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必修第一册
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.____________ n.灾难；灾害
2.____________ n.旱灾；久旱
3.____________ vi.&vt.(slid，slid) (使)滑行；滑动
4.____________ n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没
5.volcanic eruption火山喷发　　
6.____________ n.&vt.营救；救援
7.____________ vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失
8.____________ vt.摧毁；毁灭
9.evacuate vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离
10.____________ n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避 (风雨或危险)
11.crack n.裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂
12.____________ n.气体；燃气；汽油
13.____________ n.砖；砖块
14.____________ n.金属
15.____________ vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱
16.____________ vt.埋葬；安葬
17.____________ n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
18.unify vi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体
19.____________ n.上下文；语境；背景
20.____________ n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt.供应；供给
21.tap vi.&vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
22.____________ n.管子；管道
23.whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)；呼啸声
24.____________ adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
25.____________ n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.(formal) 帮助；援助
26.____________ n.成套工具；成套设备
27.____________ vt.&vi.碰撞；撞击；(计算机)瘫痪 n.撞车；碰撞
28.____________ vt.&vi.(swept，swept) 打扫；清扫
29.____________ n.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手
30.____________ vi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击
31.____________ n.总结；概括；概要
一、单词拼写
1.The kitchen was well-stocked with a large s________ of fresh vegetables and fruit for the coming guests.
2.The brave firefighter risked his own life to r________ three children from the burning house yesterday.
3.Insurance companies often charge extra to cover floods，earthquakes，or other natural d________.
4.It s________ me that my friend’s odd behaviour probably arose from the stress from her new job.
5.Looking at the sun directly without sunglasses can do d________ to your eyes.
6.The sun has been glaring like that for a whole month. The lakes and wells all dried up during the d________.
7.It’s important to keep ________(镇静的) in an emergency； panicking will not solve any problems.
8.It almost drove me crazy when my computer ________(瘫痪) again.
9.Some parents are just so protective that they want to ________(保护) their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.
10.It was a real team ________(努力)—everyone contributed something to the success of the project.
11.You are supposed to guess the meaning of the word according to the ________(上下文).
12.I just couldn’t afford time to read the whole book，so I just went through a ________(概要) on the Internet.
13.He scored the winning goal just seconds before the final ________(哨声).The audience burst out cheering.
14.You can ________(滑动) your finger across the screen to unlock your phone.Let me show you.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.wise adj.英明的；有智慧的；有才智的→____________ n.智慧；才智
2.survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→__________ n.幸存；继续生存→survivor n.幸存者
3.die vi.死；死亡→____________ n.死；死亡→dead adj.死的；无生命的→deadly adj.非常有效的；致命的
4.____________ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affection n.钟爱；喜爱
5.shock vt.(使)震惊 n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克→shocking adj.令人震惊的→____________ adj.震惊的
6.____________ n.电；电能→electric adj.电动的；用电的→electrical adj.电的；与电有关的
7.____________ vt.&vi.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地；屏息地
8.revive vt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒→____________ n.振兴；复苏
9.____________ vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.痛苦；苦难
10.erupt vi.&vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→____________ n.(火山)爆发
11.power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→____________adj.强有力的；有势力的→powerless adj.无力的；无能为力的；无权力的
12.____________ n.突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.新兴的；处于发展初期的
13.deliver vt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→____________ n.递送；传达
14.length n.长；长度→long adj.长的→____________ vt.使延长；加长→lengthy adj. 漫长的；冗长的
15.percent n.百分之…… adj.&adv.每一百中→____________ n.百分比；百分率
二、单句语法填空
1.________(wise) is the ability to make sensible decisions and give good advice because of the experience and knowledge that one has.
2.The old man went through a lot of ________(suffer) in the old days.
3.The news that the athlete failed in the marathon due to a serious injury made us ________(shock).
4.Luckily，Tom survived the terrible car crash but he was the only ________(survive) of the accident.
5.With the government’s aid，those ________(affect) by the earthquake have moved to new shelters.
6.We measured the ________(long) of the living room and found it was 6.3 metres long.
7.I felt ________(power) as I watched the storm ravage our garden，uprooting trees and destroying flowers.
8.Natural disasters，such as typhoons，tsunamis and floods，cause thousands of ________(die) each year.
9.The organisation is conducting a survey on what ________(percent) of women return to work after having a baby.
10.Finally，I managed to reach the top of the mountain but I was ________(breath).However，the beautiful scenery was worth it.
11.Recently，there has been some ________(revive) of interest in ancient music.
12.You can pay for the carpet on/upon ________(deliver)，which is convenient and flexible.
13.The child ran into the road and ________(strike) by a car.
第二步：辨短语　　短语点兵(必会＋出彩)
必会短语
1.似乎；好像；仿佛_________________________________________
2.严重受损；破败不堪_______________________________________
3.震惊；吃惊________________________________________
4.露天；在户外________________________________________
5.急救箱 first aid kit
6.现有(尤指帮助)_________ _________________________________
7.消灭；彻底消除；扫除____________________________________________
出彩短语
1.come to an end 结束；终结
2.blow away 吹走
3.slide/steal/sneak into 偷偷溜进
4.stay away from 远离
5.come to one’s ________前来营救某人
6.shelter/protect...from... 保护……免受……
7.________ usual像往常一样
8.cut________ 抄近路穿过
9.dig out挖出；发现
10.get (back) up________ one’s feet重新站起来
11.in________ of在……的时候
12.make an effort/efforts to do sth努力做某事
13.pull away开始驶离
14.stay ________保持积极/乐观
15.be buried in埋头于……
16.crash into... 撞上；闯入……
e to ________上台；执政
18.calm down平静下来
19.have an effect ________... 对……产生影响
20.in all directions四面八方
21.out of gratitude出于感激
22.____________ 仅仅；只是
三、短语填空
1.We haven’t cleaned the house for a few days，because we don’t want to ________(扫除) good luck.
2.It is reported that an old couple has __________(挖出) a lot of gold coins in their own yard.
3.Whether their wedding ceremony will be held ______________(在户外) tomorrow depends on the weather.
4.The stadium and the gym lay __________(破败不堪) after the big fire caused by careless smoking.
5.Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of me. I was completely ____________(震惊)，not knowing what to do.
6.There was simply no bandage __________(现有). Let’s find a piece of cloth instead.
7.After the earthquake，Tangshan began to revive itself and ________________________(重新站起来).
8.To catch the bus，I __________(抄近路穿过) the field and rushed onto the main road.
9.A troop of soldiers and many volunteers ________________(前来营救我们) after the big flood hit our village.
10.The new president took a series of measures to develop the nation’s economy after he ____________(上台).
11.A friend is a person who you can lean on when you are ____________(在……的时候) trouble.
12.You’d better wear sunglasses to ________your eyes ________(保护……免受……) the glaring sun.
13.Global warming is ________________(对……产生重大影响) all the living creatures on the planet.
14.For miles and miles I could see __________(仅仅) a vast，empty land，with no green or souls in sight.
第三步：明句式　　句式提升(经典＋仿写)
1.[课文原句]Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得不能吃东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物内。
[句式]too...to...太……而不能……
[仿写]这辆自行车太重，他无法控制，尤其是当他在拥挤的城市街道上穿行时。
The bike is________________________，especially when he navigates through the crowded streets of the city.
2.[课文原句] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临!
[句式]as if (=as though)引导表语从句
[仿写]房子看起来好像就要倒塌了，它的窗户玻璃碎了，墙壁裂了。
The house looked ____________________________，its window glass shattered and walls cracked.
3.[课文原句] Thousands of children were left without parents.成千上万的孩子失去了父母。
[句式]leave复合结构
[仿写]地震发生后，很多宠物没了主人。
Lots of pets were __________________________after the earthquake.
4.[课文原句] I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我正和三个孩子一起吃早餐，这时水开始灌进我家里。
[句式]sb was doing sth when... 某人正在做某事，这时……
[仿写]我们正乘车行进着，这时轮胎爆了。
We ____________________we had a burst tyre.
5.[课文原句]The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries.
昨天，40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他4个国家6 500多人死亡。
[句式]现在分词短语作结果状语
[仿写]为了给国家赢得荣誉，即使在比赛中受伤，他也没有放弃，为其他人树立了一个好榜样。
To win an honour for his country，he didn’t give up even if he got injured in the race，________________________.
第四步：析语篇　　课文填空(改编＋考点)
Strange things had happened before the Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. At least one well had some 1.________(smell) gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2.________(eat). At about 3：00 a.m.，3.________ 28 July 1976，everything began to shake. 4.________ seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute，a large city lay in 5.________(ruin). Two thirds of the people were dead or 6.________(injure). Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were 7.________(shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last.
The army organised teams to dig out those 8.________ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 9.________(survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly，the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan 10.________(build) upon the earthquake ruins.
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思以及黑体短语的中文意思)
1.There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication，whether written，spoken，formal，or informal，if the message doesn’t come across clearly. _______________
2.Besides，working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students，many of whom have emotional control issues._______________
3. From a 21st-century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader._______________
4. Let your pen follow the waves of thought._______________
5. Data collection was a lengthy process._______________
6.The manager tapped the potential of social media to promote her products，resulting in a significant increase in customer engagement and sales._______________
7.I sent letters to everyone I knew，telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people._______________
8.Thanks to my English teacher who spares no effort to help me，I have made enormous progress in my spoken and written English._______________
9.The wind and rain did much damage to the palace，but the villagers just let it fall into ruin._______________
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.A few days later，the machine __________(deliver) to Mrs Meredith’s doorstep. And it wasn’t long before they got the hang of using the machine to make popcorn.
2.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees ________(suffer) the greatest water shortage.
3.Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the ________(long) of the runs.
4.__________(rescue) so many people from the burning building，the firefighter is considered to be one of the most respectable people in my mind.
Ⅲ.词汇与高考写作链接
1.赏词猜义(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思以及黑体短语的中文意思)
(1)She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food._______________
(2)In the context of this discussion，it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children.________________
(3)They remained on the terrace(露天平台) after dinner，enjoying the calm of the evening._______________
(4)As an old saying goes，“Strike the iron while it’s hot.” You’d better go over what you have learned as soon as possible._______________
(5)The disease affects many different organs of his body._______________
(6)When we visited the old family home，past sweet memories came flooding back._______________
2.完成句子
(1)As we can see，so many traffic jams__________________________(已经给……造成巨大的损害) our daily life，which calls for immediate attention and practical solutions.
(2)Life isn’t about ________________(如何挺过暴风雨)；it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
(3)The competition will ________you ________(给……提供……) a chance to develop your creativity and build friendships with other students who share the same interest with you.
(4)If I am granted the chance，I will ________________(尽我所能) to live up to your expectations.
(5)________________(被他的故事所影响)，many young people were inspired by his enthusiasm and________________________________________(自愿为弱势群体做一点事).
(6)She ____________________________(双手掩面) and ________________(痛哭起来) when she heard the bad news.I stood by，not knowing what to do.
(7)Whenever I look back on my first trip to the West Lake，the past scene crowds in on me so clearly ________________________(就像发生在昨天一样).
(8)It is evident that adversity makes man，and those who have ________________ ____________(经历过巨大困难) are more likely to undertake some tough assignments.
3.品词赏句
(1)Hearing the news that her friend was dead，she was so shocked that she couldn’t say a word，tears rolling down her cheeks.
听到她朋友去世的消息，她震惊得一句话也说不出来，眼泪顺着她的脸颊滚落下来。
(2)Tears swirling in his eyes，David raised his head，and looked at me as if he would say something，but lowered his head once again.
泪水在眼睛里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说些什么，但又低下了头。
(3)A little girl was walking on the beach when she found a shell，and held it to her ear.
一个小女孩正在沙滩上散步，这时她发现了一个贝壳，然后把它放在耳旁。
(4)It has to be noticed that our earth is suffering.It’s high time that we did something to protect it from being further damaged.
我们必须注意到，我们的地球正在遭受苦难。现在是我们该采取措施保护它免受进一步破坏的时候了。
4.语篇美文
广东省梅州市遭受严重水灾，损失惨重。假定你是校学生会主席李华，请你写一封倡议书呼吁同学们向灾区捐款、捐物，内容包括：
(1)倡议原因；(2)捐赠活动的意义。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[参考范文]
Dear fellow students，
A severe and unexpected flood struck Meizhou，Guangdong Province，causing great damage. Houses destroyed and property ruined，people in the flood-striken area are in desperate need of help.
Therefore，we feel it an obligation(义务，责任) to contribute what we can to help people in the flood-stricken area.Either your pocket money，your old clothes，or school supplies will do. The donated clothes can be made good use of，which corresponds with the environment-friendly policy. Besides，this donation can enhance our social responsibility and hopefully can also help release the mental suffering of the less fortunate.
Let’s take action and make a difference!
The Student Union
Unit 4　Natural Disasters
第一层　教材夯基提能
第一步：理词汇
Ⅰ.1.disaster　2.drought　3.slide　4.flood　6.rescue　7.damage
8.destroy　10.shelter　12.gas　13.brick　14.metal　15.trap
16.bury　17.effort　19.context　20.supply　22.pipe　24.calm
25.aid　26.kit　27.crash　28.sweep　29.wave　30.strike　31.summary
Ⅱ.1.wisdom　2.survival　3.death　4.affect　5.shocked　6.electricity
7.breathe　8.revival　9.suffer　10.eruption　11.powerful
12.emergency　13.delivery　14.lengthen　15.percentage
一、1.supply　2.rescue　3.disasters　4.struck　5.damage　6.drought
7.calm　8.crashed　9.shelter　10.effort　11.context
12.summary　13.whistle　14.slide
二、1.Wisdom　2.sufferings　3.shocked　4.survivor　5.affected
6.length　7.powerless　8.deaths　9.percentage　10.breathless　11.revival　12.delivery　13.was struck
第二步：辨短语
必会短语
1.as if　2.in ruins　3.in shock　4.in the open air　6.on hand
7.sweep away
出彩短语
5.rescue　7.as　8.across　10.on　11.times　14.positive　17.power
19.on　22.nothing but
三、1.sweep away　2.dug out　3.in the open air　4.in ruins　5.in shock　6.on hand　7.get back up on its feet　8.cut across　9.came to our rescue　10.came to power　11.in times of　12.shelter/protect； from　13.having a great effect/influence/impact
14.nothing but
第三步：明句式
1.too heavy for him to control　2.as if/though it was about to fall down
3.left without owners　4.were rolling along when
5.setting a good example for others
第四步：析语篇
1.smelly　2.to eat　3.on　4.It　5.ruins　6.injured　7.shocked
8.who　9.survivors　10.was built
第二层　高考拓展视角
Ⅰ.1.v.传递　2.adj.让人镇定的　3.adj.电池供电的　4.n. 浪潮
5.adj.漫长的　6.v.利用　7.大量涌入　8.不遗余力　9.(因缺乏照料而)败落
Ⅱ.1.was delivered　2.had suffered　3.length　4.Having rescued
Ⅲ.1.(1)n.住处　(2)n.背景　(3)n.安静,宁静　(4)v.打　(5)v.(疾病)侵袭；使感染　(6)(记忆或感情)突然涌现
2.(1)have done great damage to　(2)how to survive the storm
(3)supply/provide； with　(4)do everything in my power　(5)Affected by his story； volunteered to do a bit for the disadvantaged　(6)buried her face in her hands； sobbed bitterly　(7)as if/as though it happened yesterday　(8)gone through great hardships

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