资源简介

(共63张PPT)
8A Unit 4
基础复习
汉译英。
1. 蒸汽机车 ___________________ (P52)
2. 步行 ___________________ (P52)
3. 几个；若干 ___________________ (P52)
4. 发生；进行 ___________________ (P52)
5. 例如；比如 ___________________ (P52)
6. 大量 ___________________ (P52)
短语梳理
steam locomotive
on foot
a number of
take place
for instance
large amounts of
7. 国际贸易 __________________ (P52)
8. 载人航天器 __________________ (P53)
9. 依靠；依赖 __________________ (P53)
10. 3D 打印机 __________________ (P53)
11. 毫无疑问 __________________ (P53)
12. 自古以来；有史以来 __________________ (P53)
international trade
crewed spacecraft
depend on
3D printer
without doubt
of all time
1. When the first humans decided to leave their homes over 100,000 years ago in search of new places to live and better sources of food, they did it on foot.
10 万多年前，当最早的人类决定离开家园，去寻找新的居住地和更好的食物来源时，他们是徒步进行的。
【解析】① in search of 意为“寻找”，其中 search 为名词；search 也可作动词，常与介词 for 连用，表示“寻找；搜寻”。
② on foot 意为“步行”，说明动作进行的方式，常与 go, travel, visit 等 动词连用。
例句：She went on foot in search of her lost cat.
她步行去寻找丢失的猫。
结构归纳
2. Although this meant that people could travel further and faster,
transporting large amounts of goods was still a difficult job.
尽管这意味着人们可以走得更远、更快，但运输大量货物仍然是一项困难的工作。
【解析】① although 为连词，意为“尽管；虽然”，表“让步”，引导让步状语从句，不与 but 出现在同一句中。
② large amounts of 意为“大量”，常与不可数名词连用；同义短语有：lots of, plenty of 等。
例句：Although she is young, she knows large amounts of information.
尽管她年纪小，但了解大量信息。
3. As a result, the first roads made of stone appeared after the arrival of the wheel.
因此，在车轮问世之后，第一批由石头铺设的道路出现了。
【解析】as a result 意为“因此；结果”，用于体现因果关系；通常位于句首，后接逗号，与后面的句子内容隔开。拓展：as a result of 意为“由于；因为”，后接名词、代词或动词 ing 形式，不能直接跟句子。
例句：It is raining heavily. As a result, he can’t play outside.
雨下得很大，因此他没法在外面玩。
The game was canceled as a result of the heavy rain.
由于大雨，比赛取消了。
4. The wheel not only changed the way humans move, but it also allowed us to build all types of amazing machines. 轮子不仅改变
了人类的移动方式，还使我们能够制造出各种各样令人惊叹的机器。
【解析】① allow 意为“使可能”；常用搭配 allow sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事；允许某人做某事”。
② all types of 意为“各种类型的”，同义短语：all kinds of。
例句：His mom allows him to ride a bike to school.
他妈妈允许他骑自行车去上学。
5.Windmills, clocks and other machines all use wheels, and the Industrial Revolution depended on the wheel.
风车、钟表以及其他机器都用到了轮子，工业革命也依靠轮子。
【解析】depend on 意为“依靠；依赖”；同义短语有：rely on。
例句：We depend on the sun for light and heat.
我们依靠太阳获取光和热。
跟踪练习
I. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1. 毫无疑问，3D 打印机是一项伟大发明。
____________ ____________, 3D printers are a great invention.
2. 它们让许多工厂能够比以前更快速地生产产品。
They _________ _______ ____________ _______factories _______ ________ products faster than before.
Without doubt
allow a number of to make
3. 例如，现在几乎所有类型的玩具都可以用 3D 打印机制造。
________ _____________, almost ________ __________ ________ toys can be made with 3D printers now.
4. 由于这种新方式，大量的时间被节省了下来。
_________ ___________ _______ time are saved as a result of this new way.
5. 许多商店依靠 3D 打印机来快速备好货物。
Many shops ___________ ________ 3D printers to get goods ready quickly.
For instance all types of
Large amounts of
depend on
6. 一场旨在探讨 3D 技术的大型活动于上周举办。
Last week, a big event ________ ________ to talk about 3D tech.
7. 一些人步行前往，寻找有关 3D 打印的信息。
Some people went _______ ________ _______ ___________ ______ information about 3D printing.
took place
on foot in search of
II. 根据所给提示翻译句子。
8. 尽管旧方法仍然奏效，但 3D 打印机更受欢迎。(although)
________________
9. 因此，它们不仅帮助小商店，也帮助大公司。(as a result)
________________
10. 这让国际贸易成为有史以来最活跃的领域之一。(of all time)
________________
Although old methods still work, 3D printers are more popular.
As a result, they help not only small shops but also big companies.
This makes international trade one of the most active fields of all time.
A
I. 按要求写出相应的单词。
1. pull (第三人称单数) ___________
2. wheel (复数) ___________
3. depend (过去式) ___________
4. center (形容词) ___________
5. attach (现在分词) ___________
pulls
wheels
depended
central
attaching
II. 根据首字母提示写单词，完成句子。
6. A____________ she was tired, she still kept working.
7. The worker a____________ the sign to the wall just now.
8. He learned a new t_______________ to solve the problem.
9. This i___________________ meeting includes people from 12 countries.
10. I have no d____________ that she will win the game.
Although
attached
technique
international
doubt
III. 从下面各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( ) 11. No one knows ______ sure what happened that night.
A. in B. for C. on D. at
( ) 12. My parents allow me ______ TV for an hour every day.
A. watch B. watches
C. to watch D. watching
( ) 13. Lily’s schoolbag is as ____ as mine.
A. heavy B. heavier
C. heaviest D. the heaviest
( ) 14. A few ____ years later, we still use the invention he created.
A. hundred B. hundreds
C. hundred of D. hundreds of
( ) 15. Among all the villages, this one is ______ from the city.
A. far B. further
C. farthest D. the farthest
IV. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
16. 许多发明改变了世界，例如蒸汽机车和 3D 打印机。
______ ___________ ______ inventions have changed the world, _______ ___________, the steam locomotive and the 3D printer.
17. 毫无疑问，蒸汽机车是有史以来最伟大的发明之一，它彻底改变了交通方式。
_____________ _________, the steam locomotive is one of the greatest inventions ________ ________ ________, revolutionizing transportation.
A number of for
instance
Without doubt
of all time
18. 国际贸易的顺利开展依赖于高效的运输系统。
_________________ _________ ___________ _______ efficient transport systems to work smoothly.
19. 有些人短途出行仍然步行，但长途运输发生了巨大的变化。
Some people still travel ______ ________ for short distances,but big changes _________ __________ in long-distance transport.
20. 3D 打印机不断发展。因此，它们在制造业和医疗领域都有应用。
3D printers keep developing. _______ ______ _________,they are used in both manufacturing and medical fields.
International trade depends on
on foot
take place
As a result
21. 所有行业都改进了它们的生产方式。
_______ ___________ _______ industries have improved their production methods.
22. 许多工程师致力于寻找更好的设计，以制造出更快、更安全的机器。
Many engineers work ________ ___________ _______ better designs to create faster and safer machines.
All types of
in search of
B
I. 用所给词的正确形式填空，完成句子。
1. The inventor decided ____________ (invent) a small fan for summer travel.
2. Large amounts of data _________ (be) stored in this computer.
to invent
are
3. We’ll continue _____________________________ (interview) the old man to record his life story tomorrow.
4. We need clever ____________ (technique) to improve the crewed spacecraft.
5. He __________ (quick) realized his mistake and apologized at once.
interviewing / to interview
techniques
quickly
II. 根据短文内容，从方框中选出合适的词并用其适当形式填空。
Inventions change our lives amazingly. They are a (6) _____________part of modern life. From the wheel to smartphones, each invention changes how we live. In the medical field, different kinds of machines help save more lives. Doctors treat (治疗) illnesses faster and more safely than before.There is no (7) _____________ that they make life easier. In factories,(8) ____________ heavy things is the main task of many machines which is difficult for people.
depend, pull, center, path, doubt
central
doubt
pulling
Inventions also create new (9) _____________ that lead to progress,paving the way to better lives. We should be careful with inventions like social media. They are useful but also cause problems. The success of inventions
(10) ____________ on how we use them. Let’s value and use them wisely.
paths
depends
III. 根据短文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Over 100,000 years ago, the first humans walked in search of new places to live and better sources of food. Until about 6,000 years ago, a number of important (11) ____________ (change) took place. Some people started to ride horses, (12) _________ it was still difficult to transport large amounts of goods. Hundreds of years later, the wheel was invented.
changes
but
The wheel was first used to make pottery. Soon people realized that they could attach wheels (13) ________ horse-pulled vehicles to transport people and things. Then, farmers could (14) ____________ (sudden) trans-port their goods to markets far away.
to
suddenly
Although the wheel improved how villages, towns and countries(15) ______
(trade), there was still a problem. It was difficult(16) __________ (use) the old walking paths in wet weather. As (17) ______ result, the first stone roads appeared. The Romans also invented new techniques to build roads and some of (18) __________(they) are still used today.
traded
to use
a
them
The wheel didn’t just change how people moved — it also made it possible to create many (19) ____________ (amaze) machines. In the digital world, wheels help keep many devices (20) ____________ (work). The wheel is one of the most important inventions in history.
amazing
working
跟踪练习
I. 听课文 Listening 部分的录音，回答问题。
1. Which product can keep you completely dry from head to toe
_________________
2. What can help you look things behind
_________________
3. What is the Noodle Fan used for
_________________
The amazing Full-body Umbrella.
The Two-way Glasses.
Listening
It is used for cooling down noodles.
II. 信息询问（汉译英）。
4. 人们为什么喜欢创造有趣的发明？
________________
5. 那个机器是一个有用的发明吗？
________________
Why do people love creating fun inventions
Is that machine a useful invention
III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
6. 我们能轻松预测明天的天气。
We can ___________ _______ _______________ about tomorrow’s weather easily.
7. 他们不该嘲笑这个简单的发明。
They shouldn’t __________ _________ ________ the simple invention.
make a prediction
make fun of
汉译英。
1. 入睡；睡着 ________________ (P62)
2. 活字印刷术 ________________ (P62)
3. 实现；成为现实 ________________ (P62)
4. 把……切成…… ________________ (P62)
5. 成千上万的 ________________ (P62)
6. 确保 ________________ (P62)
7. 准备好做某事 ________________ (P62)
8. 向……介绍…… ________________ (P62)
fall asleep
movable type
come true
短语梳理
cut ... into ...
thousands of
make sure
be ready to do sth.
introduce ... to ...
1. He was so busy that he didn’t notice her.
他太忙了，没有注意到她。
★ so ... that 意为“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。
2.Then I bake them with fire to make them hard.
然后我用火烤它们，使它们变硬。
★ to make them hard 在句中作目的状语；make ... + adj.意为“使……怎么样”。
结构归纳
3.After that, heat it up so that the mixture will melt.
之后，将其加热，使混合物融化。
★ heat up 意为“加热”，后面接名词或代词（代词需放在 heat 和 up 之间）；so that 意为“以便”，用于引导目的状语从句。
例如：Heat up the water so that the tea will become stronger.
把水加热，这样茶就会变得更浓。
跟踪练习
I. 根据首字母提示写单词，完成句子。
1. He n____________ that his friend was sad and asked what was wrong.
2. The little boy p____________ the clay into a small ball.
3. Mom h____________ some soup in the microwave last night.
4. The m____________ of flour, eggs and milk formed a smooth batter.
5. Keys are usually made of m___________.
noticed
pressed
heated
mixture
metal
II. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词，缩写算一词。
6. 他把糖加热，这样就容易塑形了。
He ____________ _______ the sugar _______ _______it would be easy to shape.
7. 活字印刷术的发明非常重要，它改变了人们印刷书籍的方式。
The invention of ____________ ________ was _______ important ________ it changed the way people printed books.
heated up so that
movable type so that
8. 爸爸把披萨切成八块，确保每个人有一块。
Dad ______ the pizza ______ eight pieces _____ ________ ______ everyone got one.
9. 经过数千次实验，莱特兄弟的飞行梦想实现了。
The Wright brothers’ flying dream _________ _________after
_____________ ______ experiments.
cut into to make sure
came true
thousands of
10. 我们的老师向我们介绍了折纸，它和画画一样有趣！
Our teacher ____________ origami ______ us, and it was_______ ________________ ______ drawing!
11. 爸爸准备给我讲故事，但他还没开始，我就睡着了。
Dad ______ _______ _____ read me a story, but I______ ________ before he started.
introduced to as
fun/interesting as
was ready to fell asleep
非常解读
下面的材料 A-F 是一些书籍的介绍，请根据每位学生的需求，帮他们选择适合他们的书籍。
A. Green Inventors
This book shows kids how to turn recycled materials like bottles into useful inventions, helping protect nature and reduce waste.
B. Space Inventors
This book shows how astronauts (航天员) solve problems in space and teaches kids to make easy space inventions. It has pictures and step-by-step guides.
C. Robot Builders
This book shows kids how to build simple robots by taking apart and reusing everyday objects. With colorful pictures and easy instructions, it makes learning about simple machines exciting.
D. From Ideas to Inventions
This fun book teaches kids how to make real inventions from creative ideas, such as self-cleaning lunchboxes. It uses step-by-step pictures and easy tips to help solve everyday problems.
E. Stories of Inventors
This book tells exciting stories about famous inventors like Thomas Edison and their amazing creations. With colorful pictures and easy-to-read text, it’s perfect for kids who want to learn how these inventions changed our lives.
F. Water Power Ideas
This book shows kids how to make water wheels and boats using plastic bottles. Kids will have fun discovering how water moves and works!
( ) 1. Tom loves taking things apart to see how they work. He dreams of building his own robot one day and needs a book that explains simple machines in a fun way.
C
( ) 2. Lina is very interested in famous inventors like Thomas Edison.She wants a book full of inspiring (鼓舞人心的) stories about how great inventions changed the world.
( ) 3. John wants to create inventions that help the environment. He’s always looking for ways to reuse materials and reduce waste.
E
A
( ) 4. Sarah likes to solve everyday problems. She draws ideas for helpful inventions like lunchboxes that clean themselves. She needs a book that teaches how to turn ideas into real projects.
( ) 5. Alice loves learning about space and imagining new inventions for astronauts. She wants to learn how astronauts solve problems in space and create her own simple space inventions.
D
B
完形小测
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
Students at Purdue University have created a robot that can solve a Rubik’s Cube (魔方) faster than any other robot. The robot, which they call“Purdubik’s Cube”, solves the cube in just 0.103 seconds.
The Rubik’s Cube is a colorful puzzle with six sides. It was 1 in 1974. At first, people just wanted to solve the puzzle. But soon, one group of users had a new goal (目标) — to solve the cube as 2 as possible. These people are known as“speedcubers”. Human speedcubers can solve a Rubik’s Cube in a few seconds. The fastest human can do it in about 3 seconds. But thanks to computers and fast-moving parts, robots can do even better.
( ) 1. A. checked B. invented C. recorded D. imagined
( ) 2. A. carefully B. slowly C. quickly D. quietly
( ) 3. A. colors B. numbers C. shapes D. letters
B
C
A
Purdubik’s Cube uses small cameras to look at the 3 on the cube. Then, a computer program 4 the fastest way to solve it. After that, the robot moves the cube very quickly using 5 robot arms. The students had to build a special cube for the robot. Normal cubes can fall apart at such high 6 . Their cube is stronger and works better with the robot.
( ) 4. A. works out B. talks about C. asks for D. cares about
( ) 5. A. small B. thin C. short D. strong
( ) 6. A. prices B. speeds C. heights D. temperatures
A
D
B
This 7 broke the world record. Before this, the 8 robot took 0.305 seconds.Now, Purdubik’s Cube is the new champion (冠军).
( ) 7. A. game B. creation C. toy D. tool
( ) 8. A. biggest B. heaviest C. fastest D. oldest
B
C
Technology like this 9 us how machines can think and move quickly.Robots, cameras, and computer programs can all work together to do something 10 . Inventions like Purdubik’s Cube can help us learn more about building fast, smart machines.
( ) 9. A. helps B. offers C. suggests D. teaches
( ) 10. A. simple B. strange C. dangerous D. amazing
With the right tools and teamwork, even students can make world-changing inventions!
D
D
阅读训练营
The fridge is one of the most useful inventions in our daily lives. Most homes today use fridges every day. The fridge has a long history. It was invented in the early 20th century and has greatly changed the way we keep food.
Before fridges, it was hard for people to keep food fresh. They used iceboxes or kept food in cold places to keep it fresh. However, these ways were not very useful, especially in warm weather. Food would go bad quickly, causing waste and even health problems. The invention of fridges solved these prob-lems by providing a perfect way to keep food fresh for a longer time.
A fridge keeps food fresh by using a special liquid (液体). This liquid takes in heat from inside the fridge and gives it off outside, keeping the air inside the fridge cool. The low temperature slows down the growth of bacteria (细菌), stopping food from going bad.
Modern fridges also have some compartments (分隔间), such as different shelves for fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. Some even have smart features, like temperature control and energy-saving modes (模式).
Fridges have become a necessary part of modern life. Almost every home has one, and they are used in restaurants, supermarkets,and hospitals as well. Thanks to this invention, we can keep food safe, decrease waste, and enjoy fresh meals every day. Without fridges, our lives would be much less convenient.
In a word, the fridge is a successful invention that has made a big difference in our daily lives. It shows how technology can improve the way we live.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
( ) 1. How does the writer lead into the topic in the first paragraph
A. By listing numbers. B. By describing facts.
C. By asking questions. D. By giving examples.
( ) 2. What does the second paragraph mainly want to show
A. It was not easy to invent the fridge.
B. People met many troubles when keeping food.
C. There were so many ways of keeping food fresh.
D. It was necessary and important to invent the fridge.
( ) 3. Which of the following can take the place of“decrease”in the text
A. Cut down. B. Result in.
C. Clean up. D. Run out of.
( ) 4. What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text
A. To describe the development of food storage methods.
B. To discuss environmental problems caused by modern fridges.
C. To explain why people should eat up the food they have cooked.
D. To show the importance of fridges in improving modern life.
( ) 5. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
A.①/②/③④⑤⑥ B. ①②③/④/⑤⑥
C. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ D. ①②/③④/⑤/⑥
非常解读
根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。
Last summer, I visited a traditional paper-making workshop in Chengdu. As soon as I (1) _________ (go) into the small workshop, the smell of wet bark(树皮) was in the air. An old craftsman smiled and handed me (2) _____
piece of paper.“This,”he said,“is made from mulberry (桑树) trees. Over 2,000 years ago, the ancient Chinese first created this (3) _______________ (wonderfully) material that changed the world.”
went
a
wonderful
He then showed me the process. First, workers chose mulberry bark and bamboo carefully, and then they cut them into small pieces. These
(4) ____________ (material) were soaked (浸湿) in clear river water for several days until they became soft.After that, the mixture was boiled and beaten into pulp (浆状物). The craftsman pointed and said,“Look! The pulp (5) ________________ (become) paper soon.”
materials
will become
While waiting (6) _________ the paper to dry, he told me a story.“In the Han Dynasty, a man named Cai Lun improved this skill. Before (7) _______
(he) invention, people wrote on heavy bamboo or expensive silk. Cai Lun’s paper was thin and light, and it was much (8) ____________ (cheap). The paper was also easy (9) ___________ (carry) and most people could buy it.”
for
his
cheaper
to carry
I touched the drying paper. It was strong.“Today,”the craftsman added,“
most paper is made from wood in big factories, (10) ________ we still use the ancient way.”
Walking home, I saw a girl writing in a notebook. I realized every page was made from trees, just like Cai Lun’s creation long ago. Paper isn’t just a tool; it’s a bridge between the past and the present.
but
thank you

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