资源简介

(共32张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Section Ⅵ　单元总结与拓展
【建词汇族谱】
人物身份 生平活动
scientist n.科学家
mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工
assistant n.助理；助手
leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能
be regarded as被认为是 furthermore adv.此外；再者　
shift n.改变；转换；轮班
serve the society服务社会
be traced back to追溯到
take part in参加 pass away去世
steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的
vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
outstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的
gifted adj.有天赋的；天资聪慧的
brilliant adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
attach great importance to对……高度重视
be born in/into...出生于……
devote all one’s life to一生致力于……
graduate from从……毕业
play a vital part in在……中起重要作用
成就评价
a wise choice 一个明智的选择
become more and more popular
变得越来越受欢迎
make outstanding contributions to
对……作出杰出贡献
an outstanding scientist and pioneer of aerospace industry in China
中国优秀的科学家和航空航天事业的先锋
【背话题词块】
1. be enthusiastic about...对……有热情
2. think highly of对……高度评价
3. have a gift/talent for对……有天赋
4. be gifted at在……方面有天赋
5. be strict with对……严格要求
6. make a difference有影响；有作用
7. serve the people heart and soul全心全意为人民服务
8. share sorrow as well as happiness with sb与某人同甘共苦
【诵话题佳句】
1. During his life， Lu Xun wrote a great number of excellent works， some of which have been included in Chinese textbooks for middle school and college students.
在他的一生中，鲁迅创作了许多优秀的作品，其中一些被列入中学和大学语文 教科书。
2. As a child， Jane Goodall had a deep love for animals and a natural curiosity about nature around her.
作为一个孩子，简·古道尔对动物有着深深的爱，对周围的大自然有着天生的好 奇心。
3. She wasn’t cleverer than anyone else， but she had a strong will and never gave up halfway.
她并不比别人聪明，但她有坚强的意志，从不半途而废。
4. Born in America in 1847， Thomas Edison was one of the greatest scientists in the history of mankind.
托马斯·爱迪生1847年出生于美国，是人类历史上最伟大的科学家之一。
5. It was his hard work and perseverance that led to his incredible achievements， which， in my opinion， we should all learn from.
正是他的努力和毅力导致他取得令人难以置信的成就，在我看来，这是我们都应该学 习的。
课时作业（六）
[单元要点回顾练]
Ⅰ.根据语境和汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. I declined because I knew they had their own （家庭） to deal with.
2. He is always devoted to his work， and that’s why he is （优秀的）.
3. The professor’s （抽象的） theory is hard for us to understand.
4. It was a difficult （概念） to grasp， but I soon understood it.
5. Seeing other kids （投掷） small stones into the stream， the little boy also tried to do the same.
6. People should （联系） theory with practice when doing work.
7. No matter what jobs you want to do， be sure to lay a （坚实的） foundation in basic knowledge and skills.
households　
outstanding　
abstract　
concept　
casting　
link　
solid　
I
II
8. It can enhance nation’s sense of pride， self-confidence and （爱国的） enthusiasm.
9. For migrant workers， lacking the knowledge of （操纵） computers has trapped them into trouble.
10. We （怀疑） that she is going to be transferred to another city.
patriotic　
handling　
suspect　
I
II
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He was disabled from birth， but he never felt （frustrate）， nor did he give in to his difficulties.
2. These events （severe） affect our environment as well as human health.
3. Forecasters say the hurricane may not be as strong as they （initial） predicted.
4. As a teaching value， caring has its own origin， thinking and （theory） framework.
5. I’ve learned a lot over the years and developed my （lead） qualities.
6. It suddenly occurred to him that they must be （blame） for the accident.
frustrated　
severely　
initially　
theoretical　
leadership　
to blame　
I
II
7. Michelangelo was a （gift） painter and sculptor， who gained his reputation during the Renaissance.
8. I’m old enough to handle my own affairs without my parents’ （intervene）.
9. One theory is that the （infect） has been present in humans for a very long time.
10. In recent years， the movie industry has undergone a substantial （transform）.
11. If I am accepted as your teaching （assist）， I will spare no effort to perform my duties.
gifted　
intervention　
infection　
transformation　
assistant　
I
II
12. A new study has found no evident （prove） that sunscreen increases the risk of skin cancer.
13. It is our inner interest and enthusiasm that allow us to make （brilliance） progress in English.
14. Much to our joy， his health is getting （steady） better with time going by.
proof　
brilliant　
steadily　
I
II
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The daughter of a romantic poet and occasional freedom fighter， Ada Lovelace had a famous but absent father. She never knew Lord Byron， as just weeks after her birth in 1815， he divorced her mother Isabella Milbanke Byron and left to fight in the Greek War of Independence. In an effort to prevent Ada from developing her father’s unpredictable temper， Isabella decided that her daughter should devote her life to study.
I
II
Ada studied hard despite the fact that society did not encourage women to pursue interest in science at the time. Her life changed when she met inventor Charles Babbage at a party. As he demonstrated a working section of his mechanical calculator， Ada was taken in by how it worked and wanted to know more. Impressed by the 17-year-old’s obvious passion， Babbage became her tutor. Ada married in 1835 and became a mother， but she continued to take an active interest in study， socialising in intellectual circles with the likes of Charles Dickens and Michael Faraday.
Ada stayed in contact with Babbage， who in 1837 had proposed a new machine， the analytical engine. In 1843， Ada was asked to translate a French text written by engineer Luigi Menabrea about Babbage’s new design. After completing the translation， Ada was encouraged by Babbage to write her own notes on his work.
I
II
After nine months of hard work， Ada presented Babbage with a detailed list of notes that was three times longer than the original article. In her calculations， Ada wrote what are considered the first-ever computer algorithms to be used in a new type of machine. She essentially provided the first ideas for computer programming in what was a groundbreaking proposal on the potential of computers.
Ada died of cancer aged only 36 and her work was largely recognised until the 1950s when her notes were republished. In 1979 the US Department of Defense named a programming language “Ada” in her honour.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了计算机先驱阿达·洛芙莱斯的个人 经历以及所取得的成就。
I
II
1. What can we learn about Ada from the first paragraph？
A. She had a devoted father.
B. Her mother raised her alone.
C. She had an uncontrollable temper.
D. Her parents divorced before her birth.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ada Lovelace had a famous but absent father”和 “as just weeks after her birth in 1815， he divorced her mother Isabella Milbanke Byron” 可知，阿达的父亲在她出生数周后就和她的母亲离婚了，阿达从未见过自己的父亲。 因此可以判断她是由母亲独自抚养长大的。故选B项。
I
II
2. Who aroused Ada’s interest in mathematics and computer engineering？
A. Charles Dickens. B. Michael Faraday.
C. Luigi Menabrea. D. Charles Babbage.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her life changed when she met inventor Charles Babbage at a party... Impressed by the 17－year-old’s obvious passion， Babbage became her tutor.”可知，查尔斯·巴贝奇演示的机械计算器工作部件吸引了阿达，激起了她 对数学和计算机工程的兴趣。故选D项。
I
II
3. Which words can best describe Ada？
A. Modest and outgoing.
B. Talented and diligent.
C. Generous and considerate.
D. Determined and independent.
答案：B
I
II
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ada studied hard despite the fact that society did not encourage women to pursue interest in science at the time.”和最后一句以及第四段中 的“In her calculations， Ada wrote what are considered the first-ever computer... what was a groundbreaking proposal on the potential of computers.”可知，阿达在学习上很刻 苦，而且一直对学习抱有浓厚的兴趣；阿达在笔记中写到的计算机算法基本上为计算 机编程提供了最初想法，这是一份关于计算机潜力的开创性提议，说明她极有天赋。 故选B项。
I
II
4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A. Ada’s notes were published only once.
B. Ada named a programming language after herself.
C. Ada earned a reputation nearly a century after her death.
D. Ada’s work was largely recognised when she was alive.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知阿达出生于1815年。根据最后一段中的“Ada died of cancer aged only 36 and her work was largely recognised until the 1950s when her notes were republished.”可知，在20世纪50年代阿达生前留下的笔记被重新出版，也 就是她去世将近一个世纪后她的贡献才广为人知。故选C项。
I
II
B
Anyone who has ever taken chemistry has studied the periodic table（元素周期表）. Most people who have memorized the elements in the periodic table have probably not given any thought to who created it. In 1869， Dmitri Mendeleev published the very first periodic table. Although there were a few people who attempted to create a periodic table， Mendeleev’s table was the most complete of all of them.
Dmitri Mendeleev was born on February 8， 1834 in Tobolsk Governorate， the Russian Empire. His father was a teacher of philosophy and fine arts. Mendeleev was the youngest of more than a dozen children. His father lost his teaching position when he became blind. His mother had to go to work to support the family by restarting the family glass factory.
I
II
That worked out until Dmitri Mendeleev was 15， when the factory burned down. As a teenager， Mendeleev was educated at Main Pedagogical Institute in Saint Petersburg， Russia. As a 21－year-old in 1855， he wrote a textbook called Organic Chemistry and won the Demidov Prize， making him a major leader in the world of Russian chemistry education. Mendeleev earned a Master’s degree in chemistry in 1856.
I
II
On April 4， 1862， right after he wrote his first book， Dmitri Mendeleev proposed （求婚） to Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva. The couple got married three weeks later at a church in Saint Petersburg. They ended their marriage nine years later after having a daughter. Nearly 20 years after he married his first wife， he got married to Anna Ivanova Popova. Mendeleev had four children from his marriage to Anna Popova Mendeleev. A couple of years before his death， Dmitri Mendeleev was awarded membership of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Despite many scientists who worked on their own periodic tables ahead of Mendeleev， he has gone down in history as the father of the periodic table.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了发明元素周期表的科学家门捷列 夫的生平。
I
II
5. What do we know about Dmitri Mendeleev’s family from the text？
A. His father was a chemistry teacher.
B. His mother became blind later.
C. Their factory burned down when Dmitri Mendeleev was 21.
D. Dmitri Mendeleev was from a big family.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Mendeleev was the youngest of more than a dozen children.”可知，门捷列夫来自一个大家庭。故选D项。
I
II
6. What made Dmitri Mendeleev a major leader in Russian chemistry education？
A. He created the periodic table.
B. His textbook won the Demidov Prize.
C. He earned a Master’s degree in chemistry.
D. His first book was published.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a 21－year-old in 1855， he wrote a textbook called Organic Chemistry and won the Demidov Prize， making him a major leader in the world of Russian chemistry education.”可知，他创作的教材获奖使他成为俄罗斯化学 教育的带头人。故选B项。
I
II
7. When did Dmitri Mendeleev become a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences？
A. Right after he wrote his first book.
B. Before he got married to Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva.
C. Nine years after his first daughter was born.
D. Several years before his death.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A couple of years before his death， Dmitri Mendeleev was awarded membership of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.”可 知，在他去世前的几年，他成为瑞典皇家科学院的一员。故选D项。
I
II
8. What is the main idea of the text？
A. The process of Dmitri Mendeleev’s creation of the periodic table.
B. The whole life of Dmitri Mendeleev.
C. Dmitri Mendeleev’s contribution to the Russian chemistry society.
D. The effect of the periodic table on chemistry.
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了“元素周期表之父”门捷列夫的生 平。故选B项。
I
II
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Become a Scientist
A. Observation skills are also necessary.
B. Be patient in climbing the career ladder.
C. Things are going to be tough for a while.
D. Then you’re probably made of the right stuff.
E. As the saying goes， “Where there is a will， there is a way.”
F. Actually what every scientist does is to seek out knowledge.
G. To make progress in human knowledge， you have to think differently.
I
II
Be curious. Scientists choose to become scientists because they are curious about the world around them and how the things in it work. This curiosity leads them to investigate the how and why behind what they see.
　1　 Becoming a scientist takes a long time. There are very few careers that take longer than this one. Even when you’re doing with your education， you still have to get research under your belt. If you’re an instant-gratification（即时满足） type of person， this may not be the right career for you.
I
II
Be diligent and persevere. It’s been said that jobs in science are the lowest paid in the US. What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success， for a while you won’t be living lavishly（奢华地）. 　2 .　
Have the need to always keep learning. 　3　 Whether it’s reading peer-reviewed journals， attending seminars， or working toward getting yourself published， you’ll always be learning.
　4　 In those years of waiting for results， you need to constantly be looking for the smallest changes in what you expect to see. Your eye needs to be focused and ready at all times.
I
II
Think differently. Think back to Newton’s apple falling on his head or Archimedes jumping into his tub and displacing water. Most people would think nothing of these events， but these men saw something else， something no one else was seeing at the time. 　5 .　
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一名科学家提供了几点建议，如要 有好奇心和耐心，要勤奋并且持之以恒等。
I
II
解析：根据空后内容“要成为科学家需要很长的时间”可知，B项“攀登事业阶梯要 有耐心”可作为本段的主旨句。故选B项。
解析：上文提到“这是因为在通往成功的漫长道路上，有一段时间，你不会过着奢华 的生活”。由此可知，C项“有一段时间情况可能很艰难”承接上文，符合语境。故 选C项。
解析：本段的主旨句是“要不断学习”。F项“实际上每个科学家所做的都是寻求知 识”与语境相符，并引出下文内容。故选F项。
答案：B
答案：C
答案：F
I
II
解析：根据下文的“在等待结果的那些年里，你需要不断地寻找你期望看到的最小变 化”可知，观察的技能是必要的，所以A项可作为本段的主旨句。故选A项。
解析：本段的主旨句是“要有不同的思维方式”。G项“要想在人类知识上取得进 步，你必须有不同的思维方式”与主旨句相呼应。故选G项。
答案：A
答案：G
I
II

展开更多......

收起↑