资源简介

(共68张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Section Ⅳ　“Learning About Language　
Using Language”课文习读与新知学习课
任务1　慧读·深理解促写作
■ task 1　细品微观
1. Why did Qian Xuesen change his major at university？
A. To find a good job.
B. To meet his interest.
C. To serve his motherland.
D. To join the army.
答案：C
2. How old was Qian Xuesen when China successfully launched its first man-made satellite？
A. 49 years old. B. 59 years old.
C. 69 years old. D. 79 years old.
答案：B
3. What can we learn from the first text？
A. China was in great need of scientists in the 1950s.
B. Qian Xuesen was not welcome in the United States.
C. Art never gave Qian Xuesen inspiration in his research.
D. Qian Xuesen had nothing to do with Shenzhou spacecrafts.
答案：A
4. How was Hawking’s own theory proved correct？
A. By a professor at Cambridge.
B. By his own abstract thought.
C. By astronomers with telescopes.
D. By demonstrating his own theory.
答案：C
5. Which of the following best describes Hawking according to the text？
A. Brave and careful.
B. Determined and brilliant.
C. Careless and disabled.
D. Learned and humorous.
答案：B
■ task 2　文章架构
What is the structure of the first text The Father of China’s Aerospace？
Part 1（Para.1） Brief introduction of 1.
　↓
Part 2（Paras.2—6） Different stories to show Qian’s outstanding 2.
　↓
Part 3（Para.7） Qian’s 3.
Qian Xuesen　
qualities　
death　
（1）However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932， Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.
■ task 3　增分靓句
1. Find out sentences showing the characters’ determination.（找出表现人物决 心的句子）
（2）After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US， Qian returned to China in 1955.
（3）When he was asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”， his reply was a determined “Why not？ We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”
2. Find out sentences showing the character’s personalities.（找出表现人物性 格的句子）

（1）Besides being brilliant， he was brave， though sometimes careless in what he said or did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say， and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore， he was quite determined.
（2）Above all， Hawking was willing to admit his faults.
任务2　整理·理清归类助记
[新学词汇·归类记清]
■ task 1　阅读词汇——我会认
1. essential proteins and vitamins必不可少的 和维生素
2. a shadow on the water水面上的一片
3. the vaccine development 研发
4. the structural framework结构
5. the plasma treatment 治疗
6. the aerospace technology 技术
7. the patriotic spirit 精神
8. the aviation industry 业
9. the jet engine 发动机
蛋白质　
影子　
疫苗　
框架　
血浆　
航空航天　
爱国　
航空　
喷气　
10. to trace back 溯
11. the concrete structure 结构
12. a missile base 基地
13. under the leadership of 在…… 下
追　
混凝土　
导弹　
领导　
■ task 2　热考词汇——我会写
1. the significant 重要发现
2. the ground 稳固的基础
3. to a 投射阴影
4. the colours 彩虹色
5. to water 倒水
6. the achievement 杰出成就
7. the thinking 抽象思维
8. the map 概念图
9. the astronomical 天文望远镜
10. work 除了工作
finding　
solid　
cast　
shadow　
rainbow　
pour　
outstanding　
abstract　
concept　
telescope　
besides　
11. to admit a 承认错误
12. the night 夜班
13. ， it’s essential. 此外，这是必要的。
fault　
shift　
Furthermore　





















[拓展构词]
1. 常见含－ant后缀的名词
①accountant 会计师 ②attendant 护理人员
③consultant 顾问 ④inhabitant 居住者
⑤contestant 比赛者
2. 常见含－ed后缀的形容词
①interested 感兴趣的 ②surprised 惊讶的
③detailed 详细的 ④crowded 拥挤的
⑤balanced 平衡的 ⑥talented 有天赋的
■ task 4 高级词块——通其用
1. 对……有影响
2. （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发
3. 主管；掌管
4. 患（病）；染上（小病）
5. 最重要的是；尤其是
6. take on the challenge
7. trace back to
8. dream about
have an impact on ...　
break out　
in charge of　
come down with　
above all　
接受挑战　
追溯到　
梦见；梦想　
[举一反三]
1. “in＋n.＋of” 常见的相关短语
①in need of 需要
②in place of 代替
③in memory of 为了纪念
④in case of 万一
⑤in view of 鉴于；考虑到
2. “动词＋out” 常见的相关短语
①carry out 实行；执行
②come out 出来
③go out 出去；熄灭
④set out 出发；开始
⑤hand out 分发
[常用句型·自主仿写]
1. 句型分式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
[原句]Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
[仿写]也许再没有哪一位作家比莫言对中国当代文学的影响更大了。
Perhaps impact on Chinese contemporary literature Mo Yan.
no other writer has had a greater　
than　
2. 句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[原句]However， what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things， such as music and drawing.
然而，他之所以成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘 画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。
[仿写]她之所以成为一名如此优秀的舞者是因为她坚持不懈的练习。
What have was her persistent practice.
made her such an excellent dancer　
任务3　重点·由精析到深化
[词汇精讲·记准用活]
1. cast vt.（cast， cast）投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷；选派角色 n. 全体演员；投；掷
cast a shadow/cloud over/on... 给……蒙上一层阴影
cast a look/glance at... 向……看一眼
cast down 使沮丧；使失望
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①When anxiety beats you， or casts a shadow your life， this is a serious problem.
②He her when she passed by.
她走过时，他向她投去赞赏的一瞥。
③Their first attempt to make popcorn broke down， .
他们第一次做爆米花的尝试失败了，但是他们并不沮丧。
over/on　
cast an admiring glance at　
but they weren’t cast down　
2. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）vi.（水）流出来；（烟）被吐出；涌现；下大雨
pour in 大量地涌入；蜂拥而至
pour... into 朝……里面倒……；大量投入（金钱）于
pour out 涌出；倒出；倾诉
pour down 流下；（雨）倾盆而下
pour cats and dogs 下瓢泼大雨/倾盆大雨
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①（全国乙卷）People have been pouring stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.
②With the class over， the thrilled students ， cheering wildly.
一下课，激动的学生疯狂地欢呼着从教室蜂拥而出。
③After a few thunders， .
几声响雷之后，大雨倾泻而下。
into　
poured out of the classroom　
the heavy rain poured down　
3. break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发
break away from 挣脱；逃离
break down （谈判）失败；出故障；（身体）垮掉；分解
break in 打断谈话；插话；闯入（行窃）（不加宾语）
break into 强行闯入
break up 打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落
in　
from　
broke into the
room　
broke down on the way　
4. defend vt.防御；保卫；保护；辩解；防守
（1）defend oneself 自卫；为……辩解
defend against 抵御
defend sb from/against 保护某人免受……
（2）defence n.防御；保卫
in defence （of） 保卫（……）
[名师点津]defend的宾语是保护的对象，而against 后接的是防御的对象。
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I’m determined to work hard and devote myself to （defend） the world peace.
②During the war， thousands upon thousands of patriots died in action in （defend） of the country.
③The Great Wall was constructed for defending invasion in the ancient times.
④We should protect the environment together.
我们应该保护环境，共同保卫我们的家园。
defending　
defence　
against　
to defend our home　
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I heard that you are looking for an （assist）.
②If it had not been for your timely （assist） in giving me first aid， I fear that the consequences might have been much serious.
③I’d like to invite you to there.
我想邀请你和我们一起帮助那里的老人。
assistant　
assistance　
join us in assisting the elderly people　
6. in charge of 主管；掌管
（1）take charge of 掌管/负责……
in the charge of 受……的管理；由……负责
free of charge＝for free 免费
（2）charge v.收费；要价；控告；充电
charge sb for sth 为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb with （doing） sth 控告某人（做）某事
[名师点津]有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃：
in control of 控制；管理
in the control of 被……控制
in possession of 占有；拥有
in the possession of 被……占有；为……所有
for　
with　
in　
be in charge of/take charge
of　
free of charge　
7. gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
（1）be gifted in （doing） sth 在（做）某事方面有天赋
（2）gift n.天赋；礼物；赠品
have a gift/talent for 有……的天赋
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Since he was a child， he has had gift for music.Now he is （gift） in writing music.
②The young girl was presented with some wonderful gifts by the audience.
观众送给那个有音乐天赋的年轻女孩儿一些精美的礼物。
a　
gifted　
who is gifted in/has a gift for music　
8. above all 最重要的是；尤其是
at all 根本；全然
after all 毕竟；终究
in all 总共；总计
all in all 总的来说；总而言之
first of all 首先；第一
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Don’t get discouraged by setbacks. We are new to the work all.
②If you know anything all， tell me all.
③The bill came to ￡25 all.
④First all， I’d like to ask you a few questions.
⑤If you want to achieve success， ， you must be strict with yourself.
如果你想取得成功，最重要的是，你必须严格要求自己。
after　
at　
in　
of　
above all　
9. fault n.弱点；过错
be one’s fault 是某人的过错
be at fault 有过错；有责任
find fault with sb挑剔某人；对某人吹毛求疵
find fault in看出……的缺点；找出……的毛病
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I think the owners are fault for not warning us.
②The minister is quite satisfied with his secretary because he can find no fault her work.
③He ， which makes me very angry.
他总是挑我的毛病，这使我很生气。
at　
with　
is always finding fault with me　
[句式突破·融通熟用]
1. 句型公式：过去分词（短语）作状语
（1）及物动词的过去分词（短语）作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。
（2）过去分词（短语）作状语时：可放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，用逗号与主 句分开。
（3）过去分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称 一致。
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/同义句转换
① （absorb） in thought， he didn’t hear the sound.
② （see） from the top of the hill， the city looks more beautiful.
③Because my teacher was satisfied with what I did， he praised me in class.
→ ， my teacher praised me in class.
Absorbed　
Seen　
Satisfied with what I did　
2. 句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
（1）否定词＋比较级＝最高级，意为“没有……更……；没有像……一样……”， 常用的否定词有：no， not， never， nothing， nobody， hardly 等。
（2）can/could＋never/not＋...＋形容词/副词＋enough＝can/could＋never/not＋...＋ too＋ 形容词/副词，意为“再怎么……也不为过”。
[慧练慧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I am greatly convinced that nobody is a （qualify） candidate than our monitor.
② ； he has a heart of gold.
没有人比他更慷慨了；他有颗金子般的心。
③As far as I am concerned， keeping physically and mentally healthy.Consequently， I the importance of keeping balance between our studies and relaxation .
在我看来，没有什么比保持身心健康更重要的了。因此，我怎么强调保持学习和放松 之间的平衡的重要性也不为过。
more qualified　
No one could be more generous　
nothing is more significant than　
can’t stress　
too much　
课时作业（四）
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The （最初的） talks were the base of the later agreement.
2. You can’t make decisions without an ethical （框架）.
3. It is believed that the （病毒） is likely to cause AIDS.
4. Gold is （固体的）. But when you heat it， it becomes liquid.
5. The government and central bank were in （理论的） harmony.
6. Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less （蛋白质）.
7. I feel that his （思维） is out of date in some ways.
8. We lose a few skin （细胞） every time we wash our hands.
9. The （调查结果） were based on correct data.
10. Seven million doses of （疫苗） are annually given to British children.
initial　
framework　
virus　
solid　
theoretical　
protein　
thinking　
cells　
findings　
vaccines　
I
II
III
IV
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. My idea is we should do it at once.
2. The second reason is people are living longer. A child born in the US today has a very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
3. One thing to remember is it’s the process not the end product that matters.
4. That’s I want to stress.
5. Not everyone acts the same in response to events， and that is what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
that　
that　
that　
what　
why　
I
II
III
IV
Ⅲ.选词填空
break out， in charge of， come down with， above all， have a great impact on， take on， make sense， be traced back to
1. A line of sweat on her forehead and she thought she might faint.
2. If you want to make progress， ， you must be strict with yourself.
3. As is known to us， the surroundings our study and lives.
4. Mr Zhang， as well as two young mechanics， was the project then.
5. London is an ancient port city with a history which can Roman times.
6. She completely lost her hearing after a fever.
7. No matter how you read it， this sentence doesn’t .
8. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake， the city a new look.
broke out　
above all　
have a great impact on　
in charge of　
be traced back to　
coming down with　
make sense　
took on　
I
II
III
IV
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. ， he just shook his head.
当他被问到是否要点别的东西时，他只是摇了摇头。（连词＋分词）
2. I always try to overcome difficulties. where others have failed.
我总是努力克服困难。那就是为什么我总是在别人失败的地方成功。（why引导的表 语从句）
3. ， John didn’t notice evening approaching.
由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。（过去分词短语作状语）
When asked if he wanted anything else　
That is why I have always succeeded　
Absorbed in painting　
I
II
III
IV
not only about equipping　
but
also guiding them　
What we could do was　
I
II
III
IV
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
Louis Pasteur was born on December 27， 1822， in Dole， France， into a poor family. The French chemist and microbiologist made remarkable scientific 　1　 regarding the principles of vaccination， microbial fermentation， and pasteurization（巴氏灭菌 法）.
The family was on a very tight 　2　. However， his parents 　3　 education and found support to send him to the best schools they could afford. Pasteur had a 　4　 for painting and drawing. When he realized that art was 　5　 to earn a living， he changed to 　6　.
I
II
He was not a（n） 　7　 student， but he worked very hard once he put his mind to it. It took him three tries to pass the exam to get into his 　8　 school. Later， he owed his success to his 　9　. He impressed senior scientists with his hard work and willpower in 　10　 some of the most difficult scientific problems.
Pasteur’s 　11　 research was completely self-funded. His wife， Marie， 　12 .　 supported his work and acted as his assistant in the lab.
As he became famous gradually， he was able to 　13　 research positions at more great institutions. Eventually， he was able to establish the Pasteur Institute to 　14　 and prevent the causes of disease， particularly rabies.
He was highly respected and won just about every award 　15　 in his field. As a consequence， Pasteur greatly advanced the science of his day.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了Louis Pasteur的生平、成就 和贡献。
I
II
1. A. predictions B. discoveries
C. methods D. performances
答案：B
解析：根据下文“regarding... pasteurization（巴氏灭菌法）”可知，这些都是科学 发现。故选B。
2. A. turn B. schedule C. relationship D. budget
答案：D
解析：根据上文“into a poor family”和空后的“However， his parents... afford.”可 推断，Pasteur家的经济条件并不好，也就是说预算很紧张。故选D。
I
II
3. A. valued B. overestimated
C. sharpened D. assigned
答案：A
解析：根据空后的“found support to send him to the best schools they could afford”可 推断，他的父母很重视教育，所以送他去他们能负担起的最好的学校。故选A。
4. A. demand B. temptation
C. passion D. inspiration
答案：C
解析：根据下文“When he... changed to”可知，Pasteur对艺术有热情。故选C。
I
II
5. A. unavoidable B. unlikely
C. unexpected D. uneventful
答案：B
解析：根据上文可知，他家经济条件并不好，此处指他意识到艺术并不太可能谋生。 unavoidable“无法避免的”；unlikely“不太可能的”；unexpected“意外的”； uneventful“太平无事的”。故选B。
6. A. geography B. arithmetic
C. politics D. chemistry
答案：D
解析：根据上文“The French... pasteurization（巴氏灭菌法）.”可知，他后来成为 一个化学家，所以此时他是从艺术转向化学。故选D。
I
II
7. A. considerate B. intelligent
C. lifelong D. intimate
答案：B
解析：根据下文“but he worked... it”以及“It took him three... school.”可知，他 并不是一个很聪明的学生。considerate“体贴的”；intelligent“聪明的”； lifelong“终身的”；intimate“亲密的”。故选B。
8. A. desired B. approved C. engaged D. varied
答案：A
解析：根据上文“It took him three tries to pass the exam”以及常识可知，他最终进入 了自己想要进入的学校。故选A。
I
II
9. A. fame B. routine C. perseverance D. blessing
答案：C
解析：根据上文“It took him three... school.”以及下文“He impressed... willpower”可推测，他认为自己的成功源自自己的毅力。fame“名声；名望”； routine“例行公事”；perseverance“毅力”；blessing“祝福”。故选C。
10. A. fundraising B. tackling
C. motivating D. occupying
答案：B
解析：根据空后的“some of the most difficult scientific problems”可推测，空处指的 是“解决；处理”。fundraise“筹款”；tackle“处理”；motivate“激励”； occupy“占据”。故选B。
I
II
11. A. overnight B. joint C. monthly D. early
答案：D
解析：根据下文的“His wife， Marie， ... lab.”以及“Eventually， ... rabies.”可 知，这两段内容描述了Pasteur的研究进展，所以，空处指的是最初的情况。故选D。
12. A. actively B. objectively
C. humbly D. nobly
答案：A
解析：根据下文“acted as his assistant in the lab”可推测，他的妻子积极支持其工 作。actively“积极地”；objectively“客观地”；humbly“谦卑地”；nobly“崇高 地”。故选A。
I
II
13. A. turn down B. cope with
C. work out D. take up
答案：D
解析：根据空前的“As he became famous gradually”以及空后的“research positions at more great institutions”可推测，随着他越来越出名，他可以在大 机构担任研究职位。turn down“拒绝”；cope with“处理”；work out“解 决”；take up“从事”。故选D。
14. A. dedicate B. treat C. find D. commit
答案：C
解析：根据空后的“prevent the causes of disease，particularly rabies”可推测，空处指 的是“找到”疾病的起因。故选C。
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15. A. available B. memorable
C. favorable D. knowledgeable
答案：A
解析：根据上文的“He was highly... award”可推测，他是赢得了所在领域能有的所 有奖项。available“可得到的；可使用的”；memorable“难忘的”；favorable“有利 的”；knowledgeable“博学的”。故选A。
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Ⅱ.语法填空
In the office of remote sensing scientist Liu Shaochuang， there is 1. 　　 huge photograph of a camel he took a decade ago in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Wearing camouflage（迷彩服）， he lay for hours by a pool of water in the Gobi Desert 2. 　　（obtain） the image. Living in the harsh deserts in northwestern China and southwestern Mongolia， the even-toed camel 3. 　　（list） as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Experts evaluate that the population of this species is currently less than 1，000， around 650 of 4. 　　 are in China.
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Since 2012， Liu 5. 　　（lead） a team in tracking and studying wild camels 6. （use） satellite remote sensing technology. Unlike zoologists who focus 7. 　species， Liu has instead studied the interrelationship between endangered animals and their environment， which he believes will help develop a few better protection 8. （strategy） in the face of climate change. In the run-up to World Wildlife Day on March 3， Liu’s research was held up as a successful example of how advanced space technology can benefit animal 9. 　　（protect） on Earth.
Liu works at the Aerospace Information Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. His studies cover many fields， including polar region 10. 　　（science） expeditions and mapping the headwaters of great rivers across the globe.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了遥感科学家刘少创利用卫星遥感技术追 踪和研究野骆驼的经历，以及他的研究领域和取得的成就。
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解析：句意：在遥感科学家刘少创的办公室里，有一张他十年前在新疆维吾尔自治区 拍摄的巨幅骆驼照片。photograph在文中首次出现，为泛指，表示“一张照片”，应 用不定冠词，且huge的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
解析：句意：为了拍这张照片，他穿着迷彩服，在戈壁沙漠的一个水池旁躺了数小 时。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处表示“为了”，表目的，应用不定式作目的 状语。故填to obtain。
答案：a
答案：to obtain
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解析：句意：这种偶蹄目骆驼生活在中国西北部和蒙古西南部条件恶劣的沙漠中，被 世界自然保护联盟列为极度濒危物种。此处为句子谓语，list作动词，表示“把…… 列入一览表”，为及物动词；结合语境可知，此处陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语 the even-toed camel与list之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单 数，谓语应用单数形式。be listed as... 为固定搭配，意为“列入……名单”。故填is listed。
解析：句意：专家估计，目前该物种的数量不到1 000峰，其中约650峰在中国。此处 为“数词＋of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，表示整体中的部分概念，对先 行词1，000作补充说明，先行词指物，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
答案：is listed
答案：which
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解析：句意：自2012年以来，刘少创带领团队利用卫星遥感技术追踪和研究野骆驼。 设空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为Since 2012，动作从过去开始，可以用现在完成时 强调动作对现在的影响，也可以用现在完成进行时表示动作会继续进行下去；主语 Liu为第三人称单数，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has led/has been leading。
解析：句意同上题。分析句子结构可知，设空处作方式状语，表示追踪和研究野骆驼 的方式，应用非谓语动词形式，Liu和use之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。 故填using。
答案：has led/has been leading
答案：using
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解析：句意：与关注物种的动物学家不同，刘少创研究的是濒危动物与其所处环境之 间的相互影响，他认为这将有助于针对气候变化制订一些更好的保护策略。focus on/upon为固定搭配，意为“关注；专注于”。故填on/upon。
解析：句意同上题。根据a few可知，此处指“一些更好的保护策略”，应用strategy 的复数形式。故填strategies。
答案：on/upon
答案：strategies
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解析：句意：在3月3日世界野生动植物日即将到来之际，刘少创的研究被视为先进空 间技术如何有益于地球上动物保护工作的成功范例。“animal 9. 　　”是动词benefit 的宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“动物保护”，应用名词protection， animal在此处 为名词作定语。故填protection。
解析：句意：他的研究涵盖许多领域，包括极地科学考察和绘制全球大河源头图。设 空处修饰名词expeditions，作定语，应用形容词。故填scientific。
答案：protection
答案：scientific
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