资源简介

(共95张PPT)
Unit 1　Food for thought
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1．maple n.　____________
2．pudding n. ____________
3．snack n. ____________
4．cuisine n. ____________
5．butcher n. ____________
6．bacon n. ____________
7．sausage n. ____________
8．toast n. ____________
枫树，槭树
布丁
(正餐以外的)小吃，点心
烹饪(法)
肉贩
(通常切成薄片的)咸猪肉，熏猪肉
香肠
烤面包(片)，吐司
9．butter n. ____________
10．roast n. ____________
adj. ____________
11．tofu n. ____________
12．cheese n. ____________
13．china n. ____________
14．steak n. ____________
15．incredibly adv. ____________
16．bitter adj. ____________
17．bakery n. ____________
黄油，牛油
大块烤肉；
烤好的，烤制的
豆腐
干酪，奶酪
瓷，瓷料
牛排
极端地，非常地
苦的，有苦味的
面包店，糕饼店
18．creamy adj. ____________
19．acid n. ____________
20．yoghurt n. ____________
21．swing v. ____________
22．honey n. ____________
23．chef n. ____________
24．recipe n. ____________
25．sour adj. ____________
26．onion n. ____________
似奶油的，软厚平滑的，光滑细软的
酸
酸乳，酸奶
(使)(前后)摆动，(使)摇摆
蜂蜜
厨师
烹饪法，食谱
酸(味)的
洋葱(头)
Ⅱ.核心单词
1．________ modal verb 胆敢，敢于
2．________ n. 婚礼
3．________ n. 种，类
4．________ adj. 极好的，了不起的
5．________ v. 聚集
6．________ n. 咬
7．________ n. 意见，看法
8．________ v. 下载(信息或程序)
9．________ n. 日常饮食
10．________ n. 指点，建议
11．________ n. 风俗，习惯，传统
dare
wedding
sort
super
gather
bite
opinion
download
diet
tip
custom
12．_________ n. 礼貌，礼仪
13．_________ n. 诀窍，技巧，技法
14．_________ n. 盘，碟
15．_________ n. 柄，把手
16．_________ prep. 在……里
17．_________ v. 确定，发现
18．_________ v. 写博客n. 博客，网络日志
19．_________ n. 排行，排名
20．_________ n. 官员，高级职员
21．_________ v. 忍住，按捺
22．_________ n. (禽类的)胸脯肉
manners
trick
plate
handle
within
identify
blog
ranking
official
resist
breast
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1．marriage n．婚姻→________ v．结婚
2．typical adj.典型的，有代表性的→________ n．类型　v．打字
3．suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦→________ n．苦难
4．horrible adj.糟糕的→________ adv.可怕地，非常地
5．poison n．毒素，毒物，毒药→________ adj.有毒的
6．symbol n．象征，标志→________ adj.象征的；符号的
7．function n．(事物的)功能；作用→________ adj.实用的；功能的
8．related adj.有关系的，相关的→________ v．与……有联系，相关联→________ n．亲戚→________ n．关系
marry
type
suffering
horribly
poisonous
symbolic
functional
relate
relative
relation
9．addict n．对……着迷的人→________ adj.入迷的，上瘾的→________ n．上瘾，沉溺
10．differ v．不同，不一样；有区别→________ adj.不同的→________ n．区别，差异
11．slightly adv.略微，稍微→________ adj.轻微的，少量的
12．recommend v．推荐→_____________ n．推荐信
13．attack v．侵袭，侵蚀→________ n．攻击者
14．construction n．建造，建筑→________ v．建造，建筑→__________ v．重建，再建
addicted
addiction
different
difference
slight
recommendation
attacker
construct
reconstruct
15．belong v．属于→_________ n．财产；附属物
16．satisfying adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的→________ v．使满意，使满足→________ adj.感到满意的→_________ n．满意
17．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→___________ adv.方便地；便利地→__________ n．便利
18．originally adv.原先，最初→________ adj.原先的，最初的
19．salty adj.含盐的，咸的→________ n．盐
20．adapt v．(使)适应，(使)适合→__________ n．适应；适合
belongings
satisfy
satisfied
satisfaction
conveniently
convenience
original
salt
adaptation
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．______________　使某人想起某事
2．______________ 幸亏，由于
3．______________ 遭受
4．______________ 偶然遇到
5．______________ 爱上，喜欢上
6．______________ 喜欢
7．______________ 以防万一
8．______________ 属于
9．______________ (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来
10．______________ 打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈
11．______________ 拿起，捡起；买，购买
12．______________ 抚养
remind sb. of sth.
thanks to
suffer from
come across
fall in love with
take to
in case
belong to
end up
catch up
pick up
bring up
Ⅴ.经典句式
1．The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes _________ we drink them.
碳酸饮料中的糖分会形成酸，每次我们喝它们，酸就会攻击我们的牙齿约20分钟。
2．He ______________ I was joking.
他一定以为我在开玩笑。
3．My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often _______ tired _______ eat much anyway.
我的冰箱通常是半空的，而且我经常累得吃不下多少。
each time
must have thought
too
to
4．As a doctor，I know I had better change ____________，but I just don't have the time or the energy right now.
作为一名医生，我知道我最好改变我的饮食方式，但我现在没有时间和精力。
5．_______________ gives us a chance to relax and catch up on each other's days.
一起做饭给了我们一个放松的机会，也让我们有机会聊聊彼此日常的情况。
the way I eat
Cooking together
1 suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦；遭受；忍受；经历　suffering n. 痛苦；苦恼　sufferer n.受难者；患病者
　　　　　　　　
suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
suffer from 遭受；患病
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2024·浙江1月卷，改编]It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades ________ (suffer) as a result.
②There are always some ups and downs in our life，but it is the ________(suffer) that make us stronger.
③Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered ________ blindness for lack of proper treatment.
will suffer
sufferings　
from　
能力提升——句式升级
④He had never suffered such defeat in his life, so he almost lost the hope for life.
______________________________， he almost lost the hope for life.(分词作状语)
Not having suffered such defeat in his life
2recommend vt.推荐；建议；介绍；劝告　recommendation n．推荐；建议
　　　
recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth.to sb. 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb. as　 推荐某人担任……
recommend doing sth.　 建议做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb.(should) do sth. 建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
基础练习——单句语法填空
①My English teacher recommended ________ (buy) an English Chinese dictionary which he thought would be of great help to my studies.
②[2022·浙江6月卷]Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a ____________ (recommend)．
③He recommended that she ________ (do) some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
buying　
recommendation　
(should) do
能力提升——微写作
④我写信是想推荐汤姆，一个说英语很流利的毕业生，当你的助手。
________________________________________________________________________
I am writing to recommend Tom，a graduate who is fluent in English，as your assistant.
3convenient adj.方便的，便利的(convenience n．便利，方便)
　
(1)It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事
sth. be convenient for/to sb. 某物对某人来说是方便的
(2)at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for convenience 为了方便起见
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Would it be convenient for you ________(pick) me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport
②I often keep my reference books near my desk ________ convenience.
能力提升——微写作
③如果您能在您方便的时候尽早给我回信，我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could reply to my letter ______________．
to pick
for
at your earliest convenience
4 adapt v．使适合，(使)适应；改编　adaptation n．适应；改编；改写本　adaptable adj.能适应的；可修改的

adapt to 适应，适合
adapt (oneself) to 使自己适应于
adapt sth. from 根据……改编某物
adapt...for... 改(编)……为……用
be adapted for 为……而改写、改编
基础练习——单句语法填空
①As far as I know, the TV play ________ (adapt) from a true story.
②Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the ________ (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.
③I hold the firm belief that she will deal with the changes very well，because she is very ________ (adapt)．
is adapted
adaptation　
adaptable　
能力提升——微写作
④参加一些网络汉语口语课程可帮助你适应汉语的语言环境。
Taking some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to ____________________________________________．
adapt to the Chinese language environment
5resist v．抵抗，对抗；忍住　resistance n. 抗拒，抵抗力　resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抗拒的
　　　　　
(1)resist doing sth. 反对做某事
can't resist doing sth. 禁不住做某事
(2)be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2024·浙江1月卷]．..and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle ________ (resist) tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat.
②The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist ________ (take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
to resist
taking　
③The ________ (resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
④Many young girls aren't ________ (resist) to some delicious food, so they become fat.
能力提升——读后续写之生动表达
⑤听到这个消息，我们都非常激动，忍不住想要参与其中。
On hearing the news, we were extremely excited and __________________________________ it.
resistance　
resistant　
couldn't resist the desire to be involved in
6differ v．不一样；不同，有区别　difference n．不同之处　different adj.不同的
(1)differ in 在……方面不同
differ from 与……不同
differ from...in... 与……在……方面不同/有区别
(2)make a difference 起作用；有影响
tell the difference between...and... 区分……与……
(3)be different from...in... 与……在……方面不同
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Little by little, these ________ (difference) kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.
②The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly ________ character.
能力提升——微写作
③帮助那些困难的人可以给他们的世界带来很大的影响。
Helping those in trouble can ______________________________．
different　
in
make a difference to their world
7addict n．对……着迷的人

(1)addicted adj. 上瘾的；有瘾的，入迷的
be/become/get addicted to... 沉迷于……；热爱……，迷上……
(2)addiction n. 上瘾，入迷，嗜好
addiction to 对……上瘾
(3)addictive adj. (药物等)使人上瘾的
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Addicted to ________ (surf) the Internet, many kids have lost interest in study.
②It was only later that the drug was shown to be ________ (addict)．
③She kicked her three pack a day cigarette habit, and overcame her ________ (addict) to alcohol.
surfing　
addictive　
addiction　
能力提升——微写作
④得知你热爱乒乓球，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队。
Learning that ____________________________， I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.
you are/get addicted to table tennis
8in case 以防万一；如果
in case of 假使；以防
in no case 无论如何不；决不
in any case 无论如何；总之
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话
as is often the case 这是常有的事；情况往往如此
in some case 在某些情况下
a classic case 一个典型事例
基础练习——语段填空
________________ (这是常有的事), we students feel as if sitting on pins and needles before the final examination. Firstly, _________ (决不) should we lose patience. Besides, drink a cup of hot milk _________ (以防) we have difficulty sleeping. Last but not least, keep our notes on hand _______ (万一发生) some forgotten knowledge points. _________ (假使这样的话), we are certain to gain an excellent academic performance.
As is often the case
in no case
in case
in case of
In this case
9pick up买；购买；捡起；拿起；接收(信号)；(偶然)学会；(用车)接(人)；(健康、生意等)好转；买到
　　　　　　　
pick out 挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解
pick off 摘掉；摘下来
pick yourself up (跌倒后)站起来；振作起来
基础练习——单句语法填空
①My parents want me to go to the airport with them to pick ________ my grandparents.
②I sincerely hope you can help me pick ________ some interesting books related to science.
能力提升——读后续写之生动表达
③[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]没过多久，他又振作起来，继续他的任务。
It didn't take long before _____________________ and continued his mission.
up　
out　
he picked himself up again
10bring up抚养；教育；提出；呕吐
　　　　　　　　
bring about 引起；导致(事故、变化等)
bring back 使某物恢复；使回忆起某事
bring down 使……降低；使……倒下
bring in 引入；赚得；挣得
bring out 使显现出；取出；阐明；出版
基础练习——用bring短语填空
①[2022·全国乙卷]The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has ________ half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate.
②[2022·浙江1月卷]Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress __________ by the steams and electric revolutions in America.
③This picture often ____________ to me many happy memories of my high school days.
brought in
brought about
brings back
能力提升——微写作
④父母抚养我们长大不容易，所以我们要体贴他们，多做家务活。
It is really a hard thing ______________________， so we should be considerate of them and do more housework.
for our parents to bring us up
11句型公式：each time引导时间状语从句
(教材原句)The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.碳酸饮料中的糖分会形成酸，每次我们喝它们，酸就会攻击我们的牙齿约20分钟。
　　　　　　　　　
(1)名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句：
every time每当……的时候
the＋序数词＋time第……次
the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)
next time下次
(2)directly, instantly, immediately作连词时，意为“一……就……”
基础练习——单句语法填空
①________ time I hear this English song, I can't help thinking of my friend Anna.
②Be careful! The machine starts ________ (instant) you press the button.
Each/Every
instantly
能力提升—— 一句多译
他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时就感兴趣。
③He became interested in the young teacher's lesson ____________ he attended his class.
④He became interested in the young teacher's lesson when he attended his class ____________．
the first time
for the first time
12句型公式：too...to do sth. 太……而不能做某事
(教材原句)My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too tired to eat much anyway.
我的冰箱通常是半空的，而且我总是很累，吃不下太多东西。　　　　　
(1)too...to...与not或never连用时，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”
(2)too＋adj.(anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing, etc.) to do sth.(表示肯定意义)非常/很……做某事
基础练习——单句语法填空
①As a foreigner，it is too difficult ___________ (understand) the true meaning and the culture of a Tang poem.
②She was ________ eager to return to her hometown after 10 years living abroad.
能力提升——读后续写之生动表达
③醒来的时候他发现自己太虚弱而不能站起来。
When he woke up，he found that he ________________________．
to understand　
too　
was too weak to get on his feet
维度一　词形转换练
1．[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，改编]Between the girl making my ________ (achieve) seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
2．[2024·浙江1月卷]Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, ________ (resist) the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
achievement　
resisting　
3．[2023·北京卷]What she proposed didn't seem as exciting as the ________ (origin) project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
4．[2023·全国乙卷]Although my fingers were painful after a few hours' practice, I felt ______ (satisfy) that I could play a music piece completely.
5．[2023·北京卷]The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive ________ (differ) in their communities through sport.
6．[2023·北京卷] In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ________ (rank) factors.
original　
satisfied
difference　
ranking　
7．[2023·北京卷]A “habit loop(环)” is a way of describing several ________ (relate) elements that produce habits.
8．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]It is also being used to help patients ________ (suffer)dementia, a serious illness of the mind.
9．In 1844, they bought it for $1，200 and some land from Charles Dresser，who performed their ________(marry)ceremony in 1842.
10．The project under ________ (construct) in the city will be completed at the end of this month.
related　
suffering　
marriage　
construction
维度二　固定搭配和句型
1．[2024·浙江1月卷]Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ________ you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
2．[2023·全国乙卷]However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended ________ almost missing the sunset entirely.
3．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Thanks ________ my teacher, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer.
4．[2023·全国甲卷]Those tomatoes had taste that reminded me ______ the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.
or　
up　
to　
of　
5．[2022·全国乙卷]Because of their lack of self discipline, they're more easily addicted to ________ (chat) online or playing games.
6．The identity card doesn't belong ________ me，though the picture looks particularly similar to me.
7．When staying with them，he couldn't be ________ (resist) to playing a joke on them.
chatting　
to
resistant
维度三　清除阅读障碍
一词多义——根据语境写出pick up的含义
1．Uncle Paul, my dad's friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.________
2．Retired workers can pick up new skills.________
3．My radio can pick up the BBC programmes clearly.________
开车接
(无意中)学会
接收
4．My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.________
5．Sally walked onto the platform, picked up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard: “Rule 1: We are family！”________
恢复；好转
拿起
一词多义——根据语境写出bring up的含义
6．Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.________
7．He brought up a practical plan in the meeting, which brought down the cost of production.________
8．He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at midnight.________
9．Brought up in a big family, Helen is willing to share what she has with other girls.________
教育
提出
呕吐
抚养
维度四　完成句子
1．[2022·浙江6月卷] 每次我介绍给Jacky一些新东西，他都会做，仅仅因为信任我。
__________________________________， he'll do it only because he trusts me.
2．我强烈建议你参观这个展览。
I highly ____________________________________________．
Every time I introduce Jacky to something new
recommend that you (should) visit/you to visit this exhibition
3．她看上去很高兴，所以她一定通过了驾照考试。
She looked cheerful, so she ____________________________________.
4．如果您方便的话，我们8点半在校门外集合。
____________________， let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.
must have passed the driving test
If it is convenient for you
佳句观摩
1.司机是个女士。
一般句：The driver was a woman.
提升句：The driver was a slim young woman of perhaps thirty (大约30岁的身材苗条的年轻女士)．
2．他身材高大。
一般句：He was a big man.
提升句：He was a big man, smartly dressed in a suit and tie (穿着西服，打着领带，非常帅气)．
3．他是一位和蔼善良的老人。
一般句：He was an old and kind man.
提升句：He was an old and kind man with gray beard, blue eyes, and a voice that the birds loved (长着灰白色的胡子，有一双蓝色的眼睛和所有小鸟都喜欢的嗓音)．
好句仿写
1.他是个年轻人。
一般句：He was a young man.
提升句：He was ________________________________ (身材修长、皮肤黝黑的帅小伙)．
a slim and darkly handsome young man
2．他中等身材。
一般句：He was of average build.
提升句：He was of average build, ____________________________ (灰褐色头发，长着一张过目即忘的脸)．
3．有一个陌生人经过村庄。
一般句：A stranger passed through the village.
提升句：A stranger passed through the village. _____________________
___________________ (他衣着普通，显得有点旧，但干净整齐)．
with mousy hair and a forgettable face
His dress was plain and somewhat
old, but neat and clean
A
(2025·湖北高三下学期联考) Ding Lanying, an embroiderer (刺绣工) from Chuxiong Yi Autonomous District in Yunnan Province, could not hold back her excitement when a show featuring Yi embroidery and culture was held at the Milan Fashion Week on Saturday.
A collection of 40 fashionable designs was modeled on the catwalk, where the color black and the Yi ethnic group's favorite patterns of clouds, seeds and silver decorations were brilliantly featured.
Ding, who has been doing embroidery for more than 30 years since she was 8, said she was fortunate to attend the show, and there are so many women like her back in her hometown who have contributed to the show's success. “The show in Milan will make the village's female embroiderers so proud of the Yi embroidery and encourage them to continue the cultural heritage for generations，” said Ding. Ding's South China Colorful Yi Embroidery Company now hires 2，028 embroiderers, including 109 who have physical disabilities.
Li Wenjuan, head officer of the Chuxiong Publicity Department, said that the thriving local embroidery industry has enabled women to work at home and helped improve their livelihoods. “We live in the deep mountains, but we always have the fashion genes，” she said of the 1，700-year-old Yi embroidery, an intangible cultural heritage.
Zhu Weiming, managing director of Shangtex Fashion Company which organized the show, attributed the success to the joint efforts of Shanghai designer Ji Cheng and the embroidery artists from Chuxiong. “The 2024 spring/summer fashion inspired by Yi embroidery has blended the Yi ethnic group's totems(图腾), such as tiger, seeds and flowers, very well with luxurious Italian fabrics，” he said. “It is a celebration of Yi culture.”
Apart from the Milan Fashion Week and the New York Fashion Week, the Yi embroidery had already wowed attendees at the Shanghai Fashion Week and the Beijing Fashion Week in China.
1．Which can be safely concluded from the report？(　　)
A．Yi embroidery was the spotlight of the Milan Fashion Week.
B．Fashions all over the world have mixed together in the new era.
C．The success on Milan fashion show greatly boosts Yi embroiderers' cultural confidence.
D．Yi embroidery has changed a lot to fit in with the western fashion.
答案：C　
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“‘The show in Milan will make the village's female embroiderers so proud of the Yi embroidery and encourage them to continue the cultural heritage for generations，’ said Ding.”可知，米兰时装秀的成功增强了绣工们的文化自信。故选C。
2．What do we know about Ding Lanying from the passage？(　　)
A．She is an officer of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous District.
B．She is the leading entrepreneur of Yi embroidery in Yunnan.
C．Her company has attended the four fashion weeks mentioned.
D．Her company contributes greatly to removing poverty and aiding the disabled.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Ding's South China Colorful Yi Embroidery Company now hires 2，028 embroiderers, including 109 who have physical disabilities.”可知，Ding的公司雇佣了2 028名绣工，其中包括109名残疾人，所以公司不仅推动了当地的脱贫工作，还帮助了残疾人士。故选D。
3．What do Ding, Li and Zhu's words commonly emphasize？(　　)
A．Prosperity. B．Pride. C．Culture. D．Fashion.
答案：C　
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中Ding的话“encourage them to continue the cultural heritage for generations”，第四段中Li的话“‘We live in the deep mountains, but we always have the fashion genes’”以及第五段中Zhu的话“‘It is a celebration of Yi culture.’”可知，三人都强调了彝族文化的传承和发展。故选C。
4．Which is the best title for the passage？(　　)
A．Yi Embroidery, An Old Fashion Sparks New Life
B．Yi Embroidery Shines at Italy's Milan Fashion Week
C．Yi Embroidery Greatly Helps the Minority Group Prosper
D．Yi Embroidery Has Already Succeeded in Several Fashion Weeks
答案：B　
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，本文的主旨是彝族刺绣在米兰时装周大放异彩。故选B。
B
(2025·江西重点中学高三二模) From beautiful bronze (青铜) wine cups to grand bronze ding (food containers), this exhibition features discoveries that will fundamentally change visitors' understanding of ancient Chinese civilization.
At about the same time that Stonehenge was rising in England, a Bronze Age culture was developing in China that in many respects was seldom equaled and never surpassed.
This development seemed to have begun by 1600 BC in the Shang (about 1600 BC—1046 BC) along the Yellow River. For thousands of years, this area had witnessed cultures of increasing complexity, which laid the foundation of the Chinese civilization. By the time of the Bronze Age, this culture was characterized by a strong centralized government, urban communities with obvious social classes, a distinctive system of writing, strict religious rituals, diversified art forms, and advanced bronze-producing methods.
Unlike other cultures, where bronze was first used chiefly for tools and weapons, in China, bronze was used to make vessels (容器) that played central roles in official ceremonies and ancestor worship for more than 1，000 years, even after the official beginnings of the Iron Age in 400 BC.Possession of bronze vessels thus became a symbol for the holding of power and rulers used bronze cups and food containers to present offerings of food and wine to royal ancestors and gods.
During Shang times, wine played a major part in such ceremonies, and containers for wine therefore far outnumbered other types. Then, the Shang were criticized for too much wine drinking by its enemy, the Zhou, who felt that the drinking had offended Heaven and given the Zhou the right to overthrow the Shang. Safeguarding its own dynasty, the Zhou replaced the wine vessels with more practical cooking and storage tools.
After the Shang period, bronze vessels became more important as expressions of personal status than as vehicles for official ceremonies. This is evident from the changing content of bronze inscriptions. Carved into the surface of a vessel, these writings first appeared during the late Shang period as an identification of the vessel's owner or of the ancestor to whom it was dedicated. During the Western Zhou period, inscriptions became increasingly common and lengthier, praising the achievements of the owners.
5．By the time Stonehenge was rising in England, ________．(　　)
A．the Chinese had yet to invent their writing system
B．China was still relatively backward in many respects
C．China had already had a strong centralized government
D．social classes just started to emerge in the Chinese cities
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“At about the same time that Stonehenge was rising in England, a Bronze Age culture was developing in China... By the time of the Bronze Age, this culture was characterized by a strong centralized government，...”可知，在英格兰还处于Stonehenge时期时，中国已经建立了比较强大的中央政府。故选C。
6．What is the third paragraph mainly about？(　　)
A．The main applications of bronze in China.
B．The complex official ceremonies in China.
C．The significance of the discovery of bronze.
D．The differences between China and other countries.
答案：A　
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段“...in China, bronze was used to make vessels (容器) that played central roles in official ceremonies and ancestor worship for more than 1，000 years，... rulers used bronze cups and food containers to present offerings of food and wine to royal ancestors and gods.”可知，这一段主要是介绍青铜器在古代中国的主要用途：祭祀及显示权势。故选A。
7．Which of the following most probably belongs to the Zhou？(　　)
A．Huge bronze ding with short religious texts.
B．Bronze vessels showing the kings' achievements.
C．An unearthed temple with lots of bronze wine cups.
D．An ancient kitchen with lots of bronze cooking pots.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“Safeguarding its own dynasty, the Zhou replaced the wine vessels with more practical cooking and storage tools.”可推断，配有很多青铜炊具的古厨房很可能是属于周朝的文物。故选D。
8．From which is the text most probably taken？(　　)
A．A science report. B．An exhibit brochure.
C．A history textbook. D．A research paper.
答案：B　
解析：文章出处题。通读全文、特别是根据第一段“...this exhibition features discoveries that will fundamentally change visitors' understanding of ancient Chinese civilization.”可推断，这篇文章最有可能选自展览会推广手册。故选B。
C
(2025·山东日照高三一模) More than 50 million people in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and elsewhere follow pastoralism(游牧) as a way of life. The practice has survived for so long because it is designed to change with the environment. Pastoralists move with animals to find new lands and water, leaving behind eaten plants to regrow.
Mongolia is well known for its pastoralism.Agvaantogtokh and his family are herders(牧民). On horseback, he rides with nearly a thousand sheep and goats to help them find water. Sometimes, he and his wife, Nurmaa, stop to help struggling young ones, weak after a difficult winter.
For families like Agvaantogtokh's, pastoralism is more than a profession. It is a cultural identity that connects generations. At its heart is the human connection to animals. While they consider the animals as their property, they also see them as living beings working alongside them.
Researchers say herders believe in “animal agency”．Agvaantogtokh lets his animals choose the food they eat and where they find water. To him, restricting an animal's movement and asking it to eat the same thing each day is like putting a person in prison.
In Mongolia, weather extremes are a part of life. When Agvaantogtokh thinks about climate change, he is concerned about humans and animals. Continuous dry and warm weather affects Mongolia. Since 1940, the government says, average temperatures have risen 2.2 degrees Celsius. To keep their practice alive, pastoralists seek ways to modernize. In Mongolia, Lkhaebum recently began using a small vehicle to more easily search for horses. The family uses electricity and has other technologies including a TV and a washing machine. They also use a cellphone to follow the weather and access social media where herders share information.
One of the biggest threats to pastoralism comes from within.Nurmaa and Agvaantogtokh's 18-year-old daughter studies medicine. Their son spoke about becoming a herder when he was a child, but not anymore. “I won't regret anything if my child won't be a herder，” Nurmaa said. “I would like them to do what they desire to do.”
9．What contributes to the survival of pastoralism？(　　)
A．Huge pastoralist populations.
B．Adaptation to the environment.
C．Herders' desire to travel to new places.
D．Slow development of modernization.
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“The practice has survived for so long because it is designed to change with the environment. Pastoralists move with animals to find new lands and water, leaving behind eaten plants to regrow.”可知，游牧这种生活方式之所以能流传这么多年，是因为世代牧民采用了适应环境的生存方式。故选B。
10．What does pastoralism mean to Agvaantogtokh？(　　)
A．The distinct identity of animals.
B．A poorly-paid profession.
C．An out-of-date lifestyle.
D．The bond between man and animals.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“For families like Agvaantogtokh's, pastoralism is more than a profession. It is a cultural identity that connects generations. At its heart is the human connection to animals. While they consider the animals as their property, they also see them as living beings working alongside them.”可知，对于牧民Agvaantogtokh来说，游牧是连接人们和动物的纽带。故选D。
11．What does “animal agency” in Paragraph 4 refer to？(　　)
A．Animals' living in cages.
B．Animals' eating the same thing.
C．Animals' struggling in shelters.
D．Animals' moving around freely.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Researchers say herders believe in ‘animal agency’. Agvaantogtokh lets his animals choose the food they eat and where they find water. To him, restricting an animal's movement and asking it to eat the same thing each day is like putting a person in prison.”可推断出，动物在所谓的“animal agency”里非常的自由。故选D。
12．What is a big challenge for pastoralism？(　　)
A．Modern technology.
B．No government support.
C．Young people's disinterest in it.
D．Lack of information exchange.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“One of the biggest threats to pastoralism comes from within. Nurmaa and Agvaantogtokh's 18 year old daughter studies medicine. Their son spoke about becoming a herder when he was a child, but not anymore.”可知，牧民的子女对畜牧业不再感兴趣，不想延续父辈的游牧生活。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·浙江嘉兴二模) Education is a good opportunity for those of us who expect to better ourselves. But for people in full-time employment, getting the balancing act between work and studying can prove challenging. But look on the bright side. 1(____)
University is often considered a logical step for people who wish to continue their education after school. While options of Master's degrees, PhDs and other postgraduate qualifications exist, many students leave after obtaining their Bachelor's and head into the world of work. 2(____) They hope it may open up new opportunities or help them to get a promotion.
In terms of the benefits, learning new techniques that you can bring into the workplace can make you more of an authority in your area and a go-to person for advice. 3(____) In short, studying more could make you more promotable down the line and more helpful to the business.
If you study in a classroom, your experience of the workplace could bring a wealth of knowledge to other students and provide real-life examples for you to draw on. You may also meet like-minded people.
4(____) In addition, while adult learners have to consider things like children, home lives and work，many adult and part-time courses are more flexible. Some courses can even be done partly or entirely online, which means you can manage your time more easily and don't need to factor in travel time.
5(____) Increasing your skills may open up new careers in your professional life.
A．Studying part-time in the evenings can be a great choice.
B．So, what are the benefits of hitting the books once in work
C．Then you can expand your professional network in the future.
D．They may choose adult courses spreading over a number of years.
E．If the business has a skills shortage, you may be able to fill that gap.
F．Having done the same job for years, some feel like acquiring new skills.
G．So, there are a variety of options for those who wish to return to studying.
1．答案：B　
解析：根据上文“But for people in full time employment, getting the balancing act between work and studying can prove challenging. But look on the bright side.”可推测，此处主要介绍边工作边学习有关的内容。选项B中的“benefits”对应上一句“look on the bright side”。故选B。
2．答案：F　
解析：根据下文“They hope it may open up new opportunities or help them to get a promotion.”提到给他们带来新的机会或帮助他们获得晋升。选项F和下文内容紧密连接，下文中的“it”指代选项中的“acquiring new skills”，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选F。
3．答案：E　
解析：根据上文“In terms of the benefits, learning new techniques that you can bring into the workplace can make you more of an authority in your area and a go to person for advice.”可知，是说学习新技能在工作上的帮助，选项E中的“skills”对应上一句“learning new techniques”。故选E。
4．答案：C　
解析：根据上文“You may also meet like minded people.”提到遇到志同道合的人。选项C承接上文内容，为上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选C。
5．答案：G　
解析：根据下文“Increasing your skills may open up new careers in your professional life.”可知，本段总结学习和提高技能在工作中的好处。选项G中的“So”进行归纳总结，也是对整个文章的总结概括。故选G。

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