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选择性必修第四册
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.equator n.___________
2.barbecue n. (abbr.BBQ) 户外烧烤；烤架
3.____________ n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的
4.butcher n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手
5.____________ adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相
6.hollow adj. 中空的；空心的
7.horn n. (乐器)号
8.pitch n. 音高
9.____________ adj. 坦率的；简单的
10.____________ n. 标语；口号
11.minister n. 部长；大臣；外交使节
12.____________ n. 蛙；青蛙
13.____________ n. 箭；箭头
14.____________ n. 适合度假的地方
15.____________ vi. & n. (dived/dove，dived) 潜水；跳水；俯冲
16.kayaking n.____________
17.____________ n. 领域；领土；范围
18.____________ vt.倡议；赞助；主办 n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者
19.____________ n. 自由
20.strait n.___________
21.____________ n. 样本；样品
22.monument n._________________________
23.bungee jumping ___________
24.pouch n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包
25.____________ adj. 暂时的；短暂的
26.phase n._________
27.____________ n. 树干
28.____________ n. 一场；一段时间；会议
29.____________ n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
30.mammal n.___________
31.____________ vi. 孵出；破壳 vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋
32.____________ n. 能力；容量
33.____________ n. 栅栏；围栏
34.____________ adj. 大；宏大的
一、单词拼写
1.Water s________ taken from streams were analysed for pollution by chemicals.
2.The Westerners prefer to express their ideas in a s__________ way while people from some Asian countries may wind a long way to the point.
3.Do you think it’s within his c________ to do the job without making a mess of it
4.The s________ of the Beijing Olympic Games was “One World，One Dream”.
5.The tree t________ is hollow inside and let’s see whether it can be carved into a boat.
6. The project is，as yet，only in its initial p________，but it looks quite encouraging and promising.
7.Eva said she was doing a ten-mile walk for charity and asked if I’d ________(赞助) her.
8.Physics used to be very much a male ________(领域)，but it is totally a different story today.
9.What surprised us was that the wedding was a very ________(宏大的) occasion.
10.I strongly advocate that we should make a ________(共同的；联合的) effort to contribute to the youth football progress.
11.The ________(纪念碑) standing in the centre of the square served as a reminder of the city’s rich history and the sacrifices made by its ancestors.
12.There was no other way out. He tried to escape by ________(俯冲) into a river.
13.The right to vote should be a ________(自由) enjoyed by all.
14.It should be made clear to the students that the whale is not a fish，but a ________(哺乳动物).
15.He was widely regarded as one of the world’s ________(最著名的) authorities on heart disease.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.________ adj. 符号的；图标的→icon n. 偶像；图符；图标
2.__________ n. 创建；基础；地基→found vt. 创建；建立→founder n. 创建者；创办者；发起人
3.__________ adj. 政治的→politician n. 从政者；政治家→politics n. 政治；政治观点
4.located adj. 位于→locate vt. 找出……的准确位置；确定……的准确地点→________ n. 位置；地点；地方
5.________ n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂→bake v. (在烤炉里)烘烤；焙→baker n. 面包(糕饼)师傅；面包店老板
6.________ vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利→title n. (书籍、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔
7.vibrate vt.&vi.(使)振动→________ n.振动
8.________ n. 自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj. 自由的；免费的；不含有害物的→freely adv. 自由地
9.__________ n. 分布；分配；分发→distribute vt. 分布；分配；分发
10.________ adj. 得到正式许可的→license vt. 批准；许可n. (=licence) 许可证；执照
11.________ n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequent adj. 经常发生的；频繁的→frequently adv. 经常地；频繁地
12.violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的→________ n. 暴力；暴行→violently adv. 凶狠地；猛烈地
13.biology n.生理；生物学→________ n. 生物学家→biological adj. 生物学的；生物的
14.prison n. 监狱；监禁→________ n. 囚犯；俘虏
二、单句语法填空
1.The author’s new book，________(title) Journeys of Discovery，explores the adventures of early explorers who mapped uncharted territories.
2.Many opinions and suggestions on __________(politics)，economic and social issues have been collected.
3.Fatal road accidents have decreased in __________(frequent) over recent years.
4.The success of the flight will lay the __________(found) for a series of future Chinese space projects.
5.More policemen were sent to help contain the __________(violent) in the street.
6.The best way to reduce the number of traffic accidents is to make all young drivers complete a safe driving education course before being __________(license) to drive.
7.Some love to cycle for fitness，some for environmental protection and others for the __________(free) of the open road.
8.There is an uneven __________(distribute) of wealth across the country from the north to the south.
9.The Sydney Opera House is one of the greatest __________(icon) sites in Australia.
10.Emma Teeling，a famous __________(biology)，was leading the study researching into a particular insect.
11.Our school is __________(locate) in a northern city of China，where you can taste many kinds of delicious food，because it is famous for its snacks.
12.The escaped __________(prison) got arrested immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.
第二步：辨短语　　短语点兵(必会＋出彩)
必会短语
1.prime minister________________________________________
2.高峰季节________________________________________
3.一群(羊或鸟)________________________________________
4.少数人(或物)；一把(的量)________________________________________
出彩短语
1.pick up 学会；捡起
2.do research on/into ... 做关于……的研究
3.come ________偶然遇见
4.refer to sth as ... 把某物称为……
sth is referred to as... 某物被称为……
5.major ________主修
6.lose ________with... 与……失去联系
7.on the one hand...；on the other hand...
一方面……；另一方面……
8.I am ________that... 我坚信……
9.not to ________更不必说
10.in summary/to sum up/all in all/in short 总之
11.find one’s way into... 进入……
12.hang on to/onto 不放弃；紧紧抓住；保留，保存
13.in the ________of... 为了……；为帮助(或取得)……
14.wrestle with 努力对付；全力解决；绞尽脑汁
15.be ________/situated in/near... 位于……/位于……附近
16.have a capacity to do sth 有做某事的能力
三、短语填空
1.It didn’t take me long to __________(学会) the basic knowledge of the language.
2.As I was walking through the town，I __________(偶然遇见) a group of street performers.
3.Robert dived into his pocket and took out ____________(一把) pennies.
4.There are ____________(一群) sheep eating the grass leisurely in the distance.
5.Generally speaking，people who work in offices are____________(被称为) “white-collar workers”.
6.According to the researchers，plastics have ________________(进入) our human body.
7.On the one hand，I think the price is fair，but ______________(另一方面)，I really can’t afford to spend that much money.
8.In this process，humans gradually ______________(与……失去联系) nature and even throw it off balance.
9.It’s better to let the learners ____________(努力对付) the materials on their own rather than offer assistance at the start.
10.____________(总之)，it is vital to promote core technologies since our country possesses such a great number of innovative young people.
11.I ______________(坚信) a new plan will be made to deal with rising prices.
12.The project you are experimenting with shall come to a halt(停止). Years have been wasted，____________(更不必说) that we are wasting a ton of money.
13.You should ____________(保留，保存) that painting—it might be valuable.
14.The government began to make laws against touching koalas，____________(为了……) animal protection as well as public safety.
第三步：明句式　　句式提升(经典＋仿写)
1.[课文原句]The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow. To play the didgeridoo，you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips.
迪吉里杜管是由一根中空的树枝制成的。吹奏迪吉里杜管时，你要把嘴放在一端，一边吹，一边振动嘴唇。
[句式]while引导的状语从句的省略
[仿写]在洗衣服的时候，她设法听完了她最喜欢的播客，这让家务活不那么单调了。
________________________________，she managed to catch up on her favourite podcast，making the chore less tedious.
2.[课文原句]Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。
[句式]过去分词短语作状语
[仿写]他埋头读书，忘记了时间，直到图书馆宣布闭馆时间。
__________________________，he lost track of time until the library announced its closing hours.
3.[课文原句]While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird，it’s really a primitive mammal，with a unique biology. 虽然它像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特征。
[句式]while引导让步状语从句
[仿写]虽然我同意你的观点，新政策有其优点，但我担心我们还没有完全解决的潜在缺点。
__________________________________________ that the new policy has its merits，I am concerned about the potential drawbacks that we haven’t fully addressed yet.
4.[课文原句]Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
[句式]“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
[仿写]植物的生长速度受到许多因素的影响，其中大多数是我们无法控制的。
The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors，______________are beyond our control.
5.[课文原句]It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在几乎一半的澳大利亚公民是在海外出生，或者他们的父母在海外出生。
[句式]It is said that...“据说……”
[仿写]据说我们的对手很厉害，所以从明天起我们队每天放学后都要训练以赢得比赛。
______________ our opponent is great，so our team will be trained every day after school from tomorrow to win the game.
6.[课文原句]I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
我尽力学习如何吹奏它，但尝试了几个小时后，我确信我永远也不能用这个乐器演奏出音乐来!
[句式]“疑问词＋to do” 结构
[仿写]他们的兴趣被激发了，然后我开始教他们如何泡茶。
With their interest sparked，I then began to teach them ______________________.
第四步：析语篇　　课文填空(改编＋考点)
Australia，1.________(locate) to the south of the equator，is often informally referred to as “down under”. There are some 2.________(icon) sites in the country，such as the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road. I went to Australia 3.________(visit) a friend there during the school holidays in Sydney. My friend brought me to taste 4.________(vary) kinds of food in the city and my first impressions of this country were its food varieties.
Then we 5.________(reach) Katherine，a town in Australia’s Northern Territory，to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines，6.________ are native to Australia. The Aborigines were 7.________ close contact with nature，which shows in their music. The didgeridoo is just such 8.________ musical instrument—a stick found on the ground. To learn this instrument，you have to master some techniques. Besides，Australia is home 9.________ a great number of unique animals，such as kangaroos，koalas and so on. After experiencing Australia，what impresses me most is the 10.________(complicate) mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation. I love Australians who make me feel at home—There is nothing like Australia.
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思以及黑体短语的中文意思)
1.Then，with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree，Ziyad began climbing._______________
2.When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest，she decided it was time to take the plunge._______________
3.Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.________________
4.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialise and is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic-like parts.________________
5.How much time and money would it cost to replace the contents of that little wallet The credit cards，the driver’s license，the cash，all lost to the bus.________________
6.But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined，from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.________________
7.The profits of this company took a dive last year._______________
8.In the opera，the violence of the heroine’s feelings impressed the audience deeply.________________
9.She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse._______________
10.Now，Beidou’s messaging capacity has been increased to 1，200 Chinese characters in a single message.________________
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Indeed，the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process，and yet a co-working space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also ________(provide) freedom from interruptions.
2.The internationally donated food __________(distribute) to the starving people just now.
3.During the rosy years of elementary school(小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，________allowed me to keep my high social status.
4.The ________(injure) player is now being taken good care of in the hospital.
5.While waiting for the opportunity to get ________(promote)，Henry did his best to perform his duty.
6.She took a ________(mouth) of food and then suddenly spat it out.
Ⅲ.词汇与高考写作链接
1.赏词猜义(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思以及黑体短语的中文意思)
(1)①Being unemployed entitles you to free medical treatment._______________
②Her latest novel，entitled The Forgotten City，is out this week._______________
(2)①Prices of goods are governed by the cost of the raw materials，as well as by the cost of production and distribution._______________
②The books will be distributed free to local schools._______________
③The map shows the distribution of this species across the world._______________
(3)①Ever since the injury，the joints in his legs have ached in the rainy weather._______________
②The project was a joint effort between the two schools._______________
③We had lunch at a hamburger joint and then went to see a movie._______________
(4)The article is easy to understand because it is written in straightforward language.___________
(5)The trunk is big enough to hold all my clothes._______________
(6)He has been diving into the history of Chinese literature._______________
2.完成句子
(1)Her early research lays ________________(为……奠定基础) many important medical discoveries.
(2)The moment the starting gun was fired，all the runners ________________________(像箭一样向前冲出去).
(3)There are colourful after-class activities in our school____________________________________(是为了开阔我们的眼界而设计的).
(4)The activity，________________(活动的主旨) is to draw our attention to environmental protection，raises our awareness of caring about nature.
(5)I had advised the kids that ____________________________(虽然动词可能看起来枯燥)，most of the fun things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
(6)______________________________(在欣赏这些画作的同时)，I was amazed at their rich diversity of themes，subtle painting techniques and creative presentation of their thoughts.
(7)________________(令人惊讶的是) a handful of people can recall almost every day of their lives in enormous detail.
3.品词赏句
(1)I called out for help，but my voice echoed back to me，hollow and empty.Despair was about to swallow me when there came a faint but familiar mew.
我大声呼救，但我的声音在我耳边回响，很空洞。绝望快要把我吞没了，这时传来一声微弱但熟悉的喵喵的叫声。
(2)After what seemed like centuries，I finally saw he showed up with his forehead sweating heavily.
仿佛过了几个世纪，我终于看到他满头大汗地出现了。
(3)Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too.
好感度不仅与积极的人生结果有关，而且还对这些结果负责。
(4)Located in the south of China，Hainan is an extremely beautiful coastal province，surrounded by plenty of trees and covered with green grass everywhere，attracting a lot of visitors from home and abroad.
海南位于中国的南部，是一个非常漂亮的沿海省份，到处都是绿树环绕，绿草如茵，吸引着许多来自国内外的游客。
4.语篇美文
假设你的英语老师在上课时让你们准备介绍中国的某个省份的旅游景点。你放暑假的时候准备去四川，因此你在网上查了一些资料。请根据下表提示和要求写一篇短文，与同学们分享。
省份 四川省
位置 中国的西南部，面积 486 000平方千米(square kilometres)
省会 成都
景点 有众多的名胜古迹，其中著名的有： (1)九寨沟风景名胜区(Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area)： 位于四川省西北部，以湖著称，湖水清澈见底。 (2)都江堰水利工程(the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project)，建于2 000多年前，至今仍发挥着作用。
特点 (1)气候宜人，交通便利。 (2)以各式各样的麻辣小吃闻名。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)文章要包括以上所有提示，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[参考范文]
Sichuan Province，whose vibrant capital city is Chengdu，lies in the southwest of China and covers an area of 486，000 square kilometres.
It is renowned for its numerous tourist attractions and many world-famous historical landmarks，among which Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area and the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project stand out. Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area is well-known for stunning lakes whose water is so clear that you can see the bottom of them. Another highlight is the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project，which was built over 2，000 years ago and this ancient water system is still playing an important part in irrigation today.
Sichuan boasts a pleasant climate and convenient transportation. This must-visit destination is also famous for its spicy and diverse snacks，which can make your trip even more enjoyable.
Unit 2　Iconic　Attractions
第一层　教材夯基提能
第一步：理词汇
Ⅰ.1.赤道　3.joint　5.premier　9.straightforward　10.slogan
12.frog　13.arrow　14.getaway　15.dive　16.划皮艇　17.domain
18.sponsor　19.liberty　20.海峡　21.sample　22.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹　23.蹦极跳　25.temporary　26.阶段；时期　27.trunk　28.session　29.nest　30.哺乳动物　31.hatch
32.capacity　33.fence　34.grand
Ⅱ.1.iconic　2.foundation　3.political　4.location　5.bakery
6.entitle　7.vibration　8.freedom　9.distribution　10.licensed　11.frequency　12.violence　13.biologist　14.prisoner
一、1.samples　2.straightforward　3.capacity　4.slogan　5.trunk
6.phase　7.sponsor　8.domain　9.grand　10.joint
11.monument　12.diving　13.liberty　14.mammal　15.premier
二、1.entitled　2.political　3.frequency　4.foundation(s)　5.violence
6.licensed　7.freedom　8.distribution　9.iconic　10.biologist
11.located　12.prisoner
第二步：辨短语
必会短语
1.首相；总理　2.peak season　3.a flock of　4.a handful of
出彩短语
3.across　5.in　6.contact　8.convinced　9.mention　13.interest(s)　15.located
三、1.pick up　2.came across　3.a handful of　4.a flock of　5.referred to as　6.found their way into　7.on the other hand　8.lose contact with　9.wrestle with　10.In summary/To sum up/All in all/In short
11.am convinced that　12.not to mention　13.hang onto/on to
14.in the interest(s) of
第三步：明句式
1.While doing the laundry/washing the clothes　2.Buried in his books　3.While I agree with you　4.most of which　5.It’s said that　6.how to make tea
第四步：析语篇
1.located　2.iconic　3.to visit　4.various　5.reached　6.who
7.in　8.a　9.to　plicated
第二层　高考拓展视角
Ⅰ.1.n.树干　2.搬出父母家　3.n.样本　4.adj. 简单的　5.n. 执照　6.n.一段时间　7.暴跌　8.n.强烈　9.n.基金会　10.n.能力
Ⅱ.1.providing　2.was distributed　3.which　4.injured　5.promoted
6.mouthful
Ⅲ.1.(1)①v.使享有权利　②v.命名为……　(2)①n.配送　②v.分发
③n.分布　(3)①n.关节　②adj.共同的　③汉堡包店　(4)adj.简单的；易懂的　(5)n.大衣箱　(6)钻研
2.(1)the foundation(s) for　(2)shot forward like an arrow
(3)that/which are designed to broaden our horizons　(4)the aim of which　(5)while verbs may seem dull　(6)While admiring those paintings　(7)It’s amazing that

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