资源简介

(共84张PPT)
Unit 3　War and peace
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1．troop n.　　　　 ____________
2．Code-name v. ____________
3．tide n. ____________
4．supreme adj. ____________
5．coastline n. ____________
6．gunfire n. ____________
7．amongst prep. ____________
8．weary v. ____________
9．condemn v. ____________
10．peacekeeping n. ____________
11．peacekeeper n. ____________
部队；军队
起代号为
潮水
最高的
海岸线
炮火
在……当中(＝among)
(使)非常疲倦
迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地
维持和平(的行动)
维和人员
12．friction n. ____________
13．disarm v. ____________
14．associated adj. ____________
15．disrupt v. ____________
16．peer n. ____________
17．breeze n. ____________
18．crowning adj. ____________
19．prominent adj. ____________
20．commemorate v. ____________
21．anniversary n. ____________
22．blueprint n. ____________
冲突，摩擦
解除武装
联合的
扰乱
同龄人；同辈
微风
使圆满的，使完美的
著名的，杰出的
庆祝，为……举行纪念活动
周年纪念日
蓝图
Ⅱ.核心单词
1．________ n. 坦克
2．________ v. 回想，回忆起
3．________ adj. 杰出的，优秀的
4．________ n. 制服
5．________ n. 武器，兵器
6．________ v. 轰炸
7．________ n. 金额，款项
8．________ n. 谷物，粮食
9．________ adj. 有关的，切题的
tank
recall
outstanding
uniform
weapon
bomb
sum
grain
relevant
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1．violent adj.狂暴的，凶暴的→________ n．暴力
2．landing n．(军队的)登陆，着陆；降落→________ n．陆地　v．着陆；登陆
3．commander n．指挥官，长官→________ v．指挥；命令；博得→__________ adj.指挥的；威严的
4．objective n．目标，目的→________ n．物体　v．反对→________ n．反对
5．horror n．惊恐→________ adj.可怕的→________ v．使害怕
6．drown v．(使)淹死→________ adj.淹死的→________ adj.要淹死的
7．barely adv.勉强才能→________ adj.光秃的；赤裸的
8．liberate v．解放(城市、国家等) →________ n．解放
violence
land
command
commanding
object
objection
horrible
horrify
drowned
drowning
bare
liberation
9．memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的 n．纪念馆，纪念碑→________ n．记忆→________ v．记住
10．stability n．稳固，稳定→________ adj.稳定的
11．professionalism n．专业水准；专业素质；职业精神→________ n．专业；职业→__________ adj.专业的
12．academic adj.学术的→________ n．学院；学会
13．aggression n．侵略→________ adj.好斗的；有进取心的→________ n．侵略者
14．rough adj.简单的；粗糙的，简陋的→________ adv.大约；粗鲁地
15．emerge v．出现→________ n．突发事件；紧急情况
16．invader n．侵略者，侵略军→________ v．侵略；侵犯
memory
memorize
stable
profession
professional
academy
aggressive
aggressor
roughly
emergency
invade
17．misty adj.多雾的→________ n．薄雾；水汽
18．glory n．辉煌的成就；荣耀的事；荣誉→________ adj.光荣的
19．dedication n．奉献→________ v．奉献→________ adj.专注的；献身的
20．representative n．代表→________ v．代表；描绘
21．collective adj.集体的；共同的→________ v．收集→________ n．收藏品
mist
glorious
dedicate
dedicated
represent
collect
collection
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．____________　由……组成
2．____________ 大量的(地)
3．____________ 把……从……中释放出来；使……解脱
4．____________ 对……有信心
5．____________ 完全；简直
6．____________ 作为……而闻名
7．____________ 获得成功；及时到达(赶上)
8．____________ 在中间；介于两者之间
9．____________ 待命
10．____________ 遵守；履行；不偏离
be made up of
in large numbers
free...from
have confidence in
nothing less than
become known as
make it
in between
on standby
keep to
11．__________________ 把……看作
12．__________________ 照亮
13．__________________ 为……打基础
14．__________________ 推卸责任
15．__________________ 用作；充当
16．__________________ 突破
17．__________________ 镇压；记下
18．__________________ 压制；限制
19．__________________ 难怪……
refer to...as
light up
lay the foundation for
shirk one's duty
serve as
break through
put down
hold down
no wonder
Ⅴ.经典句式
1．Code-named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，
_______________________________________________________．
这次行动代号为“霸王行动”，是历史上最大的海、空、陆联合行动，目的是使西北欧摆脱德国的占领。
2．Boats were hit and men drowned，
_________________________________________________．
船只被击中，士兵溺水身亡，而那些真正到达海滩的士兵则面临着猛烈的重机枪火力。
the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation
while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire
3．______________________________，a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
在责任感的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，捍卫国家的荣誉。
4. __________________________ many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda...
难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身……
Driven by a sense of commitment
It is no wonder that
1command n．[C]命令，指令；[U]掌握　vt.命令；指挥，支配；博得，赢得　commander n．指挥官，长官

(1)at one's command 听某人支配
have a (good) command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)
take command of 控制；担任……的指挥
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do... 命令……做……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①I'm ________ your command—what would you like me to do
②The police commanded the witness ________ (describe) what had happened the day before.
＝The police commanded that the witness ______________ (describe) what had happened the day before.
at　
to describe
(should) describe
能力提升——微写作
③我精通英语，所以我认为我适合这份工作。
I __________________________ so I think I am suitable for the job.
have a good command of English
【发散思维】　command后面跟从句时，从句中的谓语动词用(should＋)do，以下动词具有相同的用法：
一坚持：insist；二命令：order，command；三建议：suggest，advise，recommend；四要求：demand，request，require，desire；再加一个敦促：urge。
2) objective n．目的，目标　adj.客观的；就事论事的；客观存在的；宾格的　object v．反对；不赞成　n．目标，目的；物体　objection n．反对；异议)
(1)the main/primary objective 主要/首要目标
(2)object to …… 反对；不赞成……
object to (sb.'s) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事
(3)have/make/raise an objection to/against (doing) sth.
对(做)某事表示反对
have no objection to/against (doing) sth. 对(做)某事表示不反对
基础练习——单句语法填空
①It is reported that a great many people object to ________ (retire) too late.
②He resisted the new rule while his wife made no ________ (object) to it.
③It's hard to give an ________ (object) opinion about your own children.
④The ________ (object) of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
retiring　
objection　
objective　
objective
能力提升——句型转换
⑤Robson strongly objected to the terms of the contract. (objection)
→Robson ____________________________ the terms of the contract.
made/had/raised a strong objection to
【名师指津】　
object作及物动词时，后只能接that从句作宾语；若接名词或代词作宾语需要后跟介词to。
3representative n．代表；代理人　adj.典型的；有代表性的　represent v．代表；象征；描绘；声称
　　　　　　　　　
(1)represent sb./sth. as/to be... 宣称某人为……；把某事叙述为……
represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明(传达)某事
(2)stand for 代表；象征
on behalf of sb.(＝on one's behalf) 为了某人；代表某人
基础练习——单句语法填空
①They represented their concern for the safety of these children ______ the authorities.
②[2022·北京卷]More researchers, policymakers and ________ (represent) from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a system approach.
③He represented himself ________ an employee in order to get a sum of money.
to
representatives　
as
能力提升—— 一句多译
我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事情。
④_________________， I'm glad to tell you something about these activities.
⑤_________________， I'm glad to tell you something about these activities.
Representing our school
On behalf of our school
4recall v．回想，回忆起；召回，收回
　　　　
recall doing/having done sth. 记得做过某事
recall sb. to... 使某人重新注意到或意识到……
recall＋宾语从句 回想起……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①She recalled _______________ (see) him outside of the shop on the night of the robbery.
②Shirley didn't recall ________ she had done last weekend.
③He told us that the danger recalled him ________ a sense of duty.
能力提升——微写作
④首先，这是一个让我们回顾我们一起走过的旅程的好时机。
First and foremost, it is a good opportunity for us to ______________________________．
seeing/having seen
what　
to
recall our journey together
5barely adv.勉强才能，几乎没有　bare adj.裸露的；无遮盖的；空的；最基本的，仅够的　　　　
barely...when/before... 一……就……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Absorbed in her work, she was ________ (bare) aware of his presence. 能力提升——一句多译
②我一把书拿回家就开始阅读，急于了解书中的情节。
→I __________________________________ I set about reading it, eager to know the plot.
→Barely _____________________________ I set about reading it, eager to know the plot.
barely　
had barely taken the book home when/before
had I taken the book home when/before
6emerge v．出现，兴起

(1)emerge from 从……出现
(2)emergency n. 紧急情况，突发事件
in an emergency 在紧急情况下
in case of emergency 万一遇到紧急情况
(3)emergence n. 出现；显现
基础练习——单句语法填空
①A wide smile emerged ________ his blank expression. How beautiful his smile was!
②Most adults do not feel competent to deal with an ________ (emerge) involving a child.
能力提升——微写作
③储备一点食物以备不时之需是明智的。
It is advisable to keep a little food in reserve _________________．
from　
emergency　
in case of emergency
7free...from... 把……从……中解放出来

for free 免费地，无偿地
free of charge 免费
(be) free from/of... 不受……的影响
基础练习——单句语法填空
①To free ourselves ________ the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
能力提升——同义句转换
②During your stay here, you will be offered accommodation for free.
→During your stay here, you will be offered accommodation _______．
from
free of charge
8hold down压制；限制
　　　
hold back 阻挡；抵制；克制；控制；退缩
hold out (食物等)维持；伸出；坚持
hold up 举起；支撑；耽搁；抢劫
hold on (打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂断；坚持住，挺住
hold on to 抓住；坚持，不放弃
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2022·新高考卷]Henry ran one hundred meters, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held ________ his arms to catch the falling child.
②Sorry I'm late, but my train was held ________ on the way.
③Hold on ________ the seat in front when we go round the corner.
能力提升——读后续写之生动表达
④当作家回到家里看到他虚弱的母亲时，他忍不住流下了眼泪。
When the writer arrived home and saw his weak mother, ________________________．
out　
up
to　
he couldn't hold back his tears
9make up占，形成，构成；弥补；编造；整理；化妆；和好；组成

make up for 弥补；补偿
be made up of 由……组成
make out 辨认出，弄清；理解
make sense 有意义，讲得通
make sense of 理解
基础练习——单句语法填空
①Though Jack lacked in experience, he made up ________ it in enthusiasm.
②They spoke in a whisper and I could hardly make ________ what they were talking about.
③The sentence is so complex that I can't make sense ________ its meaning.
for
out　
of　
能力提升——微写作
④我们班由50个活泼的男孩和女孩组成，他们热情、慷慨并且乐于助人。
Our class ____________________________， who are warm, generous and ready to offer help.
is made up of 50 lively boys and girls
10句型公式：(It's) no wonder (that)．.. ……不足为奇，难怪
(教材原句)It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda...难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国顶尖的学者和科学家都是联大出身……
(1)It's a wonder that... 令人惊奇的是
in wonder 惊奇地
(2)wonder at/about sth. 对……感到惊奇
wonder if/whether＋从句 想知道是否……
基础练习——单句语法填空
①With the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, it is no wonder ________ China has made remarkable achievements.
②She likes to read books on philosophy，and wonders ________ the meaning of life.
③She stared at the delicate Ming Dynasty vase ________ wonder.
that　
at/about　
in　
能力提升——微写作
④我想知道是否你能给我一些建议以便我能为待在加拿大作更好的准备。
___________ you could give me some advice so that I can get myself better prepared for my stay in Canada.
I wonder if
11句型公式：动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
(教材原句)The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.
第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的。
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或中心词前有the next, the only, the last, the right时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式(短语)作后置定语修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有ability, chance, opportunity, ambition, attempt等。
基础练习——微写作
①就我个人而言，我相信我是做这个工作的最佳人选。
Personally speaking, I believe I am ____________________．
②我不能错过这样一个增进相互了解的宝贵机会。
I can't afford to miss such a precious chance _____________________．
③杰克是第一个在黄昏前到达山顶的男生。
Jack is __________________ the peak before dusk.

the best person to take up the job
to promote mutual understanding　
the first boy to reach
维度一　词形转化练
1．[2024·新课标卷]________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to...”
2．[2023·新课标卷]The experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young ____________ (profession) on a weekend hike in the park.
Recalling　
professional　
3．At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a ________ (violent) far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
4．China has contributed to the ________ (stable) and balance of global economic development.
5．Tiger sharks are so strong and ________ (aggress) that they can easily hit a person.
violence　
stability
aggressive
维度二　固定搭配和句型
1．[2024·新课标卷]Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction ________ limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.
2．[2023·新课标卷]When he got older, John started to wonder ________ this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
3．[2023·新课标卷]She would have struggled with extreme pain to make ________ to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
by　
if
it　
4．[2022·浙江1月卷]I felt he treated me as though I would hold him ________ and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.
5．I don't think what he said is relevant ________ the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.
6．In an ideal world，we might be able to free ourselves ________ discrimination.
back　
to　
from
维度三　清除阅读障碍
一词多义——根据语境写出make up的含义
1．Peasants make up over 80 percent of the population in that developing country.________
2．She spent an hour making up before the party to look more attractive.________
3．When she was asked why she was late, she made up an excuse.____
占据
化妆
编造
4．Leave this notice hanging on your door, asking the servant to make up your room.________
5．They'll do all they can to make up for the economic losses.________
6．The two finally made up after two months' time without even a single word.________
整理
弥补
和好
维度四　完成句子/句式升级
1．我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。(command)
We are supposed to learn English well because _____________________ means more opportunities in the future.
2．难怪她误会了他，他的英语口语很差。(wonder)
________________________ she misunderstood him. His spoken English is poor.
having a good command of English
No wonder that/It is no wonder that
3．请把噪音弄小点，以便邻居们能睡觉。(hold down)
____________________ so that the neighbors can sleep.
4．艾米是唯一目击这起车祸的人。
→Amy was the only person ______________________. (定语从句)
→Amy was the only person ____________________. (不定式短语)
Please hold down the noise
that witnessed the car accident
to witness the car accident
应用文主体段落句型公式之7——as引导的定语从句
典例背诵
1.[2023·全国甲卷]As is known to all, Confucius is one of the most influential figures in Chinese history.
正如大家都知道的那样，孔子是中国历史上最有影响力的人物之一。
2．[2023·浙江1月卷]Just as the saying goes, one person can go far, but a group of persons can travel farther.
正如谚语所说：“独行快，众行远。”
3．[2023·全国乙卷]As we can see from this chart, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.
正如我们从图表中看到的那样，选读英文书和浏览英语学习网站的人分别仅占18%和12%。
4．As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.
正如作者所解释的，这既不是旅行书，也不是历史书，更不是一篇报告文学。

好句仿写
1.__________________________， Mr. Wang has made great achievements in his work and has won respect from his students.
众所周知，王老师在工作中取得了巨大的成就，并赢得了学生们的尊敬。
2．They talked in such simple English _______________________．
他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。
As we all know/As is known to all
as children could understand
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
A
(2025·重庆第一次联合考试) In my early teens, I was once given a film camera as a gift. On receiving it, I jumped on my bike, headed to Wimbledon Common and took photos, just for me: photos of trees and wildlife. I was out all day. On my way home I spotted a tree lit up by street lighting and tried to capture its beauty. Rushing home, I put the spent film in a special little envelope and sent it off to a photography store, desperate to see how it would come out. I took many photos then and loved the fact that when you processed your film you got back colour photos which froze the precious moments, gently encouraging the hobby and the payments for processing.
As I grew into adulthood, that simple, deep happiness gradually faded away. One weekend when I was busy answering the work calls, my eyes caught a box in the corner of the room. I suddenly felt a sense of sadness. The stress growing over these years had pushed the camera from beside my pillow to the box in the corner. I thought I needed a change.
I took out the camera and dusted it down. It was a great joy that it still worked. I bought new film and took the camera everywhere I went. Now it is always on hand to accompany me on journeys, to allow me time to myself. Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize some moments for myself to take photos, to observe the world around me.
The wall of my room now holds all my camera equipment on display, along with photos I've taken. To me, the room represents how I've found happiness: by reconnecting to the younger part of myself I laid aside, by allowing room in my life for pleasure to exist, and by creating an environment that allows opportunities for delight.
1．What did the author think of photography as a teenager？(　　)
A．Encouraging and practical. B．Thrilling and rewarding.
C．Difficult yet interesting. D．Tiring yet delightful.
答案：B　
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“I took many photos then and loved the fact that when you processed your film you got back colour photos which froze the precious moments, gently encouraging the hobby and the payments for processing.”可推断，对于作者小时候拍照这件事，作者觉得这是令人兴奋且值得的。故选B。
2．Why did the author stop taking photos according to Paragraph 2？(　　)
A．He was busy with his work.
B．He was struck by sudden sorrow.
C．He experienced increasing pressure.
D．He attempted to behave like an adult.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The stress growing over these years had pushed the camera from beside my pillow to the box in the corner.”可知，作者停止拍照是因为他承受着越来越大的压力。故选C。
3．What did the author get from picking up his hobby？(　　)
A．Better skills of observation.
B．New journeys in the wild.
C．Different styles of photography.
D．More enjoyment in the daily routine.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“To me, the room represents how I've found happiness: by reconnecting to the younger part of myself I laid aside, by allowing room in my life for pleasure to exist, and by creating an environment that allows opportunities for delight.”可知，作者通过重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。故选D。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．Admiring Beauty Behind the Lens
B．Rediscovering Lost Childhood Memories
C．Escaping Teenage Sadness with Camera
D．Regaining Pleasure Through Photography
答案：D　
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文及最后一段中“To me, the room represents how I've found happiness: by reconnecting to the younger part of myself I laid aside, by allowing room in my life for pleasure to exist, and by creating an environment that allows opportunities for delight.”可知，文章讲述了作者通过重拾青少年时代的摄影这种兴趣爱好而收获快乐的故事。故D项“通过摄影重新获得乐趣”作为标题最为合适。故选D。
B
(2025·重庆名校联盟高三联考) In a policy address to lawmakers, Japan's Prime Minister, Fumio Kishida, said the country's population problem was a case of solving the issue “now or never”， and that it simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions.
“In thinking of the sustainability and inclusiveness of our nation's economy and society, we place child care support as our most important policy，” he said, adding that he wants the government to double its spending on child-related programs, and that a new government agency would be set up in April to focus on the issue.
Japan has one of the lowest birth rates in the world, and it recorded fewer than 800，000 births in 2022 for the first time since records began in 1899.The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world; in 2020, nearly one in 1，500 people in Japan were age 100 or older, according to government data.
These trends have driven a growing population problem, with a rapidly aging society, a shrinking workforce and not enough young people to fill the gaps in the stagnating (停滞) economy. The country's high cost of living, limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children, meaning fewer couples are having kids. Experts point to the pessimism young people in Japan hold towards the future, many frustrated with work pressure and economic stagnation.
How about other parts of East Asia South Korea recently broke its own record for the world's lowest birth rate, with data from November 2023 showing a South Korean woman will have an average of 0.79 children in her lifetime—far below the 2.1 needed to maintain a stable population. Japan's birth rate stands at 1.3, while the United States is at 1.6.Meanwhile, China's population shrank in 2022 for the first time, adding pressure to its economic growth.
5．How does the Japanese government feel about the falling birth rate？(　　)
A．Surprised. B．Confused. C．Embarrassed. D．Worried.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“In a policy address to lawmakers, Japan's Prime Minister, Fumio Kishida, said the country's population problem was a case of solving the issue ‘now or never’， and that it simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions.”，再结合第二段谈到的日本政府对出生率下降所采取的行动。可推知，日本政府对此感到很担忧。故选D。
6．Which of the following has led the birth rate in Japan to decline？(　　)
A．The rapidly aging society. B．The high life expectancies.
C．The shortage of workforce. D．The various stresses of life.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“The country's high cost of living, limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children, meaning fewer couples are having kids.”可知，各种生活压力导致年轻人觉得抚养孩子很困难，于是出现出生率下降的情况。故选D。
7．What are the statistics in the last paragraph used to show？(　　)
A．Ignorance of the birth rate.
B．Serious population crisis.
C．Weak care services for children.
D．Potential harm to women's health.
答案：B　
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，最后一段的统计数据用来说明严重的人口危机。故选B。
8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？(　　)
A．Society. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science.
答案：A　
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“In a policy address to lawmakers, Japan's Prime Minister, Fumio Kishida, said the country's population problem was a case of solving the issue ‘now or never’， and that it simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions.”及全文可知，文章主要在谈：日本政府由于人口出生率下降，采取了相应措施，并分析了出现人口危机的原因，最后一段还指出在东亚存在的人口危机问题。故选A。
C
(2025·安徽合肥高三适应性联考) In a neighborhood in the east of Paris, if you walk out of your front door, you can arrive at a kindergarten in one minute and a bookstore in three minutes. A bakery It's across the street. Actually, all key things in daily life—work, food, schools and entertainment—are within a 15-minute walk.
This neighborhood was built in this way more than 150 years ago and this old idea of having all important things close by has now evolved into an urban planning model that is gaining popularity around the world.
“A 15-minute city not only improves quality of life, but can also reduce greenhouse gases. Transportation accounts for about 20% of global energy-related CO2 pollution, with cars making up almost 10%，” says Carlos Moreno, a professor at University of Paris, who has been helping the city put this idea to use. “Paris should integrate the 15-minute city as part of a broader strategy to get closer to net zero goals.”
Besides reducing greenhouse gases, there are lots of “co-benefits” for people who live in 15-minute cities. Facilities that prioritize walking and biking mean less noise from cars and more safety for the people. Less air pollution from cars and daily routines with more walking and biking promote health. Redesigning cities where homes are mixed in with businesses can drive more foot traffic to those businesses.
But one challenge to building 15-minute cities across France is financial. Many banks are still unwilling to provide loans for mixed-use developments, because they are still a relatively uncommon way to build communities. Other barriers have to do with parking in a more heavily populated area. The biggest obstacle involves public schools. When couples have kids, they often leave cities for suburbs, which they think have better schools.
“If we want regional sustainability, we have to look to these urban places，” Makarewicz says. “But if we want to successfully introduce a 15-minute city approach to an area, we should focus on the way people want to live.”
9．What is a feature of the so-called 15-minute city？(　　)
A．Better schools are built in the suburbs.
B．People are required to walk or ride bikes.
C．All important daily things are close by.
D．Greenhouse gases are reduced to net zero.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Actually, all key things in daily life — work, food, schools and entertainment — are within a 15 minute walk.”可知，这种城市生活圈的特征是：将日常生活所必要的设施都规划在一起。故选C。
10．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？(　　)
A．The difficulties of redesigning.
B．The benefits of a 15-minute city.
C．The harms of living in big cities.
D．The costs to build 15-minute cities.
答案：B　
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段的主旨句“Besides reducing greenhouse gases, there are lots of ‘co benefits’ for people who live in 15 minute cities.”可知，本段主要介绍了15分钟城市带来的好处。故选B。
11．Which of the following best explains “obstacle” underlined in Paragraph 5？(　　)
A．Failure. B．Plan. C．Change. D．Problem.
答案：D　
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前“But one challenge to building 15 minute cities across France is financial. Many banks are still unwilling to provide loans for mixed use developments, because they are still a relatively uncommon way to build communities. Other barriers have to do with parking in a more heavily populated area.”及下文“When couples have kids, they often leave cities for suburbs, which they think have better schools.”可知，在法国各地建设15分钟城市的挑战有财政问题，包括银行不愿意提供贷款，人口稠密地区无法停车。其中最大的障碍包括公共学校。所以画线单词指的也是规划及建设15分钟城市生活圈时会遇到的挑战，意为“问题，障碍”。故选D。
12．What is the key to putting Carlos Moreno' idea into use successfully？(　　)
A．Urban residents' acceptance.
B．The available urban space.
C．People's willingness to lend money.
D．The governmental support.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘But if we want to successfully introduce a 15 minute city approach to an area, we should focus on the way people want to live.’”可知，想要成功地将15分钟的城市方式引入一个地区，必须符合人们想要的生活方式，也就是说城市居民是否能够接受。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·安徽合肥高三最后一卷) Panic attacks cause a sudden intense fear when no danger is present or there is no identifiable trigger (诱因). This fear activates the body's emergency system, causing the physical fight or flight reactions. 1(____)
Learn to be flexible.
If you are sitting on the couch watching TV and you start to feel a panic attack, don't continue to sit there and think about it. Get up and do something else! Leave your desk and apply some cold water to your face. Call a friend. Or just leave the house to get some fresh air.2(____)
Work out.
When feeling panic, it can be effective to match the intensity of the anxiety with physical exercise. Just go outside, walk energetically around the block, or walk up and down the stairs until the feeling passes. Gentle exercise is less effective while intense exercise can make it difficult to think about anything else. 3(____) People tend to tense their muscles when having anxiety and panic.
Breathe properly.
4(____) Naturally, people may breathe deeper and then make the situation worse. So do it slowly through your nose by pushing your abdomen (腹部) out for 5—7 seconds. Hold your breath for a few seconds and then breathe it out through your mouth slowly.
5(____)
Pick something objective and study it deeply. Then describe every detail of it. When you finish one item, move on to describe other items. For example, What is the leaf like Does it have smooth edges What is its color Are some new leaves coming out This exercise can help bring you back to the moment and away from focusing on physical sensations.
A．Shift your focus.
B．Enhance muscle building.
C．Incorrect breathing can lead to shortness of breath.
D．Physical exercise can also help your muscles relax.
E．If not controlled, they can be terrifying and life-changing.
F．So use these tools to measure it when a panic attack starts.
G．In a word, don't remain in the same environment whenever possible.
1．答案：E　
解析：上文“This fear activates the body's emergency system, causing the physical fight or flight reactions.”说明恐惧会引发身体的应急系统，从而导致身体上的应激反应或逃避反应。空处总结前文，说明这样会产生的后果。E项承接上文，说明如果恐慌发作所造成的应激反应如果得不到控制可能会带来的危害；选项中的代词“they”指代前文中的“physical fight or flight reactions”。故选E。
2．答案：G　
解析：上文“If you are sitting on the couch watching TV and you start to feel a panic attack, don't continue to sit there and think about it. Get up and do something else! Leave your desk and apply some cold water to your face. Call a friend. Or just leave the house to get some fresh air.”说明在感到恐慌时采取行动，比如离开沙发去做其他事情、洗脸、给朋友打电话或出门透气。空处总结前文，说明要灵活的面对各种带给我们恐惧的环境。故选G。
3．答案：D　
解析：上文“Just go outside, walk energetically around the block, or walk up and down the stairs until the feeling passes. Gentle exercise is less effective while intense exercise can make it difficult to think about anything else.”说明运动能够缓解恐惧。空处承上启下，D项中的“Physical exercise”和主题句“Work out.”相呼应，“help your muscles relax”和下文中的“tend to tense their muscles”相呼应，说明体育锻炼也可以帮助你的肌肉放松，因为当人们感到焦虑和恐慌时，往往会使肌肉紧张。故选D。
4．答案：C　
解析：下文“Naturally, people may breathe deeper and then make the situation worse.”说明人们可能出现不正确的呼吸方式。空处是对不正确呼吸后果的说明，与接下来的呼吸指导相契合。故选C。
5．答案：A　
解析：设空处为小标题。根据下文“Pick something objective and study it deeply. Then describe every detail of it. When you finish one item, move on to describe other items.”以及“This exercise can help bring you back to the moment and away from focusing on physical sensations.”可知，本段建议转移注意力，可以选择一个客观物体进行深入观察并描述细节，完成一个项目后，继续描述其他项目，以此来引导思维远离身体感受。故选A。

展开更多......

收起↑