资源简介

Period Three　Developing ideas
【课前自主探究】
Task One　Fast Reading
1.half empty　2. animal products　3.meat eater
4.restaurant　5.three healthy meals
Task Two　Careful Reading
1—4　BDAC
Task Three　Micro-writing
1.what　2.doors　3.who/that　4.to swing　5.saving
6.a　7.satisfying　8.convenient　9.supposes　10.of
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(2)belonging　(3)belongings　(4)belonged to his grandfather
2.(3)ended up apologising　(4)ended up with　(5)end up in　(6)ended up as
3.(3)①catch up on　②to catch up with　③was/got caught in　④be/get caught up in　⑤catch hold of
4.(3)satisfied; satisfying/satisfactory　(4)satisfaction
(5)were satisfied with　(6)Much to my satisfaction
5.(2)convenience　(3)inconvenient　(4)at your earliest convenience　(5)if it is convenient for you
6.(2)cutting　(3)resistant　(4)couldn’t resist taking a bite of
7.(3)adaptation　(4)to adapt to the new environment/surroundings abroad
8.(2)①学会　②(用车)接　③接收　④购买　⑤好转,恢复　⑥收拾, 整理　⑦捡起　(3)picked out　(4)picked himself up
句型透视
1.(1)too old to climb　(2)(only) too pleased to receive　(3)pay too much attention to
2.(2)greater　(3)better　(4)never read a more interesting bookPeriod Three　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.1.custom　2.attacks　3.functions　4.diet　5.trick　6.manners　7.swinging　8.tips　9.identified　10.handle
Ⅱ.1.reporting　2.incredibly　3.originally　4.satisfying
5.difference　6.construction　7.taking　8.addicted
9.slightly　10.belongings　11.convenience　12.related　13.adaptation
Ⅲ.1.brought up　2.in case　3.belonged to　4.pick up
5.catching up　6.end up　7.more or less　8.make the most of
Ⅳ.1.too nervous to walk
2.(that) you (should) pay a visit to Xi’an
3.nothing happier to me than receiving
4.No lifestyle;without
Ⅴ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了每天早上5点,当大多数人还在睡觉时,Mr Tay和他的团队就开始在厨房忙碌,准备、烹饪、打包食物,并将食物送到岛上各个地方。这一切始于邻居Lisa请求他收集蔬菜并分发给Bukit Ho Swee的贫困居民。
1.D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Day in and day out, Mr Tay and his team prepare, cook, pack and deliver the food to various parts of the island.”以及最后一段“He calls the volunteers of Willing Hearts the organization’s eyes and ears, as they are always on the lookout for the poor to lend a hand.”可知,Willing Hearts为穷人提供食物。故答案为D。
2.D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“They learn how to cook, interact with people from all walks of life, pick up different languages, gain greater knowledge about social issues, and most importantly, they will form a strong tie with one another.”可知,志愿者最大的收获是与人建立良好关系。故答案为D。
3.B　词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的“As a non-profit organization, Willing Hearts depends heavily on donations and food collections. However, this does not faze Mr Tay. He believes that you have to let things flow in gradually, and not be stopped by concerns which create an unnecessary amount of stress.”可知,尽管这个非营利组织主要依靠捐赠,但是Tay认为必须让事情逐渐发展,不要被那些制造不必要压力的担忧所阻止,由此可推断这件事不让他烦恼,因此推断faze的意思是“使烦恼”。故答案为B。
4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,根据文章最后一段的“As a non-profit organization, Willing Hearts depends heavily on donations and food collections. However, this does not faze Mr Tay. He believes that you have to let things flow in gradually, and not be stopped by concerns which create an unnecessary amount of stress. He calls the volunteers of Willing Hearts the organization’s eyes and ears, as they are always on the lookout for the poor to lend a hand.”可知,本文主要讲述了Willing Hearts作为一个非营利组织帮助穷人的故事。故答案为D。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现红肉、乳制品和其他产品中的一种化合物TVA可能有助于身体对抗癌症。
5.B　细节理解题。由第一段中“The compound, known as trans-vaccenic acid or TVA, seems to activate the T cells in your body, which help your immune (免疫) system protect you from disease.”可知,TVA在人体免疫系统中的作用是它激活T细胞对抗疾病。故选B项。
6.D　细节理解题。由第三段中“They then selected the metabolites for their abilities against cancer. After the top six compounds were chosen, scientists analyse their cancer-fighting abilities in human and mouse cells—TVA performed the best in fighting the development of cancer.”可知,科学家通过用人体和老鼠细胞测试了这些化合物的能力来证明六种化合物对癌症有疗效。故选D项。
7.C　推理判断题。由第一段中“Scientists at the University of Chicago have discovered that a compound (化合物) in red meat, dairy and other products might help your body fight against cancer.”和倒数第一段中“‘There is early data showing that other compounds from plants have the same cancer-fighting abilities, so we believe in the future there is a high possibility that nutrients from plants can do the same thing,’ Chen said.”以及倒数第二段中“There is a growing body of evidence about the negative health effects of consuming too much red meat and dairy…”可知,红肉、乳制品和其他产品中的一种化合物可能有助于你的身体对抗癌症,但不建议摄入过多;由此推知,科学家可能提出“摄入适量的红肉和牛奶”这样的意见。故选C项。
8.A　推理判断题。由最后一段“‘There is early data showing that other compounds from plants have the same cancer-fighting abilities, so we believe in the future there is a high possibility that nutrients from plants can do the same thing,’ Chen said.”可知,植物中的其他化合物也具有同样的抗癌能力,未来植物中的营养物质也很有可能会起到同样的抗癌作用;由此推知,Chen对他们植物研究的未来持积极态度。故选A项。Period Three　Developing ideas
Task One　Fast Reading
Task Two　Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
(　)1.Which of the four people is a vegetarian(素食者)
A.Ellie. 　　　　　　　B.Jenny.
C.Ted. D.Mike.
(　)2.What do Mike and Ellie have in common
A.They both have a big family.
B.They are both meat eaters.
C.They both eat fresh food at home.
D.They both don’t cook very often.
(　)3.What can we know from the text
A.If Ellie has time, she may change her lifestyle.
B.Jenny wants her children to choose their own lifestyles.
C.As a chef, Mike often cooks for his family.
D.Max’s mum asked him to clean up his fridge.
(　)4.What is the truth behind the saying “You are what you eat” according to the passage
A.Great anger hurts the mind, and more food hurts the body.
B.Food in your fridge may influence your character.
C.Diet can reflect a person’s lifestyle.
D.If you eat well, you can achieve more.
Task Three　Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
To test whether the saying “You are 1.　　　　　　 you eat” is true, we ask five people to open their fridge 2.　　　　　　(door) and talk about their lifestyles. They come from all walks of life and are of different ages. Ellie 3.　　　　　　 is 24 is a junior doctor. There is not enough room 4.　　　　　　(swing) a cat in her small apartment. Too tired to eat much, she often ends up 5.　　　　　　(save) part of her meal for the next day. Jenny is a teacher, and she likes cooking with her husband. Cooking together gives them 6.　　　　　　 chance to relax and catch up on each other’s days. As vegetarians, they don’t eat meat or dairy products. When Ted, a construction worker, is tired back home every day, there is nothing more 7.　　　　　　(satisfy) than a big meat dinner for him. Mike is a chef, but he likes ready meals, for he thinks they are 8.　　　　　　 (convenience). As a college student, Max lives in a shared student house. He is too busy studying and meeting friends, so he doesn’t buy fresh food, and he 9.　　　　　　 (suppose)the fridge could be kind 10.　　　　　　 cleaner. He daren’t let his mum know that.
1.belong to　属于
(教材P11) Can you guess which fridge belongs to which person 你能猜出哪个冰箱属于哪个人吗
　　　　　　　　　　　
(1)a sense of belonging 归属感
(2)belongings n. [pl.]所有物;财物
[温馨提示] belong to没有被动形式,也不用于进行时。其中,to为介词,后接名词、代词类短语,表示所归属的对象。
【活学活用】
(1)The earth belongs to the living.(Thomas Jefferson)
地球属于一切生物。(托马斯·杰斐逊)
(2)I quickly fit in with the new school and had a sense of　　　　　　(belong) there.
(3)Please bring your personal 　　　　　　(belong) with you before you leave the cable car.
(4)He told the two girls that the wallet 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, who had passed away several months before.
他告诉两个女孩这个钱包属于他几个月前去世的祖父。
2.end up　(尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
(教材P11) I often end up saving part of my meal for the next day.
我到头来经常把饭剩下一部分第二天再吃。
　　　　　　　　　
end up doing… 以做……而告终
end up with… 以……结束(常接表具体
事物的名词)
end up in… 以……结束(常接表抽象
概念的名词)
end up as… 最终成为……(常接表身
份、职位、头衔的名词)
[温馨提示] end up往往指意料之外的结果, 后面可以加v.-ing、介词短语或形容词等。
【活学活用】
(1)If you don’t know what you want, you might end up getting something you don’t want. 如果你不知道自己想要什么,到头来你可能得非所愿。
(2)There are those who end up homeless as a result of wars.
有些人因为战乱最终变得无家可归。
(3)At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
最初他拒不承担任何责任, 但最后他还是道了歉。
(4)The performance 　　　　　　　　　　a storm of applause from the crowd.
演出在观众的热烈掌声中结束。
(5)If you don’t change your mindset, you’ll 　　　　　　　　　　failure.
如果你不转变心态,你将以失败告终。
(6)After several years of hard work, she　　　　　　　　　　a successful writer.
几年的辛苦工作之后,她最终成为一位成功的作家。
3.catch up on　打听;了解(近况);叙旧;别后叙谈;补做;赶做
(教材P11) Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and catch up on each other’s days.
一起做饭给了我们一个放松和了解彼此日常的机会。
　　　　　　　　　
catch up with 赶上;追上;跟上;达到
(标准、水平等)
catch hold of 抓住;握住
be/get caught up in sth
被卷入/陷入某事
be/get caught in (a rain/storm/traffic jam etc.)
突然遭遇(降雨/暴风雨/交通堵塞等)
【活学活用】
(1)The ladies spent some time catching up on each other’s health and families.
女士们花了点时间叙旧,聊了聊彼此的健康和家庭状况。
(2)I stayed up late last night, and now I need to catch up on some sleep.
我昨天晚上熬夜到很晚,现在我需要补个觉。
(3)用catch相关短语的适当形式填空
①Let’s have coffee together and 　　　　　　　　old times.
②After missing a term through illness he had to work hard 　　　　　　　　　　the others.
③She 　　　　　　　　　　a thunderstorm halfway and worse still, her car broke down.
④I didn’t want to 　　　　　　　　　　endless arguments.
⑤When opportunities come, you should be able to 　　　　　　　　　　them.
4.satisfying　adj. 令人满意的,令人高兴的
(教材P12) When I get back home, there’s nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner.
当我回到家, 没有什么比一顿丰盛的肉食晚餐更令人满意的了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(1)satisfy vt. 使满意
(2)satisfied adj. 满意的
be satisfied with sb/sth 对……满意
(3)satisfaction n. 满意
(much) to one’s satisfaction 令某人(非常)满
意的是
with (great) satisfaction (非常)满意地
(4)satisfactory adj. 令人满意的
【活学活用】
(1)Satisfied with my achievements, the teacher nodded with satisfaction.
对我的成绩很满意,老师满意地点了点头。
(2)I hope to have a happier, more fruitful and satisfying life in my new school. 我希望在我的新学校过上更加快乐、充实和美满的生活。
(3)From the 　　　　　　smile on her face, we can see the performance was 　　　　　　. (satisfy)
(4)I decided on my career path, the one full of challenges and stress but also with more senses of 　　　　　　(satisfy) and pride.
(5)Though we made the kitchen messy, we 　　　　　　　　　　the supper we made together.
虽然我们把厨房弄得乱七八糟,但我们对一起做的晚餐很满意。
(6)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, my efforts finally pay off.
令我非常满意的是,我的努力最终得到了回报。
5.convenient　adj. 方便的,便利的
(教材P12) I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables, but ready meals are so convenient.
我知道我们应该吃更多的新鲜水果和蔬菜, 但是即食食品太方便了。
　　　　　　　　　　
(1)be convenient for sb
对某人来说方便
It is convenient for sb to do sth.
某人方便做某事。
(2)convenience n. 便利;方便;便利的事物(或设施)
at one’s convenience 在某人方便时
for (sb’s) convenience 为了(某人)方便起见
at your earliest convenience
尽早
(3)inconvenient adj. 不方便的
inconvenience n. 不方便
[温馨提示] 表示“对某人来说方便”不能说成sb is convenient, 而要说成it is convenient for sb。
【相关拓展】
有类似用法的形容词还有possible和necessary,这两个形容词一般不使用人充当主语。如:
It is possible for us to change our lifestyles by eating more healthily.
It is necessary for the exchange students to learn about foreign table manners.
【活学活用】
(1)I’d like to set up an appointment for next Tuesday. Will 11 о’clock be convenient for you
我想把预约定在下周二。11点钟对你来说方便吗
(2)For your　　　　　　(convenient), you can pay your bill by credit card.
(3)It is really 　　　　　　　　(convenient) for me to meet you at the airport, for I’m too busy today.
(4)I would appreciate it if you could send me some relevant information 　.
如果您能尽快发送给我一些相关信息,我将不胜感激。
(5)Please inform me of any change 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
如果您方便的话,有任何变化请通知我。
6.resist　v.忍住,按捺;抵制;反抗
(教材P14) The combination of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.
辣、咸、甜、酸的味道相结合使得宫保鸡丁让人难以抗拒。
　　　　　　　　　　
(1)resist doing sth 抵制/抗拒做某事
can’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事
(2)resistance n. 抵抗,反抗; 抵抗力
(3)resistant adj. 抵抗的;有抵抗力的;反对的
be resistant to sth 对某事物有抵抗力;抵制某事物
【活学活用】
(1)As a teacher, I strongly resisted putting students under more pressure.
作为一名老师,我强烈反对给学生施加更多压力。
(2)The bank strongly resisted 　　　　　　(cut) interest rates.
(3)It’s often the case that elderly people are 　　　　　　(resist) to change.
(4)I
the dish as it smelt so good.
我忍不住尝了一口那菜,因为它闻起来太香了。
7.adapt　v.(使)适应,(使)适合;改编,改写
(教材P14) What’s more, it is easy to make and can be adapted to individual tastes.
另外,它很容易制作,可以适应个人的口味。
　　　　　　　　　　
(1)adapt (oneself) to 使(自己)适应或适合
adapt…from… 根据……改写……;
……改编自……
(2)adaptation n. 适应;改编本,改写本
(3)adaptable adj. 能适应的, 适应性强的
【活学活用】
(1)Since I became a senior high school student, it has been three months, so I have gradually adapted myself to my life here.
自从我成为一名高中生以来,已经三个月了,所以我已经逐渐适应了这里的生活。
(2)The film is adapted from a novel of the same title. 该电影改编自一部同名小说。
(3)She chose to live with a host family, who can help her with 　　　　　　(adapt) to the new culture.
(4)It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him
　　　　　　　　　　　.
让他很难适应国外新环境的是文化,而不是语言。
8.pick up　捡起;(跌倒或被击倒后)慢慢站起来;(用车)接/取;(偶然)获得,学会;购买;接收(信号、声音、图像等);收拾,整理;好转,恢复;改善
(教材P14) So, don’t forget to pick up some chicken on your way home and try this recipe out!所以,别忘了在回家的路上买一些鸡肉,试试这个食谱!
　　　　　　　　　　
pick up bad habits 染上陋习
pick oneself up (跌倒后)站起来;振作
起来
pick out 挑选出;辨认出
pick sb’s pocket 扒窃
【活学活用】
(1)We students should gather at the school gate, and three buses will pick us up at 8:00.
我们学生应在学校门口集合,8点钟会有三辆公共汽车来接我们。
(2)一词多义
①The children picked up the local accent soon.
　　　　　
②I’ll pick you up in a car at seven o’clock.
　　　　　
③The radio picks up the signal from the FM station. 　　　　　
④I’ll pick up something for dinner on my way home. 　　　　　
⑤Having taken the pills, he started to pick up.
　　　　　
⑥She decided to start picking up the house from the top down. 　　　　　
⑦He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head. 　　　　　
(3)Mrs Green then 　　　　　　　　　　Linda’s paper and added,“Linda, I like your idea.”
然后格林太太挑选出琳达的论文,补充说:“琳达,我喜欢你的想法。”
(4)Tony 　　　　　　　　　　and set off along the track.
托尼慢慢站起来,沿道出发。
1.(教材P11)My fridge is usually half empty and I’m often too tired to eat much anyway. 我的冰箱通常是半空的,反正我也经常累得吃不下太多东西。
too…to…结构
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
“too…to…”结构多数情况下表否定意义,意为“太……而不能……”。如:
The book is too difficult for us to read.
这本书太难了,我们读不懂。
【相关拓展】
“too…to…”结构表肯定意义的情况:
(1)当too后接ready, eager, pleased, happy 等表示心情或者倾向性的形容词时。如:
I’m too eager to hear from you again.
我太渴望再次收到你的来信了。
(2)“too…to…”结构之前带有but, only, all时,强调肯定的意义,表示“非常……,十分……,实在……,真是太……”等。如:
I am only too pleased to be able to help you.
我很高兴能够帮助你。
(3)当“too…to…”结构与否定词never或not连用,构成双重否定时。如:
It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢,为时未晚。
(4)与cannot/can never连用时,表示“再……也不为过”。
You can never be too careful(=You can never be careful enough) to cross the road.
你过马路时再怎么小心也不为过。
【活学活用】
(1)I thought Grandpa was 　　　　　　　　　　onto the top of the hill, but somehow he eventually made it.
我以为爷爷年纪太大了爬不上山顶,但不知怎么地,他最终爬上去了。
(2)If you are interested in visiting our school, we shall be 　　　　　　　　　　　　you.
如果你有兴趣参观我们的学校,我们将非常乐于接待你。
(3)As a student, you cannot 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　your study.
作为学生,你再怎么关注学业都不为过。
2.(教材P12)…there’s nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner.
……没有什么比一顿丰盛的肉食晚餐更令人满意的了。
“否定词+形容词/副词比较级(+than)”表示最高级
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
否定代词nothing与形容词或副词的比较级连用,表达最高级的含义。有此用法的常用否定词还有:no, not, never等。
【活学活用】
(1)On hot summer days, nothing is better than going out for a walk at the seaside at night.
炎炎夏日,没有什么比夜晚在海边散步更惬意的了。
(2)At the award ceremony, Mr Jackson said, “For me, there has been no 　　　　　　(great) reward than your support.”
(3)Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a 　　　　　　(good) boss.
(4)I’m crazy about Harry Potter, because I’ve 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(否定词+比较级)
我对《哈利·波特》着迷,因为它是我读过的最有趣的书。Period Three　Developing ideas
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The 　　　　　　(风俗) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.
2.The poison　　　　　　 (攻击) his nervous system and causes him to suffer.
3.One of the　　　　　　(功能)of the software is to download movies from the Internet.
4.For breakfast, I have a preference for a 　　　　　(日常饮食) of milk and toast.
5.He used the old 　　　　　　(技巧) of attacking in order to defend himself.
6.Having proper 　　　　　　(礼貌) will help you leave a good impression on your boss and your co-workers.
7.He ran happily down the road, 　　　　　(摆动) his school bag as he went.
8.Would you please give me some t　　　　　 on how to live a healthy lifestyle
9.Scientists have i　　　　　　 a connection between diet and cancer.
10.She turned the h　　　　　　 and opened the door.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.We strongly recommend 　　　　　　(report) the incident to the police.
2.The waterways are 　　　　　　(incredible) peaceful with a wealth of wildlife.
3.A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is 　　　　　　(original) British.
4.A yoghurt with honey is really a tasty and　　　　　　(satisfy) treat in the summer.
5.They had a 　　　　　　(differ) of opinion about their child’s education.
6.The new bridge under 　　　　　　(construct), measuring twice as long as the old one, will be completed next month.
7.The homemade sausage smelt so good that she couldn’t resist　　　　　　 (take)a bite of it.
8.The American exchange student is　　　　(addict) to Chinese street snacks.
9.I’m　　　　　　 (slight) upset that the toast I made tastes bitter.
10.People slowly gathered their 　　　　　　(belong) and left the hall.
11.I hope you can take my tips into consideration and reply at your earliest 　　　　　　(convenient).
12.He suffers from memory loss 　　　　　(relate) to his disease.
13.Evolution occurs as a result of 　　　　　(adapt) to new environments.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.I will never forget the place where I was born and 　　　　　　　　(养育) no matter where I am now and where I will go.
2.Remember to bring some water and snacks 　　　　　　(以防万一) you feel thirsty or hungry.
3.Beadle was wearing the trainers which originally 　　　　　　　　(属于) Jake.
4.I went to the local market to 　　　　　　(购买) some chicken breasts for dinner.
5.The old friends spent some time 　　　　　　　　　(打听,别后叙谈) on each other’s health and families.
6.A junk food addict may　　　　　　　　 (最终) putting on weight.
7.Most people create avatars (虚拟形象) that look 　　　　　　　　(或多或少)like them and act like them.
8.I hope you can　　　　　　　　　　(充分利用) the opportunity and try your best to learn as much as possible.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1.She was 　　　　　　　　　　　　onto the stage. 她太紧张了,不敢走上台。
2.Since you are always keen on Chinese culture, I strongly recommend 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 既然你对中国文化很感兴趣,我强烈建议你去参观西安。
3.There is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　your letter.
再也没有比收到你的来信更让我开心的了。
4.　　　　　　　　 is healthy 　　　　　　any form of exercise. 没有任何形式的锻炼,生活方式就是不健康的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A [2024·山东省青岛市高一期末]
Every morning at 5 am when most people are asleep, a figure would be busy in the kitchen, cooking meals until the rest of the volunteers arrive. Day in and day out, Mr Tay and his team prepare, cook, pack and deliver the food to various parts of the island.
His journey started when one of his neighbours, Lisa, asked him to collect vegetables and give them away at Bukit Ho Swee, a poor and less-privileged neighbourhood, and thus, he continued to do so for a period of time. During one of these visits, his wife noticed that the elderly folk did not take the vegetables. Asked why, one replied that she could not cook, so she only ate the rice delivered to her. Mrs Tay then offered to cook for her, and that single meal sparked Willing Hearts, which has since served about 650,000 meals.
The soup kitchen sees many volunteers, some of whom are new, while others have been around since the organization’s early days. They learn how to cook, interact with people from all walks of life, pick up different languages, gain greater knowledge about social issues, and most importantly, they will form a strong tie with one another. Through Willing Hearts, Mr Tay hopes to make “the country’s backyard” known to the younger generation, to allow them to see and experience first-hand what goes on behind closed doors.
As a non-profit organization, Willing Hearts depends heavily on donations and food collections. However, this does not faze Mr Tay. He believes that you have to let things flow in gradually, and not be stopped by concerns which create an unnecessary amount of stress. He calls the volunteers of Willing Hearts the organization’s eyes and ears, as they are always on the lookout for the poor to lend a hand.
(　)1.What does Willing Hearts do
A.It collects vegetables.
B.It delivers rice to the poor.
C.It helps the elderly to cook.
D.It makes meals for the needy.
(　)2.What is the biggest harvest for volunteers
A.Cooking skills.
B.Learning languages.
C.Working experience.
D.Connecting with people.
(　)3.What does the underlined word “faze” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Satisfy. B.Trouble.
C.Hurt. D.Push.
(　)4.What is the text mainly about
A.Mr Tay and his wife.
B.Ways of helping others.
C.Importance of volunteering.
D.Stories behind Willing Hearts.
B [2024·重庆市七校高一期末]
Scientists at the University of Chicago have discovered that a compound (化合物) in red meat, dairy and other products might help your body fight against cancer. The compound, known as trans-vaccenic acid or TVA, seems to activate the T cells in your body, which help your immune (免疫) system protect you from disease.
TVA is found in the meat of animals such as cows, sheep and other animals, and their dairy products like milk, cheese, butter and cream. The study also finds that cancer patients who have higher levels of TVA in their blood had a better response to immunotherapy (免疫疗法). That discovery suggested to the researchers that TVA might be useful during cancer treatment.
To see that a single nutrient like TVA is so magical to strengthen the immune, the researchers started the research with a database of around 700 known metabolites, which are small molecules (小分子) that come from food. They then selected the metabolites for their abilities against cancer. After the top six compounds were chosen, scientists analyse their cancer-fighting abilities in human and mouse cells—TVA performed the best in fighting the development of cancer.
“It’s very difficult to understand the link between diet and human health because of the wide variety of foods people eat,” Jing Chen, a cancer researcher at the University of Chicago said. “By focusing on nutrients that can activate T cell responses, we found one that actually strengthens anti-cancer immunity by activating an important immune pathway.”
But—to the disappointment of many—the study authors didn’t advise people to eat more red meat and dairy. “There is a growing body of evidence about the negative health effects of consuming too much red meat and dairy,” Chen added, “so this study shouldn’t be taken as an excuse to eat more cheeseburgers and pizza.”
“There is early data showing that other compounds from plants have the same cancer-fighting abilities, so we believe in the future there is a high possibility that nutrients from plants can do the same thing,” Chen said.
(　)5.What role does TVA play in the body’s immune system
A.It prevents the function of immune cells.
B.It wakes up T cells to fight against diseases.
C.It increases the risk of cancer development.
D.It reduces the effect of immunotherapy.
(　)6.In what way did scientists prove the effect of six compounds against cancer
A.They conducted surveys among cancer patients.
B.They did experiments on animals to measure the effect.
C.They analysed the taste and flavour of different compounds.
D.They tested the compounds’ abilities using human and mouse cells.
(　)7.Which suggestion may come from the scientists in the study
A.Eat no red meat and milk.
B.Increase the intake of red meat and milk.
C.Take in suitable amount of red meat and milk.
D.Take cheeseburgers instead of red meat and milk.
(　)8.What’s Chen’s attitude towards the future of their study on plants
A.Positive.
B.Disappointed.
C.Doubtful.
D.Unclear.(共70张PPT)
Period Three
Developing ideas
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
Task One Fast Reading
half empty
animal products
meat eater
restaurant
three healthy
meals
Task Two Careful Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the
text.
( ) 1.Which of the four people is a vegetarian(素食者)
B
A.Ellie. B.Jenny. C.Ted. D.Mike.
( ) 2.What do Mike and Ellie have in common
D
A.They both have a big family.
B.They are both meat eaters.
C.They both eat fresh food at home.
D.They both don't cook very often.
( ) 3.What can we know from the text
A
A.If Ellie has time, she may change her lifestyle.
B.Jenny wants her children to choose their own lifestyles.
C.As a chef, Mike often cooks for his family.
D.Max's mum asked him to clean up his fridge.
( ) 4.What is the truth behind the saying “You are what you
eat” according to the passage
C
A.Great anger hurts the mind, and more food hurts the body.
B.Food in your fridge may influence your character.
C.Diet can reflect a person's lifestyle.
D.If you eat well, you can achieve more.
Task Three Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
To test whether the saying “You are 1._______ you eat” is
true, we ask five people to open their fridge 2.________(door) and
talk about their lifestyles. They come from all walks of life and are
of different ages. Ellie 3.____________ is 24 is a junior doctor. There
is not enough room 4.____________(swing) a cat in her small
apartment. Too tired to eat much, she often ends up
5._________(save) part of her meal for the next day.
what
doors
who/that
to swing
saving
Jenny is a teacher, and she likes cooking with her husband.
Cooking together gives them 6.___ chance to relax and catch up
on each other's days. As vegetarians, they don't eat meat or dairy
products. When Ted, a construction worker, is tired back home
every day, there is nothing more 7._____________(satisfy) than a big
meat dinner for him. Mike is a chef, but he likes ready meals, for
he thinks they are 8.______________ (convenience). As a college
student, Max lives in a shared student house. He is too busy
studying and meeting friends, so he doesn't buy fresh food, and
he 9._____________ (suppose)the fridge could be kind 10.____
cleaner. He daren't let his mum know that.
a
satisfying
convenient
supposes
of
1.belong to 属于
(教材P11) Can you guess which fridge belongs to which person
你能猜出哪个冰箱属于哪个人吗
(1)a sense of belonging 归属感
(2)belongings n. ［pl.］ 所有物;财物
［温馨提示］ belong to没有被动形式,也不用于进行时。其中,to为介词,后接
名词、代词类短语,表示所归属的对象。
【活学活用】
(1)The earth belongs to the living.(Thomas Jefferson)
地球属于一切生物。(托马斯·杰斐逊)
(2)I quickly fit in with the new school and had a sense
of______________(belong) there.
(3)Please bring your personal _______________(belong) with you
before you leave the cable car.
belonging
belongings
(4)He told the two girls that the wallet ___________________________
______________, who had passed away several months before.
他告诉两个女孩这个钱包属于他几个月前去世的祖父。
belonged to his grandfather
2.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
(教材P11) I often end up saving part of my meal for the next day.
我到头来经常把饭剩下一部分第二天再吃。
end up doing… 以做……而告终
end up with… 以……结束(常接表具体事物的名词)
end up in… 以……结束(常接表抽象概念的名词)
end up as… 最终成为……(常接表身份、职位、头衔的名词)
［温馨提示］ end up往往指意料之外的结果, 后面可以加v.-ing、介词短语
或形容词等。
【活学活用】
(1)If you don't know what you want, you might end up getting
something you don't want.
如果你不知道自己想要什么，到头来你可能得非所愿。
(2)There are those who end up homeless as a result of wars.
有些人因为战乱最终变得无家可归。
(3)At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he
____________________________.
最初他拒不承担任何责任, 但最后他还是道了歉。
ended up apologising
(4)The performance ___________________ a storm of applause from
the crowd.
演出在观众的热烈掌声中结束。
ended up with
(5)If you don't change your mindset, you'll ______________ failure.
如果你不转变心态，你将以失败告终。
end up in
(6)After several years of hard work, she_________________a
successful writer.
几年的辛苦工作之后,她最终成为一位成功的作家。
ended up as
3.catch up on 打听;了解(近况);叙旧;别后叙谈;补做；赶做
(教材P11) Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and catch
up on each other's days.
一起做饭给了我们一个放松和了解彼此日常的机会。
catch up with 赶上;追上;跟上;达到(标准、水平等)
catch hold of 抓住；握住
be/get caught up in sth 被卷入/陷入某事
be/get caught in (a rain/storm/traffic jam etc.)
突然遭遇(降雨/暴风雨/交通堵塞等)
【活学活用】
(1)The ladies spent some time catching up on each other's health
and families.
女士们花了点时间叙旧,聊了聊彼此的健康和家庭状况。
(2)I stayed up late last night, and now I need to catch up on
some sleep.
我昨天晚上熬夜到很晚，现在我需要补个觉。
(3)用catch相关短语的适当形式填空
①Let's have coffee together and ________________ old times.
②After missing a term through illness he had to work hard
______________________ the others.
③She ________________________ a thunderstorm halfway and worse
still, her car broke down.
④I didn't want to __________________________ endless arguments.
⑤When opportunities come, you should be able to
__________________ them.
catch up on
to catch up with
was/got caught in
be/get caught up in
catch hold of
4.satisfying adj. 令人满意的,令人高兴的
(教材P12) When I get back home, there's nothing more satisfying
than a big meat dinner.
当我回到家, 没有什么比一顿丰盛的肉食晚餐更令人满意的了。
(1)satisfy vt. 使满意
(2)satisfied adj. 满意的
be satisfied with sb/sth 对……满意
(3)satisfaction n. 满意
(much) to one's satisfaction 令某人(非常)满意的是
with (great) satisfaction (非常)满意地
(4)satisfactory adj. 令人满意的
【活学活用】
(1)Satisfied with my achievements, the teacher nodded with
satisfaction.
对我的成绩很满意,老师满意地点了点头。
(2)I hope to have a happier, more fruitful and satisfying life in my
new school. 我希望在我的新学校过上更加快乐、充实和美满的生活。
(3)From the ___________smile on her face, we can see the
performance was ___________________________. (satisfy)
satisfied
satisfying/satisfactory
(4)I decided on my career path, the one full of challenges and
stress but also with more senses of _______________ (satisfy) and
pride.
satisfaction
(5)Though we made the kitchen messy, we ________________________
the supper we made together.
虽然我们把厨房弄得乱七八糟，但我们对一起做的晚餐很满意。
were satisfied with
(6)_______________________________, my efforts finally pay off.
令我非常满意的是，我的努力最终得到了回报。
Much to my satisfaction
5.convenient adj. 方便的,便利的
(教材P12) I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables,
but ready meals are so convenient.
我知道我们应该吃更多的新鲜水果和蔬菜, 但是即食食品太方便了。
(1)be convenient for sb 对某人来说方便
It is convenient for sb to do sth. 某人方便做某事。
(2)convenience n. 便利;方便;便利的事物(或设施)
at one's convenience 在某人方便时
for (sb's) convenience 为了(某人)方便起见
at your earliest convenience 尽早
(3)inconvenient adj. 不方便的
inconvenience n. 不方便
［温馨提示］ 表示“对某人来说方便”不能说成sb is convenient, 而要说
成it is convenient for sb。
【相关拓展】
有类似用法的形容词还有possible和necessary,这两个形容词一般不使用人充
当主语。如:
It is possible for us to change our lifestyles by eating more
healthily.
It is necessary for the exchange students to learn about foreign
table manners.
【活学活用】
(1)I'd like to set up an appointment for next Tuesday. Will 11
о'clock be convenient foryou
我想把预约定在下周二。11点钟对你来说方便吗
(2)For your________________(convenient), you can pay your bill by
credit card.
(3)It is really _________________ (convenient) for me to meet you at
the airport, for I'm too busy today.
convenience
inconvenient
(4)I would appreciate it if you could send me some relevant
information ___________________________________.
如果您能尽快发送给我一些相关信息,我将不胜感激。
at your earliest convenience
(5)Please inform me of any change _______________________________
_____.
如果您方便的话，有任何变化请通知我。
if it is convenient for you
6.resist v.忍住,按捺;抵制;反抗
(教材P14) The combination of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours
makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.
辣、咸、甜、酸的味道相结合使得宫保鸡丁让人难以抗拒。
(1)resist doing sth 抵制/抗拒做某事
can't resist doing sth 忍不住做某事
(2)resistance n. 抵抗,反抗; 抵抗力
(3)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的；反对的
be resistant to sth 对某事物有抵抗力；抵制某事物
【活学活用】
(1)As a teacher, I strongly resisted putting students under more
pressure.
作为一名老师，我强烈反对给学生施加更多压力。
(2)The bank strongly resisted __________ (cut) interest rates.
(3)It's often the case that elderly people are ___________(resist) to
change.
cutting
resistant
(4)I ______________________________________the dish as it smelt so
good.
我忍不住尝了一口那菜，因为它闻起来太香了。
couldn't resist taking a bite of
7.adapt v.(使)适应,(使)适合;改编,改写
(教材P14) What's more, it is easy to make and can be adapted to
individual tastes.
另外,它很容易制作,可以适应个人的口味。
(1)adapt (oneself) to 使(自己)适应或适合
adapt…from… 根据……改写……;……改编自……
(2)adaptation n. 适应;改编本,改写本
(3)adaptable adj. 能适应的, 适应性强的
【活学活用】
(1)Since I became a senior high school student, it has been three
months, so I have gradually adapted myself to my life here.
自从我成为一名高中生以来，已经三个月了，所以我已经逐渐适应了这里的
生活。
(2)The film is adapted from a novel of the same title.
该电影改编自一部同名小说。
(3)She chose to live with a host family, who can help her with
______________ (adapt) to the new culture.
adaptation
(4)It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard
for him ____________________________________________________________
_________.
让他很难适应国外新环境的是文化,而不是语言。
to adapt to the new environment/surroundings abroad
8.pick up 捡起;(跌倒或被击倒后)慢慢站起来;(用车)接/取;(偶然)获得,学会;购
买;接收(信号、声音、图像等);收拾,整理;好转,恢复;改善
(教材P14) So, don't forget to pick up some chicken on your way
home and try this recipe out!
所以,别忘了在回家的路上买一些鸡肉,试试这个食谱!
pick up bad habits 染上陋习
pick oneself up (跌倒后)站起来；振作起来
pick out 挑选出;辨认出
pick sb's pocket 扒窃
【活学活用】
(1)We students should gather at the school gate, and three buses
will pick us up at 8:00.
我们学生应在学校门口集合，8点钟会有三辆公共汽车来接我们。
(2)一词多义
①The children picked up the local accent soon._______
②I'll pick you up in a car at seven o'clock.___________
③The radio picks up the signal from the FM station. _______
学会
(用车)接
接收
④I'll pick up something for dinner on my way home. _______
⑤Having taken the pills, he started to pick up.______________
⑥She decided to start picking up the house from the top down.
_____________
⑦He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his
head. _______
购买
好转，恢复
收拾, 整理
捡起
(3)Mrs Green then ______________ Linda's paper and added,“Linda,
I like your idea.”
然后格林太太挑选出琳达的论文，补充说:“琳达，我喜欢你的想法。”
picked out
(4)Tony _______________________ and set off along the track.
托尼慢慢站起来，沿道出发。
picked himself up
1.(教材P11)My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too
tired to eat much anyway. 我的冰箱通常是半空的,反正我也经常累得吃
不下太多东西。
句型公式
too…to…结构
【句式点拨】
“too…to…”结构多数情况下表否定意义,意为“太……而不能……”。如:
The book is too difficult for us to read. 这本书太难了,我们读不懂。
【相关拓展】
“too…to…”结构表肯定意义的情况:
(1)当too后接ready, eager, pleased, happy 等表示心情或者倾向性的形容
词时。如:
I'm too eager to hear from you again. 我太渴望再次收到你的来信了。
(2)“too…to…”结构之前带有but, only, all时,强调肯定的意义,表示“非
常……,十分……,实在……,真是太……”等。如:
I am only too pleased to be able to help you. 我很高兴能够帮助你。
(3)当“too…to…”结构与否定词never或not连用,构成双重否定时。如:
It is never too late to mend.
亡羊补牢，为时未晚。
(4)与cannot/can never连用时,表示“再……也不为过”。
You can never be too careful(=You can never be careful enough)
to cross the road.
你过马路时再怎么小心也不为过。
【活学活用】
(1)I thought Grandpa was ______________________ onto the top of
the hill, but somehow he eventually made it.
我以为爷爷年纪太大了爬不上山顶，但不知怎么地，他最终爬上去了。
too old to climb
(2)If you are interested in visiting our school, we shall be
____________________________________ you.
如果你有兴趣参观我们的学校,我们将非常乐于接待你。
(only) too pleased to receive
(3)As a student, you cannot __________________________________ your
study. 作为学生，你再怎么关注学业都不为过。
pay too much attention to
2.(教材P12)…there's nothing more satisfying than a big meat
dinner. ……没有什么比一顿丰盛的肉食晚餐更令人满意的了。
句型公式
“否定词+形容词/副词比较级(+than)”表示最高级
【句式点拨】
否定代词nothing与形容词或副词的比较级连用,表达最高级的含义。有此用法
的常用否定词还有:no, not, never等。
【活学活用】
(1)On hot summer days, nothing is better than going out for a
walk at the seaside at night.
炎炎夏日，没有什么比夜晚在海边散步更惬意的了。
(2)At the award ceremony, Mr Jackson said, “For me, there has
been no __________ (great) reward than your support.”
(3)Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a
_________ (good) boss.
greater
better
(4)I'm crazy about Harry Potter, because I've
_____________________________________________.(否定词+比较级)
我对《哈利·波特》着迷，因为它是我读过的最有趣的书。
never read a more interesting book
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.The __________(风俗) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back
centuries.
custom
2.The poison __________ (攻击) his nervous system and causes him
to suffer.
attacks
3.One of the ____________(功能)of the software is to download
movies from the Internet.
functions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.For breakfast, I have a preference for a ______(日常饮食) of milk
and toast.
diet
5.He used the old _______ (技巧) of attacking in order to defend
himself.
trick
6.Having proper ____________(礼貌) will help you leave a good
impression on your boss and your co-workers.
manners
7.He ran happily down the road, ____________ (摆动) his school bag
as he went.
swinging
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10
8.Would you please give me some t_____ on how to live a healthy
lifestyle
ips
9.Scientists have i____________ a connection between diet and
cancer.
dentified
10.She turned the h________ and opened the door.
andle
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Ⅱ 单句填空
1.We strongly recommend _____________(report) the incident to the
police.
reporting
2.The waterways are _____________ (incredible) peaceful with a
wealth of wildlife.
incredibly
3.A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is
____________ (original) British.
originally
4.A yoghurt with honey is really a tasty and_____________(satisfy)
treat in the summer.
satisfying
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5.They had a _____________ (differ) of opinion about their child's
education.
difference
6.The new bridge under ________________(construct), measuring
twice as long as the old one, will be completed next month.
construction
7.The homemade sausage smelt so good that she couldn't
resist _________ (take)a bite of it.
taking
8.The American exchange student is____________(addict) to Chinese
street snacks.
addicted
9.I'm__________ (slight) upset that the toast I made tastes bitter.
slightly
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10.People slowly gathered their _______________ (belong) and left
the hall.
belongings
11.I hope you can take my tips into consideration and reply at
your earliest ________________(convenient).
convenience
12.He suffers from memory loss __________ (relate) to his disease.
related
13.Evolution occurs as a result of ______________ (adapt) to new
environments.
adaptation
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Ⅲ 短语填空
1.I will never forget the place where I was born and
_______________ (养育) no matter where I am now and where I will
go.
brought up
2.Remember to bring some water and snacks __________ (以防万一)
you feel thirsty or hungry.
in case
3.Beadle was wearing the trainers which originally ________________
(属于) Jake.
belonged to
4.I went to the local market to ___________ (购买) some chicken
breasts for dinner.
pick up
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5.The old friends spent some time ________________ (打听,别后叙谈)
on each other's health and families.
catching up
6.A junk food addict may__________ (最终) putting on weight.
end up
7.Most people create avatars (虚拟形象) that look _________________
(或多或少)like them and act like them.
more or less
8.I hope you can_______________________(充分利用) the opportunity
and try your best to learn as much as possible.
make the most of
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Ⅳ 句型训练
1.She was __________________________ onto the stage.
她太紧张了，不敢走上台。
2.Since you are always keen on Chinese culture, I strongly
recommend ________________________________________________.
既然你对中国文化很感兴趣，我强烈建议你去参观西安。
3.There is _______________________________________________ your
letter. 再也没有比收到你的来信更让我开心的了。
4._______________ is healthy ___________ any form of exercise.
没有任何形式的锻炼，生活方式就是不健康的。
too nervous to walk
(that) you (should) pay a visit to Xi'an
nothing happier to me than receiving
No lifestyle
without
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Ⅴ 阅读理解
A[2024·山东省青岛市高一期末]
Every morning at 5 am when most people are asleep, a figure
would be busy in the kitchen, cooking meals until the rest of the
volunteers arrive. Day in and day out, Mr Tay and his team prepare,
cook, pack and deliver the food to various parts of the island.
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His journey started when one of his neighbours, Lisa, asked
him to collect vegetables and give them away at Bukit Ho Swee, a
poor and less-privileged neighbourhood, and thus, he continued to
do so for a period of time. During one of these visits, his wife
noticed that the elderly folk did not take the vegetables. Asked
why, one replied that she could not cook, so she only ate the rice
delivered to her. Mrs Tay then offered to cook for her, and that
single meal sparked Willing Hearts, which has since served about
650,000 meals.
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The soup kitchen sees many volunteers, some of whom are
new, while others have been around since the organization's early
days. They learn how to cook, interact with people from all walks
of life, pick up different languages, gain greater knowledge about
social issues, and most importantly, they will form a strong tie with
one another. Through Willing Hearts, Mr Tay hopes to make “the
country's backyard” known to the younger generation, to allow
them to see and experience first-hand what goes on behind closed
doors.
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As a non-profit organization, Willing Hearts depends heavily on
donations and food collections. However, this does not faze Mr Tay.
He believes that you have to let things flow in gradually, and not
be stopped by concerns which create an unnecessary amount of
stress. He calls the volunteers of Willing Hearts the organization's
eyes and ears, as they are always on the lookout for the poor to
lend a hand.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了每天早上5点，当大多数人
还在睡觉时，Mr Tay和他的团队就开始在厨房忙碌，准备、烹饪、打包食物，
并将食物送到岛上各个地方。这一切始于邻居Lisa请求他收集蔬菜并分发给
Bukit Ho Swee的贫困居民。
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( ) 1.What does Willing Hearts do
D
A.It collects vegetables.
B.It delivers rice to the poor.
C.It helps the elderly to cook.
D.It makes meals for the needy.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Day in and day out, Mr Tay and
his team prepare, cook, pack and deliver the food to various parts
of the island.”以及最后一段“He calls the volunteers of Willing
Hearts the organization's eyes and ears, as they are always on the
lookout for the poor to lend a hand.”可知，Willing Hearts为穷人提
供食物。故答案为D。
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( ) 2.What is the biggest harvest for volunteers
D
A.Cooking skills. B.Learning languages.
C.Working experience. D.Connecting with people.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“They learn how to cook,
interact with people from all walks of life, pick up different
languages, gain greater knowledge about social issues, and most
importantly, they will form a strong tie with one another.”可知，志
愿者最大的收获是与人建立良好关系。故答案为D。
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( ) 3.What does the underlined word “faze” in Paragraph 4
mean
B
A.Satisfy. B.Trouble. C.Hurt. D.Push.
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的“As a non-profit organization,
Willing Hearts depends heavily on donations and food collections.
However, this does not faze Mr Tay. He believes that you have to
let things flow in gradually, and not be stopped by concerns which
create an unnecessary amount of stress.”可知，尽管这个非营利组织主
要依靠捐赠，但是Tay认为必须让事情逐渐发展，不要被那些制造不必要压力
的担忧所阻止，由此可推断这件事不让他烦恼，因此推断faze的意思是“使烦
恼”。故答案为B。
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( ) 4.What is the text mainly about
D
A.Mr Tay and his wife. B.Ways of helping others.
C.Importance of volunteering. D.Stories behind Willing Hearts.
[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据文章最后一段的“As a non-profit
organization, Willing Hearts depends heavily on donations and
food collections. However, this does not faze Mr Tay. He believes
that you have to let things flow in gradually, and not be stopped
by concerns which create an unnecessary amount of stress. He
calls the volunteers of Willing Hearts the organization's eyes and
ears, as they are always on the lookout for the poor to lend a
hand.”可知，本文主要讲述了Willing Hearts作为一个非营利组织帮助穷人
的故事。故答案为D。
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B[2024·重庆市七校高一期末]
Scientists at the University of Chicago have discovered that a
compound (化合物) in red meat, dairy and other products might
help your body fight against cancer. The compound, known as
trans-vaccenic acid or TVA, seems to activate the T cells in your
body, which help your immune (免疫) system protect you from
disease.
TVA is found in the meat of animals such as cows, sheep and
other animals, and their dairy products like milk, cheese, butter
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and cream. The study also finds that cancer patients who have
higher levels of TVA in their blood had a better response to
immunotherapy (免疫疗法). That discovery suggested to the
researchers that TVA might be useful during cancer treatment.
To see that a single nutrient like TVA is so magical to
strengthen the immune, the researchers started the research with a
database of around 700 known metabolites, which are small
molecules (小分子) that come from food. They then selected the
metabolites for their abilities against cancer.
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After the top six compounds were chosen, scientists analyse their
cancer-fighting abilities in human and mouse cells—TVA performed
the best in fighting the development of cancer.
“It's very difficult to understand the link between diet and
human health because of the wide variety of foods people eat,”
Jing Chen, a cancer researcher at the University of Chicago said.
“By focusing on nutrients that can activate T cell responses, we
found one that actually strengthens anti-cancer immunity by
activating an important immune pathway.”
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But—to the disappointment of many—the study authors didn't
advise people to eat more red meat and dairy. “There is a
growing body of evidence about the negative health effects of
consuming too much red meat and dairy,” Chen added, “so this
study shouldn't be taken as an excuse to eat more cheeseburgers
and pizza.”
“There is early data showing that other compounds from
plants have the same cancer-fighting abilities, so we believe in the
future there is a high possibility that nutrients from plants can do
the same thing,” Chen said.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现红肉、乳制品和其他
产品中的一种化合物TVA可能有助于身体对抗癌症。
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( ) 5.What role does TVA play in the body's immune system
B
A.It prevents the function of immune cells.
B.It wakes up T cells to fight against diseases.
C.It increases the risk of cancer development.
D.It reduces the effect of immunotherapy.
[解析] 细节理解题。由第一段中“The compound, known as trans-
vaccenic acid or TVA, seems to activate the T cells in your body,
which help your immune (免疫) system protect you from disease.”
可知，TVA在人体免疫系统中的作用是它激活T细胞对抗疾病。故选B项。
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( ) 6.In what way did scientists prove the effect of six
compounds against cancer
D
A.They conducted surveys among cancer patients.
B.They did experiments on animals to measure the effect.
C.They analysed the taste and flavour of different compounds.
D.They tested the compounds' abilities using human and mouse
cells.
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[解析] 细节理解题。由第三段中“They then selected the metabolites
for their abilities against cancer. After the top six compounds were
chosen, scientists analyse their cancer-fighting abilities in human
and mouse cells—TVA performed the best in fighting the
development of cancer.”可知，科学家通过用人体和老鼠细胞测试了这些
化合物的能力来证明六种化合物对癌症有疗效。故选D项。
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( ) 7.Which suggestion may come from the scientists in the
study
C
A.Eat no red meat and milk.
B.Increase the intake of red meat and milk.
C.Take in suitable amount of red meat and milk.
D.Take cheeseburgers instead of red meat and milk.
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[解析] 推理判断题。由第一段中“Scientists at the University of
Chicago have discovered that a compound (化合物) in red meat,
dairy and other products might help your body fight against
cancer.”和倒数第一段中“‘There is early data showing that other
compounds from plants have the same cancer-fighting abilities, so
we believe in the future there is a high possibility that nutrients
from plants can do the same thing,’ Chen said.”以及倒数第二段中
“There is a growing body of evidence about the negative health
effects of consuming too much red meat and dairy…”可知，红肉、
乳制品和其他产品中的一种化合物可能有助于你的身体对抗癌症，但不建议摄
入过多；由此推知，科学家可能提出“摄入适量的红肉和牛奶”这样的意见。
故选C项。
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( ) 8.What's Chen's attitude towards the future of their study
on plants
A
A.Positive. B.Disappointed. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.
[解析] 推理判断题。由最后一段“‘There is early data showing that
other compounds from plants have the same cancer-fighting
abilities, so we believe in the future there is a high possibility that
nutrients from plants can do the same thing,’ Chen said.”可知，植
物中的其他化合物也具有同样的抗癌能力，未来植物中的营养物质也很有可能
会起到同样的抗癌作用；由此推知，Chen对他们植物研究的未来持积极态度。
故选A项。
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