资源简介

(共35张PPT)
UNIT 4　JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language
任务1　讲细·语法知识点
语法项目——过去分词和动词－ing形式作表语和状语的区别
[初识语法·整体感悟]
一、从宏观建立思维导图
二、在课文句子中体悟
观察下面的句子，并感知过去分词与现在分词作表语和状语的用法。
1. For both of them， the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting.
2. Before starting out， they spent a couple of days in Vancouver， seeing the sights.
3. The next day was clear and mild， and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.
4. The next morning， the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise， passing through the Canadian Rockies.
5. Seen from the train window， the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
[慧学语法·演绎融通]
一、过去分词（短语）作表语
过去分词（短语）可放在系动词be， get， feel， remain， seem， look， become等之 后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。
①When we heard of it， we were deeply moved.
当我们听说这件事时，我们深受感动。
②He looked worried after reading the letter.
读完信后，他看起来很忧虑。
名师点津
（1）过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受 者，强调动作。
The cup is broken.
杯子碎了。（过去分词作表语）
The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是汤姆打碎的。（被动语态）
（2）感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感 觉的”；其过去分词表示被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来修饰人、人 的声音、笑容或表情等，表示心理活动。常用的这类词有：
surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 感到吃惊的
frightening 令人害怕的 frightened 感到害怕的
discouraging令人泄气的 discouraged感到泄气的二、过去分词（短语）作状语
1. 过去分词（短语）作状语的用法
过去分词（短语）作状语，表示被动的或完成的动作，这时句子的主语和过去分词 （短语）之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。过去分词（短语）通常在句中作时间状语、原 因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语和伴随状语等。
（1）时间状语
过去分词（短语）作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，可以在其前面加上 when， while， until等，使其时间意义更明确；该状语可置于句首、句尾或主 语与谓语之间。从时间意义上看，该动作常表示先于谓语动作发生，也可与谓 语动作同时发生。
Asked about his address（When he was asked about his address）， the boy didn’t respond.
问及他的地址时，这个男孩没有作答。
（2）原因状语
过去分词（短语）作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，多位于句首，偶尔也出现 在句尾或句中。
Annoyed at the decision（As he was annoyed at the decision）， he refused to attend the meeting.
由于对这个决定很生气，他拒绝参加会议。
（3）条件状语
过去分词（短语）作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句，可以在其前加上if， unless， once等，多位于句首，该状语可能是对过去被动动作的假设，也可能没有具 体的时间性，表示一种客观情况。
Given another chance （If I am given another chance）， I will do it much better.
如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。
（4）让步状语
过去分词（短语）作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时可用在although， though， even if， even though， whether... or...等连词（短语）后。多位于句首， 偶尔也出现在句尾。
Visited many times （Though it was visited many times）， the place is still worth visiting again.
虽然已参观了很多次，但这个地方仍值得再来。
（5）方式或伴随状语
过去分词（短语）作方式或伴随状语，相当于由and引导的并列结构。该状语可置于 句首、句尾或句中。
Followed by a group of students， the teacher entered the classroom.＝The teacher entered the classroom and he/she was followed by a group of students.
老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。
名师点津
过去分词（短语）作状语时，前面有时可以加上when， if， while， though， even if， until， unless等连词，这种结构可以看作一种省略的状语从句（省略部分多为 “主语＋be的多种形式”）。需要注意的是，省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或为 it。
Even if invited （Even if I am invited）， I won’t take part in the party.
即使受到邀请，我也不会参加这个聚会。
2. 过去分词（短语）与现在分词（短语）作状语的区别
过去分词（短语）与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词 （短语）与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
①Used for a long time， the book looks old.
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很陈旧。（动宾关系）
②Using the book， I find it very useful.
在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。（主谓关系）
任务2　慧练·在实践中活用语法
Ⅰ.句型转换（改为分词作状语）
1. Because she was inspired by the hero’s deeds， she decided to join the volunteer team.
→ ， she decided to join the volunteer team.
2. Although/Though/While he was turned down many times， the man didn’t lose heart.
→ ， the man didn’t lose heart.
3. When she heard the good news， she jumped with joy.
→ ， she jumped with joy.
4. If I make more efforts， I will make much more progress in English.
→ ， I will make much more progress in English.
Inspired by the hero’s deeds　
Turned down many times　
Hearing the good news　
Making more efforts　
Representing our school　
aiming at
promoting the Chinese culture　
hoping I
can contribute to protecting the environment　
Quite interested in　
5. you will fall in love with paper-cutting， one of Chinese traditional art forms， I strongly recommend it to you.
我深信你会爱上剪纸，中国的传统艺术形式之一，我强烈地向你推荐它。
6. 面对诸多挑战，我决心通过巨大努力去克服它们。
① ， I am determined to overcome them with tremendous efforts.（be faced with）
② ， I am determined to overcome them with tremendous efforts.（face）
Greatly convinced that　
Faced with so many challenges　
Facing so many challenges　
Ⅲ.用括号内单词的正确形式完成下面短文
　　Last autumn， I participated in a mountain-climbing activity. 1. （set） off before dawn， we carried flashlights to light the way. 2. （breathe） in the fresh mountain air， I felt full of energy. As we climbed higher， the temperature dropped. 3. （shock） by the magnificent view of the rising sun， we couldn’t help but stop. Clouds were floating around us， 4. （create） a dreamlike atmosphere. Some of the team members， tired from the steep ascent， took a short break. 5. （reach） the summit， we were greeted by a sea of golden- colored trees. The sight was so breathtaking that it made the tough journey all worth it.
Setting　
Breathing　
Shocked　
creating　
Reaching　
课时作业（三）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In a recent e-mail to an old friend， I mentioned that our family planned on taking our four-week road trip in our motor home. My friend e-mailed back and said he thought I was very “brave” to set out on such an adventure with two young children （aged two and five）. I laughed when I read his e-mail and wondered if he knew how much he was missing out on by giving up the idea of such a fun RV trip（房车旅行） with one’s family.
My husband and I have been “RVing” for over ten years. When we first started travelling， we certainly had some troubles that were not so funny at the time but seem to be funny now. We forgot our pillows and failed to cook dinner on an outdoor grill（烤架） for lack of a flashlight. Then we decided to make our dinner in the motor home but could not get the oven lit！ So we went to bed a little hungrier than we had planned！
I
II
III
IV
However， that’s nothing compared with the amazing geological and natural wonders we experienced during our RV trips. In addition， we have discovered a new world of family fun and family bonding. We saw the Grand Canyon when our son was only six months old. We play games inside and out， walk together， talk together， read， solve puzzles， and enjoy music and movies. We have got used to doing things with one another. Our kids love to pick out good， old-fashioned postcards to send off via “snail mail” to different family members on every trip.
I
II
III
IV
As our world gets more and more overloaded with cellphones， text messages， e- mails and video games， our family sticks more and more tightly to the wonderfully simple idea of unplugging（暂不使用电子设备） for a while and jumping into the seat to take a trip in our motor home. Then we come home with fun pictures of our wanderings， and we’re able to build special memories for our kids. Now we want to spread the word and tell families of all kinds what enjoyment can be had from packing up for a family trip in the RV.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人房车旅行的故事，作者 想告诉所有家庭房车旅行的乐趣。
I
II
III
IV
1. What did the author’s friend think of her travel plan？
A. It should not last four weeks.
B. It was a wise choice for her.
C. It might bring unexpected troubles.
D. It was an opportunity to teach children.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My friend e-mailed back and said he thought I was very ‘brave’ to set out on such an adventure with two young children （aged two and five）.”以及第二段中的“When we first started travelling， we certainly had some troubles”可知，作者的朋友认为家庭房车旅 行可能会带来意想不到的麻烦。故选C项。
I
II
III
IV
2. What can we learn about the first RV trip of the author’s family？
A. They found many things lost.
B. It was ruined by bad weather.
C. They didn’t prepare well for it.
D. It was quite a scary experience.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When we first started travelling， we certainly had some troubles that were not so funny at the time but seem to be funny now. We forgot our pillows and failed to cook dinner on an outdoor grill for lack of a flashlight.”可知，作 者一家第一次家庭房车旅行时，没有准备好，遇到了一些麻烦。故选C项。
I
II
III
IV
3. What did the author’s family benefit from RV trips？
A. They learnt how to solve problems.
B. They fell in love with adventure travels.
C. They began to have affection for nature.
D. They developed a closer family relationship.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In addition， we have discovered a new world of family fun and family bonding.”可知，通过房车旅行，作者一家建立了更密切的家庭 关系。故选D项。
I
II
III
IV
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？
A. To urge families to take RV trips together.
B. To show how to make RV trips interesting.
C. To encourage kids to take part in RV trips.
D. To share an unforgettable travel experience.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Now we want to spread the word and tell families of all kinds what enjoyment can be had from packing up for a family trip in the RV. ”可 知，作者想要呼吁其他家庭一起进行房车旅行。故选A项。
I
II
III
IV
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式完成短文
（一）
I am 1. （interest） in traveling， which makes me feel 2. （excite）. During the journey， I saw many beautiful sceneries， 3. （make） me extremely happy. The places I visited were all very attractive. I enjoyed myself very much and felt relaxed.
interested　
excited　
making　
I
II
III
IV
（二）
I had a wonderful trip to Beijing last week. The city was really 4. （fascinate）， 5. （leave） a deep impression on me. While 6. （walk） on the Great Wall， I felt extremely 7. （move）. 8. （see） so many beautiful sceneries， I couldn’t help taking pictures.
fascinating　
leaving　
walking　
moved　
Seeing　
I
II
III
IV
Ⅲ.语法填空
After three days in Hangzhou，we 1. 　　（wind） our way up a road that looked like a black snake along the tight curves around Mo Gan Mountain. The trees and bushes waved in the mild breezes， 2. 　　 before the founding of the People’s Republic of China， made Mo Gan Mountain a favorite place often 3. 　　（visit） by wealthy foreign colonialists 4. 　　（seek） a short escape from the heated plains below.
Giant bamboo blanketed the mountains so 5. 　　（thick） that they resembled （像） green feathers， waving in the wind. 6. 　　 when the road led us beneath the 7. 　　（tower） bamboo they became an endless living tunnel opening into an almost unusual light.
I
II
III
IV
As we inched around curves， the bamboo cover sometimes gave way 8. 　　 a magnificent view of Swiss-looking villages， their wooden shingled（盖木瓦的） homes with carved wooden balconies nested in alpine valleys far below. I could 9. 　　（spend） a summer on Mo Gan Fountain happily but we were already behind schedule， and after too brief 10. 　　 stay we pushed on to the Great Ditch.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的莫干山之旅。
I
II
III
IV
解析：考查动词的时态。通读全文可知，这是发生在过去的一次旅行，应用一般过去 时。故填wound。
解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词breezes，关系词在从 句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
解析：考查非谓语动词。结合句意及空后的“by wealthy foreign colonialists”可知， 动词visit和place之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故填 visited。
答案：wound
答案：which
答案：visited
I
II
III
IV
解析：考查非谓语动词。动词seek和colonialists之间是主谓关系，应用不定式表目 的。故填to seek。
解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰动词blanketed，应用副词作状语，so＋adv.＋that... 意为“如此……以至于……”。故填thickly。
解析：考查连词。句意：但是当我们沿着这条路走进高耸的竹林间时，它们就变成了 一条没有尽头充满活力的通道，它的出口通向一道非同寻常的光。结合上下文句意可 知，此处表示转折，应用连词but，句首单词首字母应大写。故填But。
答案：to seek
答案：thickly
答案：But
I
II
III
IV
解析：考查词性转换。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词bamboo， towering为形容 词，意为“高耸的”。故填towering。
解析：考查介词。give way to“让步给……，被……取代”，是固定短语。故填to。
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我本可以在莫干喷泉愉快地度过一个夏天，但我们已经 落后于计划，在短暂的停留之后，我们继续前往大峡谷。结合句意可知，此处表示对 过去情况的虚拟。故填have spent。
答案：towering
答案：to
答案：have spent
I
II
III
IV
解析：考查冠词。此处表示“在短暂的停留之后”，stay作此意解时常用作可数名 词，此处表示泛指，其前用不定冠词，stay的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
答案：a
I
II
III
IV
Ⅳ.根据要求完成下面的习作（根据汉语提示填空）
假定你是李华，你的南非朋友Stephan今年暑假来中国旅游。中国已开通了一条 从上海到新疆的高铁专线，你向他推荐这趟专列。内容如下：
1. 选择高铁的优势；
2. 沿途的经历（领略自然风光等）；
3. 你的祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
I
II
III
IV
I am more than excited to hear that you will visit China this summer vacation　
I recommend you to take the high-speed rail line directly to travel　
There are many great
things along the way to feast your eyes on　
see many ancient buildings full of historical
atmosphere　
Yours，
Li Hua
I
II
III
IV

展开更多......

收起↑