资源简介

(共89张PPT)
Unit 4　Everyday economics
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1．bug n.　　　　　 ____________
2．obstacle n. ____________
3．phase n. ____________
4．cosmetics n. ____________
5．entrepreneurial adj. ____________
6．equator n. ____________
7．estate n. ____________
8．calorie n. ____________
9．freshman n. ____________
10．afloat adj. ____________
突然的兴趣，迷恋
障碍，阻碍，妨碍
阶段，时期
化妆品，美容品
创业的，具有创业精神的
赤道
庄园
卡(路里)
(高中或大学的)一年级学生
经济上周转得开的；不欠债的
11．interfere v. ____________
12．rational adj. ____________
13．exceed v. ____________
14．toddler n. ____________
15．frustration n. ____________
16．thereby adv. ____________
17．supervision n. ____________
介入；干涉
(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的
超过，超出
学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩
懊丧，懊恼，沮丧
因此，由此
监督；管理
Ⅱ.核心单词
1．____________ n. 额，前额
2．____________ adj. 无表情的，木然的
3．____________ n. 女主席；女会长
4．____________ n. (事物的)潜力，可能性
5．____________ v. 购买
6．____________ n. 奖金；红利
7．____________ n. 令人悲伤的事，不幸
8．____________ v. (短期的)租用，租借
9．____________ n. 滥用
10．____________ n. 偷窃，偷盗
11．____________ n. (女式)钱包
forehead
blank
chairwoman
potential
purchase
bonus
sorrow
hire
abuse
theft
purse
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1．dizzy adj.头晕目眩的→________ adv.眩晕地→________ n．头昏眼花
2．sunrise n．日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓→________ n．日落
3．enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的→________ n．公司；企业
4．input n．投入(物)→________ n．产量；输出
5．manufacturer n．制造商；制造公司，制造厂→__________ v．生产；制造→___________ n．制造业
6．distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销→________ v．分发→________ n．经销商；分销商→__________ adj.经销的；分销的
7．guidance n．指导，引导→________ v．指导；带领 n．向导；导游
dizzily
dizziness
sunset
enterprise
output
manufacture
manufacturing
distribute
distributor
distributive
guide
8．consultant n．顾问→________ v．咨询；商量；查阅
9．conventional adj.传统的，常规的→________ n．习俗；常规；惯例
10．discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视→__________ n．歧视
11．superior adj.质量上乘的，优质的→________ n．优越(性)；优势
12．mild adj.不浓烈的，淡的→________ adv.轻微地
13．subjective adj.主观的→________ adj.客观的
14．financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→________ n．财政；金融
15．accumulate v．积累，积聚→__________ n．积累→__________ adj.累积的
16．automatically adv.自动地→________ adj.自动的→________ v．使自动化
consult
convention
discrimination
superiority
mildly
objective
finance
accumulation
accumulative
automatic
automate
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．________________　希望……
2．________________ 向……寻求指导
3．________________ 最重要的是；尤其
4．____________ 使收支仅能相抵
5．________________ 妨碍，阻止
6．________________ 陷入债务之中，负债
7．________________ 出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
8．________________ 以损害……为代价
9．________________ 减少
10．________________ 这是常有的事
11．________________ 对……有益
12．________________ 利用
in the hope of
seek guidance from
most of all
make ends meet
interfere with
go into debt
rent out
at the expense of
cut down on
as is often the case
be beneficial to
take advantage of
Ⅴ.经典句式
1．Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses，______________________．
于是，张决定回老家种玫瑰，这让很多人大吃一惊。
2．The road to their success is however still a long and difficult one，__________________________．
然而，他们通往成功的道路仍然是漫长而艰难的，一路上充满着许多挑战。
3．What's more，sharing encourages us to reuse items，thereby _________________．
而且，共享鼓励我们重复使用物品，从而减少浪费。
which surprised many people
with many challenges along the way
cutting down on waste
4．__________________ all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.
正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度超过了现有的法规或正在进行的监管。
As is often the case
1guidance n．引导；指导

(1)under the guidance of sb.(＝under sb.'s guidance) 在某人的指导下
(2)guide n. 指南；指导；导游，向导
vt. 给某人领路；指引；指导；影响(某人的行为)；(向某人)解释，阐明
guide sb. to... 领某人去……(to为介词)
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]The second group did high-intensity aerobic (有氧的) exercise under the ________ (guide) of a trainer for four or more days a week.
②He guided the chairwoman ________ the hall to attend the great wedding.
guidance　
to　
能力提升——句式升级
We were guided by a local guide and visited the splendid statue.
③________________________， we visited the splendid statue.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
④________________________， we visited the splendid statue.
(用with复合结构改写)
⑤________________________， we visited the splendid statue.
(用独立主格结构改写)
⑥______________________________________________________， we visited the splendid statue. (用介词短语改写)
Guided by a local guide
With a local guide guiding us
A local guide guiding us
Under the guidance of a local guide/Under a local guide's guidance
2consultant n．顾问
　 　
consult v. 咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参考
consult a dictionary 查字典
consult sb. about sth. 向某人咨询/请教某事
consult with sb. about/on sth. 就某事与某人商量
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2022·全国乙卷]You can consult your teacher ________ which method suits you best.
②I'm a 34-year-old man, married, live in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational ________ (consult)．
about　
consultant　
能力提升——微写作
③[2022·浙江1月卷]因为我们是队友，我们最好就这个项目彼此商量。
Since we are teammates, _____________________________ about the project.
④你最好不要每次遇到生词就查字典。
You'd better not ________________ every time you come across a new word.
we had better consult with each other
consult a dictionary
【名师指津】　
(1)consult作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，多用作及物动词；作“商量”解时，多用作不及物动词，后跟with sb.，意为“和某人商量”；
(2)关于“查字典”的表达方式有： consult a dictionary, refer to a dictionary, look up...in a dictionary等。
3potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性；潜能　adj.潜在的，可能的

(1)have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的潜力
achieve/fulfil/realize one's (full) potential (充分)发挥某人的潜力
(2)potential danger/conflict 潜在的危险/冲突
(3)potentially adv. 潜在地，可能地
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2022·浙江卷]This type of writing won't be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a ________ (potentially) client.
②All children have the potential ___________ (overcome) adversity.
能力提升——微写作
③作为一名老师，我尽最大努力鼓励我的学生们发挥他们的最大潜力。
As a teacher, I try my best to encourage my students to __________________________________．
potential　
to overcome
achieve/fulfil/realise their full potential
4expense n．费用，花费
　
on expenses 报销
at sb.'s expense 由某人付费
at the expense of 以损害/牺牲……为代价
at great/huge expense 花费大笔费用
spare no expense in doing sth. 不惜成本做某事
基础练习——单句语法填空
①We are bound to cut down on our daily ________ (expense)．
②The Chinese government spares no expense in ________ (preserve) life.
能力提升——微写作
③他每天熬夜学习，牺牲了他的个人时间和社交生活。
He stays up late every night studying ___________________________
______________．
expenses　
preserving　
at the expense of his personal time and
social life
5go into debt陷入债务之中，负债
　　　　
be in heavy debt＝be in deep debt 负债累累
in debt to sb.＝in sb.'s debt 欠某人的人情/债
be/get out of debt 摆脱债务
owe a debt of gratitude to sb. 感激/感谢某人
go/fall/get/run into debt 借债；负债
pay off one's debt(s) 还清某人的债务
基础练习——单句语法填空
①If a person is heavily ________ debt, he is unable to earn his living, let alone gain independence.
②After all these years, he finally paid ________ all his debts.
能力提升——微写作
③他感激老师们的鼓励和指导。
He __________________________ for their encouragement and guidance.
in
owes a debt of gratitude to his teachers
off
6come to an end完结；结束，终止

(1)bring...to an end＝put/bring an end to 使……结束；终止
make ends meet 收支平衡；收支相抵
(2)at the end (of) 在(……的)尽头
in the end 最后，终于
end up (doing) sth. 最终
by the end of 到……为止
基础练习——单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]At the end ________ the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
②[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up ________ (work) late.
③The meeting came to ________ end and he set down a number of key words.
④________ the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be returned to their owners.
of　
working　
an
By
能力提升——微写作
⑤很难相信一个年轻人每周必须工作六十或七十个小时才能勉强维持生计。
Hard to believe a young fellow should have to work sixty or seventy hours a week ____________________．
to make ends meet
7take advantage of利用

(1)advantage n. 有利条件；优势
have/gain/win an advantage over 比……占(获得)优势/处于有利地位；胜过；优于
have the advantage of 有……的优势
(be) to one's advantage 对某人有利
(2)disadvantage n. 不利条件；不便之处
基础练习——单句语法填空
①________ his advantage, he is smart and hard-working, so he has ________ advantage over others.
②To achieve our dreams, we should overcome our ________ (advantage)．
能力提升——微写作
③我的建议是你利用这个机会加入运动队。
My suggestion is that __________________________________ to join sports teams.
To
an　
disadvantages　
you (should) take advantage of the opportunity
8句型公式：as引导定语从句
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时是关系代词，用来指代整个句子的内容，有“正如”之意，常放于主句之前，有时也可放在主句之后或主句之中。
(2)as引导非限制性定语从句时常见的结构有：
as is known to all/as we all know 众所周知
as is often the case 情况常常如此
as often happens 这种情况常常发生
as you can see 正如你所看到的
as has been said before 如前所述
(3)which也可以引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个句子的内容，只能放在主句后，表示前面这句话带来的某种结果。(教材原句)As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.
正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度超过了现有的法规或正在进行的监管。
基础练习——单句语法填空
①________ is said above, he has jumped out of the conventional practice.
②He did not finish the work on time, ________ made his boss very angry.
③________________， we can probably find solutions to some problems from history.
As　
which　
As is often the case
能力提升——微写作
④众所周知，兴趣是最好的老师。
______________________________， interest is the best teacher.
As is known to us all/As we all know
9句型公式：What...is that...
(教材原句)Nonetheless, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy.
尽管如此，共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系。
What I want to stress is that... 我想强调的是……
What impressed me most was that... 给我印象最深的是……
What is known to us is that... 众所周知……
基础练习——微写作
①我想强调的是，我们需要优先保护濒危物种。
____________________ we need to prioritize the protection of endangered species.
②给我留下最深印象的是，美丽的海滩距离市中心只有几分钟的路程。
__________________________ the beautiful beaches were just minutes' ride from the city center.
What I want to stress is that
What impressed me most was that
维度一　词形转换练
1．[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，改编]To improve the quality of ________ (observation) data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the ___________ (identify) of their uploaded image.
2．[2023·全国乙卷]What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very ________ (expense)．
3．[2023·全国乙卷]I have missed plenty of beautiful ________ (sunrise) due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
observational
identification　
expensive　
sunrises
4．[2022·北京卷]What's new is that millions of dollars are now ________ (potential) available to quantum (量子) computing researchers.
5．[2022·全国乙卷]It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by ______________ (manufacture) so they can avoid paying the tax.
6．Activities all take place under the ________ (guide) of an experienced tutor.
7．To the surprise of the little boy, the door opened _______________ (automatic) as he approached.
potentially　
manufacturers　
guidance　
automatically
维度二　固定搭配和句型
1．[2023·北京卷]________ she proposed didn't seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
2．[2022·浙江1月卷]The world won't come to ________ end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.
3．She never allows her personal feelings to interfere ________ her work.
What　
an　
with　
4．Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” ________ the expense of the “speaking”．
5．We have a relationship infinitely superior ________ those of many of our friends.
6．________ was expected, the genius stood out thanks to his intelligence，hard work and perseverance.
at　
to　
As
维度三　清除阅读障碍
熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性和词义
1．The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.________
2．“Indeed，” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.”________
adj.温和的　
n.小虫
一词多义——根据语境选出blank的含义
A.n.空白处，空格　B．adj.无表情的，木然的　C．adj.空白的
3．Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence.________
4．When I heard the news, my mind went blank.________
5．I had a few blank faces and blank eyes when I was delivering a speech.________
A　
.C　
B
维度四　完成句子/句式升级
1．那位夫人面带茫然的表情盯着我。(blank)
The madam stared at me with ________________________________．
a blank expression on her face
2．学校力图因材施教，并帮助每位学生充分发挥他们的潜能。(potential)
The school strives to treat students as individuals and to help each one to ____________________．
3．After I consulted my teacher, I made up my mind to major in English.
→_____________________， I made up my mind to major in English. (分词短语作状语)
achieve their full potential
Having consulted my teacher
应用文过渡衔接句型公式之14——炫酷的因果桥梁词
典例背诵
1.[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Therefore, my suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners.
因此，我的建议是按学生的语言能力分组或者让他们自己选同伴。
2．[2023·北京卷]Since you are planning a club activity with the theme of “Green Beijing” and need my help, I am writing to offer you my suggestions.
因为你正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，需要我的帮助，我在此写信给你提些建议。
3．[2022·全国甲卷]Why should we protect the ocean The reason is that it provides various benefits.
为何我们要保护海洋，原因是：它能为我们提供各种好处。
4．Owing to the accident, I was advised by the doctor to stay in bed for a week. Consequently, I have to cancel my appointment with you.
由于这个意外，医生建议我卧床休息一周。因此，我不得不取消与你的约定了。
好句仿写
1.______________________， we should keep in mind the principle of friendship first.
因为这是个友谊赛，我们应牢记友谊第一的原则。
Since this is a friendly game
2．Next week, a class meeting is scheduled to be held with the theme of Chinese traditional culture, which will be displayed on the English website later. ___________________________， I am writing to ask for some advice from you on what kind of Chinese traditional culture attracts the foreigners most.
下周，将举行一次以中国传统文化为主题的班会，并且之后会在英文网站展示。因此，我在此写信想请教你，中国传统文化的哪些方面最吸引外国人。
Therefore / Consequently/As a result
3．_______________________________， I couldn't visit my grandparents.But I video chatted with them, sending my new year's wishes.
由于流行性感冒，我不能去看望爷爷奶奶了。但是我和他们进行了视频聊天，发送了新年祝福。
Owing to/Due to/Because of the influenza
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·河南省五市高三第一次联考)High in the Swiss Alps, St Moritz made its name as a place for pushing the boundaries of winter sports. Recently, the region continued its long tradition of expanding the limits of what is possible with a world record attempt not on snow or ice, but on rails. To mark the 175th anniversary of Switzerland's first railway, a railway company created the world's longest passenger train—100 cars, 2, 990 tonnes and almost two kilometers long.
Formed of 25 new electric trains, the record breaking 1, 906 meter train took almost an hour to cover around 25 kilometers over the impressive UNESCO World Heritage Albula Line, which is famous for its endless swooping curves and steep inclines (斜坡). The mountain railways are regarded as great feats of engineering. The 62 kilometer line be tween Thusis and St Moritz, a world renowned masterpiece of civil engineering, took just five years to build despite requiring 55 bridges and 39 tunnels.
Unlike most Swiss and European railways, which use the standard gauge (标准轨距) between the rails of 1.435 meters, the rails, known as Rhaetische Bahn rails, are just one meter apart. “In order to complete the train's journey successfully, everything has to be perfect. We need to be 100% synchronized (同步的), every second. Everyone has to keep their speed and other systems under control at all times，” lead driver Andreas Kramer said. “We need to know the Albula Line very well, every change of gradient, and every incline.”
The mountainous Swiss landscape has encouraged creative transportation solutions for generations, resulting in one of the most train reliant nations in the world. On average, Swiss citizens travel about 2, 450 kilometers by train annually an estimated quarter of their total transportation system. In 2021, Swiss Federal Railways operated 11，260 trains carrying 880，000 passengers and 185，000 tonnes of goods per day on a 3，265 kilometer long network with 804 stations. Therefore, the successful record attempt will be great for the local area and for the country as a whole.
1．Why is the world's longest passenger train created？(　　)　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　
A.To satisfy people's increasing demand for transportation.
B.To celebrate the 175th year of Swiss first railway.
C.To encourage people to pay attention to Swiss winter sports.
D.To attract more visitors to appreciate the beauty of St Moritz.
B　细节理解题。根据第一段“To mark the 175th anniversary of Switzerland's first railway, a railway company created the world's longest passenger train”可知，世界上最长的客运列车修建的原因是纪念瑞士第一条铁路开通175周年，即为了庆祝瑞士首条铁路开通的第175年。故选B。
2．What does the underlined word “feats” probably mean in Paragraph 2？(　　)
A．Achievements. B．Competitions.
C．Difficulties. D．Expectations.
A　词义猜测题。句意：山地铁路被认为是伟大的工程成就。根据下文可知，此铁路线是杰作，因此应该是被认为是伟大的成就。故选A。
3．What does Andreas Kramer think of the drivers' work？(　　)
A．Boring but well paid. B．Impressive and difficult.
C．Demanding and challenging. D．Dangerous but rewarding.
C　推理判断题。根据第三段首席铁路驾驶员Andreas Kramer所说的话“In order to complete the train's journey successfully, everything has to be perfect.”以及“We need to know the Albula Line very well, every change of gradient, and every incline”可知，Andreas Kramer认为驾驶员的工作要求很高，极具挑战性。故选C。
4．What can be learnt from the figures in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Tourism increasingly gains popularity among Swiss citizens.
B．Constructing the world's longest train has proven to be difficult.
C.The successful record attempt has great significance for Switzerland.
D．The development of green transportation is an important growing trend in Switzerland.
C　推理判断题。根据最后一段这些数字反映了铁路运输系统在瑞士有着非常重要的意义。再根据最后一句“Therefore, the successful record attempt will be great for the local area and for the country as a whole”，可知选项C“这次成功的创纪录尝试对瑞士具有重要意义”符合原文。
B
(2025·山东省淄博市高三一模)Is my article mid or valid If you can answer this question, you already are accustomed to what we term “algospeak”. As more and more online users join social media platforms such as TikTok (抖音), algospeak continues to grow. But what is it, what do these words mean
Algospeak is a coded language or slang used online. For some communities it is the only way to talk safely about sensitive subjects. Due to the rise of algorithmic censorship (算法筛查) in media, algospeak developed as a way to prevent robot from deleting their videos and messages. Users had to get creative to avoid deletion. This means that as long as there is censorship, there will be a new language to avoid it.
Further, new slang created on social media platforms fits itself into everyday life. Even if you are not writing a message on TikTok, you may have caught yourself using phrases from the app in your daily life. This connection between people all over the globe allows for shared vocabulary. It also has the potential to completely change the way we as English speakers speak. Here is some new slang popularized by TikTok.
Bussin' (adj.)—something is really good, usually referring to food
Mid (adj.)—ordinary, not good or bad
Sheesh (ex.)—response either meaning disbelief or surprise, can be positive or negative
Valid (adj.)—something very good or meets a very high standard; a respectable opinion
No one would have suspected artificial intelligence (AI) would be the catalyst (催化剂) for change but it is. The combination of not only censorship but also high connectivity birthed a new language. Some older generations can't even understand what the youngest generation says because of the lack of exposure to the new language. The gap between English before social media and English as it is now is giant, and it continues to grow.
So, what should we expect for the future Will censorship loosen or will the English language continue to evolve from digital media Time can only tell.
5．What contributed to the emergence of algospeak？(　　)
A．The need for netizens to escape censorship.
B．The desire for a shared vocabulary around the world.
C．The authority's demand for creating a new language.
D．The social media's intention to catch public attention.
A　推理判断题。根据第二段前三句“Algospeak是一种在线使用的编码语言或俚语。对于某些团体来说，这是安全谈论敏感话题的唯一途径。由于媒体中算法审查的兴起，algospeak发展成为一种防止机器人删除视频和消息的方法。”可知，algospeak出现的原因是：为了避免算法审查。故选A项。
6．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？(　　)
A．AI needs catalyst to develop.
B．Social media birthed a new language.
C．Algospeak may cause communication obstacles.
D．Strict censorship is a barrier to interpersonal relationships.
C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段三四句“由于缺乏对新语言的接触，一些老一辈甚至无法理解年轻一代所说的话。社交媒体流行之前的英语和现在的英语间的差距是巨大的，而且还在继续扩大。”可知，因为这种新网络语言与之前的语言有很大差异，因此可能出现沟通障碍。故选C项。
7．What is the author's attitude towards the future of algospeak？(　　)
A．Expectant. B．Intolerant. C．Skeptical. D．Unclear.
D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，对于algospeak的未来，作者也不确定将来会怎么发展，还需要时间去观察，可得出作者对其的态度是不明确的。故选D项。
8．What can we infer about algospeak？(　　)
A．It offers a new outlook on life.
B．Its evolution is associated with AI.
C．It has reshaped the digital media.
D．It has won popularity among all ages.
B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“没有人会怀疑人工智能(AI)会是变革的催化剂，但事实的确如此。”可知，人工智能是algospeak出现这一变革的催化剂，即人工智能和algospeak有联系。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·辽宁省六校协作体高三模拟)Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and __1__ of consumer demands for environment friendly products have __2__ the pollution problem. One __3__ is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.
__4__， today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. __5__ they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “Will this shampoo damage the environment？” “Can this metal container be __6__ or can it only be used once？”
A recent study showed that two __7__ five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the __8__ they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green”， that is, friendly to the environment.
Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products __9__ labels to show that the product is green. Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising and have made it their main selling __10__.
The __11__ for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink __12__they do business. No longer will the public accept the old __13__ of “Buy it, use it, throw it away and forget it.” The public __14__ is still here, and companies are __15__ their act gradually.
1．(　　)A.part　　　　　　　B．lack　　　　 　　　
C．lots　　　　 　 D．varieties
B　根据“Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted.”可知，因为缺乏消费者对环保产品的需求，当今世界上许多城市污染严重。故选B。
2．(　　)A.applied to B．contributed to
C．exposed to D．devoted to
B　根据“Careless methods of production and __1__ of consumer demands for environment friendly products ”可知，这些原因导致污染问题。故选B。
3．(　　)A.possibility B．chance C．result D．effect
C　根据“millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of”可知，粗心的生产方法和缺乏消费者对环保产品的需求的结果之一是产生了数百万吨的玻璃、纸、塑料和金属容器。故选C。
4．(　　)A.Therefore B．Furthermore
C．Similarly D．However
D　根据“Careless methods of production and __1__ of consumer demands for environment friendly products have __2__ the pollution problem.”可知，前后情况不同，表示转折，故选D。
5．(　　)A.After B．Though C．Before D．Unless
C　根据“today, more and more consumers are choosing ‘green’”以及“adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it.”可知，消费者在购买前会问一些产品是否环保的问题。故选C。
6．(　　)A.reused B．safe C．friendly D．returned
A　根据“or can it only be used once？”可知，消费者购买金属容器前会询问是否可以重复利用。故选A。
7．(　　)A.of B．on C．from D．out of
D　根据“adults now consider the environmental safety of a product ”可知，这是描述有一定数量的成年人会考虑产品是否环保。two out of five表示五分之二，故选D。
8．(　　)A.rhyme B．way C．section D．branch
B　根据“Careless methods of production ”可知，为了迎合消费者对环保产品的需求，公司要改变制造和销售产品方式。故选B。
9．(　　)A.carry B．take C．include D．make
A　根据“to show that the product is green.”可知，产品标签是绿色标签。故选A。
10．(　　)A.advantage B．technique C．point D．attraction
C　根据“Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，产品清洁安全是公司销售卖点。故选C。
11．(　　)A.concern B．hope C．care D．plan
A　根据“Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，企业关注更安全更清洁的环境。故选A。
12．(　　)A.what B．how C．whether D．when
B　根据“Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，这是企业如何经营的方式。故选B。
13．(　　)A.saying B．trust C．attitude D．fashion
C　根据“Buy it, use it, throw it away and forget it.”可知，这是旧的态度。故选C。
14．(　　)A.pressure B．pleasure C．discussion D．interest
A　句意：公众的压力仍然存在，公司正在逐步改善他们的行为。根据“No longer will the public accept the old __13__ of ‘Buy it, use it, throw it away and forget it.’”可知，故选A。
15．(　　)A.enlarging B．sharing C．cleaning D．improving
D　根据“Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising ”可知，这是公司改善自己的行为。故选D。

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