资源简介

(共114张PPT)
Unit 6　Earth first
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1．shark n.　 ____________
2．presentation n. ____________
3．reserve n. ____________
4．staff n. ____________
5．sustainable adj. ____________
6．brochure n. ____________
7．solar adj. ____________
8．slide n. ____________
9．mode n. ____________
10．appliance n. ____________
11．plug n. ____________
鲨(鱼)
报告，(观点的)陈述，说明
(野生生物)保护区
员工
可持续的，不破坏环境的
小册子
利用太阳光(能)的
幻灯片
(机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式
家用电器，家用器具
(电)插头
Ⅱ.核心单词
1．__________ v. (通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
2．__________ v. 把……作为目标
3．__________ n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度
4．__________ n. 海洋，大海
5．__________ v. 使……突出，使注意力集中于
6．__________ v. 建立，设立
7．__________ v. 破损，损害，损伤
8．__________ n. 旱灾，干旱
9．__________ n. 洪水，水灾
10．__________ n. 煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
dive
target
attitude
ocean
highlight
establish
damage
drought
flood
supply
11．__________ v. 使恢复
12．__________ v. 采取(某种方法)
13．__________ n. 碳
14．__________ n. 温室，暖房
15．__________ v. 减少，降低
16．__________ v. 释放，排放
17．__________ n. 烟雾，雾霾
18．__________ adj. (问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的
19．__________ n. (尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲
20．__________ n. 多数，大多数(人或物)
restore
adopt
carbon
greenhouse
reduce
release
smog
severe
lecture
majority
21．________ adj. 不正确的，错误的；伪造的
22．________ n. 数量，数额
23．________ n. 设备，仪器，装置
24．________ n. 电
25．________ v. (使)漏，(使)渗漏
26．________ v. 移走，搬走，去掉；拔掉
27．________ n. (宣传)活动
28．________ n. (工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅
29．________ adj. 平均(数)的
false
amount
device
electricity
leak
remove
campaign
canteen
average
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→________ adj.害怕的；惊恐的
2．fortunately adv.幸运地→________ adj.幸运的→________ n．运气；财富
3．extinction n．灭绝，绝种→________ adj.灭绝的
4．devote v．致力，献身，倾注→________ adj.挚爱的；投入的→________ n．致力；献身
5．cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴→________ adj.残忍的；残酷的→________ adv.残忍地；残酷地
6．hunting n．打猎，狩猎→________ v．打猎，狩猎
7．affect v．影响→________ n．影响
scared
fortunate
fortune
extinct
devoted
devotion
cruel
cruelly
hunt
effect
8．fog n．雾 →________ adj.多雾的；有雾的
9．infection n．感染，传染病→________ v．传染 →________ adj.传染的；传染性的
10．permission n．允许，许可→________ v．允许；许可　n．许可证
11．urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促　n．强烈的欲望；迫切要求→________ adj.紧急的；急迫的→________ n．紧急；急迫
12．concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→________ v．担忧；涉及　n．担忧→__________ prep.关于；就……而言
13．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献→________ n．贡献
foggy
infect
infectious
permit
urgent
urgency
concern
concerning
contribution
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．_______________　参考；涉及；指的是
2．_______________ 由于，因为
3．_______________ 害怕……
4．_______________ 对……有影响
5．_______________ 偶然遇到
6．_______________ 而不是
7．_______________ 采取措施
8．_______________ 把……误当作……
9．____________ 分解；出故障；谈判失败；(健康、精神等)垮掉
10．_______________ 常识
11．_______________ 把……考虑进去
12．_______________ 号召
refer to
due to
be scared of
have an effect upon
come across
rather than
take steps
mistake...for...
break down
common sense
take...into account
call on
Ⅴ.经典句式
1．This was ________ due to fear of sharks，________ finning.
这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧，而且还是为了切去鱼鳍。
2．In 1980，Benchley ______________ he came across an awful sight.
在1980年，本奇正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。
3．Fortunately，__________ who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.
幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。
not only
but also
was diving when
not everyone
4．Order less and take leftover food home ___________ in restaurants.
在饭店吃饭时少点餐并把剩菜带回家。
5．However，making a paper bag uses ____________________ making a plastic bag and up to ___________________ water.
但是，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量多达三倍。
when dining
four times as much energy as
three times the amount of
1devote v．致力；倾注；献身；专心于　devoted adj. 深爱的；忠诚的　devotion n. 关爱；奉献
　
(1)devote...to... 把……奉献给；把……专注于
devote oneself to 致力于；献身于
(2)be devoted to 专心于；致力于
基础练习——单句语法填空
①I still remember what you have devoted to ________ (improve) my oral English and writing skills.
②He is a ________ (devote) father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.
③Leslie Nielsen never stopped working, never retired.His ________ (devote) to acting is really inspiring.
improving　
devoted　
devotion　
能力提升——句式升级
④He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.
→________________ community activities, he was praised by the people around.(现在分词作状语)
→____________ community activities, he was praised by the people around.(过去分词作状语)
Devoting himself to
Devoted to
2 concerned adj.焦急的；关心的；担心的　concern n．担心；关心；(利害)关系　vt.涉及；与……有关；(使)担忧　concerning prep. 关于；有关
　 　　　　
(1)be concerned about/for 关心；挂念
as far as...be concerned 就……而言
be concerned with/in 与……有关；涉及
(2)show/express concern about/for 对……表示担心
(3)concern oneself about/for 担忧/关心……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2024·浙江1月卷，改编]Due to the lack of scientific proof ________ (concern) their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies.
②Fortunately，I came to know Professor Smith，who showed concern ________ my study.
③I am writing to tell you something ________ (concern)the coming of age ceremony held in our school.
concerning　
for/about　
concerning　
能力提升——微写作
④我认为，我们要尽心、尽性、尽力、尽意地爱我们的家人。
__________________， we should love our family members with all our heart, with all our soul, with all our strength, and with all our mind.
As far as I am concerned
【发散思维】　
“就某人而言”种种表达：
in one's opinion/view; from one's point of view; as far as sb. be concerned
3affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭　effect n．作用；影响
　　　　　
(1)be greatly/deeply affected by 被……深深打动
be affected with high fever 发高烧
(2)have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，改编]AI will ________ (affect) us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
②[2022·浙江1月卷]I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life ____________ (affect)．
③________ (affect) with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
④[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]Working in the garden seems to have a calming effect ____ Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues.
affect　
was affected
Affected　
on　
能力提升——句式升级
⑤Many young people were affected by his story.They began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
→__________________，many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(合并升级为分词作状语)
Affected by his story
4permission n．允许，许可，批准；许可证　permit vt.& vi.允许，许可，准许；使有可能
(1)with/without (one's) permission 得到/未经(某人的)允许
(2)permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit (doing) sth. 允许(做)某事
if...permits 如果……允许的话
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷]Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused ________ (permit) to participate.
②To protect the wild animals，people are not permitted ________(gain) access to natural reserves.
③The club's rules don't permit ________(leak) personal information.
④In the lab，the students can't touch electrical devices without the teacher's ________(permit)．
permission　
to gain
leaking　
permission
能力提升——微写作
⑤如果天气允许，比赛将于下午2点在我校体育馆举行，持续约3小时。
____________________________，the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
Weather permitting/If weather permits
5average adj.平均(数)的；正常的；普通的　n．平均数；平均水平
　　　
above/below the average 高于/低于平均水平
on average 平均；一般地
the average of... ……的平均数
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2023·北京卷]Emerging research suggests that courses in lower ranked universities, ________ average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher ranked universities.
②[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average ________ a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
on　
of　

能力提升——微写作
③我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师，他的教学水平远远高于平均水平。他中等身材，戴着一副眼镜。
The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher ___________________
______________. He is _______________ and wears a pair of glasses.
whose teaching level is far
above the average
of average height
6 urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促　n．冲动；强烈的欲望；迫切的要求　urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的　urgency n．紧急；急迫
　　　
urge sb./sth. on 催促某人/某物前进
urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/强调……做某事
It is urged that...(should) do sth. 坚决要求
have/feel an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
the urge to do sth. 做某事的欲望
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Peering towards the phone, he hesitantly picked it up, from which came an ________(urge) voice.
②Parents should actively urge their children ________ (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
→Parents should actively urge that their children ___________ (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.

urgent　
to take
(should) take
能力提升——读后续写之生动表达
③我慢慢地挪到床的另一边，用平静的声音说了声“嗨”，忍住了想哭出来的冲动。
I slowly moved to the other side of the bed and said “hi ” in a calm voice, ______________________．
holding back my urge to cry out
7)contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)；有助于；捐献，捐助；投稿　contribution n．贡献；捐款；稿件)
　　　　　　　　
(1)contribute to 有助于；促成；为……做贡献；投稿；导致
contribute...to/towards... 向……捐赠；向……投稿
(2)make a contribution/contributions to/towards... 为……做贡献
基础练习——猜测词义/单句语法填空
①If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.________
②In conclusion，I was proud of making great __________ (contribute) to spreading Chinese culture.
③There is no doubt that your participation will contribute ____ our winning the championship in the game.

v.投稿　
contributions　
to
能力提升——微写作
④指南针、造纸术、火药和印刷术被称为“四大发明”，是中国对世界做出的贡献。
The compass，paper making，gunpowder，and the art of printing are called the four great inventions that ________________________．
China contributed to the world
【名师指津】　
表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。
8reduce v．减少，降低；减缩
reduce...to... 把……减少到……
reduce...by... 把……减少了……
reduce sb. to tears 使某人流泪
reduce sth. to ruins 把某物变为废墟
be reduced to (doing)．.. 沦落为……；陷入某种状态
基础练习——单句语法填空
①With great effort, she has reduced her weight ________ five kilograms in the past 7 days.
②Though reduced ________ ruins in the great earthquake, the city began to breathe again.
by　
to　

能力提升——同义句转换
③When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, tears came into his eyes.
→When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, ______________________．
he was reduced to tears
9majority n．多数，大多数(人或物)
(1)the/a majority of... 大多数
in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
by/with a majority (of...) 以多数票
(2)major n. & v. 专业；主修 adj. 主要的；主修的
major in 主修……，以……为专业
(3)minority n. 少数
in the/a minority 占少数；成为少数派
基础练习——单句语法填空
①I was selected to be the leading role in the play ________ a majority of 50, which made me filled with joy.
②With the final exam approaching, a majority of students ________ (be) under much pressure.
③I made up my mind to major ________ English in the future after consulting with my parents and teachers.
④Only a small number of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are ________ the majority.
by/with　
are　
in　
in　
能力提升——词汇升级
⑤When it comes to education, most people believe that it is a lifetime of study.
→When it comes to education, _______________ people believe that it is a lifetime of study.
the/a majority of
【名师点津】　
(1)“the/a majority of＋名词”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。
(2)the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。
10due to 由于，因为；应支付
　　　　
due adj. 应得的；应付的；到期的；预定的，预期的
be due to do sth. 预计做某事，预定要做某事
be due for 应得到
be due to sth./sb. 归因于某事/某人；应付给某人……
基础练习——单句语法填空/语境辨义
①That money is due ________ me, but I haven't got it yet.
②The film is due to be shown this Sunday in the school lecture hall, where we plan to hold an exhibition concerning the same topic.____________
to
adj.预定的，预期的
能力提升——微写作
③由于技术的快速发展，在线学习变得越来越流行。
______________________________， online learning has become more and more popular.
Due to the rapid development of technology
11 take...into account/consideration(＝take account of)考虑到……，把……考虑进去　account v．认为；说明；总计有　n．账目；说明；理由　accountant n．会计员；会计师
(1)account for 说明；做出解释；占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于，因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
give an account of... 叙述/描述……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Lighting accounts ________ about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
②He gave us a detailed account ________ what had happened just now.
③The professor warned the students that on no account ________ they use mobile phones in his class.
for　
of　
should　
能力提升——微写作
④[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]我真诚地希望你可以考虑我的建议。
I sincerely hope that ______________________________________．
you will take my suggestions into consideration/account
12句型公式：部分否定
(教材原句)Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.
幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。
　　　
all...not...＝not all...，意为 “并非所有的……都……”，部分否定。
(1)英语中的all, both, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely等与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非……都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
基础练习——单句语法填空
①He told me all pieces of the news, but ________ of them was exciting.
②Dad proposed that we should walk along the river which may lead us to the farm house and ________ seemed better than that.
none　
nothing　
能力提升—— 一句多译
事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。
③The truth is that ________________________________________ time management.
④The truth is that ________________________________________ time management.
not everyone is attaching great importance to
everyone is not attaching great importance to
13句型公式：倍数表达法
(教材原句)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
但是，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量多达三倍。
　　　　　
英语中常见的倍数表达法有：
(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B
(2)A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B
(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight...)＋of B
(4)A＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”
基础练习——单句语法填空
①The electronic waste stream is increasing three times ________ (fast) than traditional garbage as a whole.
②[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
faster　
the　
能力提升—— 一句多译
这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们的学校是十年前的三倍大。
③The short film tells about the development of our school. Now our school ______________________ it was ten years ago.
④The short film tells about the development of our school. Now our school ______________________ it was ten years ago.
⑤The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school ______________________ it was ten years ago.
is three times as big as that
is three times as big as
is three times the size of
维度一　词形转换练
1．[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，改编]He became interested in alternative ________ (treat) 20 years ago.
2．[2024·浙江1月卷]“We ________ (affect) only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr. Krauss says.
3．[2023·北京卷]Up to now, China ___________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
treatments　
affect　
has established
4．[2023·全国乙卷]Studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood, ________ (reduce) stress and helping their memory.
5．[2023·全国乙卷]There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by ________ (remove) harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide.
6．[2022·北京卷]We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to ________ (target) by viruses.
reducing
removing　
be targeted　
7．________ (devote) to teaching the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.
8．People need ________ (permit) to be funny in social settings because there's always a risk that comes with humor.
9．If you are going to visit a doctor，it is necessary to make a ________ (reserve)．
Devoted　
permission　
reservation
维度二　固定搭配和句型
1．[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷]Walking at night time is a great way to step out ________ your comfort zone.
2．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]When having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge ________ (know) how to deal with it.
3．[2022·北京卷]It is important for everyone to devote some time ________ health and fitness.
of
to know
to　
4．It was his optimistic attitude ________ life and hard work that finally led him to his successful career.
5．Those violent TV shows might have an effect ________ the children's behaviour.
6．Besides, making a schedule is a must, for good time management will contribute ________ our efficiency.
to/towards
on/upon
to
维度三　清除阅读障碍
一词多义——根据语境写出refer to的含义
1．When I study English, I like to put my dictionary within my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary.________
2．We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.________
3．People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”．________
4．As the situation was unusual, he referred the matter to the editor.________
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提及
把……称作……
把……提交给……
维度四　完成句子/句型转换/句式升级
1．[2022·浙江6月卷]请尽早回复以便我们可以为我们的项目预定一个房间。
Please reply early so that _________________________________．
2．正是由于他的研究，农民的收成才比以前增加了两倍。(倍数＋as...as...)
It is thanks to his research that farmers are ________________________
__________．
we can reserve one room for our project
producing harvests twice as large
as before
3．Every boy is not interested in sports.
→________________________ in sports.(变为同义句)
4．These travelers returned to the hotel. They were tired and sleepy.
→These travelers returned to the hotel, ________________．(形容词短语作状语)
Not every boy is interested
tired and sleepy
读后续写思维拓展训练之12——各种“走”和“跑”
“走”和“跑”之多样表达：
1．stroll v．闲逛
2.tiptoe v．蹑手蹑脚
3．march v．列队走
4.limp v．瘸着走
5．wander v．漫步
6.pace restlessly不安地走动
7．make a running step back跑着后退
8.dash out冲出去
9．pace back and forth来回踱步
10．stroll about/around/through the town 在城镇里闲逛
11．stroll aimlessly through the streets毫无目的地在街上游荡
12．walk arm in arm臂挽着臂走
13．wander into the woods在树林里漫步
14．wander over the countryside在乡间漫步
佳句观摩
1.她溜下床。
一般句：She slipped out of bed.
提升句：She slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the window (踮起脚尖走向窗户)．
2．那个小黄人快速朝门走去，离开了现场。
概括描写：The minion walked quickly to the door and left the scene.
细节描写：The minion made a rush for (向……冲去) the door and escaped from (逃离) the scene.
3．然后丽莎站起身来，向我走来。
一般句：Then Lisa stood up and moved toward me.
提升句：Then Lisa stood up and made her way through the crowd (穿过人群) toward me.
4．弗兰妮去招待她的其他客人。
一般句：Frannie went to wait on the rest of her tables.
提升句：Frannie hurried off (急忙去) to wait on the rest of her tables.
好句仿写
1.她起身朝出口走去。
一般句：She stood up and went to the exit.
提升句：She stood up and ________________________ (慌忙走向出口)．
2．他们沿着小路走。
一般句：They walked along the path.
提升句：They __________________________ (手拉手在树林里漫步) along the path.
headed hurriedly towards the exit
wandered into the woods hand in hand
3．这个可怜的人回到了家里。
一般句：The poor man went back home.
提升句：Disappointed and frustrated, the poor man __________________________________ (不安地回到了家里)．
4．鲁本跑向水街，吓得浑身发抖。
一般句：Reuben ran to Water Street, trembling with great panic.
提升句：Reuben ________________________ (向……冲去) Water Street, trembling with great panic.
made his way back to his family restlessly
hurried off to/made a rush for
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·安徽六校教育研究会入学素质测试) Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about teens who are struggling, we can't ignore another mounting effect—the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.
We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there's a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it's not just staying connected—it's keeping up with what others post, too.
Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than ever before. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It's especially intense for adolescents whose sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking.
Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it's a close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful.
Technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are ignored by adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。
1．What makes teenagers' networks continue to expand？(　　)
A．The pressure to be nice.
B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people.
D．The burden of living independently.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Their networks are ever expanding, in no small part because there's a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends of friends.”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是友善的压力。故选A。
2．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media？(　　)
A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Time-saving. D．Risk-taking.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选B。
3．What should be changed according to the last paragraph？(　　)
A．The qualities of being a teen friend.
B．The conflicts between schools and parents.
C．The relations between parents and their teens.
D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，应该改变的是社交媒体对青少年友谊的影响。故选D。
4．What is the text mainly about？(　　)
A．Why more teens are addicted to social media.
B．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships.
C．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful.
D．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers' needs.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“But as we worry about teens who are struggling, we can't ignore another mounting effect—the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an ‘always on’ world.”可知，本文主要讲的是社交媒体如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。故选C。
B
(2025·长沙雅礼中学高三一模 ) Boxing Day is an institution in the British calendar, but there is no common consensus as to how it got its name. According to some, it can be traced back to the Victorian era when churches often displayed a box into which their parishioners(教区居民) put donations.
However, according to historian Dr Neil Armstrong, the naming of Boxing Day dates back to the 17th century. This was the day, he said, when apprentices would have a box for their employers to tip them a coin or two. While the boxes may have disappeared, the custom of tipping has remained.
In the Victorian age, the custom evolved. On Boxing Day, most tradespeople would give their clients a gift to ensure their custom. There were concerns, said Dr Armstrong, that this was a form of bribery (行贿). This custom declined in the 20th century as fewer people had relationships with their local businesses and shops following the rise of supermarkets and shopping centres.
“It may not be the reason why Boxing Day got its name, but charitable giving was closely associated with Boxing Day in the Victorian era，” said Dr Armstrong. “In the mid-19th century there began to be indiscriminate (随意的) charitable giving. This would often be begging, and children were usually sent out to do this job.” Nevertheless, the habit of generous charitable giving has continued to be associated with the festive period up to the present day.
Boxing Day continued, however, to be a normal working day until 1871, when it was finally classed as a public holiday. “They would often be working until very late on Christmas Eve, so they wanted a break on Boxing Day，” Dr Armstrong said. Then it became known as a day of leisure.Organised sporting events such as football matches became popular—a tradition which has carried on until today.
Boxing Day is observed in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and some other Commonwealth nations. In America, December 26 is known as the Day after Christmas Day, and is observed as a holiday in only a few states.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“节礼日”的名字起源、发展过程以及现状。
5．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “institution” in the first paragraph？(　　)
A．Charity system. B．Unpopular festival.
C．Local organization. D．Social convention.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中“According to some, it can be traced back to the Victorian era when churches often displayed a box into which their parishioners (教区居民) put donations.”可知，节礼日是一个社会习俗。故画线词的意思是“社会习俗”。故选D。
6．How is the passage mainly developed？(　　)
A．By giving examples. B．By making comparisons.
C．By following time order. D．By making classification.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文中的“the 17th century”；“in the Victorian era”；“until 1871”；“in the 20th century”；“on until today”可知，短文是按照时间顺序展开的。故选C。
7．According to the passage, why did the Boxing Day custom of giving gifts decline in the 20th century？(　　)
A．Because of the indifferent relationships between people.
B．Because of the rise of supermarkets and shopping centres.
C．Because of a strict policy, which banned this form of bribery.
D．Because of the decrease in the number of tradespeople.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“This custom declined in the 20th century as fewer people had relationships with their local businesses and shops following the rise of supermarkets and shopping centres.”可知，根据文章，节礼日送礼的习俗在20世纪衰落是因为超市和购物中心的兴起。故选B。
8．What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage？(　　)
A．To explain the origin of Boxing Day.
B．To explain how people celebrate Boxing Day.
C．To show that Boxing Day is named after a church donation box.
D．To advise people to celebrate Boxing Day.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Boxing Day is an institution in the British calendar, but there is no common consensus as to how it got its name.”以及下文对节礼日的介绍可知，短文目的是解释节礼日的起源。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·南昌高三第三次模拟) Chris Nikic，a 21-year-old young man from Maitland，Florida，completed an Ironman Triathlon (铁人三项).An Ironman Triathlon __1__ a 112-mile cycle，a 2.4-mile swim and a 26.2-mile run. While this is an amazing __2__ for any human being，it is especially __3__ for Chris Nikic who has Down's syndrome.__4__，Chris Nikic did the impossible!
His __5__ to this amazing and inspiring accomplishment has been anything but __6__．Chris had open-heart surgery when he was just five months old. He needed a __7__ when he was three and did not even walk on his own until he was four years old. Throughout his childhood，he and his parents were told that he could not do many things that other kids could do. For years they got __8__ to and accepted these limits.
Until in 2017，he set his __9__ on competing in triathlons. His training started with one pushup as well as an amazing commitment he __10__ with his dad to get 1% better each day.__11__，Chris trained four to eight hours each day for a whole year to prepare for the __12__．
Chris's amazing perseverance (毅力) is an example for not only children with Down's syndrome and other special __13__ but to all kids around the world. Chris is now trying to __14__ as many people as he can with his story which he is __15__ through public speaking，presentations，and a book he is working with his father.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有唐氏综合征的21岁年轻人Chris完成了铁人三项比赛，展示了惊人的毅力。而且，Chris给自己设定每天进步1%的目标，脚踏实地练习，最终取得了成功。
1．(　　)A.stands for　B．takes over　C．consists of　　D．calls on
答案：C　
解析：根据空前的“An Ironman Triathlon”和空后的“a 112-mile cycle，a 2.4-mile swim and a 26.2-mile run”可知，铁人三项比赛包括112英里的自行车、2.4英里的游泳和26.2英里的跑步。故选C。
2．(　　) A.enjoyment B．achievement
C．development D．improvement
答案：B　
解析：根据上文的“Chris Nikic，a 21-year-old young ...Ironman Triathlon (铁人三项)”“this is an amazing”并结合语境可知，此处表示完成铁人三项比赛对于任何人来说都是令人震惊的成就 (achievement)。故选B。
3．(　　)A.strange B．unique C．advanced D．private
答案：B　
解析：根据上文的“for any human being”及空后的“for Chris Nikic who has Down's syndrome”并结合常识可知，对患有唐氏综合征的Chris Nikic来说尤其罕见 (unique)。故选B。
4．(　　) A.Preciously B．Necessarily
C．Temporarily D．Apparently
答案：D　
解析：根据上文的“completed an Ironman Triathlon (铁人三项)”和下文的“Chris Nikic did the impossible！”可知，显然 (Apparently)，Chris Nikic完成了不可能完成的事情。故选D。
5．(　　)A.solution B．response C．road D．secret
答案：C　
解析：根据下文的“Chris had open-heart surgery when he was just five months old”可知，五个月大时就经历过体外循环心脏手术的Chris完成铁人三项的比赛并非易事。第二段的第一句话总结全段，指这一惊人而鼓舞人心的成就之路 (road) 对他来说非常困难。故选C。
6．(　　)A.easy B．difficult C．interesting D．complicated
答案：A　
解析：参见上题解析。故选A。difficult“困难的，难做的”；interesting“有趣的，有吸引力的”；complicated“复杂的，难懂的”。
7．(　　)A.speaker B．sticker C．jumper D．walker
答案：D　
解析：根据下文的“when he was three and did not even walk on his own until he was four years old”可知，Chris三岁时需要一个助行架 (walker)。故选D。
8．(　　)A.accustomed B．rooted C．lost D．engaged
答案：A　
解析：根据上文可知，在Chris的整个童年时期，Chris和他的父母都被告知Chris不能做很多其他孩子能做的事情。再根据下文的“and accepted these limits”可知，多年来，他们习惯 (accustomed) 并接受了这些限制。故选A。
9．(　　)A.luck B．sights C．standards D．pleasure
答案：B　
解析：根据下文可知，直到2017年，Chris才将参加铁人三项比赛作为奋斗目标。set one's sights on doing sth.“以……为奋斗目标，决心做到”。故选B。
10．(　　)A.made B．included C．met D．demonstrated
答案：A　
解析：根据空前“an amazing commitment”和空后的“with his dad”可知，Chris和爸爸一起做出(made)了一个惊人的承诺。故选A。
11．(　　)A.Occasionally B．Suddenly C．Eventually D．Casually
答案：C　
解析：根据上文Chris每天进步1%和空后的“Chris trained four to eight hours each day for a whole year”可知，Chris后来 (Eventually) 一整年每天训练四到八个小时。故选C。
12．(　　)A.memory B．experience C．story D．competition
答案：D　
解析：根据“competing in triathlons”可知，此处表示Chris一整年每天训练四到八个小时，为铁人三项比赛 (competition)做准备。故选D。
13．(　　)A.skills B．disabilities C．movements D．features
答案：B　
解析：根据空前的“Chris's amazing perseverance (毅力) is an example for not only children with Down's syndrome ...around the world.”可知，Chris惊人的毅力不仅是患有唐氏综合征和其他残疾(disabilities)儿童的榜样，也是全世界儿童的榜样。故选B。
14．(　　)A.promote B．inquire C．inspire D．provide
答案：C　
解析：该空与上文中的“Chris's amazing perseverance (毅力) is an example”相呼应，表示Chris正尝试用他的故事去鼓舞 (inspire) 尽可能多的人。故选C。
15．(　　)A.sharing B．talking C．writing D．posting
答案：A　
解析：根据后文可知，Chris现在正通过公开演讲、讲座和写书的方式分享自己的故事，以此鼓舞尽可能多的人。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·石家庄教学质量检测) The Chinese Qingming Festival，also known as Tomb Sweeping Day，celebrates the beginning of spring and is the occasion 1.________ families show respect to their ancestors by visiting and cleaning their tombs. The festival takes place on the 15th day after the spring equinox (春分)，which falls on April 4th，5th 2.________ 6th.As Qingming comes，temperature rises and rainfall increases，3.________ (indicate) an important time for sowing seeds.
when/where
or
indicating
The Qingming Festival 4.________ (date) back more than 2，500 years and it originated from Hanshi Day，meaning “a day with cold food only”. One story has it that Jie Zitui，who was a loyal man to his lord Duke Wen，died in a fire in 636 BCE. So Duke Wen ordered three days without fire 5.________ memory of Jie. The next year ，he ordered that the day after Hanshi Day should be the Qingming Festival，a day to honor 6.________dead. Over time，the two festivals 7.________ (eventual) combined and the traditions of eating cold food and honoring ancestors became 8.________ (attach) to the Qingming Festival.
dates
in
the
eventually
attached
While there is much sadness surrounding Tomb Sweeping Day，there is also 9.________ (celebrate)，happiness and a festive atmosphere. Nowadays，the Qingming Festival is a time of multiple 10.________ (activity)，such as tomb sweeping ，spring outings，flying kites and eating festive food like qingtuan.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了清明节的由来、习俗及发展。
celebration
activities
1．答案：when/where
解析：分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句不缺成分，先行词occasion既可以表示时间，也可以表示抽象地点。故填关系副词when/where。
2．答案：or
解析：根据句意“这个节日在春分之后的第15天，即4月4日、5日或6日”可知，此处表示“或者”。故填连词or。
3．答案：indicating
解析：分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语。结合句意“随着清明的到来，气温升高，雨量增加，表明这是播种的重要时刻”可知，此处应用现在分词短语作状语，表示自然而然的结果。
4．答案：dates
解析：结合语境“清明节可以追溯到2 500多年前”可知，此处陈述客观事实，主语The Qingming Festival为第三人称单数，date back“追溯到……年代”，无被动语态。故填dates。
5．答案：in
解析：in memory of sb.为固定短语，表示“为了纪念(已故的)某人”。故填in。
6．答案：the
解析：“the＋形容词”表示一类人，此处the dead意为“逝者”。故填the。
7．答案：eventually
解析：空处修饰空后的动词combined。故填副词eventually。
8．答案：attached
解析：attach在此意为“使与……有联系，与……有关联”，构成“attach sth. to sth.”结构。此处主语traditions与attach之间是被动关系，又因空前有系动词became。故填attached。
9．答案：celebration
解析：空处与空后的名词happiness和名词短语a festive atmosphere并列，应填名词形式；此处是there be句型，谓语动词形式遵循“就近原则”，空前的is暗示空处应用可数名词单数或不可数名词。故填celebration，表示“庆祝”，可作不可数名词。
10．答案：activities
解析：空处作介词of后的宾语，应用名词形式；根据空前的“multiple”(多种的)可知，空处应用复数形式。故填activities。

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