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(共33张PPT)
UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES
Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language
任务1　讲细·语法知识点
语法项目——复习名词性从句
[初识语法·整体感悟]
一、从宏观建立思维导图
二、在课文句子中体悟
观察下面的句子，并感知名词性从句的用法。
1. The first time that she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas， but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！
2. At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say， but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
3. What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.
[慧学语法·演绎融通]
一、主语从句
1. 概念
在复合句中充当主语的从句称为主语从句。主语从句一般置于句首。
2. 连接词的用法
（1）连词that和whether在主语从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。
①That the messenger was occupied with his work all day long made his wife annoyed.
这个信使每日忙于工作，这使他的妻子很恼火。
②Whether she will come to the party makes no difference.
她来不来参加聚会都没有关系。
（2）连接代词who， whoever， whom， whose， what， whatever， which， whichever等在主语从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。
①Whoever breaks the law must be punished.
任何人违法一定会受到惩罚。
②What we should do next remains unknown.
我们下一步该做什么还不知道。
（3）连接副词when， where， how， why等在主语从句中作状语。
①When they will come hasn’t been made public.
他们什么时候来还没有公布。
②How he finished it in such a short time was a mystery.
他是怎么在这么短的时间内完成的这件事是一个谜。
3. 为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首位置，而将真正的主语置于句 末。it作形式主语的常见句型有：
It is a fact/pity/question/wonder/good thing/surprise/... that...
It is necessary/important/strange/natural/... that sb should do sth.
It is said/expected/believed/thought/hoped/known/reported/estimated/required/... that...
It seems/happens/appears/makes no difference/occurs/... that...
①It is well known to all of us that fish can’t live without water.
众所周知，鱼离不开水。
②It has been proved that pride goes before a fall.
事实证明，骄兵必败。
名师点津
that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that 不能省略；it作形式主语的句子，that一般 不省略。
二、表语从句
1. 概念
在复合句中充当表语的从句称为表语从句。表语从句放在系动词之后。
2. 连接词的用法
（1）连词that， whether以及 as though， as if， why， because 等从属连词不充当任何 成分，只起连接作用。
My advice is that you should go to apologize to him.
我的建议是你应该去向他道歉。
（2）连接代词who， what， which， whom， whose， whatever， whoever， whichever等在表语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
These books are not what I need.
这些书不是我需要的。
（3）连接副词when， where， why， how， however， whenever， wherever等在表语 从句中充当状语。
①That’s why he was late for school.
那就是他上学迟到的原因。
②The problem is where we can find this map.
问题是我们在哪里能找到这张地图。
任务2　慧练·在实践中活用语法
Ⅰ.填入适当的连接词
1. was alarming was that he fell down.
2. I would appreciate it you could accept my invitation.
3. We have to consider the question of we can live.
4. Lisa came to her and asked she was wearing a long face that day.
5. It is my firm belief only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.
6. After repeating he had said before，he continued with a firm look in his eyes.
7. I wondered the hummingbird was still thriving， and whether it still remembered me.
8. When asked about I felt，I really had a wonderful sense of fulfillment and got a taste for writing.
What　
if　
where　
why　
that　
what　
whether　
how　
that an oral
English class will be arranged for us　
It was announced that　
how it was
getting on　
He said he could sense　
that I had the
potential in writing　
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示用名词性从句完成短文
Good morning！ I am glad to express my opinion on our monitor’s suggestion 1. （我们应该 每天抽出15分钟的时间看报纸）.
that we （should） set aside 15 minutes every day to read newspapers　
what is
happening both at home and abroad　
that it can enrich our school life and improve the efficiency of our study　
what
I want to stress is that it will help us improve our reading skills　
5. （每个人都将从这个活动中受益 很多）.
That’s all. Thank you for your listening.
that everyone will benefit a lot from this activity　
课时作业（三）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When it comes to Chinese students considering studying in foreign countries， many of them usually believe that life will be easy and enjoyable. Unfortunately， it’s likely that students with those beliefs will be disappointed very soon after landing at the airport. So， what are the problems you may have， and how can you deal with them？
Teaching and learning styles in America are very different from those in China， requiring more critical（批判的） thinking and cooperation. In a normal American classroom， one project might be done by a study group in which every person has their own responsibility.
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Besides coursework， another important problem faced by overseas students is homesickness or loneliness. You may miss your parents’ cooking， your pets， or even your old bed. Being away from home can create bitter feelings， especially when you are faced with the challenges of getting used to an unfamiliar environment.
What I strongly recommend is to try hard to deal with these feelings. Be open to new friendships， although they can’t replace the family and friends you miss from home. Sign up for campus societies， and try to enjoy life on campus， even if you miss home a lot. Be organized and keep a diary to check your progress. Write down three new things that you’re grateful for every evening， as well as three things you’re looking forward to every morning.
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Studying abroad is never simple. In fact， there will be many daily. But hopefully， students who are studying abroad， or who are planning to， will overcome their difficulties and make their time overseas a success.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章分析了中国学生在外国留学时可能遇到的问题 并就如何处理这些问题提出了解决办法。
obstacles　
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1. When you study abroad， you will 　　.
A. get used to learning easily
B. miss your family or feel lonely
C. have nothing to do but study
D. deal with learning projects by yourself
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，除了功课外，另一个严重的问题就是会 想念家人或感到孤单。故选B。
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2. You should make new friends and sign up for campus societies when you 　　.
A. feel homesick and lonely
B. meet with challenges of learning
C. enjoy life on campus
D. have much free time
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，作者强烈建议学生接受新的友谊和参加校园活 动来克服想家的感情，所以应该是在想家和孤独的时候。故选A。
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3. Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined word in the last paragraph？
A. Advantages. B. Stories.
C. Difficulties. D. Tasks.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段“In fact... overseas a success.”可知，obstacles与 difficulties意思相近。故选C。
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4. What is the text mainly about？
A. Chinese students’ bitter life in foreign countries.
B. The disadvantages of studying in foreign countries.
C. The ways to get used to new environment.
D. Overseas students’ challenges and the ways to overcome them.
答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，文章既谈到了留学生可能面临的问题，也提供了 一些解决问题的方法。故选D。
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Ⅱ.用恰当的连接词填空
It was reported 1. there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning. No one saw 2. on earth happened then. A car ran into a truck， but fortunately， nobody got injured. 3. will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation. The police were uncertain about 4. the driver was guilty. 5. the police should do now is 6. they must find out what led to the accident. They said it was difficult for them to judge because 7. the accident happened was not clear. Perhaps the reason was 8. the driver was too tired to stop the car in time. The driver didn’t admit the fact 9. he was driving too fast at the turning. The police doubted 10. what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
that　
what　
Who　
whether　
What　
that　
how　
that　
that　
whether/if　
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Ⅲ.语法填空
China’s railway 1. 　　（expand） has marked a new milestone with the official opening of a new track that pushes beyond its own frontier into its southern neighbor， Laos.
The track is 2. 　　 latest project under the wide-ranging Belt and Road Initiative. Previously called “One Belt， One Road”， the 3. 　　（ambition） strategy attempts to connect a number of countries through China’s economic might.
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4. 　　（link） Vientiane， capital of Laos， with Kunming， capital of China’s Yunnan Province， the network will eventually connect 45 stations between both countries， of 5. 　　 some will provide passenger services.
Currently， the railway has a total length 6. 　　 more than 1，000 kilometers. It takes about three hours 7. 　　（travel） from Kunming to the Chinese border city of Jinghong.
China 8. 　　（invest） heavily in building railways in the past decade， adding thousands of kilometers of high-speed 9. 　　（line）. It has also sponsored railway projects in other countries， such as Kenya. The China-Laos Railway is expected to “10. 　　（full） operate” in December， according to state media.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。随着中（国）（老）挝铁路的正式开通，标志着中 国高速铁路发展的新的里程碑。中挝铁路是我国“一带一路”倡议的重要项目。
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解析：考查名词。结合语境并分析句子结构可知，应用名词作主语，故填expansion。
解析：考查冠词。空后的名词project前有latest修饰，故此处应用定冠词，故填the。
解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词strategy，故填ambitious。
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，link和the network之间为逻辑上的主谓 关系，应用现在分词形式，故填Linking。
答案：expansion
答案：the
答案：ambitious
答案：Linking
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解析：考查定语从句。此处“of 5. 　　”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为45 stations，关系词在句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。
解析：考查介词。此处为固定短语a length of，表示“……长”，故填of。
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为固定句式“It takes （＋sb）＋时间段＋to do sth”， 表示“做某事要花费（某人）多长时间”，其中It是形式主语，此处动词不定式短语 是真正的主语，故填to travel。
答案：which
答案：of
答案：to travel
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解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由后面的时间状语in the past decade可知，此处应 用现在完成时，且主语China为单数，故填has invested。
解析：考查名词的数。此处表示增加了数千千米长的高速线路。line表示“轨道，线 路”时为可数名词，应用复数形式，故填lines。
解析：考查副词。此处表示“全部运行”，空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填 fully。
答案：has invested
答案：lines
答案：fully
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to share my opinion on whether you should go to study
abroad　
I hold the view
that　
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All things considered， I hope you can choose to study abroad and start a new life.
Yours，
Li Hua
being exposed to a foreign
language setting　
bathed in a different culture of a foreign country　
which is the most important from my
perspective　
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