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(共45张PPT)
UNIT 5　FIRST AID
Section Ⅰ　“Reading and Thinking”的课文习读课
靓丽语句
1. It’s a great honour to save a life. —Leigh Bardugo
救人一命，善莫大焉。 ——李·巴杜格
2. Human’s life， and cannot be measured in length， in the heart full of love， the moment is eternal. —Nietzsche
人类的生命，并不能以时间长短来衡量，心中充满爱时，刹那即永恒。 ——尼采
3. You have a chance to save lives！ If you don’t take it， you may regret it！ —Widad Akrawi
你有机会拯救生命！如果你不抓住这一机会，你会后悔的！ ——威丹得·卡拉维
4. Saving someone’s life is a wonderful feeling. Try it. You feel like you are a super hero.
—Steven Brust
拯救别人的生命是一种美妙的感觉。试一试，你会感觉自己是一位超级英雄。
——史蒂文·布鲁斯特
任务1　慧读·读课文促阅读
■ task 1 把握整体
Para. 1 A. Three types of burns.
Para. 2 B. First-aid treatment.
Para. 3 C. Functions of the skin.
Para. 4 D. Characteristics of burns.
Para. 5 E. Causes of burns.
答案：Para. 1—C　Para. 2—E　Para. 3—A
Para. 4—D
Para. 5—B
■ task 2 领悟主旨
What’s the main idea of the text？
A. Causes of burns.
B. First aid treatment.
C. Characteristics of burns.
D. Burns and first aid treatment.
答案：D
■ task 3　细品微观
1. What is the largest organ of your body？
A. Brain. B. Mouth.
C. Stomach. D. Skin.
答案：D
2. How many types of burns are mentioned in the text？
A. Two. B. Three.
C. Four. D. Five.
答案：B
3. If someone gets burnt and the tissue underneath the skin can be seen， it belongs to 　　.
A. the first-degree
B. the second-degree
C. the third-degree
D. none of the above
答案：C
4. Which of the following first aid treatments is RIGHT according to the text？
A. Take clothing off the burnt area even though it is stuck to the burnt skin.
B. Do not put cool water on second-degree burns.
C. If burns are on the face， make sure the victim can still breathe.
D. If the injuries are second-degree burns， it is unnecessary to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
答案：C
5. Where is the text possibly taken from？
A. An advertisement.
B. An experiment report.
C. A short story.
D. A hospital leaflet.
答案：D
[阅读技法]
理解文本类型
不同种类的文本可以通过其写作风格和语言特征来识别。通过弄清一篇文章 的文本类型，读者可以更好地理解作者的写作目的，从而更好地理解文本中的 信息。第5题就是判断文章类型题。根据文章结构和写作特征来看，本文向人们 宣传了烧/烫/灼伤的成因、种类、特征以及急救方法，因此可以推断，本文是医 院宣传单上的一篇文章。
■ task 4　课文语法填空
　　The skin is 1. essential part of your body which acts 2. a barrier against disease， toxins and the sun’s rays. It also helps control your body temperature， prevents your body 3. losing too much water， 4. （warn） you when things are too hot or cold， and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine， getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the 5. （treat） of burns is giving first aid.
an　
as　
from　
warns　
treatment　
　　You can get 6. （burn） by a variety of things： hot liquids， steam， fire， radiation， the sun， electricity， acids， or other chemicals. Burns are divided into three types， which 7. （call） first-degree， second-degree， or third- degree burns， 8. （depend） on the depth of skin damage. Different degree 9. （burn） can be treated 10. （different）. Let’s keep these things in mind.
burnt　
are called　
depending　
burns　
differently　
任务2　赏文·向课文学写作
■ task 1　品甄选佳句
Please translate the following beautiful sentences into Chinese.
1. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.（事理阐释）
答案：在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。
2. Place burns under cool running water， especially within the first ten minutes.（事理阐释）
答案：将烧伤部位放在流动的冷水下冲洗，尤其在前十分钟。
复合　
四　
时间状语　
阻止……做某事　
皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在事物过热或过
冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。　
简单　
Burns are divided into three types　
被划分为　
状语　
根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤可以被分为三类。　
复合　
主语　
涂抹　
原因状语　
在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引
发感染。　
■ task 3　赏衔接之顺
It also helps control your body temperature， prevents your body from losing too much water，warns you when things are too hot or cold， and gives you your sense of touch.
赏析：本句是一个复合句，helps， prevents， warns和gives是and连接的四个并列谓 语，说明皮肤的作用，突出了皮肤的重要性。同时本句使用了现在时态，突出描述的 客观性。本句句式整齐、紧凑，一连四个动词的运用，读起来朗朗上口，铿锵有力。
仿写训练/完成句子
He ， the door， and of his hometown bathing in the sunset.
他站起来，走到门外，欣赏着沐浴在夕阳下的家乡美景。
stood up　
walked out　
admired the beautiful scenery　
课堂强研习 合作学习 精研重难
课时作业（一）
[版本互鉴 同题时文]
A
（本文节选自The Guardian《卫报》）
Economists have dubbed the UK’s anaemic growth its “productivity puzzle”. There are multiple factors that are probably suppressing growth in the UK more than elsewhere， including low levels of business investment， the self-imposed economic harm of Brexit（脱欧） and a lack of investment in key infrastructure such as transport and broadband. But in turning a spotlight on the nation’s health， the pandemic has forced us to face the fact that we are an increasingly unwell country， and that is having a significant impact on economic growth.
The number of working-age people who cannot work because of long-term sickness is at a record level of 2.6 million， a number that significantly increased after the start of the pandemic.
In addition， more workers than ever have health conditions that limit their ability to do their job： 3.7 million in total. Almost one in five people aged between 16 and 64 now report having a work-limiting health issue. While rates are highest for older workers—28％ of those aged 55—64， compared with 15％ of those aged 16—34—poor health has risen most quickly in the youngest groups； someone aged 16—34 is twice as likely to have such a problem as they were a decade ago.
Improving working-age ill health must be an urgent priority. This is partly about addressing the parlous state of the NHS（National Health Service）： the UK does not spend nearly enough on healthcare per head compared with other rich， ageing societies. Waiting lists for treatment are at record highs， with knock-on impact for people’s ability to work， and the longer people are out of work because of poor health， the more difficult it is for them to re-enter the labour market.
Demand for the NHS cannot be reduced without spending more on social care for older people； a lack of care in the community means patients who do not need to be on hospital wards are spending too long there because of a lack of other options. Mental health services are in a particularly bad state； young people with such needs are having to wait months， sometimes even years to access clinical care after a GP referral. More funding for talking therapies is welcome， but only a modest start.
Yet fixing the NHS is nowhere near enough. Employers need to be encouraged to provide more support for employees who are struggling with their health to help them stay in work. And the UK’s higher than average preventable mortality rate—deaths that could be avoided through treatment—is not just a matter of improving levels of acute care. Virus affected the UK more as a result of a poorer public health baseline， including internationally high levels of obesity and related conditions such as diabetes， blood pressure and cardiac conditions. Reducing the incidence of long-term health conditions among the working-age population also requires a sustained focus on improving the nation’s health through diet and exercise.
词汇积累
1. dub vt.把……戏称为，给……起绰号
2. anaemic adj.贫血的，患贫血症的；无活力的
3. suppress vt.抑制；压制；阻止
4. impose v.强制推行，强制实行；使接受
5. broadband n.宽频；宽带
6. parlous adj.危险的；动荡的
7. referral n.转送，转诊
8. acute care急性护理
9. sustained adj.持续的
1. What do the underlined words “knock-on impact” mean in Paragraph 4？
A. Chain effect.
B. Initial influence.
C. Final impact.
D. Temporary effect.
答案：A
2. What is the author’s attitude towards the UK’s current state of health and its impact on economic growth？
A. Optimistic. B. Neutral.
C. Worried. D. Unconcerned.
答案：C
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3. What can be inferred from the passage？
A. It is not quite hard to improve people’s health.
B. It is unnecessary to worry about people’s health.
C. It is easy to improve economy.
D. It is tough to fix the NHS.
答案：D
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B
（本文节选自The New York Times《纽约时报》）
Extreme heat is becoming increasingly common across the globe， with longer， more frequent heat waves spreading each year. These rising temperatures can put many at risk for heat-related illnesses， including heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Read on for guidance from experts on how to stay cool during the swelter—even without air conditioning.
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The symptoms of heat stroke， according to the C. D. C. ， include a high body temperature （103 ℉ or higher）； hot， red， dry or damp skin； a fast and strong pulse； a headache； dizziness； nausea； confusion and passing out. If someone is experiencing these symptoms， call 911 immediately， and try to move the person into the shade or a cooler area if available； use cool cloths or a cool bath to lower their body temperature. Do not give them anything to drink.
Making matters more confusing， denial can also be a symptom of heat stroke. A person with heat-related illness may start stumbling or appear less coordinated than usual. Ask the person if they have a headache， nausea or dizziness. Talk to them about a variety of topics to see if they exhibit symptoms of confusion.
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If you suspect a person is having a problem with the heat， err on the side of caution and insist they get into shade or somewhere cool. Have them drink water and spray their body with cold water or rub them down with ice or a cold cloth. If they don’t cool down quickly， seek medical advice.
There’s not a one-size-fits-all rule for the amount of water to drink， said Adriana Quinones-Camacho， M. D. ， a cardiologist at N. Y. U. Lagone Health. But everyone should expect to drink more than they normally would， and constant access to water is key. Drink even when you’re not thirsty. Since we lose electrolytes when we sweat， drinking Gatorade or other sports drinks with electrolytes can also help， she said. “Think of it similar to running a marathon， with how much people can sweat on a day like today，” she said.
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词汇积累
1. swelter n.闷热的天气；热得难受
2. damp adj.潮湿的
3. nausea n.恶心，呕吐感；极端的憎恶
4. pass out昏倒，失去知觉
5. stumble v.绊脚；跌跌撞撞地走
6. spray v.喷洒
7. rub v.擦拭；抹
8. electrolyte n.电解液，电解质
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4. What does the phrase “err on the side of caution” in Paragraph 4 mean？
A. Better safe than sorry.
B. More cautious about errors.
C. More concerned about safety.
D. More important to prevent problems.
答案：A
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5. What can be learnt from the last paragraph？
A. Drink water only when thirsty.
B. Drink more water than normal.
C. Drink water when sweating.
D. The more water you drink， the better you will be.
答案：B
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6. What’s the best title of the text？
A. How to Stay Safe During Extreme Hot Seasons
B. How to Choose Quality Air Conditioning
C. How to Treat Heat-related Illnesses
D. How to Deal with Heat Waves
答案：A
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C
（本文选自译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 3）
Acupuncture： magic needles
One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is the art of “magic needles”， or Chinese acupuncture. It was developed long ago， perhaps as early as 2000 BCE. There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age， when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.
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As acupuncture developed， the simple bian stones were replaced by stone needles. Eventually， metal needles began to appear and took the place of stone needles. These solid needles are made of different metals， such as gold and silver. Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles， but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones. In addition to the changes in material， the shapes of the needles have also changed over time. Originally， there were nine different kinds of needles， with variations in shape. Nowadays， the fine sharp needles that measure usually between 15 and 75 millimetres in length are still used， while most of the others have been replaced by more complex medical instruments.
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So what happens during a visit to the acupuncture clinic？ First， the acupuncturist examines the patient， looking at the patient’s skin and tongue， listening to the sound of his or her voice and breathing， and smelling his or her breath. Then the acupuncturist asks some questions about the patient’s condition and feels his or her pulse. This is a particularly important step according to the energy theory behind acupuncture. The acupuncturist can check the pulse in three positions on each wrist， and every one of them is connected with a major body organ. By checking all the positions， the acupuncturist can find out which energy channel does not have enough energy.
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According to the results of the check-up， the acupuncturist then selects certain points on the body called acupuncture points. Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated. Up to now， more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified， each linked to a different part of the body. Sometimes the needles are pushed into points near the body part affected by a disease， and sometimes into points that are not so close to it.
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Over the years， acupuncture has been used to treat a wide variety of health problems， including severe pains， blood pressure issues， stomach discomfort， sports injuries and weight problems. And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too. Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol， tobacco or drugs.
How acupuncture actually works is not clearly understood. For example， there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain， but no agreement has been reached. One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain. Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of a substance in the body which can reduce pain.
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Despite the uncertainty about its medical basis， acupuncture has become a popular form of treatment. As a unique contribution of traditional Chinese medicine， acupuncture spread to many other Asian countries， such as Japan， as early as the 6th century. It was introduced to the West around the 16th century. In 2010， acupuncture was included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Today， acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world. The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as a good treatment for over 100 medical problems. While doubts about its safety have gradually disappeared， interest continues to grow.
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词汇积累
1. acupuncture n.针刺疗法，针灸
2. stainless adj.不生锈的
3. examine vt.检查；调查；测试
4. pulse n.脉搏　vi.搏动，跳动；洋溢着
5. wrist n.手腕，腕关节
6. channel n.渠道；途径；水道；频道
7. abuse vt.& n.滥用；虐待；辱骂
8. block vt.拦截；阻碍；堵塞
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7. What was the stone tool called bian used for in ancient times？
A. Driving away wild animals.
B. Building houses with these stones.
C. Pressing certain areas of the body.
D. Making medicines for the patients.
答案：C
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8. What can we learn from Paragraph 2？
A. Stone needles replaced metal needles at last.
B. All metal needles are made of stainless steel now.
C. All metal needles are between 15 and 75 millimetres in length.
D. The needles used for acupuncture are different in shape and use.
答案：D
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9. What is the right order when the acupuncturist treats the patient？
①The acupuncturist examines the patient.
②The acupuncturist pushes needles into the patient’s skin.
③The acupuncturist asks the patient some questions.
④The acupuncturist selects acupuncture points on the body.
A. ③→④→①→② B. ③→①→④→②
C. ①→③→④→② D. ①→③→②→④
答案：C
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10. Which of the following is NOT physical problem？
A. Depression.
B. Severe pains.
C. Stomach discomfort.
D. Blood pressure issues.
答案：A
11. What is the author’s attitude to the future of acupuncture？
A. Critical. B. Positive.
C. Negative. D. Indifferent.
答案：B
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