原句)Meanwhile, I find myself looking back at my senior year，and thinking about all the wonderful things that have happened.
与此同时，我发现自己在回顾我的高中最后一年的时光，并追忆所有发生过的美好往事。
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2023·北京卷]I found myself ________ (work) with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely.
②But when the police arrived, they found the door ________ (lock) and all the windows closed.
③That's why she often finds herself ________ (help) when she meets with some challenges.

working　
locked　
helpless　
能力提升——句式升级
④He found that his daughter was surrounded by letters and books and she was looking very worried.
→He ________________________ by letters and books and looking very worried.(分词作宾补)
found his daughter surrounded
10句型公式：“more than one＋单数可数名词”作主语
(教材原句)More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.
数代学生都叹服于他(富兰克林)的勇气与追求真理时采用的科学手段。
(1)“more than one/many a＋单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
(2)either, neither, each, every或no＋单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数形式。
(3)用or, either...or, neither...nor..., not only...but also等连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数同最邻近的主语保持一致。
基础练习——微写作
①许多学生通过了考试，这使他们的老师非常高兴。
Many a student ____________________， which made their teacher more than delighted.
②不仅学生而且老师都想去爬山。
Not only the students but also the teacher ________________．
③多位专家应邀就他们取得非凡成就的领域发表演讲。
__________________________________________ about the field where they have made extraordinary achievements.
has passed the exam
wants to go climbing
More than one expert was invited to deliver a speech
维度一　词形转换练
1．[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷]Though overtourism is described as a problem ________ (affect) the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
2．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more ________ (accuracy) estimate.
affecting　
accurate　
3．[2023·全国乙卷]From the English side, we have ________ (science) reports and the captain's record of that terrible day.
4．[2023·全国甲卷] “Grizzly bears are re occupying large areas of their former range，” says bear ________ (biology) Chris Servheen.
5．[2023·全国乙卷] However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset ________ (entire)．
scientific　
biologist　
entirely　
6．[2022·浙江1月卷]From this project, we also learned the ________ (significant)of teammates.
7．While the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood ________(press)．
significance　
pressure
维度二　固定搭配和句型
1．[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷]You'll compete ________ fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
2．In addition ________ saving money, cheese brine could also be a more eco friendly option.
3．Apart ________ its low price, the advantage of this car lies in its good quality.
with　
to　
from　
4．It's disappointing that no one could come ________ with a good idea to help us out of trouble.
5．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]________ more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent.
6．[2023·全国甲卷]Both efforts were overturned due ________ lawsuits from conservation groups.
up　
In　
to
维度三　清除阅读障碍
一词多义——根据语境写出due/due to的词义
1．Many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.________
2．She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.________
3．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.________
4．The old man said the accident was due to careless driving, so a lot of money was due to be paid by the driver.________
因为
预定的
到期的
由于；应支付
维度四　完成句子/句式升级
1．逛了一圈之后，我们发现自己在一个陌生的路上迷路了。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
After wandering around, we ________________ in a strange road.
2．由于在事故中严重受伤，她被送去了最近的医院。(分词短语作状语)
________________________， she was sent to the nearest hospital.
found ourselves lost
Badly injured in the accident
3．每个人都渴望成功，但并不是每个人都有勇气与决心去追求成功。(desire n．)
Everyone ____________________， but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it.
4．He is attached to the network games so that he often plays truant (逃课). (用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→________________________， he often plays truant.
has a desire for success
Attached to the network games
读后续写思维拓展训练之15——天气状况
“天气状况”之多样表达：
1．rainy adj. 下雨的，多雨的
2.stormy adj. 有暴风雨的；有风暴的
3．violent adj. 猛烈的， 狂暴的
4.freezing/chilly adj. 寒冷的；极冷的
5．sunshine n. 阳光
6.breeze n. 微风
7．continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨
8.in the blinding rain 在茫茫大雨中
9．unbearably hot 热得难以忍受
10.in the warm spring sunshine 在春天温暖的阳光里
11．clear up 变晴
12.fierce/heavy/violent storms 狂风暴雨
7．continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨
8.in the blinding rain 在茫茫大雨中
9．unbearably hot 热得难以忍受
10.in the warm spring sunshine 在春天温暖的阳光里
11．clear up 变晴
12.fierce/heavy/violent storms 狂风暴雨
佳句观摩
1.一阵凉风吹过公园。
一般句：A cool breeze blew through the park.
提升句：A cool breeze blew through the park and made the heat pleasantly bearable (让炎热的天气变得稍微舒适了一些)．
2．到三点时，雨停了。
一般句：By three o'clock, the rain had stopped.
提升句：By three o'clock, the rain had stopped and the gray sky was burdened with lumps of clouds (灰色的天空阴云密布)．
3．不久，雪花飘落下来。
一般句：Soon the snow flakes fell down.
提升句：Soon the tiny snow flakes floated softly down, like flocks of little white birds (小小的雪花轻轻地飘落下来，就像一群白色的小鸟)．
好句仿写
1.在那下雨的夜晚，很少有人敢出去。
一般句：Very few people ventured to go out on that rainy night.
提升句：Very few people ventured to go out _____________________ (在那个风雨交加且寒冷的夜晚)．
on that stormy and freezing night
2．大雪覆盖了一切。
一般句：Snow covers everything.
提升句：When it snows, ________________________ (万物都变得雪白明亮). ____________________________________ (树上、房子上都覆盖着厚厚的一层雪)．
everything turns white and bright
Trees and houses are all covered with thick snow
3．昨天夜里，北风呼啸。
一般句：Last night, the cold north wind blew.
提升句：Last night, the cold north wind blew, __________________
(巨大的雪云笼罩着天空). _________________________________ (看不见一颗星星，整个天空也不见一丝蓝色)．
great snow clouds over the sky
Not a star, not a bit of blue sky could be seen
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
A
(2025·武昌区高三年级质量检测) At the end of 2019, I learned that HereAfter AI, whose goal is to let the living communicate with the dead, was looking for applicants of its new AI project. Interested in what it was promising, I applied to experiment the software on my very-much-alive parents.
At first, I thought it would be just a fun project to see what was technologically possible. Then their health condition added some urgency to the experiment. I was frightened that my parents might die since my father had been diagnosed with cancer and my mother was recently developing symptoms of early Alzheimer's disease, and that with the distance between us, I might never have the chance to say goodbye.
The first step was an interview. My parents were asked questions by a technician for hours—about everything from their earliest memories to what they believe will happen after they die. Whether through illness-generated concerns or a willingness to humor their daughter, my parents put up zero resistance. The company then took their responses and started to create the voice assistants. A few months later, my virtual parents arrived via email attachment.
When I communicated with them through the app on my phone, my hands were shaking. I hadn't seen my actual, real parents for six months. They told me personal stories I'd never heard. They gave me life advice and told me things about their childhoods, as well as my own. It was mesmerizing.
Personally, I have mixed feelings about my experiment. I'm glad to have my virtual parents. They've enabled me to learn new things about my parents, and it's comforting to think that those bots will be there even when my parents aren't.
On the other hand, I can't help but find it sad that it took a stranger interviewing my parents for me to properly appreciate the complex people they are. But I feel lucky to have had the chance to grasp that—and to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with them and learn more about them, face to face, no technology involved.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与HereAfter AI项目，通过AI技术与虚拟的父母进行交流的经历和感受。
1．Why did the author initially join the AI project？(　　)
A．To preserve her parents' voice.
B．To test out the new technology.
C．To learn more about her parents' life.
D．To remove the worry about her parents' health.
答案：B　
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“At first, I thought it would be just a fun project to see what was technologically possible.” 可知，作者加入这个项目的主要目的是测试新技术可能是什么样子。故选B。
2．What can we learn about the author's parents？(　　)
A．They liked talking a lot.
B．They died from the illnesses.
C．They provided data for the project.
D．They opposed joining the project at first.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“My parents were asked questions by a technician for hours—about everything from their earliest memories to what they believe will happen after they die. Whether through illness generated concerns or a willingness to humor their daughter, my parents put up zero resistance. The company then took their responses and started to create the voice assistants.” 可知，作者的父母为项目提供了数据。故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “mesmerizing” mean in Paragraph 4？(　　)
A．Fascinating. B．Alarming. C．Inspiring. D．Entertaining.
答案：A　
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中“I hadn't seen my actual, real parents for six months. They told me personal stories I'd never heard. They gave me life advice and told me things about their childhoods, as well as my own.”可知，作者的父母向他讲述了以前自己从没听过的个人故事，这真是令人着迷。所以画线单词与fascinating“令人着迷的”意思相同。故选A。
4．What does the author realize at last？(　　)
A．AI means never saying goodbye to our parents.
B．The real connection with our parents matters most.
C．The advances in AI technology have pros and cons.
D．AI allows us to learn more about our virtual parents.
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者在最后一段意识到了与父母的真正联系是最重要的。故选B。
B
(2025·石家庄毕业年级摸底检测) As more and more species near extinction, scientists have been collecting samples from animals, plants and other creatures and storing them in biobanks across the globe. But climate change, environmental disasters and wars threaten these modern Noah's arks. Now, a team of researchers is brainstorming an out-of-this-world solution: building one of these vaults (库) on the moon.
A biobank in a permanently shadowed region at the moon's south pole could be far more stable than those on Earth. This part of the moon usually remains around －196° Celsius, perfect for storing most animal cells long-term, marine biologist Mary Hagedorn and colleagues report in BioScience.
Hagedorn and colleagues drew inspiration from the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway which takes advantage of below-zero Arctic temperatures to preserve millions of seeds from around the world. In 2017, melting (融化) frozen soil threatened to flood the vault, highlighting the need for a backup plan.
A different team has proposed building a lunar ark in lava (熔岩) tubes that run beneath the moon's surface. But that design requires a solar-powered cooling system; any loss of power and the samples would be destroyed. In the moon's forever-frozen shadowed regions, a lunar vault wouldn't need energy or constant human maintenance, Hagedorn's team says.
Given the shadowy south pole's low temperatures, Hagedorn says, a vault there could store “one of the most powerful cells that we have today” —fibroblasts. Scientists can transform these animal cells into stem cells, “and then those stem cells can be used for cloning，” she says.
The cells could be valuable for regenerating populations of threatened or extinct species and for building ecosystems in future human settlements on the moon or Mars.
The proposal has its share of barriers. For instance, the moon's permanently dark regions aren't free from temperature swings, says lunar scientist Benjamin Greenhagen of the Johns Hopkins University. “They are still cold but perhaps not always cold enough for this project without some level of temperature management.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述随着气候变化和人类活动对地球的威胁日益加剧，科学家们提议在月球上建立一个生物库，以保护地球上的濒危物种。
5．Why is the moon an ideal place for the biobank？(　　)
A．It's not affected by wars.
B．It's not environmentally polluted.
C．It has proper temperatures.
D．It has rich resources for research.
答案：C　
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“This part of the moon usually remains around －196° Celsius, perfect for storing most animal cells long term”可知，月球温度适宜，是建立生物库的理想之地。故选C。
6．What led to Hagedorn's proposal of a lunar biobank？(　　)
A．The solar-powered cooling system.
B．The lava tubes on the moon's surface.
C．The problem facing the Norway Vault.
D．The discovery of ice on the lunar pole.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hagedorn and colleagues drew inspiration from the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway which takes advantage of below zero Arctic temperatures to preserve millions of seeds from around the world. In 2017, melting (融化) frozen soil threatened to flood the vault, highlighting the need for a backup plan.”可知，挪威的斯瓦尔巴全球种子库面临的问题致使Hagedorn提出建立一个月球生物库。故选C。
7．What can scientists use fibroblasts to do？(　　)
A．Form stem cells for cloning.
B．Explore moon soil conditions.
C．Help land humans on the moon.
D．Improve the eco-system of the earth.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Given the shadowy south pole's low temperatures, Hagedorn says, a vault there could store ‘one of the most powerful cells that we have today’ —fibroblasts. Scientists can transform these animal cells into stem cells, ‘and then those stem cells can be used for cloning，’ she says.”可知，成纤维细胞可以转化为干细胞用于克隆。故选A。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．Lunar Exploration: The Next Frontier for Cloning
B．Relieving Climate Change: The Moon Biobank Project
C．The Moon as a Backup: A New Solution for Seed Storage
D．Building Biobanks on the Moon: A Proposal to Save Biodiversity
答案：D　
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Now, a team of researchers is brainstorming an out of this world solution: building one of these vaults (库) on the moon.”可知，文章主要讲述随着气候变化和人类活动对地球的威胁日益加剧，科学家们提议在月球上建立一个生物库，以保护地球上的濒危物种。故选D。
C
(2025·南昌高三第一次大联考) A new center at the Stanford School of Engineering will fund artificial intelligence in the service of space science, exploration, and business.
The Center for AEroSpace Autonomy Research, or CAESAR, aims to make these activities more efficient, safe, and sustainable. Researchers at the center say that AI could optimize navigation for spacecraft, skillfully land space vehicles on planets or asteroids (小行星), allow unmanned rovers to make decisions about where to go, what to avoid, and what to analyze, keep tabs on all the space junk (some 60，000 pieces, at last count) spinning around Earth, and much more.
To enable such ambitions, Marco Pavone, CAESAR co-founder and associate professor of aeronautics and astronautics, announced that one of the center's main projects will be to develop a foundation model for space pursuits. A foundation model is a kind of general-purpose AI that's trained on huge amounts of data and can handle a variety of tasks, like generating text, images, and even videos. “This space foundation model，” Pavone said, “will be designed to synthesize (合成) information across a range of modalities, including vision, text, remote sensing (such as multispectral imagery and radar), and space-object catalogs, and will be capable of addressing a variety of space-related tasks, including situational awareness, positioning, and navigation.”
Simone D'Amico, CAESAR co-founder and associate professor of aeronautics and astronautics, made it clear that he, Pavone, and their colleagues plan to proceed cautiously, with eyes wide open to the potential pitfalls (隐患) of pursuing AI for spacecraft and robots. He said that in some cases, AI components are not the most effective choice for space systems.
“We founded CAESAR with the objective to tackle unsolved problems in spaceborne autonomy through the wise incorporation (合并) of artificial intelligence components，” D'Amico said.
Though the space foundation model will be a game changer, D'Amico also noted the restrictions space imposes on the startup technology. For example, space is a difficult, remote environment that's not readily available for AI training, and powerful microprocessors needed for AI are still not flexible to space radiation.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福工程学院新成立的空间自主研究中心(CAESAR)的情况，包括其成立目的、主要研究方向以及面临的挑战，尤其是CAESAR在与太空相关的人工智能方面的尝试。
9．What are CAESAR intended for？(　　)
A．Clearing up the space junk.
B．Doing space activities by AI.
C．Navigating planets and asteroids.
D．Raising space-related fund.
答案：B　
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A new center at the Stanford School of Engineering will fund artificial intelligence in the service of space science, exploration, and business.”和第二段中“The Center for AEroSpace Autonomy Research, or CAESAR, aims to make these activities more efficient, safe, and sustainable.”可知，CAESAR的目的是用人工智能进行太空活动。故选B。
10．What is one of CAESAR's main pursuits according to the text？(　　)
A．To develop a foundation model to help deal with different missions.
B．To adopt the off-the-beaten-track incorporation of AI sets.
C．To provide once-and-for-all solutions to space problems.
D．To address potential pitfalls of AI used in space exploration.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Marco Pavone, CAESAR co founder and associate professor of aeronautics and astronautics, announced that one of the center's main projects will be to develop a foundation model for space pursuits”可知，CAESAR的主要追求之一是开发一个基础模型来帮助处理不同的任务。故选A。
11．What is D'Amico's attitude towards CAESAR？(　　)
A．Cautious. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving.
答案：A　
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Simone D'Amico, CAESAR co founder and associate professor of aeronautics and astronautics, made it clear that he, Pavone, and their colleagues plan to proceed cautiously, with eyes wide open to the potential pitfalls (隐患) of pursuing AI for spacecraft and robots.”可知，D'Amico对CAESAR的态度是谨慎的。故选A。
12．What is a suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．CAESAR's Exploration in Asteroids
B．CAESAR's Success in Engineering
C．CAESAR's Attempt with Space-related AI
D．CAESAR's Restrictions on Robots
答案：C　
解析：标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了斯坦福工程学院新成立的空间自主研究中心(CAESAR)的情况，包括其成立目的、主要研究方向以及面临的挑战，尤其是CAESAR在与太空相关的人工智能方面的尝试，因此C选项“CAESAR在与太空相关人工智能方面的尝试”作为标题最符合文章主旨。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·昆明高三第二次模拟) It's common to communicate by way of text, and that works well for everything from setting plans with a friend to asking you to pick up a grocery item. 1(____). Fighting over text can cause problems and can even break up friendships or partnerships. Ahead, we'll examine why.
There's no vocal tone involved
When we speak, the person we're talking to can tell how serious or light we are by our tone. 2(____). Everything is flat in writing, so without vocal tone to clarify, it's easy to assume the worst in someone and their intentions.
3(____)
We also communicate in person through nonverbal ways. How we act physically lets others know how we feel. And without that in text, an argument can be worsened to a terrible point without one person even becoming aware of how upset the other is.
Different communication paces affect a lot
4(____). And when arguing, it can get even faster. It happens not to read all of a person's reply before you respond again, and the more upset you get, the harder it may be to express yourself clearly or to understand the person you're fighting with.
Emojis and gifs can be hurtful
In the same way that visual communication tools like emojis and gifs can add fun to conversations, they can also make things much worse in a text disagreement. It can be challenging to know when you've taken emojis or gifs to a hurtful place, especially if the other person holds in that information and doesn't tell you at the moment. 5(____).
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。人们使用文本信息作为交流方式，可能会引发问题，甚至会破坏友谊或伙伴关系。文章分析了其中的原因。
A．Body language is absent
B．Text, on the other hand, has no tone
C．Long-term healthy relationships collapse
D．Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange
E．This happens if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion
F．However, we may have taken communication by text too far
G．Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction
1．答案：F　
解析：根据上文“It's common to communicate by way of text, and that works well for everything from setting plans with a friend to asking you to pick up a grocery item.”和下文“Fighting over text can cause problems and can even break up friendships or partnerships.”可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且引起下文，说明人们过于注重短信交流。故选F。
2．答案：B　
解析：根据下文“Everything is flat in writing, so without vocal tone to clarify, it's easy to assume the worst in someone and their intentions.”可知，短信表达不出语气。故B选项“另一方面，文本信息表达不出语气”切题。故选B。
3．答案：A　
解析：根据下文“We also communicate in person through nonverbal ways. How we act physically lets others know how we feel. And without that in text, an argument can be worsened to a terrible point without one person even becoming aware of how upset the other is.”可知，本段主要说文本交流缺乏肢体语言。故A选项“文本交流缺乏肢体语言”切题，为本段的小标题。故选A。
4．答案：D　
解析：根据下文“And when arguing, it can get even faster.”可知，文本交流是一种快速的互动交流。故D选项“文本交流是一种快速的互动交流”切题。Quick呼应faster。故选D。
5．答案：E　
解析：根据上文“It can be challenging to know when you've taken emojis or gifs to a hurtful place, especially if the other person holds in that information and doesn't tell you at the moment.”可知，选项承接上文说明这种情况发生的地点。故E选项“如果他在讨论中感到不安全，就会发生这种情况”切题。故选E。

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