资源简介

(共41张PPT)
Unit 2 Home Sweet Home
Section A
What can you do
for your home
Grammar Focus
八年级上 RJ
Learning Objectives:
In this lesson, we will be able to:
1. use "can/could" to make polite requests and ask for permission
correctly.
2. distinguish between requests (R) and permission (P) using
"can/could".
3. create real-life dialogues using target structures .
Lean-in
What problems did you see How did they solve them
My phone is dead.
Could I use your phone to call my parents
Sorry, but I didn't bring my phone.
/ded/ adj.
不运行的; 死的
I was sick yesterday.
Could you show me your notes from the English class
Sure. Here you are.
note /n t/ n. 笔记;便条 v. 注意
Mr. Wang, can you help me open the door
The box is too heavy.
Of course.
Which sentences ask for help, and which ask for permission
R for requests
P for permission
Can you help me open the door
Could you show me your notes from the English class
Could I use your phone to call my parents
询问“you”时, 用于提出要求或
请求(requests)。
提到“I”时, 用于请求许可(permission)。
Can/Could you please...
请你....好吗？/你能(可以)...吗？
Can/Could I...
我能....吗？
3a
Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered.
Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question.
Could you please sweep the floor OK, Mum. I’ll do it at once.
Could I hang out with my friends after lunch Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first.
Can I put some flowers on the table Yes, good idea!
Can you help me hang up the photos Sure./No problem!
R
R
P
P
at once = right away/now 立刻,马上
on the table 在桌上
grammar
情态动词 can 和 could 的用法
情态动词can和could可用于向对方提出请求，也可用于请求对方允许自己做某事。它本身不能作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词
can & could
1. 用于提出要求或请求 Can/Could you please... （重点）
2. 用于请求许可 Can/Could I... （重点）
3. 用于表示能力
can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力
grammar
考向1 用于提出要求或请求
Can/Could you please.. “请你···好吗？”/“你能/可以···吗？”，用于提出要求或请求。常用答语有：
肯定回答 Yes, sure/of course. 好的，当然可以。
No problem. 没问题。
With pleasure. 乐意帮忙。
Sure/Of course/Certainly. 当然可以。
否定回答 Sorry, I can't. I have to... 对不起，我不能。我得...
Sorry, I'm going to... 对不起，我将...
I'm afraid I can't. I have to... 恐怕不行。我得...
I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行。
grammar
考向1 用于提出要求或请求
Can/Could you please.. “请你···好吗？”/“你能/可以···吗？”，
用于提出要求或请求。
e.g. —Can you please lend me your bike 请把你的自行车借给我好吗？
—Sure/Of course/Certainly. 当然可以。
—Could you please go hiking with me tomorrow
请你明天和我一起去远足好吗
—Sorry, I can't. I have to prepare for a competition.
对不起，我不能。我得准备一个比赛。
练习：—Can you go out with us tonight
—I'd love to, but I ______. I have to finish my work.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
A
grammar
考向2 用于请求许可
Can/Could I..., “我能···吗？”，用于请求对方允许自己做某事。常用的答语有：
肯定回答 Yes, you can. 是的, 你可以。
Of course you can. 当然可以。
Yes, please. 是的，去吧/用吧/......
否定回答 Sorry, you can't. 对不起，你不可以。
Sorry, I'm afraid you can't. 对不起，恐怕不行。
grammar
考向2 用于请求许可
Can/Could I..., “我能···吗？”，用于请求对方允许自己做某事。
e.g. —Could I have a look at your new watch 我能看一下你的新手表吗？
—Of course you can. Here you are. 当然可以。给你。
—Mum, could I go out for a while 妈妈，我能出去一会儿吗？
—I'm afraid you can't. You have to wash your clothes first.
恐怕不能。你得先把你的衣服洗了。
练习：(北京中考改编) —Sam, ______ I join you in the community service
—Of course you can.
A. could B. must C. should D. need
A
特别提醒:
表示提出请求或请求许可（即请求别人允许自己做某事）时，
could和can都可以用，但could语气更委婉。
e.g. Could/Can I come in 我可以进来吗？
但回应许可时，只能用can, 而不用could(此时的could只表示委婉语气，不表示过去式，故用can回答。当表示过去的能力时，才可用could回答)。
e.g. —Could I use your pen 我可以用你的钢笔吗？
—Of course you can. 当然可以。(此处不能用could)
练习：—Simon, could you go to Huating Lake with me tomorrow
—Sorry, I ________. I have to take care of my sick brother at home.
A. won’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
C
grammar
考向3 用于表示能力
表示现在的能力用can, 表示过去的能力用could。此时could是can的过去式。
e.g. My sister can swim. 我妹妹会游泳。
He couldn't answer the question at that time.
他当时不能回答那个问题。
练习：— ______ I take my cousin Shirley with us, Mr. Wu？
— Yes, but we’ll get there by bike. ______ she ride a bike
— Yes, and she ______ ride a bike when she was only six years old.
A. Could; can; could B. Can; can; can
C. Can; could; could D. Could; could; can
A
1. —______ you remind Sally not to wear her school uniform for
the picnic tomorrow
—OK. I'll tell her.
A. Must B. Should C. Can D. Need
2. —Could you please help me with my homework
—Yes, I ______.
A. must B. could C. need D. can
3. —Helen, could you please water the flowers in my garden
—______. They are so lovely.
A. That's too bad B. With pleasure
C. You're welcome D. I'm afraid not
闯关练习一：单项选择。
C
D
B
4. —Mum, ______ I go shopping with you
—Yes, you ______. But you have to finish your homework first.
A. could; can B. could; could C. must; can D. must; could
5. —Bill, ______ I use your ruler
—Of course you can. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
6. (抚顺中考)The lovely boy ______ ride the bike at the age of six.
A. must B. could C. need D. should
闯关练习一：单项选择。
A
A
B
1. Could you please go shopping with me (作肯定回答)
________ _________.
2. Tom was able to swim at the age of five. (同义句转换)
Tom ________ ________ at the age of five.
3. I want to use your bike. (改为委婉语气)
________ ________ ________ your bike
4. Could you please sweep the floor (改为否定句)
________ you ________ ______ ________ the floor
5. Could I borrow the English novel (作否定回答)
________, ________ ________. I have not read it.
闯关练习二：按要求完成句子，每空一词。
Of course / No problem. / With pleasure.
could swim
Could I use
Could please not sweep
Sorry you can’t
1. 星期五你能帮忙喂鱼吗？
________ you ________ ________ the fish on Friday
2. —我们可以在这里拍照吗？ —对不起，不能。
—Could we take photos here
—Sorry, ________ ________.
3. —今晚我可以去看电影吗？ —你可以。
—________ ________ go to the movies tonight
—________, ________ ________.
4. 我可以邀请我的朋友们来参加派对吗？
________ ________ ________ my friends ________ the party
5. 请你不要吃它们好吗？
Could you please ________ ________ ________
闯关练习三：翻译句子，每空一词。
Can/Could please feed
you can’t
Can/Could I
Yes you can
Can/Could I invite to
not eat them
3b
Choose the best question to complete each conversation.
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet D. Could I use your computer
1. A: _____________________________________
B: Of course you can.
2. A: _____________________________________
B: Yes, if you are careful with it.
give sb. a ride 送某人一程;让某人搭便车
stay out 呆在外面
go to the toilet 上厕所;上洗手间
C
be careful with 注意;当心
/ n't l/ prep.
到...时;直到...为止
D
be careful with 注意;当心
同义短语：be careful of/about 当心;留意
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet D. Could I use your computer
3. A: _____________________________________
B: No, you can’t. You have a basketball game
tomorrow, remember You need a good rest.
B
have a basketball game
有一场篮球赛
need a good rest 需要好好休息
（have a rest 休息一下）
3b
Choose the best question to complete each conversation.
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet D. Could I use your computer
4. A: Can I go to the movies
B: Of course.
A: ___________________________________
B: I can’t. I have to do some work now.
/'mu vi/ n. 电影
go to the movies 去看电影
A
have to 不得不
do some work 干活
of course 当然，
相当于sure或certainly，
通常在对话中用作肯定回答。
3b
Choose the best question to complete each conversation.
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet D. Could I use your computer
我能在外面待到11点吗？
1. until prep.到......时；直到......为止
【介词】到······时；直到······为止
not...until... “直到......才......”，常与非延续性动词连用，表示动作
直到until所表示的时间才发生。
e.g. They didn't have a car until last year. 他们直到去年才有一辆汽车。
拓展：【连词】到······时；直到······为止 （引导时间状语从句）
e.g. You will never truly understand your parents' great love until you
grow up. 直到你长大后，你才会真正理解父母伟大的爱。(2024泸州中考)
练习：Mr. Peter ______ go to bed ______ he finished his work last night.
A. wasn’t; until B. don’t; until C. didn’t; until D. isn’t; until
C
Language points
3b
2. A: _____________________________________
B: Yes, if you are careful with it.
如果你小心使用的话，可以。
2. (1) be careful with 注意；当心
e.g. Be careful with the knife while cooking, and don't cut your fingers.
做饭时小心用刀，不要切伤手指。(2024自贡中考)
拓展：(1) be careful (not) to do sth. “小心(不要)做某事”。
e.g. Be careful not to wake the baby. 注意别吵醒婴儿。
(2) be careful 可单独使用，表示“小心，当心”，
相当于look out 或watch out。
e.g. Be careful — the floor is slippery. 小心——地板很滑。
练习：当你切碎西红柿时，当心你的手指。
When you cut up the tomatoes, please ________________ your fingers.
be careful with
Language points
3b
2. A: _____________________________________
B: Yes, if you are careful with it.
2. (2) if 引导条件状语从句 第一条件句(遵循主将从现原则) ：
结构 ：If + 一般现在时，主句使用will + 动词原形(一般将来时)。
用途 ：表达未来可能实现的假设。
e.g. If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
如果明天下雨，我们将取消野餐。
If you are careful with my computer, I will lend it to you.
如果你小心使用我的电脑，我就借给你。
练习：If it _________ (rain), I __________ (take) an umbrella.
rains
will take
Language points
3b
1. Lily: Could I stay at your home until 9 pm Aunt Li: ______
A. Yes, but call your mom. B. No, you can't watch TV.
2. Sam: Can you help me clean the classroom Jack: ______
A. Sure, no problem. B. Yes, you can.
3. Jim: Could I use your laptop Tom: ______
A. Yes, if you’re careful with it. B. Of course you can’t.
4. Lucy: Can we stay here until sunset Mrs. White: ______
A. Yes, if you are tired. B. Sorry, the library closes at 6.
Practice
A
A
A
B
3c
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
1. You are at your friend’s home. You want to call
your parents, but your phone is dead.
A: Can/Could I use your phone
B: Sure./Of course.
/ded/ adj.
不运行的; 死的
3c
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
2. You were sick at home yesterday. Your friend went
to an English class and took notes. You want to
know more about the class.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can/Could you tell me something about
yesterday’s English class
B: Sure. / Of course.
take notes 做笔记
note /n t/ n. 笔记;便条 v. 注意
know about 知道; 了解
3c
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
3. You are holding a large box. It is difficult to open
the door. Your neighbour comes.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can/Could you help me open the door
B: Sure. / Of course.
It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是……的
it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
It is difficult to open the door. 难以开门
hold a large box 抱着一个大箱子
3c
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
4. You and your classmates want to help clean up the
community. Ask your classmates to bring gloves
and rubbish bags.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can/Could you bring gloves and rubbish bage
to clean up the community
B: Sure. / Of course. / No problem.
clean up 清扫
/k 'mju n ti/ n. 社区;社团
/'r b / n. 垃圾
rubbish bag 垃圾袋
rubbish bin 垃圾桶
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
你想给你的父母打电话，但你的电话没电了。
1. You are at your friend’s home. You want to call your parents,
but your phone is dead.
A: Can/Could I use your phone
B: Sure./Of course.
3. dead adj.不运行的；死的
(1)【形容词】（因为缺电）不运行的
e.g. My phone went dead, so I need to charge it.
我的手机没电了,所以我需要给它充电。
(2) 【形容词】死的 在句中作定语或表语。the dead 死者
e.g. There were dead leaves on the ground after the strong wind.
大风过后枯叶落了一地。
I'm afraid he is dead. 恐怕他已经去世了。
注意：表示“死了多长时间”要用“have/has been dead for+时间段”
或“died+时间段+ago”。
e.g. The poor man has been dead for ten years. 那个可怜的人已经去世十年了。
He died a week ago. 他一个星期前就去世了。
Language points
3c
你想给你的父母打电话，但你的电话没电了。
1. You are at your friend’s home. You want to call your parents,
but your phone is dead.
A: Can/Could I use your phone
B: Sure./Of course.
3. 与 dead 相关的其他单词：
die 【不及物动词】死亡 过去式：died, 现在分词：dying。
是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用。die of/from“死于”
death 【名词】死亡
dying 【形容词】垂死的；临死的 只能作前置定语。
练习：His dog ________ last week and his ________ made him very sad.
A. died; die B. death; died C. died; death D. dead; death
C
Language points
3c
你的朋友去上英语课了并做了笔记。
2. You were sick at home yesterday. Your friend went to
an English class and took notes. You want to
know more about the class.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
4. note n. 笔记; 记录; 便条 v. 注意；指出
(1)【可数名词】笔记；记录
指“（听讲或读书等时的）笔记，记录”时，通常用复数形式notes。
take/make notes 记笔记
e.g. Taking notes in class is a good way to help you review what you
have learned.
课堂上做笔记是帮助你复习所学知识的好方法。（眉山中考）
(2) 【可数名词】便条；短笺
e.g. She always writes love notes as gifts to warm others.
她总是写爱心便条作为礼物温暖他人。
Language points
3c
你的朋友去上英语课了并做了笔记。
2. You were sick at home yesterday. Your friend went to
an English class and took notes. You want to
know more about the class.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
4. note n. 笔记; 记录; 便条 v. 注意；指出
(3)【及物动词】注意；指出 其后可跟名词、代词或that从句。
e.g. He noted the time when they left the building.
他们离开大楼的时候，他留意了一下时间。
The teacher noted that the exam was very important.
老师指出这场考试非常重要。
练习：John习惯考试前浏览笔记。
John is used to looking through ________ before an exam.
高老师每节课都要求我们在笔记本上记笔记。
Miss Gao asks us to ______ _____ in the notebook every class.
notes
take notes
Language points
3c
你和你的同学们想帮忙打扫社区。
4. You and your classmates want to help clean up the community.
Ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
5. clean up 清扫 为“动词+副词”型短语。
clean up + 名词 = clean +名词 + up
clean + 代词 + up (代词只能放中间)
e.g. We volunteered to clean up our city park. 我们自愿打扫我们的城市公园。
= We volunteered to _______________________. (2024云南中考)
e.g. The room is too dirty, Please _______ _____ _______.
房间太脏了,请把它打扫干净。
拓展：clean-up【名词】清扫；清除
e.g. My kids helped me do a big clean-up yeaterday.
昨天我的孩子们帮我大扫除。
clean our city park up
clean it up
Language points
3c
让你的同学们带手套和垃圾袋。
4. You and your classmates want to help clean up the community.
Ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
6. rubbish n. 垃圾
【不可数名词】同义词有：waste、trash、garbage、litter等。
a rubbish bag/bin 垃圾袋/桶 household rubbish 生活垃圾
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 rubbish sorting 垃圾分类
e.g Don’t throw away rubbish everywhere. It’s everyone’s duty to protect
the environment.
不要把垃圾丢得遍地都是。保护环境是每个人的职责。(2024龙东中考)
Please put the banana peels into the rubbish bin. 请把香蕉皮放进垃圾桶。
练习：海滩上很多垃圾，我们最好捡一捡。
There is a lot of ________ on the beach, we’d better pick it up.
rubbish
Language points
3c
A: Hi, Jim. ________ ________ ________ ________ receive
the delivery if it arrives today
B: _____ ________. Just let me know the tracking number(运单号)
if needed.
场景 1：请邻居帮忙收快递
1. You can’t be at home when the delivery comes.
You want to ask your neighbor to help receive it.
（快递送达时你没在家，想请邻居帮忙代收 。）
No problem
Could you help me
Practice
A: Hey, ________ ________ ________ __________ ________
me in the park this afternoon
B: __________! I just need to finish my homework first.
Then we can have a good game.
2. You plan to play basketball in the park. You want to ask your
friend to join you.
Sure
can you play basketball with
Practice
场景 2：邀请朋友一起运动
1. My phone is __________ (die). Could I borrow your power bank
2. There are about five hundred ____________ (community) in our city.
3. Leo always takes __________ (note) carefully in English class.
4. Look! There __________ (be) some rubbish and paper bags on the
playground.
5. —Could you please __________ (not say) bad words about Jack
—Sorry, I won't.
dead
I. 用括号内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。
communities
notes
is
not say
Exercises
II. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子(每空一词)。
1. 切洋葱时，请当心你的眼睛。
When you cut up the onions, please _______ _________ _______
your eyes.
2. 我们在课堂上应该认真记笔记。
We should ________ ________ carefully in class.
3. 你的书包乱糟糟。你需要整理它。
Your schoolbag is in a mess. You should ________ ______ _______.
4. 周末我想和朋友去看电影。
I want to ________ ________ ________ ________ with my friends this weekend.
5. 上学期，直到6月底，我们才结束新课。
We _______ finish the new lessons _______ the end of June last term.
clean it up
be careful with
take notes
go to the movies
didn’t until
Exercises
III. 按要求完成下列句子(每空一词)。
1. She can fix the bike herself. (改为一般疑问句)
________ she ________ the bike herself
2. —Mike, could you lend me your dictionary (作肯定回答)
—________ ________. Here you are.
3. —Excuse me, could I open the window (作肯定回答)
—Yes, ________ ________.
4. He could solve the problem. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ he ________
5. Lucy was able to ride a bike at six. (改为同义句)
Lucy ________ ________ a bike at six.
Yes sure
you can
/of course
What could do
could ride
Can fix
Exercises
1. Memorize the new words, expressions and sentences in Section A (Grammar Focus).
2. Summarize the rules and usage of mainking polite requests and asking for permission.
Homework

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