资源简介

(共39张PPT)
Leading in
Unit 2
Grammar
北师大版2024英语八年级上册
语法课
Learning Aims
识记情态动词和不定代词的基本含义、用法及易混词差异。（学习理解）
01
在对话、写作中正确使用两类词，灵活匹配语境，通过练习提升熟练度。（应用实践）
02
在复杂场景（阅读、写作）中运用，理解表达意图，对比中英差异。（迁移创新）
03
Presentation
Contents
Leading in
1
Prsentation
2
Practice
3
Exercise
5
Homework
6
Summary
4
01. Leading in
Leading in
Autumn Outing Battle! —— Safety and Preparation Guide
Class, our autumn trip to the Forest Park is tomorrow! Everyone must follow 3 safety rules — check the animation tips!
Leading in
Safety Rules
Must stay with the group.
Must keep away from fire.
Must stay in the designated area.
Must I stay with the group even when picking up fallen leaves
Yes! Everyone must stay within the teacher’s sight. Safety first!
Presentation
Must stay with the group.
Must stay in the designated area.
Must keep away from fire.
Everyone must stay within the teacher’s sight. Safety first!
情态动词
不定代词
02. Presentation
Presentation
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情态动词must
表示：必须、义务
must
句式结构
主语 + must + 动词原形
Students must finish homework on time.
表示：禁止
mustn't
句式结构
主语 + mustn’t（= must not）+ 动词原形
Children mustn’t play with fire.
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情态动词must
表示：肯定推测
must
句式结构
主语 + must + 动词原形
She must be at home. The lights are on.
表示推测时，用于肯定句中。与can表示推测时有区别，can用于否定句中。
疑问句用法
Must + 主语 + 动词原形？
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情态动词must
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疑问句用法，答语
Must I hand in the report today
Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t /don’t have to.
肯定
答语
否定
答语
否定回答不用mustn't
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表示：必须做某事
情态动词have to
have to
句式结构
主语 + have to + 动词原形
She has to wear a uniform at school.
第三人称单数现在时：has to
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情态动词have to
时态变化
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否定句
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情态动词have to
have to
句式结构
don’t /doesn’t /didn’t + have to（表示 “不必”）She didn’t have to attend the meeting.
doesn’t have to 只用于一般现在时
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情态动词have to
疑问句
have to
句式结构
Do / Does / Did + 主语 + have to...
Do we have to bring our ID cards
Yes, we do.
No, we don’t.
肯定
答语
否定
答语
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have to must
强调重点 客观要求（外部压力） 主观意愿（个人决定）
时态变化 有（has to /had to 等） 无（只有现在时形式）
否定含义 don’t have to（不必） mustn’t（禁止）
例句 I have to pay taxes.（法律要求） I must study hard.（自己决定）
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情态动词have to与must 的区别
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情态动词should
表示：建议、劝告
should应该做某事
句式结构
主语 + should + 动词原形
You should eat more vegetables.
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情态动词should
表示：义务、责任
should应该做某事
句式结构
主语 + should + 动词原形
You should respect your parents.
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情态动词should
表示：推测、预期
should应该会
句式结构
主语 + should + 动词原形
The train should arrive at 9:00.
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情态动词should
否定句
should
句式结构
主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形
You shouldn’t talk loudly in the library.
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情态动词should
疑问句
should
句式结构
Should + 主语 + 动词原形？（用于征求建议）Should I take an umbrella today
Yes, you should.
No, you shouldn’t.
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不定代词
Last Saturday, our class had an autumn outing to Green Lake Park. Everyone was excited.
We met at school, and our teacher said, “Everyone bring water, nobody litter.” On the bus, someone sang, and everybody joined in.
The park was beautiful with yellow and red leaves. We took photos, played games, and I found a special red leaf. At noon, we had a picnic—everyone shared food.
In the afternoon, we played “Treasure Hunt.” Everyone found a gift. We took a class photo before leaving. What a great day!
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不定代词的用法
some any no every
人 someone/somebody anyone/ anybody no one/ nobody everyone/
everybody
事物 something anything nothing everything
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不定代词的用法
不定代词
some、someone、somebody、something 等常用于肯定句中，有时也用于疑问句中，希望得到肯定答复。
any、anyone、anybody、anything 等常用于否定句和疑问句中。
every、everyone、everybody、everything 可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。当其做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
修饰不定代词的形容词通常放于不定代词之后。
03. Practice
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Practice
1．（24-25八年级·甘肃平凉·期末）Look! There is _________ in the classroom. It’s empty.
A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody
【详解】句意：看！教室里没有人。它是空的。
考查代词辨析。nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人。根据“It’s empty.”可知，教室里没有人。故选A。
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Practice
2．（24-25八年级·上海浦东新·期中）Is there ________ in today’s newspaper, Linda
A．anything exciting B．anything excited
C．exciting anything D．excited anything
【详解】句意：琳达，今天的报纸上有（什么）令人高兴的消息吗？考查不定代词的用法。形容词修饰不定代词位于其后，排除CD，修饰事物用-ing形式的形容词，排除B。故选A。
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Practice
3．（24-25七年级下·江苏·期末）________ knows everything about him, because he never tells ________ about his private life.
A．Somebody; something B．Anybody; anything
C．Nobody; anything D．Everybody; something
【详解】句意：没有人对他的一切情况都了如指掌，因为他从不透露任何有关其个人生活的信息。
考查代词辨析。Somebody某人；Anybody任何人；Nobody没人；Everybody每个人。此处是否定句，用anything。故选C。
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Practice
4．（西藏自治区林芝市2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末学业水平监测英语试卷）The notebook ________ Jim’s. It has his name on it.
A．can’t be B．mustn’t be C．may be D．must be
【详解】句意：这个笔记本一定是吉姆的。上面有他的名字。
考查must表示推测。can’t be不可能是；mustn’t be一定不是；may be也许是；must be一定是。根据“It has his name on it.”可知，笔记本上有Jim的名字，因此一定是Jim的。故选D。
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Practice
5．（24-25八年级下·安徽安庆·期末）—How was the youth club last night, Mike
—It was great fun. You ________ come.
A．must B．can C．should D．may
【详解】句意：——迈克，昨晚的青年俱乐部怎么样？——非常有趣。你应该来的。考查情态动词。must必须；can能；should应该；may可能。根据“It was great fun.”可知，此处是建议对方“应该”来，should“应该”符合语境。故选C。
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Practice
6．（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）Because of the rainstorm, we ________ leave early.
A．have to B．may C．can D．might
【详解】句意：因为暴雨，我们不得不早点离开。考查情态动词。have to不得不；may可能；can能够；might可能。根据“Because of the rainstorm”可知，暴雨是客观原因，导致“不得不”提前离开，强调必要性而非可能性。故选A。
04. Summary
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情态动词 含义 否定形式
must 必须、一定（主观义务） mustn’t（禁止）
have to 必须、不得不（客观要求） don’t/doesn’t have to（不必）
should 应该、应当（建议 / 责任） shouldn’t（不应该）
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类别 不定代词 含义 常用句式 / 场景
指人 everyone/everybody 每个人（全部） 肯定、疑问、否定
someone/somebody 某人（不确定） 肯定句；表请求 / 建议的疑问句
anyone/anybody 任何人 否定句、疑问句；肯定句表 “无论谁”
no one/nobody 没有人（否定） 肯定句形式表否定意义
指物 everything 所有事物（全部） 各种句式
something 某物 / 某事（不确定） 肯定句；表请求 / 建议的疑问句
anything 任何事物 否定句、疑问句；肯定句表 “无论什么”
nothing 没有事物（否定） 肯定句形式表否定意义
05. Exercise
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Practice
一、完成句子
1．我们在学校得穿校服。
We wear uniforms at school.
2．We must clean the classroom today. (改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答)
we clean the classroom today
Yes , we .
No, we .
3．We should buy eco-friendly products.（改为否定句）
We buy eco-friendly products.
4．There was some orange in the cup.（改为一般疑问句）
there orange in the cup
5．我到处找吃的， 但我什么也没找到。
I looked for food, but I couldn’t find .
have to
Must
must
needn’t
shouldn’t
Was
any
everywhere
anything
06. Homework
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1.抄写所学情态动词及不定代词三英一汉
2.使用情态动词造句，肯定句、否定句、疑问句及答语。
3、背诵所学知识点。
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Thanks

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