期中冲刺讲义(知识梳理 考点突破 考点精炼 答案解析)人教版(2024)七年级英语上册

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

期中冲刺讲义(知识梳理 考点突破 考点精炼 答案解析)人教版(2024)七年级英语上册

资源简介

一、知识梳理(高频核心考点) 2
(一)重点高频词汇 2
(二)核心高频句型 6
(三)关键语法 7
二、考点突破(核心考点+解题技巧+易错点) 9
(一)听力部分 9
(二)词汇部分 10
(三)句型部分 11
(四)阅读理解 13
(五)书面表达 14
三、分层精炼 15
(一)基础题(必拿分)—— 覆盖词汇、句型基础 15
(二)提升题(提分关键)—— 侧重语法应用与情景交际 16
(三)拓展题(冲刺高分)—— 综合应用与书面表达 18
四、分层精炼参考答案及解析 20
(一)基础题参考答案及解析 20
(二)提升题参考答案及解析 21
(三)拓展题参考答案及解析 21
一、知识梳理(高频核心考点)
(一)重点高频词汇
Unit 1 You and Me(个人信息、问候与介绍)
类别 序号 词汇 汉语意思 记忆方法
个人信息 1 name 名字 句型绑定:What's your name (你叫什么名字?)
2 age 年龄 场景关联:I'm 12 years old. (我12岁。)结合自身年龄记忆
3 hobby 爱好 联想记忆:hobby → "好(hào)"事,个人喜好的事即爱好
4 introduce 介绍 拆分记忆:intro-(进入)+ duce(引导),引导他人认识即介绍
交际用语 1 nice to meet you 很高兴认识你 固定回应:Nice to meet you, too. 成对记忆
2 how about you 你呢 场景应用:回答完自身情况后用于反问,如 I like music. How about you
3 from 来自 句型搭配:be from = come from,如 I'm from Shanghai.
4 friendly 友好的 词根记忆:friend(朋友)+ ly(形容词后缀),像朋友一样的即友好的
Unit 2 We're Family!(家庭成员、职业与归属)
类别 序号 词汇 汉语意思 记忆方法
家庭成员 1 grandparent 祖父母;外祖父母 组合记忆:grand(隔代的)+ parent(父母),父母的父母即祖父母
2 cousin 堂兄(弟、姐、妹);表兄(弟、姐、妹) 场景区分:父母兄弟姐妹的孩子,可结合家庭照片记忆
3 aunt 姑母;姨母;伯母 对比记忆:与 uncle(叔叔)成对,女性长辈用 aunt
4 family tree 家谱 字面联想:tree(树)形状的家庭关系图,即家谱
职业与所有格 1 doctor 医生 场景联想:生病去医院找 doctor,搭配 see a doctor(看医生)
2 teacher 教师 词根记忆:teach(教)+ er(人),从事教学工作的人
3 father's 爸爸的 语法关联:名词所有格,单数名词后加 's 表所属
4 parents' 父母的 语法关联:复数名词以 s 结尾,所有格加 ' 即可
Unit 3 My School(校园场所、设施与活动)
类别 序号 词汇 汉语意思 记忆方法
校园场所 1 library 图书馆 拆分记忆:lib(书)+ rary(场所),存放书籍的场所
2 dining hall 餐厅 功能联想:dining(吃饭)+ hall(大厅),用于吃饭的大厅
3 gym 体育馆 发音联想:谐音“吉姆”,结合“在 gym 做运动”场景记忆
4 classroom building 教学楼 组合记忆:classroom(教室)+ building(楼),有教室的楼
校园活动与规则 1 have classes 上课 固定搭配:have + 课程相关名词,如 have English classes
2 do exercises 做运动;做练习 语境区分:在操场用“做运动”,在教室用“做练习”
3 quiet 安静的 场景要求:library 内需保持 quiet,结合标识记忆
4 on time 准时 反义词联想:late(迟到),on time 即不迟到
Unit 4 My Favourite Subject(学科、喜好与原因)
类别 序号 词汇 汉语意思 记忆方法
学科名称 1 maths 数学 缩写记忆:全称为 mathematics,日常用 maths 更简洁
2 geography 地理 联想记忆:geo(地球)+ graphy(描述),描述地球的学科
3 biology 生物 词根记忆:bio(生命)+ logy(学科),研究生命的学科
4 P.E. (Physical Education) 体育 缩写记忆:记住首字母缩写,结合“体育课做运动”场景
喜好与评价 1 favourite 最喜欢的 句型绑定:What's your favourite subject 高频问句
2 interesting 有趣的 对比记忆:与 boring(无聊的)反义,形容喜欢的学科
3 useful 有用的 词根记忆:use(使用)+ ful(形容词后缀),有使用价值的
4 because 因为 功能记忆:回答 why 引导的问句,说明喜好原因
(二)核心高频句型
Unit 1 You and Me
— What's your name (你叫什么名字?)— My name is Li Hua. / I'm Li Hua. (我叫李华。/ 我是李华。)
— Where are you from (你来自哪里?)— I'm from Beijing. (我来自北京。)
— How old are you (你多大了?)— I'm twelve years old. (我12岁了。)
— What are your hobbies (你的爱好是什么?)— I like reading and listening to music. (我喜欢读书和听音乐。)
Let me introduce myself. (让我自我介绍一下。)
Unit 2 We're Family!
— Who's that man (那个男人是谁?)— He's my father. (他是我爸爸。)
— Are these your grandparents (这些是你的祖父母吗?)— Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. (是的,他们是。/ 不,他们不是。)
This is a photo of my family. (这是我的一张全家福。)
What does your mother do (你妈妈是做什么的?)— She's a doctor. (她是一名医生。)
This is Tom and Jack's mother. (这是汤姆和杰克的妈妈。)[共有的妈妈]
Unit 3 My School
— Where is the dining hall (餐厅在哪里?)— It's next to the classroom building. (它在教学楼旁边。)
We have classes in the morning and afternoon. (我们上午和下午上课。)
There are two maps on the wall. (墙上有两张地图。)
We do exercises on the sports field every day. (我们每天在操场上做运动。)
Please be quiet in the library. (在图书馆请保持安静。)
Unit 4 My Favourite Subject
— What's your favourite subject (你最喜欢的学科是什么?)— My favourite subject is English. (我最喜欢的学科是英语。)
— Why do you like maths (你为什么喜欢数学?)— Because it's interesting and useful. (因为它既有趣又有用。)
I have P.E. on Wednesday afternoon. (我周三下午有体育课。)
Our biology teacher is very kind. (我们的生物老师非常和蔼。)
Geography is difficult but I like it. (地理很难,但我喜欢它。)
(三)关键语法
1. 人称代词与物主代词
人称 主格 (作主语) 宾格 (作宾语) 形容词性物主代词 (+名词) 名词性物主代词 (=形物代+名词)
第一人称单数 I me my mine
第二人称单/复 you you your yours
第三人称单数 he/she/it him/her/it his/her/its his/hers/its
复数(各人称) we/you/they us/you/them our/your/their ours/yours/theirs
用法示例:She is my friend. I often help her. Her bag is red, and mine is blue. (她是我的朋友。我经常帮她。她的包是红色的,我的是蓝色的。)
2. 名词所有格(Unit 2核心)
类型 构成规则 示例
's 所有格(有生命) 单数名词+ 's the boy's book(这个男孩的书)
复数名词(无s)+ 's Children's Day(儿童节)
复数名词(有s)+ ' students' desks(学生们的书桌)
of 所有格(无生命) of + 名词 a map of China(一张中国地图)
双重所有格 of + 名词所有格 a friend of my father's(我爸爸的一位朋友)
3. There be 句型(Unit 3核心)
结构:There be + 名词 + 地点状语(某地有某物)
就近原则:be动词单复数由靠近它的名词决定。
示例:There is a pen and two books on the desk. (桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。)
There are two books and a pen on the desk. (桌子上有两本书和一支钢笔。)
否定句:在be动词后加not。
示例:There isn't a computer in the classroom. (教室里没有一台电脑。)
一般疑问句:将be动词提前至句首。
示例:— Is there a library in your school (你们学校有图书馆吗?)— Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. (是的,有。/ 不,没有。)
4. 一般现在时(Unit 4核心)
用法:表示习惯性动作、客观事实或当前状态(如喜好、能力)。
动词形式:
① 主语为第一、二人称及复数时,动词用原形。
示例:I like English. They have P.E. every Friday.
② 主语为第三人称单数时,动词词尾加-s/-es(变化规则:一般加-s;以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es;以辅音+y结尾变y为i加-es)。
示例:He likes maths. She teaches English. My brother watches TV after school.
疑问句:借助助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,动词还原。
示例:— Do you like biology (你喜欢生物吗?)— Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
— Does he like geography (他喜欢地理吗?)— Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
二、考点突破(核心考点+解题技巧+易错点)
(一)听力部分
1. 听选信息/图片 ★★★(高频)
考察内容:个人信息(姓名、年龄、来自地)、家庭成员、校园场所、学科名称等核心词汇。如听到“dining hall”匹配餐厅图片,听到“maths”选择对应学科词汇。
解题技巧:① 听前速览选项,圈出差异点(如“father”vs“uncle”,“library”vs“gym”);② 听时聚焦“关键词”,忽略冗余信息,第一遍抓核心,第二遍核对;③ 注意数字信息(年龄、班级人数)的听力捕捉,如“twelve”“forty-five”。
易错点:混淆近音词(如“aunt”与“uncle”,“maths”与“music”);漏听第三人称单数动词变化导致匹配错误。
2. 听句子选答语 ★★★(高频)
考察内容:日常交际句型(问候、介绍、询问归属/位置/喜好)。如听到“Where is the gym ”选方位答语,听到“What does your father do ”选职业答语。
解题技巧:① 预判答语类型:听到“Who...”答人物,听到“Where...”答地点,听到“Why...”答原因(用because);② 注意人称一致(问句主语是“that man”,答语用“he”)。
真题示例:录音:What's your favourite subject 选项:A. It's interesting. B. English. C. Because it's useful. 【答案】B
3. 听对话选择答案/判断 ★★(中频)
考察内容:整合对话信息,判断人物关系(如“姐弟”“师生”)、物品归属、喜好原因等。如对话中“— Is this your mother — Yes, she is.”判断人物关系为母女。
解题技巧:① 听前读题明确目标(如“问职业”“问位置”);② 用符号快速记录关键信息(如“father→doctor”“library→quiet”);③ 结合对话逻辑(如“but”表转折,“because”表原因)推断答案。
(二)词汇部分
1. 英汉互译/词形转换 ★★★(高频)
考察内容:① 核心词汇及固定搭配(如“family tree”“on time”“be from”);② 词形转换重点:人称代词→物主代词(I→my/mine)、名词单数→复数(hobby→hobbies)、名词所有格(father→father's)、动词三单形式(like→likes)。
解题技巧:① 英汉互译时,固定搭配需整体记忆(如“dining hall”不可拆译为“吃饭大厅”,需译为“餐厅”);② 词形转换先判断考点类型:看到“名词前空格”优先填形容词性物主代词(如“This is ____ (she) book”填“her”);看到“第三人称单数主语”,动词用三单形式(如“He ____ (like) P.E.”填“likes”)。
易错点:混淆“名词性物主代词”与“形容词性物主代词”(如误写“This book is my”,正确为“mine”);名词所有格复数漏写s(如误写“student' desks”,正确为“students' desks”)。
2. 语境填词(首字母/选词填空) ★★(中频)
考察内容:结合个人信息、家庭、校园、学科场景,填高频词汇(如“hobby”“cousin”“library”“favourite”)。
解题技巧:① 抓“语境关键词”:如“— What's your f____ subject — English.”结合“学科喜好”,首字母“f”→“favourite”;② 填后检查“语法适配”:主语是复数时,名词用复数(如“These are my ____ (cousin)”填“cousins”)。
(三)句型部分
1. 连词成句 ★★★(高频)
考察内容:前四单元核心句型,如介绍句型(This is...)、There be句型、喜好句型(I like...because...)。
解题技巧:① 分句型定结构:疑问句先找“疑问词/助动词”(如“Where/Does/Is”),陈述句先找“主语”(如“I/This/My father”);② 按固定顺序排列:
- 疑问句:疑问词 + 主语 + 其他(如“is / your / where / father ( )”→“Where is your father ”);
- 陈述句:主语 + 动词 + 表语/宾语(如“like / I / because / maths / it's / useful (.)”→“I like maths because it's useful.”);③ 注意句首大写和标点。
真题示例:a / there / library / in / our / is / school (.) → There is a library in our school.
2. 句型转换 ★★★(高频)
考察内容:① 肯定句→否定句/一般疑问句(含be动词、助动词do/does);② 对划线部分提问(针对地点、原因、喜好对象)。
解题技巧:
按考点分类突破:
转换类型方法 示例(原句:He likes geography.)
否定句第三人称单数加“doesn't”,动词还原 He doesn't like geography.
一般疑问句加助动词“Does”,动词还原,提前至句首 Does he like geography
对划线部分提问(geography) 用“What”,加助动词“does” What does he like
特殊:There be句型转换直接变be动词(如“There is a pen.”→否定句:There isn't a pen.→疑问句:Is there a pen )。
3. 情景交际(选择/补全对话) ★★★(高频)
考察内容:前四单元场景对话,如自我介绍、介绍家人、询问校园设施位置、讨论学科喜好。
解题技巧:① 匹配“问句-答语”逻辑:听到“Where is the gym ”选含方位的答语(如“It's next to the dining hall.”);听到“Why do you like English ”选含“because”的答语;② 注意礼貌用语衔接:介绍他人后,回应“Nice to meet you!”;接受帮助后说“Thank you!”。
真题示例:情景:你想知道对方为什么喜欢生物,你会说:______ 选项:A. What's your favourite subject B. Why do you like biology C. Do you like biology 【答案】B
(四)阅读理解
1. 阅读短文判断对错 ★★★(高频)
考察内容:提取细节信息(如人物年龄、家庭成员职业、校园场所位置、学科喜好原因),与题目对比判断。
解题技巧:① 通读短文,用横线标出“关键信息”(如“age:13”“father→doctor”“library→on the second floor”);② 逐题对照原文,注意“细节差异”(如原文“on the first floor”,题目“on the second floor”,判断为错);③ 避免主观臆断,原文未提及的信息不选“对”或“错”。
易错点:混淆“his”与“her”对应的人物性别;看错“三单动词”导致理解偏差(如“she teaches”误读为“她学习”)。
2. 阅读短文选择答案 ★★★(高频)
考察内容:细节理解(如“物品位置”“职业”)、简单推理(如“从‘near home’推出‘上学方便’”)。
解题技巧:① “先题后文”:先读题目,明确“问什么”(如“问职业”“问原因”);② 带着问题找“定位句”:在短文中标记与题目相关的句子,提取答案;③ 遇到生词结合上下文猜(如“gym”后接“do sports”,可猜出是“体育馆”)。
3. 任务型阅读(回答问题/填表格) ★★(中频)
考察内容:整合信息,用简洁语言回答“个人信息、家庭情况、校园设施、学科喜好”等问题。
解题技巧:① 明确答题要求(如“用完整句子”或“仅填关键词”);② 定位原文对应句,提取核心词(如问题“Where is the library ”,原文“Our library is next to the classroom building.”,直接用原文回答);③ 注意人称转换(如原文用“we”,问题用“you”,回答用“I/our”)。
(五)书面表达 ★★★(高频)
1. 高频主题
前四单元核心场景:① 介绍自己(My Self);② 介绍家庭(My Family);③ 描述校园(My School);④ 我的 favorite 学科(My Favourite Subject)。
2. 解题技巧
① 结构清晰:采用“三段式”——开头点题(如“I want to introduce my family.”)、中间展开(分点描述,用“First/Also”连接)、结尾总结(如“I love my family very much.”);② 内容具体:加入细节(如介绍学科时,加“because it's interesting”;介绍校园时,加“Our library has many books”);③ 语法安全:优先用已学句型(This is..., I like..., There is...),避免生僻词;④ 书写规范:单词拼写正确(如“favourite”不丢“u”),句首大写、标点正确。
3. 真题示例与范文
题目:以“My Favourite Subject”为题,写一篇不少于6句话的短文,说明你最喜欢的学科及原因。
范文:
My Favourite Subject
Hello, everyone! My favourite subject at school is English. I like it very much because it's interesting and useful. I can talk with my English teacher in English. I also like reading English storybooks. We have English classes on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. My English teacher is kind to us. I want to learn English well.
点评:用“I like...because...”说明原因,加入“上课时间、与老师交流”等细节,句型简单准确,结构完整。
三、分层精炼
(一)基础题(必拿分)—— 覆盖词汇、句型基础
1. 英汉互译
(1)家谱 ________ (2)来自 ________ (3)体育馆 ________ (4)最喜欢的 ________ (5)准时 ________
(6)family tree ________ (7)be from ________ (8)dining hall ________ (9)do exercises ________ (10)Why do you like it ________
2. 词形转换
(1)This is ____ (I) cousin. ____ (he) name is Tom.
(2)There ____ (be) a library and two classrooms in our school.
(3)My mother ____ (be) a teacher. She ____ (teach) English.
(4)These are ____ (student) desks. That is ____ (Mary) book.
(5)— What ____ (be) your hobbies — I like ____ (read) and ____ (listen) to music.
3. 连词成句
(1)is / my / this / father (.) ________________________________
(2)your / where / is / schoolbag ( ) _________________________
(3)like / I / biology / it's / because / useful (.) _________________________
(4)a / in / there / our / gym / is / school (.) _________________________
(5)does / why / like / she / maths ( ) _________________________
4. 情景选择
(1)介绍自己时,你会说:______
A. This is my friend. B. Let me introduce myself. C. Nice to meet you.
(2)想知道对方的年龄,你会问:______
A. How old are you B. Where are you from C. What's your name
(3)对方问“Why do you like P.E. ”,你会回答:______
A. I like P.E. very much. B. Because it's fun. C. I have P.E. on Tuesday.
(4)想知道图书馆在哪里,你会问:______
A. What's the library B. Where is the library C. Is this the library
(5)介绍妹妹给朋友,你会说:______
A. This is my sister. B. She is my sister. C. Is this my sister
(二)提升题(提分关键)—— 侧重语法应用与情景交际
1. 句型转换
(1)He is my uncle.(改为一般疑问句)________________________________
(2)There are three books on the desk.(改为否定句)____________________
(3)I like English because it's interesting.(对划线部分提问)________________________________
(4)Her favourite subject is maths.(对划线部分提问)____________________
(5)Tom has P.E. on Friday.(改为一般疑问句)___________________________
2. 补全对话
根据对话内容,从方框中选择合适的句子补全对话。
A. What's your favourite subject
B. Where are you from
C. Nice to meet you!
D. Why do you like it
E. How old are you F. I'm from Shanghai.
Li Ming: Hello! I'm Li Ming.
Lucy: Hi, Li Ming! I'm Lucy. 1. ______
Li Ming: Nice to meet you, too! 2. ______
Lucy: I'm 13 years old. 3. ______
Li Ming: I'm from Beijing. What about you
Lucy: 4. ______
Li Ming: 5. ______
Lucy: My favourite subject is English.
Li Ming: 6. ______
Lucy: Because I can talk with foreigners.
3. 阅读短文判断对错
阅读短文,判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。
Hi, I'm Anna. I'm 12 years old. I'm from Guangzhou. This is my family. My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital. My mother is a teacher. She teaches maths in my school. I have a brother. His name is Tom. He is 8 years old. My favourite subject is biology. I like it because I love animals. Tom likes P.E. He often plays football after school. Our school has a big gym. We often do sports there.
(1)Anna is from Shanghai.( )
(2)Anna's father is a doctor.( )
(3)Anna's mother teaches English.( )
(4)Tom is Anna's brother.( )
(5)Anna's favourite subject is P.E.( )
(三)拓展题(冲刺高分)—— 综合应用与书面表达
1. 阅读理解
阅读短文,选择正确答案。
My name is David. I'm a student in Grade Seven. My school is big and nice. There are three classroom buildings, a library, a dining hall and a gym. The library is on the second floor of Building A. It's quiet. I often read books there after class. The dining hall is next to Building B. We have lunch there at 12:00. My favourite subject is geography. I have geography on Thursday morning. My geography teacher is Mr. Zhang. He is very funny. I like him very much. My hobby is drawing. I often draw maps of China in geography class.
(1)What's David's school like ______
A. Small but nice. B. Big and nice. C. Big but not nice.
(2)Where is the library ______
A. On the first floor of Building A.
B. On the second floor of Building A.
C. Next to Building B.
(3)When does David have lunch ______
A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:30.
(4)Why does David like Mr. Zhang ______
A. Because he is funny. B. Because he is kind. C. Because he is strict.
(5)What is David's hobby ______
A. Reading. B. Playing football. C. Drawing.
2. 书面表达
以“My School”为题,写一篇不少于6句话的短文,介绍你的学校(如场所、活动、你喜欢的地方等)。
四、分层精炼参考答案及解析
(一)基础题参考答案及解析
1. 英汉互译
【答案】(1)family tree (2)be from / come from (3)gym (4)favourite (5)on time (6)家谱 (7)来自 (8)餐厅 (9)做运动;做练习 (10)你为什么喜欢它?
【解析】考察前四单元核心词汇与句型,“be from”“on time”等固定搭配需重点记忆。
2. 词形转换
【答案】(1)my; His (2)is (3)is; teaches (4)students'; Mary's (5)are; reading; listening
【解析】① 形容词性物主代词(my/His)后接名词,名词所有格(students'/Mary's)表所属;② There be句型遵循就近原则(a library是单数,用is);③ 第三人称单数主语(mother),动词用三单(teaches);④ like后接动名词(reading/listening)。
3. 连词成句
【答案】(1)This is my father. (2)Where is your schoolbag (3)I like biology because it's useful. (4)There is a gym in our school. (5)Why does she like maths
【解析】疑问句需“疑问词+主语+其他”,陈述句需“主语+动词+其他”,注意句首大写和标点。
4. 情景选择
【答案】(1)B (2)A (3)B (4)B (5)A
【解析】① 自我介绍用“Let me introduce myself.”;② 询问年龄用“How old are you ”;③ 回答原因用“because”;④ 询问位置用“Where is... ”;⑤ 介绍他人用“This is... ”。
(二)提升题参考答案及解析
1. 句型转换
【答案】(1)Is he your uncle (2)There aren't three books on the desk. (3)Why do you like English (4)What's her favourite subject (5)Does Tom have P.E. on Friday
【解析】① 一般疑问句将be动词/助动词提前,第一人称“my”改为第二人称“your”;② 否定句在be动词/助动词后加“not”;③ 对原因提问用“Why”,对事物提问用“What”。
2. 补全对话
【答案】1. C 2. E 3. B 4. F 5. A 6. D
【解析】根据答语匹配问句:① 答语“Nice to meet you, too”对应“Nice to meet you”(C);② 答语“I'm 13”对应“询问年龄”(E);③ 答语“I'm from Beijing”对应“询问来自地”(B);④ 问句“What about you ”对应“回答来自地”(F);⑤ 答语“My favourite subject...”对应“询问喜好学科”(A);⑥ 答语“Because...”对应“询问原因”(D)。
3. 阅读短文判断对错
【答案】(1)F (2)T (3)F (4)T (5)F
【解析】① 原文“Anna is from Guangzhou”而非“Shanghai”;② 原文“father is a doctor”;③ 原文“mother teaches maths”而非“English”;④ 原文“I have a brother. His name is Tom”;⑤ 原文“Anna's favourite subject is biology”而非“P.E.”。
(三)拓展题参考答案及解析
1. 阅读理解
【答案】(1)B (2)B (3)B (4)A (5)C
【解析】① 原文“school is big and nice”;② 原文“library is on the second floor of Building A”;③ 原文“have lunch at 12:00”;④ 原文“Mr. Zhang is very funny”;⑤ 原文“hobby is drawing”。
2. 书面表达(范文参考)
My School
My school is called Sunshine Middle School. It's big and beautiful. There are many buildings in our school, such as a classroom building, a library and a gym. My favourite place is the library because it has lots of interesting books. I often read there after school. We have P.E. classes in the gym every Wednesday. I like my school very much because the teachers are kind and my classmates are friendly.
【解析】用“There are...”描述校园设施,用“because”说明喜欢的原因,加入“课后阅读、体育课”等细节,结构清晰,语法正确。

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览