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天津市和平区汉阳道中学2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题
1．（2024八上·和平期末）Joe, ________ unusual girl, is studying in ________ university in USA.
A．an; an B．a; a C．/; the D．an; a
2．（2024八上·和平期末）Cambridge is ________ the east of England and it is ________ the River Cam.
A．on; in B．to; on C．in; on D．of; on
3．（2024八上·和平期末）I think we will ________ them and we will ________ the basketball match.
A．beat;win B．win; beat C．beat;beat D．win;win
4．（2024八上·和平期末）—I was at the cinema at nine o'clock yesterday evening. What about you
—I ________ TV at home.
A．am watching B．was watching C．will watch D．watched
5．（2024八上·和平期末）The woman ________ two pairs of shoes to try on.
A．showed me B．showed for me C．showed to D．showed to me
6．（2024八上·和平期末）—The man in a black coat ________ be Mr Li. He likes the color black.
—It ________ be him. He's in the office now.
A．need; may not B．may; mustn't
C．should; needn't D．must; can't
7．（2024八上·和平期末）Let's find out what else we can do ________ as many animals as possible.
A．to save B．save C．saving D．saved
8．（2024八上·和平期末）Can __________ answer this difficult question
A．anyone else B．someone else C．else anyone D．else someone
9．（2024八上·和平期末）Li Jiankun was walking past the school gate ________ he saw a wallet ________ on the ground.
A．while; lie B．when; lying C．while; lying D．when; lay
10．（2024八上·和平期末）Maria has trouble ________ the job and is still staying at home.
A．find B．to find C．finding D．finds
11．（2024八上·和平期末）—Could you tell me more about Chinese ________, Mr Li
—Sure. For example, you'd better not ________ your hair cut during the Spring Festival month.
A．traditions; have B．services; to have
C．symbols; having D．areas; had
12．（2024八上·和平期末）________ he is warm. ________ him with a coat.
A．To make sure; To cover B．Make sure; Cover
C．Making sure; Covering D．Made sure; Covered
13．（2024八上·和平期末）If she __________ enough sleep, she ________ tired at school.
A．won't get; will feel B．won't get; feels
C．doesn't get; will feel D．doesn't get; feels
14．（2024八上·和平期末）—________ will the weather be like in Hainan in December
—It will ________ be warm.
A．How; probably B．What; may
C．How's; may D．What; probably
15．（2024八上·和平期末）—What are you going to do this weekend, Judy
—________. Do you have any plans
A．Pretty good B．Never mind C．No idea D．Me neither
（2024八上·和平期末）Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it's 16． to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China, it's OK to 17． a lot of noises in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn't noisy and 18． , you may think there's something wrong with it. However, in many Western countries, restaurants are 19． places. If people at the table talk too loud, other people who are eating there might be 20． with the restaurant.
Paying the bill (账单) is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for 21． . In Western countries, when friends eat together, they usually 22． the cost. This is called "going Dutch (均摊费用)". Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the 23． . This called "leaving a tip (小费)". Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it's 24． to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service is. Good waiters can make a lot of money!
The way people eat food is not the same in different parts of the world, but you can 25． the same kinds of food in many countries.
16．A．popular B．difficult C．important D．enjoyable
17．A．cause B．keep C．hear D．make
18．A．lively B．friendly C．lucky D．polite
19．A．noisy B．quiet C．busy D．clean
20．A．wrong B．natural C．unhappy D．interested
21．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．none
22．A．suggest B．share C．match D．raise
23．A．gatekeepers B．sellers C．waiters D．visitors
24．A．terrible B．common C．serious D．unusual
25．A．invent B．accept C．prefer D．find
（2024八上·和平期末）AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let's see some amazing AIs.
Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn't need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It's good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it!
World's first AI anchor (主播) See this picture! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But "he" is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world's first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. But it isn't a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. An AI artist painted it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15,000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world.
26．We can know that Apolong _________.
A．has no drivers in it B．opens the door by the passenger
C．has 24 seats in it D．stops when it sees a bus stop
27．Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT _________.
A．going out to play with you
B．talking with you if you feel lonely
C．being your friend
D．singing, writing poems and telling stories
28．The AI anchor _________.
A．looks like a woman B．can only speak English
C．can work 24 hours without mistakes D．is the first robot in the world
29．What can we know about the painting
A．Vincent Van Gogh painted it.
B．It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018.
C．The AI artist imitated it.
D．It is the most popular painting in the world.
30．This passage is probably from _________.
A．a travel guide B．a story book
C．a school report D．a science magazine
（2024八上·和平期末）①Sleep for humans almost always means there is a bed or a mat near here. Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping.
②For warmth, some animals sleep in groups, such as lions, monkeys, penguins and so on. Elephants also sleep in a group, but they sleep in groups for protection. The larger elephants make a circle (圆圈) around the younger elephants. The larger elephants sleep standing up, while the younger ones lie down to sleep.
③Some animals sleep in trees. Birds will lock (锁) their feet onto a branch (树枝) to keep from falling out of the tree. Other animals, like squirrels, make nests (筑巢) in the trees to sleep in.
④Most animals look for dry places to sleep. However, ducks often sleep in water. So do sea otters. They hold hands when they sleep in groups to keep from floating away (漂走).
⑤Most animals lie down to sleep. However, some large animals, like horses, can sleep standing up. The flamingo sleeps standing on just one leg.
⑥Most animals sleep at night, but some animals are nocturnal. Nocturnal animals sleep during the day. Bats and owls are nocturnal animals. They wake up when the sun goes down.
⑦Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep.
31．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Animals sleep in many different ways.
B．Animals sleep in many different places.
C．Animals' sleeping hours are different.
D．Animals sleep at different times of night.
32．Why do elephants sleep in groups according to the passage
A．They sleep in groups for warmth.
B．They sleep in groups for protection.
C．They sleep in groups for food.
D．They sleep in groups for fun.
33．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
34．What does the word "nocturnal" mean in Paragraph 6
A．Active at night. B．With eyes wide open.
C．Sleeping at night. D．Standing sleep.
35．The last sentence "But, just like humans, every animal must sleep." means ________.
A．Only humans must sleep.
B．Not all humans need to sleep.
C．Some animals don't need to sleep.
D．Both animals and humans need to sleep.
（2024八上·和平期末）No one can change the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly, we can tell how the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints (关节). Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. It is probably because of the insects which they are hunting that they fly low. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁), then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
36．Many people feel joints pain _______.
A．because of coming rain B．because they are ill
C．without any reason D．because of the insects
37．Which is TRUE about weather forecasting
A．Weather forecasting is a way of telling about the weather on the following day or two.
B．Weather forecasting isn't a way of telling what the weather will be like.
C．People can change the weather.
D．Weather forecasting is a sign of coming rain.
38．If the birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly, the weather will ________.
A．be rainy B．be warm
C．continue to be clear and fine D．be cold
39．A rainbow during rainy weather is a sign of ________.
A．fine weather B．a rainy day C．fog D．bad weather
40．We must ________ to make weather forecasting.
A．use our eyes and brains B．study the weather
C．read the natural signs D．all of the above
（2024八上·和平期末）根据对话内容，从下面选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整。(选项中有两项是多余的)
A: It is such a lovely day. I love sunshine (阳光).
B:　41． 　
A: I hope it stays like this.
B:　42． 　
A: Is the weather usually like this here
B: No. It's usually a bit hotter than today.
A:　43． 　
B: It's pretty cold and it often snows in winter.　44． 　
A: A lot like the weather here.
B: I heard it rained a lot.　45． 　
A: Well, yes. It often rains.
A. I hope so, too.
B. What's the weather like in winter here
C. Is that true
D. I don't think so.
E. Thank you for your kindness.
F. Yes, it's really a nice and bright day.
G. What about your hometown
46．（2024八上·和平期末）别担心。我会及时赶回来做晚饭的。
Don't worry. I'll be back 　 　　 　 to cook dinner.
47．（2024八上·和平期末）当地政府在20世纪80年代关闭了这个地区的所有煤矿。
The local government 　 　　 　 all the local mines in this area in the 1980s.
48．（2024八上·和平期末）他总是帮助别人却从不为自己考虑。
He always helped others but never 　 　 himself.
49．（2024八上·和平期末）在出门之前一定要把所有的灯关掉。
　 　　 　 you turn off the lights before you go out.
50．（2024八上·和平期末）他从自行车上摔下来摔断了腿。
He 　 　　 　 his bike and broke his leg.
（2024八上·和平期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
What would you say about Shenzhen Young, modern, exciting… these all seem to be the right words. However, 40 years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village. On Aug. 26, In 1980, it became China's first special economic zone (经济特区). Everything has changed since then. With its rapid development, Shenzhen has become one of China's biggest cities.
On Dec. 29, 1985, Shenzhen finished building the International Trade Center. It became China's tallest building at that time. The world was surprised at how quickly people built it. It took only three days to build one new floor. After that, the city is famous for its high efficiency (效率), which is called "Shenzhen speed (速度)".
It develops quickly, so people from all over China come to Shenzhen to make their dreams come true. About 65% of people in Shenzhen grow up in other places. But no one feels like an outsider. As the famous saying goes, "You become a Shenzhener if you come to Shenzhen."
A student called Zeng Jingxian says, "Shenzhen is a very friendly city for hard-working people. People in Shenzhen get along well with each other. People work and live easily here, as Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances of getting a job. In Shenzhen, many people started from nothing. But through their hard work, they live a good life now."
51．Shenzhen was just 　 　 forty years ago.
52．Shenzhen is 　 　 its "Shenzhen speed".
53．About 65% of people in Shenzhen are from 　 　.
54．Shenzhen is a great city with 　 　 to get a job.
55．If you 　 　, you will live a good life in Shenzhen.
（2024八上·和平期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Once upon a time, there was a very old man called Yu Gong. He lived with his family in a village and there were two big and h　56． 　 mountains near his house. I　57． 　 they wanted to get to the other side, they needed to spend a long time.
One day, Yu Gong told his family that they must move the mountains to the other places. Hearing this, everyone in his family was s　58． 　. One of his sons said, "Are you k　59． 　 " "No, I'm serious and all of you must f　60． 　 me." Everyone had to a　61． 　 with him because the oldest man in the family was the most important person at that time.
The next day everyone in Yu Gong's family started to dig (挖) the mountains. They put the stones and the earth into the sea. One day a man saw Yu Gong and his children digging the mountains. He told Yu Gong he would never finish it. But Yu Gong said a　62． 　 he was weak and would die, his family could k　63． 　 moving the mountains. Then they kept on digging day after day and year after year. In the e　64． 　 a god was moved by Yu Gong and he sent two gods to help Yu Gong move the mountains away.
The story tells us that you can never know what's p　65． 　 unless you try to make it happen.
66．（2024八上·和平期末）安全对于每个人来说都很重要。作为中学生，我们可能遇到哪些安全问题？该怎样处理呢？校团委决定组织一次安全教育主题班会，请根据以下要点提示，以"How to Keep Safe"为题写一篇80词左右的英文发言稿。
中学生安全问题对策 一、交通安全；遵守交通规则。
二、食品安全；注意饮食安全。
三、活动安全；上下楼梯靠右行；体育锻炼要小心；不允许私自下河游泳。
四、交友安全；注意网络交友安全。
遇险建议 遇到危险要保持冷静，保证自身安全，然后及时报警或向家长、老师求助。
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答案解析部分
1．【答案】D
【知识点】不定冠词a，an的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：Joe，一个不寻常的女孩，正在一所美国大学学习。a和an不定冠词，表泛指，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。第一个空表泛指，unusual以元音音素开头，用an修饰；第二个空泛指一所大学，university以辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故选D。
【点评】考查冠词辨析，首先识记a/an/the区别，然后根据关键词unusual和university确定冠词。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】方位介词on,above,below,over,under 的用法比较；方位介词into, onto, out of, off的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：剑桥位于英格兰东部，坐落在剑河上。on表示两地接壤，在……上；in表示两地相容；to表示两地相隔；of……的。根据事实可知，剑话桥属于英格兰东部，应用介词in；结合"it is...the River Cam"可知，此处指的是"在……上"，应用介词on，故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析，首先理解介词区别，然后理解句意。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】及物动词
【解析】【分析】句意：我想我们会打败他们，我们会赢得这场篮球赛。win赢得（某场比赛）；beat打败（对手）。根据第一个空后"them"，可知，此处表示打败对手，所以第一个空填beat。根据"the basketball match"，可知，此处表示赢得比赛，所以第二个空填win，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，首先理解win和beat区别，然后根据关键词them和match确定答案，理解句意。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——昨晚九点我在电影院里。你呢？——我正在家看电视。A现在进行时；B过去进行时；C一般将来时；D一般过去式。根据上文的过去具体时间at nine o'clock yesterday evening可知用过去进行时。结构为was/were doing，主语为I，故选B。
【点评】考查过去进行时，首先理解选项区别，然后根据关键词句at nine o'clock yesterday evening确定过去进行时，理解句意。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：这个女人给我拿了两双鞋让我试穿。show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb.给某人出示某物。show是及物动词，后面直接跟某人或某物作宾语。故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb.，理解句意。
6．【答案】D
【知识点】can, could表示可能性；must表示推测
【解析】【分析】句意：——穿黑色外套的那个人一定是李先生。他喜欢黑色。——不可能是他。他现在在办公室。need需要；may可能；should应该；must一定。根据"He likes the color black."可知，此处表示可能性极大的肯定推测，must"一定"符合句意。may not可能不；mustn't绝不；needn't不需要；can't不可能。根据"He's in the office now."可知，此处表示否定推测，can't"不可能"符合句意。故选D。
【分析】考查情态动词，首先理解情态动词区别，然后根据关键词句He's in the office now.确定答案，理解句意。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：让我们看看我们还能做些什么来拯救尽可能多的动物。what else we can do在这里是find out的宾语，此处to save as many animals a spossible是动词不定式表示目的，save是动词，拯救。 故选A。
【分析】考查动词不定式，首先理解选项区别，然后根据句意确定不定式的用法。
8．【答案】A
【知识点】表示某物的复合不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：还有人能回答这个难题吗？someone某人，常用于肯定句中；anyone任何人，常用于否定句或者疑问句中；else其他的。根据"Can ... answer this difficult question "可知，本句是疑问句，用anyone；形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词后面。故选A。
【点评】考查复合不定代词，首先理解someone和anyone区别，然后根据句子种类确定答案，理解复合不定代词+else。
9．【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配；when引导的时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：李建坤路过校门时，看到地上有一个钱包。when/while都表示"当……时"，但 when 后面的动词可以是延续性动词或非延续性动词，而while 后面的动词必须是延续性动词。从句中saw是短暂性动词，所以第一空用when，排除A、C；see sb doing sth"看见某人正在做某事"；see sb do sth"看见某人做了某事"，lie"处于，保持（某种状态）"，现在分词是lying，过去式是lay，所以此处用lying。故选B。
【点评】考查连词辨析和固定搭配see...doing sth.，理解句意。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：Maria找工作有困难，还待在家。动词短语have trouble doing sth.表示"做某事有困难"。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配have trouble doing sth.，理解句意。
11．【答案】A
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——李先生，你能多告诉我一些中国的传统吗？——当然。例如，你最好不要在正月剪头发。traditions传统；services服务；symbols象征；areas区域。根据"your hair cut during the Spring Festival month"可知，正月不剪头是传统习俗；情态动词had better"最好"后接动词原形。故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析和情态动词，首先理解选项意思，然后根据关键词句your hair cut during the Spring Festival month确定名词，识记固定搭配had better not do sth.，理解句意。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】“动词原形+宾语+其他成分”的祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：确保他是暖和的。给他盖上外套。分析句子，两句均是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选B。
【点评】考查祈使句，首先理解选项区别，然后理解祈使句的语法，理解句意。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】if引导的条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果她睡眠不足，她在学校会感到疲倦。此句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态。主句是will+动词原形；从句用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，否定句要借助助动词does+not+动词原形。故选C。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，理解句意。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】程度副词；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——12月份海南的天气怎么样？——可能会很暖和吧。How怎样；What什么；probably可能地；may可以。第一空，根据"will the weather be like "可知，like是介词，因此用what做like的宾语；第二空，前面有情态动词will，用副词probably修饰，作状语。故选D。
【点评】考查特殊疑问句和副词辨析，首先识记提问天气的特殊疑问句，然后根据句意确定副词。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】询问意向
【解析】【分析】句意：——Judy，你这个周末计划做什么呀？——不知道。你有什么计划啊 Pretty good很好；Never mind没关系；No idea不知道；Me neither我也没有。根据"Do you have any plans "可知，她不知道周末干什么。故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，首先理解选项区别，然后根据关键词句Do you have any plans 确定答案，理解句意。
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．A；19．B；20．C；21．A；22．B；23．C；24．B；25．D
【知识点】说明文；文化差异与文化自信
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中西方在用餐礼仪方面的差异。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
16．句意：当你去世界各地的餐馆吃饭时，知道什么是对的，什么是错的是很重要的。popular流行的；difficult困难的；important重要的；enjoyable令人愉快的。根据"know the right and wrong things to do"结合语境可知，此处应指知道什么是对的什么是错的很重要。故选C。
17．句意：例如，在中国，在餐馆里发出很大的噪音是可以的。cause导致；keep保持；hear听见；make制造。根据"a lot of noises"可知，此处应指制造很多噪音，make noises"发出噪音，制造噪音"。故选D。
18．句意：事实上，如果一家餐馆不吵不热闹，你可能会认为它有问题。lively充满活力的；friendly友好的；lucky幸运的；polite礼貌的。根据"if a restaurant isn't noisy and … , you may think there's something wrong with it."可知，此处应指如果发现一家餐馆不吵不热闹。故选A。
19．句意：然而，在许多西方国家，餐馆是安静的地方。noisy吵闹的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的；clean干净的。根据"However"可知，此处和前文形成对比，前文提到的餐馆是吵闹的，因此此处应指是安静的。故选B。
20．句意：如果餐桌上的人说话太大声，其他在那里吃饭的人可能会对这家餐馆不满意。wrong错误的；natural自然的；unhappy不开心的；interested感兴趣的。根据"If people at the table talk too loud, other people who are eating there might be … with the restaurant."可知，此处指如果有人说话太大声，其他人会对这家餐馆不满意。故选C。
21．句意：在中国，一个人通常为所有人买单。everybody所有人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；none没有人。根据"In China, one person usually pays for … ."结合常识可知，此处应指在中国一个人通常为所有人买单。故选A。
22．句意：在西方国家，当朋友们一起吃饭时，他们通常会分担费用。suggest建议；share分担；match匹配；raise举起。根据"This is called ‘going Dutch (均摊费用)' "可知，此处应指分担费用。故选B。
23．句意：而且，西方人结账时，通常会给服务员留一些钱。gatekeepers门卫；sellers卖者；waiters服务员；visitors参观者。根据"Good waiters can make a lot of money!"可知，此处指给服务员留一些钱。故选C。
24．句意：在美国，小费通常是账单的10%、15%或20%，这取决于服务的好坏。terrible糟糕的；common通常的；serious严肃的；unusual不寻常的。根据"In the US, it's … to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill"结合常识可知，在美国，小费通常是账单的10%、15%或20%。故选B。
25．句意：世界各地的人们吃东西的方式不一样，但你可以在许多国家找到同样的食物。invent发明；accept接受；prefer更喜欢；find发现。根据"you can … the same kinds of food in many countries"可知，此处应指在许多国家找到同样的食物。故选D。
【答案】26．A
27．A
28．C
29．B
30．D
【知识点】应用文；细节理解；推理判断；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了神奇的人工智能。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后从文中抓住相关语句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
26．细节理解题。根据文中"Cool driverless bus Apolong is a driverless bus."可知，Apolong是一款无人驾驶巴士。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文中"Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It's good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it!"可知，文中提到了Xiaoice是一个机器人，当你感到孤独，可以和它说话。它擅长唱歌、写诗和讲故事，你可以和它交朋友。文中并没有提到它可以和你出去玩。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据文中"It can work 24 hours without any mistakes."可知，这个AI主播可以工作24小时没有任何错误。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据文中"A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018."可知，这幅画在2018年卖了300万左右。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据文中"AI makes our lives easier and better. Let's see some amazing AIs."可知，这篇文章主要介绍了神奇的人工智能，可能来自一本科学杂志。故选D。
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．B
34．A
35．D
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同的动物有不同的睡觉方式以及其原因。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览文章大意，然后从文中抓住相关语句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
31．文章大意题。根据"Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping."可知，本文主要介绍了不同的动物的不同睡觉方式。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据"Elephants also sleep in a group, but they sleep in groups for protection."可知，大象聚在一起睡觉是为了保护自己。故选B。
33．文章结构题。根据"Sleep for humans almost always means there is a bed or a mat near here. Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping."可知，第一段提出了文章的主题——不同的生物有不同的睡觉方式；二至六段分别举例说明；结合"Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep."可知，最后一段总结全文。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据"Nocturnal animals sleep during the day. They wake up when the sun goes down."可知，这类动物白天睡觉，晚上活跃。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据"Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep."可知，人和动物都需要睡眠，但是不同的动物有不同的睡眠方式。故选D。
【答案】36．A
37．A
38．C
39．A
40．D
【知识点】说明文；天气与生活；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了天气预报的方法和一些民间的天气预测技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
36．细节理解题。根据"Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints" 可知，许多人从骨子里感受到潮湿天气的到来，这时关节就会疼。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据"This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. "可知，天气预报可以预测未来一两天的天气。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据"Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming"以及" If the stars twinkle (闪烁), then fine weather will continue."可知，一些鸟高飞或星星闪烁，那么好天气会持续。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据"If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine."可知，雨天看到彩虹是天气晴朗的标志。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据"people have studied the weather"以及"Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting."以及列举的自然界中的生物的一些反应。可知，我们需要通过研究天气、读懂自然界的标志、用我们的眼睛和大脑来判定天气预报。故选D。
【答案】41．F；42．A；43．B；44．G；45．C
【知识点】询问天气；表达态度
【解析】【分析】本文主要谈论了天气方面的话题。
A.I hope so, too.我也希望如此。
B.What's the weather like in winter here 这里冬天的天气怎么样？
C.Is that true 这是真的吗？
D.I don't think so.我不这么认为。
E.Thank you for your kindness.谢谢你的好意。
F.Yes, it's really a nice and bright day.是的，今天天气真好。
G.What about your hometown 你的家乡怎么样？
【点评】考查补全对话，首先理解选项意思，然后根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确选项。
41．根据"It is such a lovely day. I love sunshine (阳光)."结合备选选项可知，此处对其说的话表示肯定，因此F项"是的，今天天气晴朗。"符合语境。故选F。
42．根据"I hope it stays like this."结合备选选项可知，此处应对这种希望做出回应，应表示自己也希望，因此A项"我也希望如此。"符合语境。故选A。
43．根据"It's pretty cold and it often snows in winter."结合备选选项可知，该空应询问冬天的天气怎么样，因此B项"这里冬天的天气怎么样？"符合语境。故选B。
44．根据"A lot like the weather here."结合备选选项可知，此处应询问其余地方的冬天天气如何，因此G项"你的家乡呢？"符合语境。故选G。
45．根据"I heard it rained a lot."与"Well, yes. It often rains."结合备选选项可知，该空表示的是说话人的家乡经常下雨是否是真的，因此C项"真的是这样吗？"符合语境。故选C。
46．【答案】in；time
【知识点】汉译英；介词短语
【解析】【分析】根据中文句意提示可知，此处需填入表"及时"的短语，in time"及时"符合题意，在句中作状语。故填in；time。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配in time。
47．【答案】closed；down
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】空出缺少"关闭"的表达，应动词短语close down表示，结合"in the 1980s"可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式，故填closed；down。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配close down和根据关键词in the 1980s确定时态。
48．【答案】thought about
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据汉语意思可知此处缺少"考虑"的英语表达。"考虑"think about，根据前文"He always helped others"可知是一般过去时。故填thought about。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配think about，根据关键词helped确定时态。
49．【答案】Make；sure
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；“动词原形+宾语+其他成分”的祈使句
【解析】【分析】对比中英文可知，空格处缺少"一定要"的英文表达，可用make sure表示"确保"，本句是祈使句，使用动词原形即可，用于句首需大写首字母，故填Make；sure。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配make sure，理解祈使句的用法，注意句首首字母东西。
50．【答案】fell；off
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知从……摔下来fall off；根据"broke"可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填fell；off。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语提示确定固定搭配fall off，然后根据关键词broke确定时态。
【答案】51．a small fishing village
52．famous for
53．other places
54．lots of chances
55．work hard
【知识点】说明文；中国主要城市（家乡）地理概况
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲的是深圳从过去到现在的变化，而且深圳是一个充满机遇的大城市，很多人来这里实现自己的梦想。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先根据问题从文章抓住关键词句，然后注意句子拼写。
51．根据第一段中"However, 40 years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village."可知，四十年前，深圳还只是一个小渔村，此处应填a small fishing village"一个小渔村"。故填a small fishing village。
52．根据第二段中"After that, the city is famous for its high efficiency, which is called ‘Shenzhen speed (速度)'."可知，深圳以其高效率而闻名，这被称为"深圳速度"。故填famous for。
53．根据第三段中"About 65% of people in Shenzhen grow up in other places."可知，深圳大约65%的人来自其他地方。故填other places。
54．根据最后一段中"People work and live easily here, as Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances of getting a job."可知，人们在深圳工作和生活都很轻松，因为深圳是一个很好的城市，有很多机会找到工作。故填lots of chances。
55．根据最后一段中"But through their hard work, they live a good life now."可知，如果你努力工作，你会在深圳过上好日子。故填work hard。
【答案】56．(h)igh；57．(I)f；58．(s)hocked；59．(k)idding；60．(f)ollow；61．(a)gree；62．(a)lthough；63．(k)eep；64．(e)nd；65．(p)ossible
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了愚公移山的故事，通过故事告诉我们：凡事不尝试去实现它，永远都无法知道什么是可能的。【点评】考查单词拼写，首先浏览文章大意，然后根据前后句句意和首字母确定单词，最后结合语法确定单词正确形式。
56．句意：他和他的家人住在一个村子里，他家附近有两座又大又高的山。根据"there were two big and h…mountains near his house."和首字母提示可知，这里表示一座又大又高的山，high意为"高的"，形容词，修饰其后名词。故填(h)igh。
57．句意：如果他们想要到达山的另一边，他们需要花很长时间。根据"I…they wanted to get to the other side, they needed to spend a long time."和首字母提示可知，此处使用if，意为"如果"，引导条件状语从句。故(I)f。
58．句意：听到这个，他的家人都惊呆了。根据"One day, Yu Gong told his family that they must move the mountains to the other places."和首字母提示可知，愚公告诉家人必须把山搬到其他地方是件令人震惊的事。shocked意为"震惊的"，形容词作表语。故(s)hocked。
59．句意：他的一个儿子说："你在开玩笑吗？"根据"No, I'm serious and all of you must f…me."和首字母提示可知，家人认为他在开玩笑，kid意为"开玩笑"，are后跟动词的现在分词，构成现在进行时。故(k)idding。
60．句意：不，我是认真的，你们都必须听我的。根据"No, I'm serious"和首字母提示可知，愚公要求家人必须听他的。follow意为"听从"，must为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故(f)ollow。
61．句意：每个人都不得不同意他的观点，因为当时家里最年长的人是最重要的人。根据"because the oldest man in the family was the most important person at that time."和首字母提示可知，家里人都不得不同意他的观点，agree意为"同意"，have to后接动词原形。故(a)gree。
62．句意：但愚公说，虽然他很虚弱，快要死了，但他的家人可以继续移山。根据"But Yu Gong said a… he was weak and would die, his family could k… moving the mountains."和首字母提示可知，虽然他很虚弱但是会继续移山。前后两句存在让步关系，although意为"虽然"，引导让步状语从句。故(a)lthough。
63．句意：但愚公说，虽然他很虚弱，快要死了，但他的家人可以继续移山。根据"But Yu Gong said a… he was weak and would die, his family could k… moving the mountains."和首字母提示可知，虽然他很虚弱但是会继续移山。keep意为"继续"，could为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故(k)eep。
64．句意：最后，玉帝被愚公感动了，他派了两个神来帮助愚公移山。根据"a god was moved by Yu Gong"可知，此处使用in the end表示"最后"，介词短语。故(e)nd。
65．句意：这个故事告诉我们，除非你努力让它发生，否则你永远不会知道什么是可能的。根据"what's p… unless you try to make it happen."和首字母提示，只有努力让事情发生，才会知道什么是可能的。possible意为"可能的"，形容词作表语。故(p)ossible。
66．【答案】例文
How to Keep Safe
Hello, everyone,
Safety is very important for us. We should learn to protect ourselves. Here are some suggestions about how to keep safe.
Firstly, we must follow the traffic rules. Secondly, we should pay attention to the food safety. Be sure not to eat too much junk food. Thirdly, when we go upstairs or downstairs, we should keep to the right. Be careful while doing sports. Remember not to swim in the river by ourselves. What's more, we'd better make friends online carefully. If we get into trouble, we must keep calm and safe first and then call the police, the teachers or parents for help. In a word, as students, we must always keep safety in mind and value our lives.
That's all. Thank you.
【知识点】命题作文；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；说明文；生命安全
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，主要介绍怎样保持安全。时态是一般现在时，首先介绍安全的重要性和引出话题怎样保持安全；然后从食品安全、交通安全、活动安全和交友安全介绍怎样保持安全；最后总结。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。【点评】作文结构清晰，采用总分总的结构。开头点明安全的重要性，引出要介绍的安全建议；中间分别从四个方面详细阐述安全问题的对策，并给出遇险建议；结尾总结强调中学生要时刻牢记安全、珍惜生命，层次分明，逻辑连贯。针对性强，针对中学生这一特定群体，所列举的安全问题和建议都非常贴合他们的实际生活，具有很强的实用性和针对性，能够帮助中学生更好地应对生活中的安全问题。语言简洁，语言表达简洁明了，没有过多的修饰和冗长的句子，能够清晰准确地传达信息，符合发言稿的特点。词汇丰富：使用了follow the traffic rules、pay attention to、be sure not to、keep to the right、get into trouble、keep...in mind等短语，使表达更加丰富准确。句式多样，既有简单句如Safety is very important for us.，也有复合句如If we get into trouble, we must keep calm and safe first and then call the police, the teachers or parents for help.，增强了语言的节奏感。
1 / 1天津市和平区汉阳道中学2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题
1．（2024八上·和平期末）Joe, ________ unusual girl, is studying in ________ university in USA.
A．an; an B．a; a C．/; the D．an; a
【答案】D
【知识点】不定冠词a，an的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：Joe，一个不寻常的女孩，正在一所美国大学学习。a和an不定冠词，表泛指，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。第一个空表泛指，unusual以元音音素开头，用an修饰；第二个空泛指一所大学，university以辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故选D。
【点评】考查冠词辨析，首先识记a/an/the区别，然后根据关键词unusual和university确定冠词。
2．（2024八上·和平期末）Cambridge is ________ the east of England and it is ________ the River Cam.
A．on; in B．to; on C．in; on D．of; on
【答案】C
【知识点】方位介词on,above,below,over,under 的用法比较；方位介词into, onto, out of, off的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：剑桥位于英格兰东部，坐落在剑河上。on表示两地接壤，在……上；in表示两地相容；to表示两地相隔；of……的。根据事实可知，剑话桥属于英格兰东部，应用介词in；结合"it is...the River Cam"可知，此处指的是"在……上"，应用介词on，故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析，首先理解介词区别，然后理解句意。
3．（2024八上·和平期末）I think we will ________ them and we will ________ the basketball match.
A．beat;win B．win; beat C．beat;beat D．win;win
【答案】A
【知识点】及物动词
【解析】【分析】句意：我想我们会打败他们，我们会赢得这场篮球赛。win赢得（某场比赛）；beat打败（对手）。根据第一个空后"them"，可知，此处表示打败对手，所以第一个空填beat。根据"the basketball match"，可知，此处表示赢得比赛，所以第二个空填win，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，首先理解win和beat区别，然后根据关键词them和match确定答案，理解句意。
4．（2024八上·和平期末）—I was at the cinema at nine o'clock yesterday evening. What about you
—I ________ TV at home.
A．am watching B．was watching C．will watch D．watched
【答案】B
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——昨晚九点我在电影院里。你呢？——我正在家看电视。A现在进行时；B过去进行时；C一般将来时；D一般过去式。根据上文的过去具体时间at nine o'clock yesterday evening可知用过去进行时。结构为was/were doing，主语为I，故选B。
【点评】考查过去进行时，首先理解选项区别，然后根据关键词句at nine o'clock yesterday evening确定过去进行时，理解句意。
5．（2024八上·和平期末）The woman ________ two pairs of shoes to try on.
A．showed me B．showed for me C．showed to D．showed to me
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：这个女人给我拿了两双鞋让我试穿。show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb.给某人出示某物。show是及物动词，后面直接跟某人或某物作宾语。故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb.，理解句意。
6．（2024八上·和平期末）—The man in a black coat ________ be Mr Li. He likes the color black.
—It ________ be him. He's in the office now.
A．need; may not B．may; mustn't
C．should; needn't D．must; can't
【答案】D
【知识点】can, could表示可能性；must表示推测
【解析】【分析】句意：——穿黑色外套的那个人一定是李先生。他喜欢黑色。——不可能是他。他现在在办公室。need需要；may可能；should应该；must一定。根据"He likes the color black."可知，此处表示可能性极大的肯定推测，must"一定"符合句意。may not可能不；mustn't绝不；needn't不需要；can't不可能。根据"He's in the office now."可知，此处表示否定推测，can't"不可能"符合句意。故选D。
【分析】考查情态动词，首先理解情态动词区别，然后根据关键词句He's in the office now.确定答案，理解句意。
7．（2024八上·和平期末）Let's find out what else we can do ________ as many animals as possible.
A．to save B．save C．saving D．saved
【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：让我们看看我们还能做些什么来拯救尽可能多的动物。what else we can do在这里是find out的宾语，此处to save as many animals a spossible是动词不定式表示目的，save是动词，拯救。 故选A。
【分析】考查动词不定式，首先理解选项区别，然后根据句意确定不定式的用法。
8．（2024八上·和平期末）Can __________ answer this difficult question
A．anyone else B．someone else C．else anyone D．else someone
【答案】A
【知识点】表示某物的复合不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：还有人能回答这个难题吗？someone某人，常用于肯定句中；anyone任何人，常用于否定句或者疑问句中；else其他的。根据"Can ... answer this difficult question "可知，本句是疑问句，用anyone；形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词后面。故选A。
【点评】考查复合不定代词，首先理解someone和anyone区别，然后根据句子种类确定答案，理解复合不定代词+else。
9．（2024八上·和平期末）Li Jiankun was walking past the school gate ________ he saw a wallet ________ on the ground.
A．while; lie B．when; lying C．while; lying D．when; lay
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配；when引导的时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：李建坤路过校门时，看到地上有一个钱包。when/while都表示"当……时"，但 when 后面的动词可以是延续性动词或非延续性动词，而while 后面的动词必须是延续性动词。从句中saw是短暂性动词，所以第一空用when，排除A、C；see sb doing sth"看见某人正在做某事"；see sb do sth"看见某人做了某事"，lie"处于，保持（某种状态）"，现在分词是lying，过去式是lay，所以此处用lying。故选B。
【点评】考查连词辨析和固定搭配see...doing sth.，理解句意。
10．（2024八上·和平期末）Maria has trouble ________ the job and is still staying at home.
A．find B．to find C．finding D．finds
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：Maria找工作有困难，还待在家。动词短语have trouble doing sth.表示"做某事有困难"。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配have trouble doing sth.，理解句意。
11．（2024八上·和平期末）—Could you tell me more about Chinese ________, Mr Li
—Sure. For example, you'd better not ________ your hair cut during the Spring Festival month.
A．traditions; have B．services; to have
C．symbols; having D．areas; had
【答案】A
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——李先生，你能多告诉我一些中国的传统吗？——当然。例如，你最好不要在正月剪头发。traditions传统；services服务；symbols象征；areas区域。根据"your hair cut during the Spring Festival month"可知，正月不剪头是传统习俗；情态动词had better"最好"后接动词原形。故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析和情态动词，首先理解选项意思，然后根据关键词句your hair cut during the Spring Festival month确定名词，识记固定搭配had better not do sth.，理解句意。
12．（2024八上·和平期末）________ he is warm. ________ him with a coat.
A．To make sure; To cover B．Make sure; Cover
C．Making sure; Covering D．Made sure; Covered
【答案】B
【知识点】“动词原形+宾语+其他成分”的祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：确保他是暖和的。给他盖上外套。分析句子，两句均是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选B。
【点评】考查祈使句，首先理解选项区别，然后理解祈使句的语法，理解句意。
13．（2024八上·和平期末）If she __________ enough sleep, she ________ tired at school.
A．won't get; will feel B．won't get; feels
C．doesn't get; will feel D．doesn't get; feels
【答案】C
【知识点】if引导的条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果她睡眠不足，她在学校会感到疲倦。此句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态。主句是will+动词原形；从句用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，否定句要借助助动词does+not+动词原形。故选C。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，理解句意。
14．（2024八上·和平期末）—________ will the weather be like in Hainan in December
—It will ________ be warm.
A．How; probably B．What; may
C．How's; may D．What; probably
【答案】D
【知识点】程度副词；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——12月份海南的天气怎么样？——可能会很暖和吧。How怎样；What什么；probably可能地；may可以。第一空，根据"will the weather be like "可知，like是介词，因此用what做like的宾语；第二空，前面有情态动词will，用副词probably修饰，作状语。故选D。
【点评】考查特殊疑问句和副词辨析，首先识记提问天气的特殊疑问句，然后根据句意确定副词。
15．（2024八上·和平期末）—What are you going to do this weekend, Judy
—________. Do you have any plans
A．Pretty good B．Never mind C．No idea D．Me neither
【答案】C
【知识点】询问意向
【解析】【分析】句意：——Judy，你这个周末计划做什么呀？——不知道。你有什么计划啊 Pretty good很好；Never mind没关系；No idea不知道；Me neither我也没有。根据"Do you have any plans "可知，她不知道周末干什么。故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，首先理解选项区别，然后根据关键词句Do you have any plans 确定答案，理解句意。
（2024八上·和平期末）Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it's 16． to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China, it's OK to 17． a lot of noises in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn't noisy and 18． , you may think there's something wrong with it. However, in many Western countries, restaurants are 19． places. If people at the table talk too loud, other people who are eating there might be 20． with the restaurant.
Paying the bill (账单) is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for 21． . In Western countries, when friends eat together, they usually 22． the cost. This is called "going Dutch (均摊费用)". Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the 23． . This called "leaving a tip (小费)". Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it's 24． to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service is. Good waiters can make a lot of money!
The way people eat food is not the same in different parts of the world, but you can 25． the same kinds of food in many countries.
16．A．popular B．difficult C．important D．enjoyable
17．A．cause B．keep C．hear D．make
18．A．lively B．friendly C．lucky D．polite
19．A．noisy B．quiet C．busy D．clean
20．A．wrong B．natural C．unhappy D．interested
21．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．none
22．A．suggest B．share C．match D．raise
23．A．gatekeepers B．sellers C．waiters D．visitors
24．A．terrible B．common C．serious D．unusual
25．A．invent B．accept C．prefer D．find
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．A；19．B；20．C；21．A；22．B；23．C；24．B；25．D
【知识点】说明文；文化差异与文化自信
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中西方在用餐礼仪方面的差异。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
16．句意：当你去世界各地的餐馆吃饭时，知道什么是对的，什么是错的是很重要的。popular流行的；difficult困难的；important重要的；enjoyable令人愉快的。根据"know the right and wrong things to do"结合语境可知，此处应指知道什么是对的什么是错的很重要。故选C。
17．句意：例如，在中国，在餐馆里发出很大的噪音是可以的。cause导致；keep保持；hear听见；make制造。根据"a lot of noises"可知，此处应指制造很多噪音，make noises"发出噪音，制造噪音"。故选D。
18．句意：事实上，如果一家餐馆不吵不热闹，你可能会认为它有问题。lively充满活力的；friendly友好的；lucky幸运的；polite礼貌的。根据"if a restaurant isn't noisy and … , you may think there's something wrong with it."可知，此处应指如果发现一家餐馆不吵不热闹。故选A。
19．句意：然而，在许多西方国家，餐馆是安静的地方。noisy吵闹的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的；clean干净的。根据"However"可知，此处和前文形成对比，前文提到的餐馆是吵闹的，因此此处应指是安静的。故选B。
20．句意：如果餐桌上的人说话太大声，其他在那里吃饭的人可能会对这家餐馆不满意。wrong错误的；natural自然的；unhappy不开心的；interested感兴趣的。根据"If people at the table talk too loud, other people who are eating there might be … with the restaurant."可知，此处指如果有人说话太大声，其他人会对这家餐馆不满意。故选C。
21．句意：在中国，一个人通常为所有人买单。everybody所有人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；none没有人。根据"In China, one person usually pays for … ."结合常识可知，此处应指在中国一个人通常为所有人买单。故选A。
22．句意：在西方国家，当朋友们一起吃饭时，他们通常会分担费用。suggest建议；share分担；match匹配；raise举起。根据"This is called ‘going Dutch (均摊费用)' "可知，此处应指分担费用。故选B。
23．句意：而且，西方人结账时，通常会给服务员留一些钱。gatekeepers门卫；sellers卖者；waiters服务员；visitors参观者。根据"Good waiters can make a lot of money!"可知，此处指给服务员留一些钱。故选C。
24．句意：在美国，小费通常是账单的10%、15%或20%，这取决于服务的好坏。terrible糟糕的；common通常的；serious严肃的；unusual不寻常的。根据"In the US, it's … to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill"结合常识可知，在美国，小费通常是账单的10%、15%或20%。故选B。
25．句意：世界各地的人们吃东西的方式不一样，但你可以在许多国家找到同样的食物。invent发明；accept接受；prefer更喜欢；find发现。根据"you can … the same kinds of food in many countries"可知，此处应指在许多国家找到同样的食物。故选D。
（2024八上·和平期末）AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let's see some amazing AIs.
Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn't need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It's good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it!
World's first AI anchor (主播) See this picture! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But "he" is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world's first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. But it isn't a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. An AI artist painted it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15,000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world.
26．We can know that Apolong _________.
A．has no drivers in it B．opens the door by the passenger
C．has 24 seats in it D．stops when it sees a bus stop
27．Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT _________.
A．going out to play with you
B．talking with you if you feel lonely
C．being your friend
D．singing, writing poems and telling stories
28．The AI anchor _________.
A．looks like a woman B．can only speak English
C．can work 24 hours without mistakes D．is the first robot in the world
29．What can we know about the painting
A．Vincent Van Gogh painted it.
B．It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018.
C．The AI artist imitated it.
D．It is the most popular painting in the world.
30．This passage is probably from _________.
A．a travel guide B．a story book
C．a school report D．a science magazine
【答案】26．A
27．A
28．C
29．B
30．D
【知识点】应用文；细节理解；推理判断；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了神奇的人工智能。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后从文中抓住相关语句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
26．细节理解题。根据文中"Cool driverless bus Apolong is a driverless bus."可知，Apolong是一款无人驾驶巴士。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文中"Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It's good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it!"可知，文中提到了Xiaoice是一个机器人，当你感到孤独，可以和它说话。它擅长唱歌、写诗和讲故事，你可以和它交朋友。文中并没有提到它可以和你出去玩。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据文中"It can work 24 hours without any mistakes."可知，这个AI主播可以工作24小时没有任何错误。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据文中"A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018."可知，这幅画在2018年卖了300万左右。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据文中"AI makes our lives easier and better. Let's see some amazing AIs."可知，这篇文章主要介绍了神奇的人工智能，可能来自一本科学杂志。故选D。
（2024八上·和平期末）①Sleep for humans almost always means there is a bed or a mat near here. Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping.
②For warmth, some animals sleep in groups, such as lions, monkeys, penguins and so on. Elephants also sleep in a group, but they sleep in groups for protection. The larger elephants make a circle (圆圈) around the younger elephants. The larger elephants sleep standing up, while the younger ones lie down to sleep.
③Some animals sleep in trees. Birds will lock (锁) their feet onto a branch (树枝) to keep from falling out of the tree. Other animals, like squirrels, make nests (筑巢) in the trees to sleep in.
④Most animals look for dry places to sleep. However, ducks often sleep in water. So do sea otters. They hold hands when they sleep in groups to keep from floating away (漂走).
⑤Most animals lie down to sleep. However, some large animals, like horses, can sleep standing up. The flamingo sleeps standing on just one leg.
⑥Most animals sleep at night, but some animals are nocturnal. Nocturnal animals sleep during the day. Bats and owls are nocturnal animals. They wake up when the sun goes down.
⑦Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep.
31．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Animals sleep in many different ways.
B．Animals sleep in many different places.
C．Animals' sleeping hours are different.
D．Animals sleep at different times of night.
32．Why do elephants sleep in groups according to the passage
A．They sleep in groups for warmth.
B．They sleep in groups for protection.
C．They sleep in groups for food.
D．They sleep in groups for fun.
33．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
34．What does the word "nocturnal" mean in Paragraph 6
A．Active at night. B．With eyes wide open.
C．Sleeping at night. D．Standing sleep.
35．The last sentence "But, just like humans, every animal must sleep." means ________.
A．Only humans must sleep.
B．Not all humans need to sleep.
C．Some animals don't need to sleep.
D．Both animals and humans need to sleep.
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．B
34．A
35．D
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同的动物有不同的睡觉方式以及其原因。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览文章大意，然后从文中抓住相关语句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
31．文章大意题。根据"Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping."可知，本文主要介绍了不同的动物的不同睡觉方式。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据"Elephants also sleep in a group, but they sleep in groups for protection."可知，大象聚在一起睡觉是为了保护自己。故选B。
33．文章结构题。根据"Sleep for humans almost always means there is a bed or a mat near here. Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping."可知，第一段提出了文章的主题——不同的生物有不同的睡觉方式；二至六段分别举例说明；结合"Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep."可知，最后一段总结全文。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据"Nocturnal animals sleep during the day. They wake up when the sun goes down."可知，这类动物白天睡觉，晚上活跃。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据"Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep."可知，人和动物都需要睡眠，但是不同的动物有不同的睡眠方式。故选D。
（2024八上·和平期末）No one can change the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly, we can tell how the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints (关节). Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. It is probably because of the insects which they are hunting that they fly low. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁), then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
36．Many people feel joints pain _______.
A．because of coming rain B．because they are ill
C．without any reason D．because of the insects
37．Which is TRUE about weather forecasting
A．Weather forecasting is a way of telling about the weather on the following day or two.
B．Weather forecasting isn't a way of telling what the weather will be like.
C．People can change the weather.
D．Weather forecasting is a sign of coming rain.
38．If the birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly, the weather will ________.
A．be rainy B．be warm
C．continue to be clear and fine D．be cold
39．A rainbow during rainy weather is a sign of ________.
A．fine weather B．a rainy day C．fog D．bad weather
40．We must ________ to make weather forecasting.
A．use our eyes and brains B．study the weather
C．read the natural signs D．all of the above
【答案】36．A
37．A
38．C
39．A
40．D
【知识点】说明文；天气与生活；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了天气预报的方法和一些民间的天气预测技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
36．细节理解题。根据"Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints" 可知，许多人从骨子里感受到潮湿天气的到来，这时关节就会疼。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据"This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. "可知，天气预报可以预测未来一两天的天气。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据"Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming"以及" If the stars twinkle (闪烁), then fine weather will continue."可知，一些鸟高飞或星星闪烁，那么好天气会持续。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据"If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine."可知，雨天看到彩虹是天气晴朗的标志。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据"people have studied the weather"以及"Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting."以及列举的自然界中的生物的一些反应。可知，我们需要通过研究天气、读懂自然界的标志、用我们的眼睛和大脑来判定天气预报。故选D。
（2024八上·和平期末）根据对话内容，从下面选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整。(选项中有两项是多余的)
A: It is such a lovely day. I love sunshine (阳光).
B:　41． 　
A: I hope it stays like this.
B:　42． 　
A: Is the weather usually like this here
B: No. It's usually a bit hotter than today.
A:　43． 　
B: It's pretty cold and it often snows in winter.　44． 　
A: A lot like the weather here.
B: I heard it rained a lot.　45． 　
A: Well, yes. It often rains.
A. I hope so, too.
B. What's the weather like in winter here
C. Is that true
D. I don't think so.
E. Thank you for your kindness.
F. Yes, it's really a nice and bright day.
G. What about your hometown
【答案】41．F；42．A；43．B；44．G；45．C
【知识点】询问天气；表达态度
【解析】【分析】本文主要谈论了天气方面的话题。
A.I hope so, too.我也希望如此。
B.What's the weather like in winter here 这里冬天的天气怎么样？
C.Is that true 这是真的吗？
D.I don't think so.我不这么认为。
E.Thank you for your kindness.谢谢你的好意。
F.Yes, it's really a nice and bright day.是的，今天天气真好。
G.What about your hometown 你的家乡怎么样？
【点评】考查补全对话，首先理解选项意思，然后根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确选项。
41．根据"It is such a lovely day. I love sunshine (阳光)."结合备选选项可知，此处对其说的话表示肯定，因此F项"是的，今天天气晴朗。"符合语境。故选F。
42．根据"I hope it stays like this."结合备选选项可知，此处应对这种希望做出回应，应表示自己也希望，因此A项"我也希望如此。"符合语境。故选A。
43．根据"It's pretty cold and it often snows in winter."结合备选选项可知，该空应询问冬天的天气怎么样，因此B项"这里冬天的天气怎么样？"符合语境。故选B。
44．根据"A lot like the weather here."结合备选选项可知，此处应询问其余地方的冬天天气如何，因此G项"你的家乡呢？"符合语境。故选G。
45．根据"I heard it rained a lot."与"Well, yes. It often rains."结合备选选项可知，该空表示的是说话人的家乡经常下雨是否是真的，因此C项"真的是这样吗？"符合语境。故选C。
46．（2024八上·和平期末）别担心。我会及时赶回来做晚饭的。
Don't worry. I'll be back 　 　　 　 to cook dinner.
【答案】in；time
【知识点】汉译英；介词短语
【解析】【分析】根据中文句意提示可知，此处需填入表"及时"的短语，in time"及时"符合题意，在句中作状语。故填in；time。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配in time。
47．（2024八上·和平期末）当地政府在20世纪80年代关闭了这个地区的所有煤矿。
The local government 　 　　 　 all the local mines in this area in the 1980s.
【答案】closed；down
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】空出缺少"关闭"的表达，应动词短语close down表示，结合"in the 1980s"可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式，故填closed；down。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配close down和根据关键词in the 1980s确定时态。
48．（2024八上·和平期末）他总是帮助别人却从不为自己考虑。
He always helped others but never 　 　 himself.
【答案】thought about
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据汉语意思可知此处缺少"考虑"的英语表达。"考虑"think about，根据前文"He always helped others"可知是一般过去时。故填thought about。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配think about，根据关键词helped确定时态。
49．（2024八上·和平期末）在出门之前一定要把所有的灯关掉。
　 　　 　 you turn off the lights before you go out.
【答案】Make；sure
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；“动词原形+宾语+其他成分”的祈使句
【解析】【分析】对比中英文可知，空格处缺少"一定要"的英文表达，可用make sure表示"确保"，本句是祈使句，使用动词原形即可，用于句首需大写首字母，故填Make；sure。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意根据汉语提示确定固定搭配make sure，理解祈使句的用法，注意句首首字母东西。
50．（2024八上·和平期末）他从自行车上摔下来摔断了腿。
He 　 　　 　 his bike and broke his leg.
【答案】fell；off
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知从……摔下来fall off；根据"broke"可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填fell；off。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语提示确定固定搭配fall off，然后根据关键词broke确定时态。
（2024八上·和平期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
What would you say about Shenzhen Young, modern, exciting… these all seem to be the right words. However, 40 years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village. On Aug. 26, In 1980, it became China's first special economic zone (经济特区). Everything has changed since then. With its rapid development, Shenzhen has become one of China's biggest cities.
On Dec. 29, 1985, Shenzhen finished building the International Trade Center. It became China's tallest building at that time. The world was surprised at how quickly people built it. It took only three days to build one new floor. After that, the city is famous for its high efficiency (效率), which is called "Shenzhen speed (速度)".
It develops quickly, so people from all over China come to Shenzhen to make their dreams come true. About 65% of people in Shenzhen grow up in other places. But no one feels like an outsider. As the famous saying goes, "You become a Shenzhener if you come to Shenzhen."
A student called Zeng Jingxian says, "Shenzhen is a very friendly city for hard-working people. People in Shenzhen get along well with each other. People work and live easily here, as Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances of getting a job. In Shenzhen, many people started from nothing. But through their hard work, they live a good life now."
51．Shenzhen was just 　 　 forty years ago.
52．Shenzhen is 　 　 its "Shenzhen speed".
53．About 65% of people in Shenzhen are from 　 　.
54．Shenzhen is a great city with 　 　 to get a job.
55．If you 　 　, you will live a good life in Shenzhen.
【答案】51．a small fishing village
52．famous for
53．other places
54．lots of chances
55．work hard
【知识点】说明文；中国主要城市（家乡）地理概况
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲的是深圳从过去到现在的变化，而且深圳是一个充满机遇的大城市，很多人来这里实现自己的梦想。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先根据问题从文章抓住关键词句，然后注意句子拼写。
51．根据第一段中"However, 40 years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village."可知，四十年前，深圳还只是一个小渔村，此处应填a small fishing village"一个小渔村"。故填a small fishing village。
52．根据第二段中"After that, the city is famous for its high efficiency, which is called ‘Shenzhen speed (速度)'."可知，深圳以其高效率而闻名，这被称为"深圳速度"。故填famous for。
53．根据第三段中"About 65% of people in Shenzhen grow up in other places."可知，深圳大约65%的人来自其他地方。故填other places。
54．根据最后一段中"People work and live easily here, as Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances of getting a job."可知，人们在深圳工作和生活都很轻松，因为深圳是一个很好的城市，有很多机会找到工作。故填lots of chances。
55．根据最后一段中"But through their hard work, they live a good life now."可知，如果你努力工作，你会在深圳过上好日子。故填work hard。
（2024八上·和平期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Once upon a time, there was a very old man called Yu Gong. He lived with his family in a village and there were two big and h　56． 　 mountains near his house. I　57． 　 they wanted to get to the other side, they needed to spend a long time.
One day, Yu Gong told his family that they must move the mountains to the other places. Hearing this, everyone in his family was s　58． 　. One of his sons said, "Are you k　59． 　 " "No, I'm serious and all of you must f　60． 　 me." Everyone had to a　61． 　 with him because the oldest man in the family was the most important person at that time.
The next day everyone in Yu Gong's family started to dig (挖) the mountains. They put the stones and the earth into the sea. One day a man saw Yu Gong and his children digging the mountains. He told Yu Gong he would never finish it. But Yu Gong said a　62． 　 he was weak and would die, his family could k　63． 　 moving the mountains. Then they kept on digging day after day and year after year. In the e　64． 　 a god was moved by Yu Gong and he sent two gods to help Yu Gong move the mountains away.
The story tells us that you can never know what's p　65． 　 unless you try to make it happen.
【答案】56．(h)igh；57．(I)f；58．(s)hocked；59．(k)idding；60．(f)ollow；61．(a)gree；62．(a)lthough；63．(k)eep；64．(e)nd；65．(p)ossible
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了愚公移山的故事，通过故事告诉我们：凡事不尝试去实现它，永远都无法知道什么是可能的。【点评】考查单词拼写，首先浏览文章大意，然后根据前后句句意和首字母确定单词，最后结合语法确定单词正确形式。
56．句意：他和他的家人住在一个村子里，他家附近有两座又大又高的山。根据"there were two big and h…mountains near his house."和首字母提示可知，这里表示一座又大又高的山，high意为"高的"，形容词，修饰其后名词。故填(h)igh。
57．句意：如果他们想要到达山的另一边，他们需要花很长时间。根据"I…they wanted to get to the other side, they needed to spend a long time."和首字母提示可知，此处使用if，意为"如果"，引导条件状语从句。故(I)f。
58．句意：听到这个，他的家人都惊呆了。根据"One day, Yu Gong told his family that they must move the mountains to the other places."和首字母提示可知，愚公告诉家人必须把山搬到其他地方是件令人震惊的事。shocked意为"震惊的"，形容词作表语。故(s)hocked。
59．句意：他的一个儿子说："你在开玩笑吗？"根据"No, I'm serious and all of you must f…me."和首字母提示可知，家人认为他在开玩笑，kid意为"开玩笑"，are后跟动词的现在分词，构成现在进行时。故(k)idding。
60．句意：不，我是认真的，你们都必须听我的。根据"No, I'm serious"和首字母提示可知，愚公要求家人必须听他的。follow意为"听从"，must为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故(f)ollow。
61．句意：每个人都不得不同意他的观点，因为当时家里最年长的人是最重要的人。根据"because the oldest man in the family was the most important person at that time."和首字母提示可知，家里人都不得不同意他的观点，agree意为"同意"，have to后接动词原形。故(a)gree。
62．句意：但愚公说，虽然他很虚弱，快要死了，但他的家人可以继续移山。根据"But Yu Gong said a… he was weak and would die, his family could k… moving the mountains."和首字母提示可知，虽然他很虚弱但是会继续移山。前后两句存在让步关系，although意为"虽然"，引导让步状语从句。故(a)lthough。
63．句意：但愚公说，虽然他很虚弱，快要死了，但他的家人可以继续移山。根据"But Yu Gong said a… he was weak and would die, his family could k… moving the mountains."和首字母提示可知，虽然他很虚弱但是会继续移山。keep意为"继续"，could为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故(k)eep。
64．句意：最后，玉帝被愚公感动了，他派了两个神来帮助愚公移山。根据"a god was moved by Yu Gong"可知，此处使用in the end表示"最后"，介词短语。故(e)nd。
65．句意：这个故事告诉我们，除非你努力让它发生，否则你永远不会知道什么是可能的。根据"what's p… unless you try to make it happen."和首字母提示，只有努力让事情发生，才会知道什么是可能的。possible意为"可能的"，形容词作表语。故(p)ossible。
66．（2024八上·和平期末）安全对于每个人来说都很重要。作为中学生，我们可能遇到哪些安全问题？该怎样处理呢？校团委决定组织一次安全教育主题班会，请根据以下要点提示，以"How to Keep Safe"为题写一篇80词左右的英文发言稿。
中学生安全问题对策 一、交通安全；遵守交通规则。
二、食品安全；注意饮食安全。
三、活动安全；上下楼梯靠右行；体育锻炼要小心；不允许私自下河游泳。
四、交友安全；注意网络交友安全。
遇险建议 遇到危险要保持冷静，保证自身安全，然后及时报警或向家长、老师求助。
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【答案】例文
How to Keep Safe
Hello, everyone,
Safety is very important for us. We should learn to protect ourselves. Here are some suggestions about how to keep safe.
Firstly, we must follow the traffic rules. Secondly, we should pay attention to the food safety. Be sure not to eat too much junk food. Thirdly, when we go upstairs or downstairs, we should keep to the right. Be careful while doing sports. Remember not to swim in the river by ourselves. What's more, we'd better make friends online carefully. If we get into trouble, we must keep calm and safe first and then call the police, the teachers or parents for help. In a word, as students, we must always keep safety in mind and value our lives.
That's all. Thank you.
【知识点】命题作文；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；说明文；生命安全
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，主要介绍怎样保持安全。时态是一般现在时，首先介绍安全的重要性和引出话题怎样保持安全；然后从食品安全、交通安全、活动安全和交友安全介绍怎样保持安全；最后总结。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。【点评】作文结构清晰，采用总分总的结构。开头点明安全的重要性，引出要介绍的安全建议；中间分别从四个方面详细阐述安全问题的对策，并给出遇险建议；结尾总结强调中学生要时刻牢记安全、珍惜生命，层次分明，逻辑连贯。针对性强，针对中学生这一特定群体，所列举的安全问题和建议都非常贴合他们的实际生活，具有很强的实用性和针对性，能够帮助中学生更好地应对生活中的安全问题。语言简洁，语言表达简洁明了，没有过多的修饰和冗长的句子，能够清晰准确地传达信息，符合发言稿的特点。词汇丰富：使用了follow the traffic rules、pay attention to、be sure not to、keep to the right、get into trouble、keep...in mind等短语，使表达更加丰富准确。句式多样，既有简单句如Safety is very important for us.，也有复合句如If we get into trouble, we must keep calm and safe first and then call the police, the teachers or parents for help.，增强了语言的节奏感。
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