资源简介

(共33张PPT)
过去完成进行时
The Past Perfect Progressive
目录
contents
Part 1 什么是过去完成进行时？
Part 2 过去完成进行的结构
Part 3 过去完成进行时句型分析
Part 4 过去完成进行时的用法
Part 5 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
Part 6 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
Part 7 过去完成时与过去完成进行时的区别
Part 8 即时训练
什么是过去完成进行时？DEFINITION
什么是过去完成进行时？
定义：过去完成进行时描述的是过去某件已发生的事之前重复进行或持续发生的动作。
例句
The girls had been playing in the playground before the bell rang.
过去完成进行时
一般过去时
“the bell rang”是过去发生的一件事情，”had been playing”是在“the bell rang”之前持续发生的动作。
用时间轴来解释过去完成进行时
Huanhuan had been pretending sickness before meeting the Emperor.（嬛嬛在见到皇帝前一直在装病）
had been pretending sickness
现在
过去
过去的某一时间内一直持续的动作
过去完成进行时的结构 STRUCTURE
过去完成进行时的结构
眉姐姐，过去完成进行时由“助动词had been”加现在分词(V-ing)构成。
是的！嬛儿，并且过去完成进行时并无人称和数的变化，所有主语（I/you/he/she/it/we/they）均适用于同一结构。
举例说明
1、He had still been sleeping until I came.
他一直在睡觉，直到我来。
2、I had been working for some time when he called.
他打来电话的时候，我已经工作了一会儿了。
3、She had been trying to find a job,but didn’t find any yet.
她一直努力找工作，但（当时）仍没找到。
基本形式：主语+had been doing+其他句子成分
Practice-用过去完成进行时翻译下列句子
1.到上个月为止，他们在这里工作大约有十天了。
2.她说她放学后一直在听收音机。
3.天一直在下雨，街道仍然很湿。
By the end of last month, they had been working here for about ten days.
She said that she had been listening to radio after school.
It had been raining and the street was still wet.
过去完成进行时句型分析
SENTTENCE PATTERN
主语+had not been+动词现在分词+其它.
1.She had not been reading letters all day.
2.I had not been studying for five hours before the exam.
主语+had been+动词现在分词+其它.
1.She had been reading letters all day.
2.I had been studying for five hours before the exam.
过去完成进行时的句型-肯定句/否定句
肯定句
否定句
过去完成进行时的句型-疑问句
Had+主语+been+现在分词+其它？
1.Had she been reading letters all day
2.Had you been studying before the exam
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+had+主语+been+现在分词+其它？
1.Why had she been reading letters all day
2.How long had you been studying before the exam
肯定回答：Yes，主语（代词）+had
过去完成进行时的句型-答句
回答
否定回答：Yes，主语（代词）+hadn’t
例：Had she been reading letters all day
主要针对一般疑问句的回答
Yes,I had.
No,I hadn’t.
Practice-将陈述句改为否定句和一般疑问句
陈述句
否定句
一般疑问句
He had been cooking dinner when they arrived.
He had not been cooking dinner when they arrived.
Had he been cooking dinner when they arrived
他们到达的时候，他正在做晚饭。(强调做饭动作的持续进行)
过去完成进行时的用法
USAGE
过去完成进行时的用法
1.表示过去某一时间开始一直延续到另外一个过去时间的动作；
He give up smoking last year, he had been smoking for twenty years.他去年戒了烟，他已经抽了二十年了。
2.表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。
I had been writing my paper before last week.
上个星期之前，我一直在写论文。
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
DIFFERENCE
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
过去完成时
现在完成时
到过去某个时刻为止
When I got home, I saw my wife lying on the sofa, exhausted. She had been cleaning the room.（我回家时发现妻子躺在沙发上很疲惫，她此前一直在打扫房间。）
到现在为止
He has read several English novels.（他已经读了好几本英文小说。）
Practice-选出正确答案
She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children _____ everything!
A.had been eating
B.had eaten
C.have eaten
D.have been eating
【答案】B
【解析】句意：她惊奇地发现冰箱里的东西全被孩子们吃光了。eat这个动作发生在surprise之前，通过语境和语气可知用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。正确答案为B。
过去完成时与过去完成进行时的区别
DIFFERENCE
过去完成时与过去完成进行时的区别
过去完成时
过去完成进行时
强调动作的结果
When I got home, my parents were watching TV. They had had dinner.我到家时父母在看电视，他们已经吃过晚饭了。
强调动作的持续(一直在…)
When I got home, my parents were sitting by the dinning table. They had been waiting for me.我到家时父母正坐在餐桌旁，他们一直在等我。
Practice-选出正确答案
At last they got the letter they___________.
A.have expected
B.were expecting
C.had expected
D.had been expecting
【答案】D
【解析】句意：最后他们得到了他们一直期望的信。根据句意应该是在得到信之前一直盼望的信，这里得到信是在过去，所以应是过去一直盼望的事情用过去完成进行时，过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，不强调动作的持续性，故选D。
过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时的区别
DIFFERENCE
过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时的区别
过去完成进行时
现在完成进行时
到过去某个时刻为止
When I got home, I saw my wife lying on the sofa, exhausted. She had been cleaning the room.我回家时发现妻子躺在沙发上很疲惫，她此前一直在打扫房间。
到现在为止
My wife is tired,she has been cleaning the room.我妻子累了，她一直在打扫房间。
Practice-选出正确答案
Tom _____ in the library every night over the last three months.
A.works
B.worked
C.has been working
D.had been working
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆学习。此题考查现在完成进行时的用法。过去完成进行时表示在过去某一时间还未结束，不合适。正确答案为C。
即时训练PRACTICE
Practice-单项选择
1.She said she _____ at a private high school in he US for almost two years.
A.studied
B.studies
C.has studied
D.had been studying
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态：句意：她说她在美国的一所私立中学学习了近两年。分析句子可知，主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，而在私立学校学习已经学习了接近两年。表示这学习(study)这个动作在说(said)之前已经开始，一直延续到另一个过去的动作(said)说的时刻还正在进行或已经完成，所以要用过去完成进行时，即had been studying,因此选D。
Practice-单项选择
2.She apologized to beg his forgiveness. After all, they _____ business for many years.
A.had been doing
B.have been doing
C.have done
D.did
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态：句意：她道歉乞求他的原谅。毕竟，他们彼此做生意许多年了。“道歉”这一动作发生在过去，“做生意”这一动作是从过去某一时间点开始的动作一直延续到（道歉），故要用过去完成进行时，选A。
Practice-单项选择
3.-Mr White didn’t come last night, did he
-No. We _____ for him. A whole night was wasted.
A.had waited
B.have been waiting
C.were waiting
D.had been waiting
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态：句意-怀特先生昨晚没来，是吗？-是的，他没来，我们一直在等他，一个晚上都浪费了。说明是在昨晚以前一直在等，用过去完成进行时。选D。
Practice-单项选择
4.Good Heavens! You are here, Mary! Your parents told me this morning that they _____ worried about you and they _____ you back the whole night.
A.were; were expecting
B.had been; had been expecting
C.were; had been expecting
D.had been; were expecting
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态：句意：天啊！玛丽，你在这儿！你的父母今天早晨告诉我他们很担心你，一整个晚上他们一直盼着你回去。根据句意可知，第一个空应用一般过去时，排除B、D两项；根据时间状语the whole night可知，第二个空要用进行时，表示在过去一段时间内持续的动作，又因expect这一动作发生在told之前，所以第二个空用过去完成进行时，故选C。
Practice-单项选择
5.To my great relief, my old camera _____ well before I had it repaired by an expert two years ago.
A.worked
B.was working
C.has been worked
D.had been working
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态：句意：令我欣慰的是，我的那台旧相机在两年前，给一位专家修理之前，一直用得很好。根据before引导的时间状语从句，可知主句中的谓语动词应用过去完成进行时，故选D。
Practice-单项选择
6.-I have failed in the driving test again.I _____ hard on it,but…
-Never say die.In fact,the new rules are too difficult but you are making progress.
A.work
B.worked
C.have been worked
D.had been working
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态：句意：我又没有通过驾照考试。我一直努力，但是…——永不言败。事实上，新的规则太难，但是你正在取得进步。根据题干中“have failed”,可知“考试”这个动作发生在过去，“考试失败”这个结果影响到现在，而“work”这个动作发生在考试之前，且在过去的一段时间内一直进行，故用过去完成进行时，选D。
——Thank you for listening.

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