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高效作业 17　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 1　People of Achievement]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In 1975，a San Diego homemaker named Marjorie Rice came across a column in Scientific American about tiling(瓷砖). There is a problem which has interested mathematicians since ancient Greek times. After Rice’s chance encounter with tiling，family members often saw her in the kitchen constantly drawing shapes on the tile countertops. “I thought she was just drawing casually，” her daughter Kathy said. But Rice who took only one year of maths in high school，was actually discovering never-before-seen patterns.
Born in Florida，she loved learning and particularly her brief exposure to maths，but tight budget and social culture prevented her family from even considering that she might attend college. “For Rice，maths was a pleasure，” her son David once said.
Rice gave one of her sons a subscription to Scientific American partly because she could read it carefully while the children were at school. When she read Gardner’s column about tiling as she later recalled in an interview，“I thought it must be wonderful that someone could discover these beautiful patterns which no one had seen before.” She also wrote in an essay，“My interest was engaged by the subject and I wanted to understand every detail of it. Lacking a mathematical background，I developed my own symbol system and in a few months discovered a new type.”
Astonished and delighted，she sent her work to Gardner，who sent it to Doris，a tiling expert at Moravian College. Doris confirmed that Rice’s finding was correct.
Later，Rice declined to lecture on her discoveries，citing shyness，but at Doris’s invitation，she attended a university mathematics meeting，where she was introduced to the audience. Rice still said nothing of her achievements to her children，but they eventually found out as the awards mounted.
(　　)1.Why did Rice often draw shapes on the tile countertops in the kitchen
A.To become a mathematician.
B.To fill her leisure time.
C.To explore the secret of tiling.
D.To show her passion for drawing.
(　　)2.What can we learn about Rice from paragraphs 2 and 3
A.She longed to start a column.
B.She succeeded in developing a system.
C.She was good at designing patterns.
D.She was rejected from a college.
(　　)3.What is the text mainly about
A.The magic of maths.
B.The patterns of tiling.
C.The modesty of Rice.
D.The efforts of Rice.
(　　)4.What can we learn from Rice’s experience
A.Every cloud has a silver lining.
B.Actions speak louder than words.
C.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D.Great minds think alike.
Ⅱ.七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When something goes wrong，do you tend to recover quickly or fall apart Some might find it extremely difficult to cope with the barriers. Here are some strategies to help you handle a personal setback and get back on track to achieve your goals.
●Understand it’s normal. Fewer than 20 percent of people succeed in reaching their goals at the first attempt. In other words，it’s not whether a challenge will happen，but it’s when. 1._______
●Don’t deny it. Sometimes it can be difficult to identify a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face，but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm. 2.________ This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid. It’s just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue. It’s important to be open to the honest feedback.
●3.________ Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries，overconfidence，and poor coping skills. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback： where you were，who you were with，and what you were thinking and feeling.
●Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback，and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening next time. Each time you adjust your plan and put it into action again，you actually improve your chances of eventual success. 4._______
Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. 5.________ After adjusting，you can still make progress towards success again.
A.Don’t take it seriously.
B.Analyse what happened.
C.Persist in pursuing your goals regardless of challenges.
D.Despite concern，you may still refuse to acknowledge it.
E.You haven’t lost all of the knowledge，skills，and support.
F.Thus，the key lies in managing setbacks effectively when they arise.
G.This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective.
Ⅲ.完形填空
The engineer’s motto is： “Keep it simple and serious.” But Dr Arnold，the fifth woman engineer in history to win the Nobel Prize，is somewhat 　1　. She always seems to meet something unexpected or have the talent for making things off course.
The America’s 44th president，Obama would 　2　 her for winning the National Medal of Technology and Innovation. That should have been a moment of honour. But you can never imagine what happened to her. The minibus that 　3　 the medal receivers should catch fire. The minibus filled with smoke，passengers within were gasping and crying，staggering towards the 　4　，the younger ones carrying the older ones—and all were greeted by a team of Secret Service agents，　5　 aimed at the medalists’ heads. They were amusingly mistaken for terrorists. What a joke!
Another 　6　 story! When Dr Arnold and her little son，landed in London，the border agent asked what brought them to the UK. Feeling very proud，Dr Arnold 　7　 she was going to a reception to meet the Queen. She then 　8　 shot her mouth off about her next award ceremony at the palace in Italy. The agent sceptically 　9　 her slightly dishevelled(凌乱的) clothes and demanded the invitation letter. But she said it was in her suitcase. Without more 　10　，she，along with her son，was grabbed to the detention room(拘留室). They spent the next two and a half hours there before their story was verified(证实)，and 　11　 made it to meet the Queen. Afterwards，she 　12　，“We should have been simple，sensed the environment and then respond.” Her son replied，“Mum，next time why don’t you keep your mouth 　13　 ”
See what the engineer has 　14　! Yes，indeed we can never tell one’s experiences from their 　15　.
(　　)1. A.different　　　　 B.popular
C.ordinary D.difficult
(　　)2. A.instruct B.call
C.thank D.congratulate
(　　)3. A.delivered B.guided
C.separated D.sheltered
(　　)4. A.agency B.exit
C.bus D.house
(　　)5. A.guns B.fingers
C.sticks D.arrows
(　　)6. A.familiar B.great
C.frightening D.fun
(　　)7. A.pretended B.agreed
C.announced D.proved
(　　)8. A.still B.only
C.thus D.even
(　　)9. A.touched B.cleaned
C.eyed D.removed
(　　)10. A.inquiry B.requests
C.greeting D.comfort
(　　)11. A.gradually B.suddenly
C.surely D.barely
(　　)12. A.doubted B.regretted
C.insisted D.argued
(　　)13. A.wide B.sweet
C.shut D.open
(　　)14. A.looked into B.showed off
C.gone through D.played with
(　　)15. A.talents B.appearances
C.stories D.professions
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ieoh Ming Pei，commonly known as I.M.Pei，was a well-known architect 1.________ groundbreaking works and significant impact have permanently shaped the field of contemporary architecture. Born in Guangzhou，China，in 1917，Pei went to the United States in the 1930s，where he would later earn his degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard Graduate School of Design.
Pei’s career lasted for over seven decades，during which he 2.________(create) some of the most iconic structures of the 20th century. His portfolio(代表作品) included 3.________ range of projects from museums and civic buildings to skyscrapers and private residences. Among his most celebrated 4.________(design) are the Louvre Pyramid in Paris，a large glass and metal pyramid that served as a masterful connection between the Louvre’s historic architecture 5.________ modern sensibilities，and the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong.
In 6.________(add) to his architectural achievements，Pei was known for his ability 7.________(combine) tradition with modernity，a design philosophy that shaped his approach to creating spaces that were both 8.________(function) and beautiful. His work inspired a generation of architects and continues to influence contemporary design.
Throughout his life，Pei received numerous awards and honours，9.________(include) the Pritzker Architecture Prize，often 10.________(refer) to as the Nobel Prize of architecture，which recognised his lifetime contribution to the field of architecture.
高效作业 18　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 2　Looking into the Future]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
There’s a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self. Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction. But what if you could meet your future self
I’m a psychologist and professor. My research over the past 15 years isn’t far from this theme. I’ve largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves，and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions. In my research，I’ve learned that we often imagine our future selves as strangers，which can impede us in making long-term choices. One way to bridge the emotional gap is to think of future selves in more concrete and vivid ways，like writing letters to and from one’s future self，which can strengthen the connection between current and future selves.
Admittedly，having people engage in an imagined conversation is a far cry from actually meeting one’s future self. But it’s believed that far richer interactions may happen in the near future through artificial intelligence (AI). It wouldn’t be predicting exactly what choices you’d make. It’d be more about showing your potential，based on the lives of people similar to you： not just one possible life for you，but rather，the most possible life path for you. Such interactions could offer valuable insights into our potential future selves.
So，to return to my original question： if you could time-travel to meet your future self，what aspects of your life would you want to know more about I realised，through thorough reflections，that the most powerful questions would be the ones that helped me make better choices today—questions exploring personal growth，regrets and unfulfilled actions.
Actually，you don’t need to wait for time travel or advanced AI for answers that you can act on. Through my research，I’ve learned that simply taking a bit of time to picture this meeting can help you make better choices now. All you need is a little imagination，and the willingness to put yourself in the shoes of a person you currently treat as a stranger.
(　　)1.Why is it difficult for people to make long-term decisions according to the author
A.Technology for time travel is not available.
B.Strangers cannot help with decision-making.
C.Writing letters to one’s future self is impractical.
D.People find it hard to connect with their distant selves.
(　　)2.What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” mean in Paragraph 3
A.Contradictory to.
B.Very different from.
C.Not as convenient as.
D.Less popular than.
(　　)3.Which question would the author most likely ask his future self
A.Why hasn’t my hard work ever paid off
B.What can AI do to help people become better persons
C.If given the chance，what would you have done differently
D.How can I succeed without going through all the difficulties in life
(　　)4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Time Travel： What if You Met Your Future Self
B.My Research： How Do People View Their Future Selves
C.Emotional Gap： Why Can’t We Talk with Our Future Selves
D.Artificial Intelligence： Is It Possible to Meet Your Future Self
B
An overall transformation is needed for the planet to accommodate people’s pursuit of well-being. A new study by an international team of researchers explores a Theory of Planetary Social Pedagogy as a driver of a transformative process based on a learning society.
The Theory of Planetary Social Pedagogy is a way of learning applicable to all societal sectors. According to it，people，societies and the world are an interlinked，systemic body. Such a world view can make life meaningful，increase people’s experiences of belonging and inclusion，expand the scope of care，and help people identify their opportunities to influence.
In a time marked by crises，learning to be one with the world is increasingly essential. In many ways，our everyday lives are linked with all other life on Earth. According to Professor Arto O. Salonen of the University of Eastern Finland，the study’s lead author，the most important reason behind the upgrading(升级) planetary crises is people’s being separated from their surrounding reality.
He says，“As we try for a comprehensive sustainability transition(转变)，we need increasingly powerful and more systemic interpretations of reality.” The current strategy for a sustainable future emphasises economic and technological progress，but that is not enough. Learning is needed，too. A learning society relies on changes in its citizens’ values，beliefs and world view.
“How we become aware of our everyday connection to other people and nature at the level of our emotions，body and mind stands at the core of the sustainability transition，” says Erkka Laininen，a co-author of the study. Having an experience of belonging to and being part of the world strengthens people’s sense of meaningfulness and their agency(作用) needed in building a sustainable future.
The transformative power of a learning society can be a key factor in the green transformation going into all society，in which citizens’ consumer behaviour and ways of living，moving and producing food and energy are organised in new ways. Conceptions of work and the economy can be reformed，too.
A sustainable future is not about life becoming more miserable—it’s about life becoming richer and more meaningful as hope for the future grows stronger.
(　　)5.Why is Theory of Planetary Social Pedagogy mentioned
A.To stress learning to be one with the world.
B.To suggest reforming citizens’ ways of living.
C.To describe how the theory is being improved.
D.To tell if a sustainable future is significant.
(　　)6.What is the main reason for increasing global crises according to Professor Salonen
A.The planet is reaching its limits.
B.Humans break away from the reality.
C.Old ideas of well-being are being questioned.
D.Progress in economy and technology is unbalanced.
(　　)7.What can we conclude from the text
A.A sustainable future is based on a learning society.
B.Humans，societies and the world were connected more.
C.Ending the present strategy for future is needed.
D.Global crises have resulted in wrong world view.
(　　)8.How does the author support the theme of the text
A.By introducing a theory.
B.By making a comparison.
C.By using researchers’ arguments.
D.By providing study processes.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When the host announced that my choir took second place of the World Choir Games，I couldn’t believe what I heard. All the　1　 that we made were worthwhile. Through this unforgettable experience，I 　2　 much.
In the semi-finals(半决赛)，we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song，I suddenly heard an unexpected 　3　—a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick. The other students in the alto were 　4　 by the girl and were getting quicker and quicker. Our choir’s leader，Mrs Li noticed it and　5　 used her hand to keep time，but she 　6　. After the song，the smile on Mrs Li’s face froze and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got　7　. My mind went blank，but quickly I realised the only thing we could do was to 　8　 the performance. Then with a smile，Mrs Li became a 　9　 again，who seemed to have totally forgotten what we had done. We sang the　10　 song as usual.
After the competition，I was disappointed. Just because of one person’s fault，the whole choir must afford the fact that we might lose the game. I cried，but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we　11　 the girl who played poorly.　12　，I came to her，encouraged her，and practised the whole melody with her. In the finals，we got the medal because of our　13　 performance.
Never blame a person when he/she makes a mistake，but help him/her to solve the problem when you are struggling　14　the same goal. No matter what you will experience with others in the future，successes or failures，　15　 or tears，these will surely become your precious treasure and memory.
(　　)1. A.promises　　　　 B.efforts
C.requirements D.differences
(　　)2. A.considered B.forgot
C.learned D.explained
(　　)3. A.name B.shout
C.voice D.song
(　　)4. A.driven away B.led away
C.given out D.turned down
(　　)5. A.similarly B.easily
C.happily D.immediately
(　　)6. A.failed B.succeeded
C.arrived D.agreed
(　　)7. A.busy B.wrong
C.warm D.slow
(　　)8. A.quit B.stop
C.complete D.end
(　　)9. A.conductor B.singer
C.dancer D.worker
(　　)10. A.late B.only
C.first D.last
(　　)11. A.blamed B.encouraged
C.called D.asked
(　　)12. A.Otherwise B.Therefore
C.However D.Besides
(　　)13. A.bad B.common
C.perfect D.rude
(　　)14. A.up B.against
C.for D.in
(　　)15. A.fear B.surprise
C.sadness D.laughter
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it finally opened in February 2022，Dubai’s new Museum of the Future was already one of the city’s favourite 1.________(build). And how could it not be For six years，residents and visitors alike had watched curiously every step of the construction process of this shimmering silver landmark 2.________(locate) on Dubai’s main highway，Sheikh Zayed Road.
The geometric skeleton really began to take shape when the calligraphy-covered metal plates 3.________(add). Once in place，a team of workers abseiled down the curved sides 4.________ a daily basis，drawing gazes and phone cameras，with everyone wondering just exactly 5.________ they were doing.
Upon opening，Dubai’s ruler declared the 77-metre-high stainless steel torus “the most beautiful building in the world”，6.________ Architectural Digest called it “7.________ instant icon”.
“I knew it could be designed because it’s 8.________(basic) like an egg，and an egg is a very strong form，” the designer Killa says，adding that throughout the ages，9.________(start) with the Pyramids in Giza and the Pantheon in Rome，many of the world’s greatest buildings were at the limits of the technology of their day. And with all the boundary-pushing technological advancements used by Killa to bring the building to life，the Museum of the Future 10.________(bring) the future of architecture to life in the Dubai of today.
高效作业 19　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 3　Fascinating Parks]
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In the late 19th century，Yellowstone became the first great National Park，described as America’s “best idea”. But the park was devastating for the Native Americans who had lived or hunted within their borders and who were displaced.
The United States has taken one small step to compensate by returning the National Bison Range to its native owners as a first step.
In 2016 biologist Edward responded to the biodiversity crisis by calling for half of Earth to be left to wilderness，birthing the “30×30” campaign to protect 30 percent of Earth’s land and sea surface by 2030. Backed by many scientists，and major conservation organisations，the target is likely to be adopted by Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD).
Critics argue that the “30×30” initiative，aimed at conservation，could become a tool for exploitation(剥削). They claim it may unjustly burden those least responsible for environmental issues like climate change and biodiversity loss. There’s concern that powerful entities could use the proposal as an excuse for seizing land from disadvantaged groups. Indigenous territories，which host 80% of Earth’s remaining biodiversity，are particularly at risk of being targeted in the name of protection. Tragically，the very communities that bravely protect nature against exploitation could face displacement，with an estimate suggesting up to 300 million people could lose their homes.
There is a way to do global conservation right. Indigenous communities are as good as or better than governments at protecting biodiversity and already conserve a quarter of Earth’s land surface. The CBD needs to ensure that they get secure rights to their territories，as well as the resources to defend them.
The superpowers could lead the way in this effort by helping rescue nature and its most passionate defenders from the original militarised(军事化) conservation model. That is a crucial step towards a relief for the incredible life forms that share our planet，as well as their indigenous guardians.
(　　)1.What does the underlined word “devastating” in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Innovative.　　　 B.Beneficial.
C.Promising. D.Disastrous.
(　　)2.Which of the following is TRUE about the “30×30” campaign
A.A biologist’s advocate to conserve nature.
B.CBD’s ambition to empower the indigenous people.
C.The compensation made by the United States.
D.An excuse to seize land from dominant groups.
(　　)3.What is an ideal way to handle global conservation
A.Precautions against reducing indigenous people to poverty and misery.
B.Relying on the governments to displace locals from their homeland.
C.Militarised conservation models pioneered by the United Sates.
D.Returning the land in the care of the indigenous communities.
(　　)4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A.Conservation or Modernisation
B.Where Is the Next Yellowstone
C.Protect Biodiversity’s Protectors
D.Government as Nature’s Guardian
Ⅱ.七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being “outdoorsy” can stir up images of big beautiful national parks，snowy slopes or thick forests. 1.________ They don’t require the time，money or physical mobility of a big trip. Here are some steps you can take to get closer to nature.
Think of time in nature as a “multivitamin”—it’s best to take it every day. 2.________ If you’re spending hours staring at a computer screen，you might feel pretty exhausted afterward. But if you get breaks or even micro restorative moments by getting outside，you recover some energy to use that mental muscle so you can do things that are hard to do.
Find the people who enjoy the same activities. It takes some of the pressure off trying to explore the outdoors alone. 3.________ In a world where we’re constantly inundated(收到太多……而应接不暇) with images of what an “outdoorsy person” should look like，finding your people might feel like a challenge.
4.________ You can bring the outdoors into your world. We are a part of nature，and nature is a part of us—regardless of where we are.
Need a quick break from your “work screen time” for some “fun screen time” There’s a nature fix for that： Check out the FindThatLizard game on your phone，where you have to find a lizard camouflaged(伪装) in its natural environment. You don’t even have to leave your couch to play. 5.________You can barbecue in your yard or the park，or open a window to get some fresh air. These are great options if you’re living in a city，or if you’re on a budget.
A.Trying to get off screens
B.Needing a low-budget outdoor break
C.So nature is actually what you need to function well.
D.But smaller moments in nature have just been as valuable.
E.It’s also an important way to stay safe in more remote areas.
F.Getting your daily amount of nature is vital to your well-being.
G.Remember，you don’t have to be outdoors to experience nature.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I have reached the turning point of the day’s kayaking(划独木舟) trip. I attempt a shoulder stretch and look around. It’s just me，a couple of seagulls，and shining freshwater to the horizon. This，I whisper to myself，is so 　1　.
Sole(单独的) outings had never 　2　 my mind before because I used to have a friend willing to accompany me. But three years ago，I moved to Cleveland. Meeting friends in a new city is 　3　. And social media addiction makes face-to-face 　4　 difficult.
In October，I decided to take an adventure on a solo hiking trip. I went to Cuyahoga Valley National Park (CVNP) to 　5　 the autumn leaves. Four miles in，I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so alive. I was more aware of my 　6　 than I had ever been while hiking that day. I focused my ears on each forest sound and every sentence in my mind pointed to a newfound 　7　—solo hiking is my happy experience.
I followed that feeling of alertness throughout CVNP during that autumn and eventually added the amazing feeling of frozen winter outings in December. Cold temperatures meant I’d need to be more focused. Heavy snow turned my 　8　 into a winter wonderland.
When spring arrived，I decided to 　9　 the final solo sport on my list： kayaking. I felt so proud when I first launched my kayak from the shore. My chest，　10　 tightened by nerves(神经)，was 　11　 happiness when I finally reached the middle of the river that I had long admired back on 　12　.
From that first sunny paddle to many winter hikes，　13　 alone seems like a good medicine for me. It also pushes me to go beyond my comfort zone and to meet new people. Through meetups and social 　14　，my adventure-friend circle has increased rapidly. But at least once per month，I scheduled time to 　15　 nature with my favourite friend： me.
(　　)1. A.fantastic B.imaginable
C.common D.artificial
(　　)2. A.stressed B.crossed
C.directed D.disturbed
(　　)3. A.optional B.reliable
C.tough D.meaningless
(　　)4. A.contacts B.fights
C.sessions D.requirements
(　　)5. A.collect B.burn
C.classify D.admire
(　　)6. A.looks B.mistakes
C.worries D.surroundings
(　　)7. A.riddle B.truth
C.joke D.pity
(　　)8. A.routes B.yards
C.gardens D.fields
(　　)9. A.give out B.tear up
C.check off D.put away
(　　)10. A.eagerly B.initially
C.rarely D.calmly
(　　)11. A.calling for B.taking over
C.bursting with D.bringing in
(　　)12. A.shore B.average
C.board D.demand
(　　)13. A.labouring B.competing
C.reading D.adventuring
(　　)14. A.justice B.media
C.security D.harmony
(　　)15. A.describe B.shape
C.preserve D.hit
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wild lands across Africa are home to many rare，threatened，and endangered species. Having recognised their extraordinary value and 1.________(preserve) their ecological wealth，the UNESCO classified some of these sites 2.________ World Heritage sites. Unfortunately，the ecological integrity of many significant landscapes is under the influence of human activity.
Let’s take the example of Ethiopia’s Simien Mountains National Park. Since 1996 when it entered UNESCO’s List of World Heritage in Danger，3.________ increasing number of human settlements around the park over the years，4.________(couple) with unsustainable farming practices and overgrazing(过度放牧)，had worsened the conditions of all-important wildlife habitats. Marked by the significant population decline of some species，the future of this park 5.________(hang) in the balance.
However，in 2017，the park made history with its 6.________(remove) from the list，a significant and remarkable achievement of the government of Ethiopia. By then various efforts 7.________(devote) to achieving this. In 2003，the government reestablished the limits of the park，adding the Mekeserya and Limalimo Wildlife Reserves.8.________(effect) community-driven conservation strategies are instrumental in preventing further ecological loss. The authorities have developed a grazing strategy 9.________ aim is to greatly reduce the grazing pressure on the park. Plus，alternative livelihoods through tourism assisted communities 10.________(great) in developing conservation-friendly economies.
高效作业 20　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 4　Body Language]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
This Is What Your Dog’s Behaviours
Should Tell You
A straightened tail
When you see a dog’s tail in the air，that dog probably feels very excited or confident about something. If its tail is shaky and remains up，the dog probably just feels challenged in a way. Whenever a dog is content，its tail is always levelled with its body. However，if the tail is hanging low，this shows some kind of insecurity.
Chewing your furniture
When puppies start teething，they start chewing things around. It just means that they have not been getting as much physical activity as their bodies need. You can easily help by taking them out for a nice walk or helping them exercise in some other ways.
Tilting(倾斜) their heads
When you are talking to dogs，you subconsciously end up speaking in a higher pitch. The dogs tip their heads in an attempt to understand what you are telling. Dogs have a great way of reading different body language and responding to vocal cues. They recognise specific words especially those associated with treats they love or walks. A certain theory states that dogs will move their heads in that manner as a way of adjusting their ears so that they can listen better.
Raising their ears
When you see a dog raise its ears，just know it’s listening keenly to you. It happens when they are unfamiliar with a certain sound and are trying to figure the sound out. So when you see this，just allow your dog to figure out things slowly for a second. After all，it’s very nice to have a dog that is observant.
(　　)1.If a dog keeps its tail hanging low，it suggests it feels ________.
A.satisfied　　　 B.thrilled
C.unsafe D.challenged
(　　)2.What should you do if your dog is chewing your furniture
A.Tie the dog. B.Walk the dog.
C.Feed the dog. D.Bathe the dog.
(　　)3.Which of the following behaviours shows the dog is listening attentively
A.Waving its tail.
B.Moving its head.
C.Raising its ears.
D.Showing its teeth.
B
Politicians，business bosses，and other types of leaders indeed tend to like speaking with their hands，but does the habit influence how others interpret those words To get to the bottom of it，a team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics conducted a series of experiments on volunteers who viewed videos of people speaking with and without hand movements.
After showing the volunteers videos of people speaking under different conditions，the researchers asked them questions about what they had heard. Some conditions involved the speaker stressing different parts of words in a sentence. Other conditions involved the speaker making various types of hand gestures，such as pointing and sweeping movements. The team recorded the volunteers as they viewed the video recordings，questioning the volunteers afterward about what they had seen and heard.
Researchers found that the volunteers were more affected by syllables(音节) spoken with the conjunction of hand gestures： In 20 percent of the cases，the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture. Interestingly，however，volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred.
Body language expert Carol Goman said，“Studies have found that speaking with your hands really can change the view of your character. People who communicate through active gesturing tend to be considered warm，agreeable，and energetic，while those who remain still are seen as logical，cold，and analytic. In fact，a 2015 study that studied TED Talks，which posts international talks online，found that the most popular speakers used nearly twice as many gestures as the least popular speakers used.”
The research team said that their findings suggest that hand gestures are an important part of in-person communication and have a direct impact on what the listener hears. Furthermore，they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.
(　　)4.What’s the researchers’ purpose in doing the experiments
A.To examine the volunteers’ interpreting skills.
B.To test the effect hand gestures have on listeners.
C.To record the volunteers’ questions for the speaker.
D.To confirm the influence hand movements have on leaders.
(　　)5.What did the researchers find in the experiments
A.Hand movements affected what the listener heard.
B.The speaker stressed different parts of words in a sentence.
C.People speaking with different hand gestures had different effects.
D.The most popular speakers used fewer gestures than the least popular speakers did.
(　　)6.What does the underlined word “conjunction” mean in Paragraph 3
A.Assistance. B.Combination.
C.Disturbance. D.Interpretation.
(　　)7.What may the researchers agree with
A.Gestures can’t influence others’ view on one’s personality.
B.Understanding gestures is a must in every language.
C.In-person communication helps interpret gestures.
D.Responses to gestures are learned behaviours.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Both Debbie and Simon work in the Sunbeam Travel Company. One day they were sitting in the office when the door opened and a lady entered. She glanced at them both，　1　 a moment，then walked over and sat opposite Debbie. Debbie greeted her 　2　，and they got down to business.
Simon 　3　，stood up and left. He met Mr Smith，the manager. “What’s up，Simon You don’t look very 　4　.”
“It’s the customers，” Simon said. “They always prefer Debbie to me. I can’t 　5　 it.”
“I can. It’s the way you 　6　.”
“How can that be ” Simon said. “I don’t even get a 　7　 to speak to them.”
“Communication is more than speaking and listening，Simon. Your body language is 　8　，too.”
“What kind of language is that ”
“It’s the way you stand，sit and walk. It’s your gestures and the expression on your face and in your eyes. Your whole 　9　 communicates things，even when you’re not speaking. The way you look at customers doesn’t give them a good impression，Simon. For example，you often rest your head on your 　10　. You don’t smile. You don’t turn your head or your body towards the customers. But look at Debbie. She’s holding her head 　11　. She looks the customer in the eye. She smiles. She turns her head and her body towards the customer. Your body language is telling customers to 　12　. Debbie’s is making them feel welcome. That’s why the customers go to her and not to you.”
After that，Simon tried to improve his body language. This seemed to 　13　. Minutes later，a girl entered. Without 　14　，she sat down opposite Simon and gave him a big smile. A few moments later，she left，still smiling.
Mr Smith came over and said，“Well，Simon，you 　15　 made a good impression on that customer. Well done.”
“That wasn’t a customer，” Simon said. “That was my sister. She wanted to borrow some money for lunch.”
(　　)1. A.listened B.stood
C.looked D.paused
(　　)2. A.calmly B.wildly
C.cheerfully D.hopefully
(　　)3. A.bowed B.sighed
C.laughed D.nodded
(　　)4. A.sad B.relaxed
C.happy D.nervous
(　　)5. A.understand B.grab
C.believe D.guess
(　　)6. A.think B.interpret
C.communicate D.perceive
(　　)7. A.chance B.minute
C.word D.right
(　　)8. A.creative B.adorable
C.fun D.important
(　　)9. A.style B.appearance
C.speech D.character
(　　)10. A.shoulder B.arm
C.finger D.hand
(　　)11. A.off B.up
C.down D.back
(　　)12. A.go away B.go ahead
C.get back D.get ready
(　　)13. A.work B.confuse
C.frustrate D.motivate
(　　)14. A.invitation B.explanation
C.permission D.hesitation
(　　)15. A.probably B.certainly
C.finally D.likely
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While the key to success in both 1.________(person) and professional relationships lies in your ability 2.__________(communicate) well，it’s not the words that you use 3.________ your body language that speaks the loudest.
Whether you’re aware 4.________ it or not，when you interact with others，you’re continuously giving and receiving wordless signals. All of your nonverbal 5.________(behaviour)—the gestures you make，your tone of voice and how much eye contact you make—send strong messages. They can build trust and draw others towards you，or they can confuse 6.________ you’re trying to express. These messages don’t stop when you stop speaking，either. Even when you’re silent，you’re still communicating nonverbally.
In some instances，what comes out of your mouth and what you communicate through your body language may be two 7.________(total) different things. If you say one thing，but your body language says something else，your listener will likely feel that you’re being dishonest. When faced with such 8.________(mix) signals，the listeners have to choose whether to believe your verbal or nonverbal messages. Since body language is a natural language that 9.________(show) your true feelings and intentions，they’ll likely choose the nonverbal messages.
However，by improving how you understand and use nonverbal communication，you can express what you really mean，connect better with others，and build stronger，more 10.________(reward) relationships.
高效作业 21　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 5　Working the Land]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In late September，an international team of researchers spread out across a remote New Mexico mountain range in search of a plant. The group walked through the rough landscape looking for signs of plants hugging a tree. Seven days later，the scientists left with a sample of nature’s reward： wild bean plants.
The scientists wanted to collect the legume(豆科植物)，which is native to dry regions of the southwestern US and northwestern Mexico. “The plants have adapted to this very hot and dry climate，so they have exceptional drought and heat tolerance，” said Sarah Dohle，an expert of the US Department of Agriculture.
A warming planet is causing huge damage to agriculture around the globe. In the western US，a severe drought affected California’s tomato and rice production. In Guatemala，the combined effects of both drought and rain decreased corn and black bean harvests. In Sub-Saharan Africa，hot conditions have reduced the yields of wheat and corn by more than a third since the early 1960s.
“Crops like the wild bean could help diversify food production，and their genetic material may help make other crops more drought- and heat-tolerant，” said Richard Pratt，who is among a growing number of scientists working to look for crops adapting to climate change.
The University of California is leading a multi-state $15 million project involving 20 institutions to speed up the breeding cycles of wheat and to research ways to help the crop grow in a toughened environment. At Auburn University in Alabama，scientists are working to breed a peanut variety that can better tolerate drought conditions. And scientists from various institutions have taken part in an effort funded by the Norwegian government to identify，collect and evaluate wild crops for future development.
Still，there are numerous challenges at play： Crop breeding is a time-intensive process，so it can be difficult for scientists to keep pace with rapidly changing weather. Advances in gene editing can help speed up the process，but come with their own trials.
“As global climate change keeps being hard on us，” Sarah Dohle said，“there isn’t plenty of time left for us to get crops that are adaptable.”
(　　)1.What is Paragraph 1 intended for
A.Sharing an inspirational story.
B.Leading in the topic of the text.
C.Providing background information.
D.Summarising the main idea of the text.
(　　)2.How does the author mainly develop Paragraph 3
A.By giving examples.
B.By answering questions.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By listing prediction data.
(　　)3.What does Sarah Dohle imply in the last paragraph
A.Climate change is controllable.
B.Crop breeding is time-consuming.
C.Efforts to plant crops prove fruitless.
D.Urgent measures should be carried out.
(　　)4.What is the best title for the text
A.Overlooked Wild Crops Require Preserving
B.Global Warming Influences Crops’ Adaptation
C.A Severe Drought Is Threatening Food Security
D.Scientists Are Looking for Climate-Adapted Crops
Ⅱ.七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
China feeds nearly 20 percent of the world’s population from 7 percent of the arable(可耕作的) land across the globe.
1.________ As early as the Northern Song Dynasty，there is documentary evidence of well-watered rice fields that were carved in a step-like fashion. 2.________ Even more remarkable than the early terracing(使……成梯田) forested hillsides into productive paddies(水稻田) is the fact that the terraces remain productive today.
While the Ziquejie Terraces still yield high-quality rice and are recognised as a World Heritage Irrigation Structure，they are under serious threat. Given the modern time minimum living standard，the success of China’s economic development has lifted the bar to the point where it exceeds what can be generated from traditional rice farming. 3.________ Local residents of the area also hope that the spectacular natural scenery will attract tourists，which eventually repays the region.
4.________ There is strong evidence that rice cultivation has not only fed the population but also cultivated Chinese culture and the form of democracy. In 2014，Scientific American magazine posed the question，“Does rice farming lead to collectivist thinking ” The answer，based on pioneering work by Chinese and American researchers，suggested that it did.
Those living in rice growing areas in South China were more interdependent in their thinking than those in the wheat growing north. The latter expressed attitudes that were individualistic rather than inclusive(包容的). 5._______
A.The technical challenges were huge.
B.Hence，China calls for rice farmers to cooperate.
C.Moreover，rice cultivation supports the nation beyond agriculture.
D.Subsequent studies have shown that such differences are repeated globally.
E.The need to feed its population has always been a concern of China’s rulers.
F.Therefore，rice production on the Ziquejie Terraces is aided by the local finance.
G.The spectacular rice terraces of Ziquejie in Hunan Province from this era are known to date.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Asli Samanci，a food scientist，was driven by her childhood dream of becoming a scientist，leading her to pursue a career in food science. “It 　1　 everything： biology，microbiology and chemistry all together，” Samanci said.
With this passion，she established a company that 　2　 health products made from propolis(蜂胶)，a natural substance produced by bees. Samanci’s dedication to 　3　 is evident in every step of her product development process. “All products are 　4　 by science，” Samanci said.
The 　5　 behind Samanci’s venture also lies in her son，who experienced frequent health issues during his early years. Upon a doctor’s recommendation，she 　6　 propolis as a means to help strengthen her son’s immune system. However，not 　7　 with the products on the market，Samanci worked 　8　 with a beekeeper to craft the ideal solution for her son’s needs. Gradually，Samanci has made her specialised products 　9　 to a broader range of consumers.
Meanwhile，Samanci and her beekeeping partners have witnessed a significant 　10　 in the bee population. Recognising that 80% of all plants rely on bees for pollination(授粉)，this development has proved to contribute to 　11　 nature. Samanci firmly believes in the concept of a win-win business model，where 　12　 can make a positive impact on the environment. And she urges all entrepreneurs and scientists to find that 　13　. Samanci says，“To get something from nature in a(n) 　14　 way，we urge more food scientists and agricultural scientists to join us. 　15　，nature will not give us anymore.”
(　　)1. A.accomplishes　　 B.combines
C.processes D.maintains
(　　)2. A.took up B.brought about
C.held back D.put off
(　　)3. A.purchase B.delivery
C.quality D.service
(　　)4. A.limited B.denied
C.revealed D.backed
(　　)5. A.regulation B.inspiration
C.sample D.mystery
(　　)6. A.explored B.exported
C.refused D.permitted
(　　)7. A.patient B.consistent
C.cautious D.content
(　　)8. A.equally B.violently
C.directly D.temporarily
(　　)9. A.accessible B.similar
C.responsible D.essential
(　　)10. A.damage B.rise
C.change D.loss
(　　)11. A.conquering B.discovering
C.impressing D.preserving
(　　)12. A.scientists B.beekeepers
C.entrepreneurs D.consumers
(　　)13. A.balance B.opportunity
C.fault D.reason
(　　)14. A.extraordinary B.sustainable
C.lively D.decent
(　　)15. A.Altogether B.Anyhow
C.Moreover D.Otherwise
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Grain Rain marks a significant period in the traditional Chinese calendar. As the 1.________(six) of the 24 Solar Terms，Grain Rain usually falls around April 20 and lasts until the beginning of May. This period is 2.________(traditional) associated with the onset of the rainy season，providing much-needed water that helps crops grow.
Grain Rain symbolises the end of spring and marks the time 3.________(begin) preparations for summer，making it crucial for farmers to ensure that their crops 4.________(plant) in time to take full advantage of the growing season. During this time，activities like planting rice，corn，and beans are common due 5.________ the favourable conditions of warmer temperatures and increased rainfall. Grain Rain’s significance extends beyond just agriculture. It represents 6.________ time of growth，both in nature and within communities.
Grain Rain is a period rich with festivals，cultural events and communal munities often celebrate with various festivities，7.________(appreciate) nature’s renewal. It’s common to see people engaging in outdoor activities，celebrating with traditional performances，and enjoying the blooming of spring flowers，8.________ are especially significant during Grain Rain.
Grain Rain not only highlights the practical aspects of agricultural planning but also embodies a deeper connection to the cycles of nature and the community’s cultural practices. It is a 9.________(reflect) of the wisdom embedded in the traditional Chinese way of life，where observing natural phenomena guides daily activities and 10.________(season) preparations.
高效作业17　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 1　People of Achievement]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【文本大意】1975年，圣迭戈一位名叫Marjorie Rice的家庭主妇在《科学美国人》杂志上偶然看到一篇关于瓷砖的专栏文章，因为想探索瓷砖的秘密，Rice经常在厨房的瓷砖台面上画形状，虽缺乏数学背景(高中只学了一年数学)，但她凭借自己对数学的热情，潜心研究，开发了自己的符号系统，发现了以前从未见过的图案。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“After Rice’s chance encounter with tiling， family members often saw her in the kitchen constantly drawing shapes on the tile countertops.(Rice偶然接触瓷砖后，家人经常看到她在厨房的瓷砖台面上不停地画形状。)”和第三段中的“She also wrote in an essay， ‘My interest was engaged by the subject and I wanted to understand every detail of it.’(她还在一篇文章中写道：‘我对这个主题很感兴趣，我想了解它的每一个细节。’)”可知，Rice对瓷砖这个主题很感兴趣，想了解它的每一个细节，由此可推断出，因为想探索瓷砖的秘密，所以Rice经常在厨房的瓷砖台面上画形状。故选C。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“tight budget and social culture prevented her family from even considering that she might attend college”可知，因为家庭经济困难和社会文化，Rice并未上大学，因此D项与原文内容不符。文章中并未提及A项和C项的内容；根据第三段中Rice说的话中“Lacking a mathematical background， I developed my own symbol system and in a few months discovered a new type.(由于缺乏数学背景，我开发了自己的符号系统，并在几个月后发现了一种新的类型。)”可知，Rice成功地开发了一个系统。故选B。
3.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，Marjorie Rice凭借自己对数学的热情，潜心研究，开发了自己的符号系统，发现了以前从未见过的瓷砖图案，因此D项“Rice的努力。”符合题意。故选D。
4.C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，Marjorie Rice是一位家庭主妇，虽然对数学很感兴趣，但因为高中只学了一年数学，缺乏专业的数学背景，但在自己的潜心努力下，开发了自己的符号系统，坚持不懈，发现了以前从未见过的瓷砖图案，因此通过她的经历，我们能学到“世上无难事，只怕有心人(Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.)”这个道理。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
【文本大意】本文旨在提供应对个人挫折和重回目标轨道的策略与建议。
1.F　根据上文“Understand it’s normal. Fewer than 20 percent of people succeed in reaching their goals at the first attempt. In other words， it’s not whether a challenge will happen， but it’s when.(理解这是正常的。只有不到20%的人第一次尝试就能达到目标。换句话说，挑战是否会发生并不重要，重要的是何时发生。)”可知，成功往往不是一次尝试就能达成的，挑战是常态，因此接下来应该强调的是如何应对这些挑战。F项“Thus， the key lies in managing setbacks effectively when they arise.(因此，关键在于当挫折出现时有效地管理它们。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
2.D　根据上文“Don’t deny it. Sometimes it can be difficult to identify a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face， but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm.(别否认它。有时很难识别挫折。问题可能就在你眼前，但你可能会否认有任何惊慌的理由。)”和下文“This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid.(无法承认问题并不意味着你愚蠢。)”可知，这里在讨论人们即使面对问题也可能存在拒绝承认的情况。D项“Despite concern， you may still refuse to acknowledge it.(尽管有担忧，你仍然可能拒绝承认它。)”符合语境，acknowledge为关键信息。故选D。
3.B　空处位于段首，为本段的主题句。根据下文“Stop and consider carefully what went wrong ... Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback： where you were， who you were with， and what you were thinking and feeling.(停下来，仔细想想哪里出了问题。挫折最常见的原因是个人担忧、过度自信和糟糕的应对技能。看看任何可能导致挫折的因素：你在哪里，你和谁在一起，你当时的想法和感受。)”可知，B项“Analyse what happened.(分析发生了什么。)”能概括本段主旨。故选B。
4.G　根据上文“Each time you adjust your plan and put it into action again， you actually improve your chances of eventual success.(每次你调整你的计划并再次付诸行动，你实际上提高了你最终成功的机会。)”可知，此处强调从错误中学习并改进计划的重要性。G项“This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective.(这是因为你从每一个失误中学习，使你的计划更加有效。)”解释了原因，符合语境。故选G。
5.E　根据上文“Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall.(提醒自己，你的挫折只是一次失误，而不是失败。)”和下文“After adjusting， you can still make progress towards success again.(经过调整后，你仍然可以朝着成功再次前进。)”可知，此处鼓励人们不要因为挫折而失去信心，因为失败后还拥有很多。E项“You haven’t lost all of the knowledge， skills， and support.(你并没有失去所有的知识、技能和支持。)”承接上文，说明尽管遇到挫折，但重要的资源并未丢失，可以继续前进，符合语境。故选E。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【文本大意】文章通过讲述诺贝尔奖获得者Arnold博士的两次意想不到的遭遇告诉我们：我们永远无法根据一个人的职业知道他们的经历。
1.A　句意：但是Arnold博士，历史上第五位获得诺贝尔奖的女性工程师，有所不同。A.different不同的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.ordinary 普通的；D.difficult困难的。故选A。
2.D　句意：美国第44任总统奥巴马将祝贺她获得了国家技术创新奖。A.instruct指导；B.call 给……打电话；C. thank感谢；D.congratulate祝贺。故选D。
3.A　句意：运送获奖者的中巴车竟然着火了。A.deliver递送，运送；B.guide指导；C. separate分开；D.shelter庇护。从上文提到总统将祝贺她获奖可知，中巴车运送获奖者去见总统。故选A。
4.B　句意：中巴车里面充满了烟雾，里面的乘客喘着气，哭着，摇摇晃晃地走向出口……A.agency服务机构；B.exit出口；C. bus公共汽车；D.house房子。故选B。
5.A　句意：……所有人面对的是一群特工，拿枪对着获奖者的头。A.gun枪；B.finger手指；C. stick枝条；D.arrow箭。故选A。
6.D　句意：另一个有趣的故事。A. familiar熟悉的；B. great伟大的；
C. frightening 令人害怕的；D. fun有趣的。上文已经提到了一个发生在Arnold身上的意想不到的有趣的故事，这里是指另一个有趣的故事。故选D。
7.C　句意：感到非常自豪，Arnold宣称她将去参加一个受女王接见的招待会。A. pretend假装；B. agree同意；C. announce 宣布；D. prove 证明。故选C。
8.D　句意：然后，她甚至还大谈起她下一个要参加的获奖仪式是在意大利的皇宫进行。A. still仍然；B. only仅仅；C. thus因此；D. even甚至。此处用“even”这个词来加强语气，使边境的工作人员更加怀疑她说的话的真实性。故选D。
9.C　句意：工作人员怀疑地注视着她那凌乱的衣着，要求她出示邀请信。
A. touch触摸；B. clean清理；C. eye注视；D. remove移开。因为工作人员对她产生怀疑，所以盯着她看。故选C。
10.A　句意：没有过多询问，她和儿子被抓进了拘留室。A. inquiry询问；
B. request请求；C. greeting问候；D. comfort安慰。故选A。
11.D　句意：在他们把事情解释清楚之前，他们被关在拘留室里两个半小时，结果勉强才准时见到女王。A. gradually逐渐地；B. suddenly突然地；C. surely必定，无疑；D. barely勉强才能。她花了两个半小时解释，剩下的时间不多了，所以她勉强才能见到女王。故选D。
12.B　句意：此后，她后悔地说：“我们本应该简单点，感知环境，然后再作出回应。” A. doubt怀疑；B. regret后悔；C. insist坚持；D. argue争论。故选B。
13.C　句意：她的儿子回答说：“妈妈，下次您能不能不说话呢 ” A. wide宽的；B. sweet甜的；C. shut关闭的；D. open开着的。故选C。
14.C　句意：看看这位工程师都经历了些什么吧! A. look into调查；B. show off 炫耀；C. go through经历；D. play with同……一起玩。上文所讲的故事都是Arnold博士的个人经历。故选C。
15.D　句意：是的，事实上，我们永远无法根据一个人的职业知道他们的经历。A. talent天资；B. appearance外表；C. story 故事；D. profession 职业。本文从头到尾都在强调Arnold从事“工程师”这个职业。虽然她是工程师，但是她经历了那么多意想不到的事情，所以作者最后得出结论：我们永远无法根据一个人的职业知道他们的经历。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
【文本大意】文章主要讲述了著名建筑师贝聿铭的生平、成就以及他对建筑领域的重大影响。
1.whose　考查定语从句。此处表示“贝聿铭是一位著名建筑师，其开创性的工作和重大影响永久地塑造了当代建筑领域”，分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词architect，指人，关系词与从句中的groundbreaking works and significant impact为所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导从句，在从句中作定语。故填whose。
2.created　考查时态。此处表示“贝聿铭在持续了七十余年的职业生涯中创作了一些20世纪最具标志性的建筑”。此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填created。
3.a　考查冠词。a range of ... 表示“一系列……”，此处表示“一系列项目”。故填a。
4.designs　考查名词的数。根据空后的are可知，此处的design(设计)用复数形式。故填designs。
5.and　考查连词。此处表示“它巧妙地连接了卢浮宫的历史建筑和现代感”，between ... and ... 意为“在……和……之间”。故填and。
6.addition　考查名词。in addition to ... 表示“除了……之外”，此处表示“除了他在建筑方面的成就”。故填addition。
7.to combine　考查非谓语动词。the ability to do sth意为“做某事的能力”，此处表示“贝聿铭还以他将传统与现代结合的能力而闻名”。故填to combine。
8.functional　考查形容词。空处与beautiful并列，应用形容词functional“实用的”，作表语。故填functional。
9.including　考查介词。此处表示“包括”，应用介词including。故填including。
10.referred　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词received，空处需用非谓语动词，refer与其逻辑主语the Pritzker Architecture Prize之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填referred。
高效作业18　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 2　Looking into the Future]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【文本大意】文章主要说明了人们很难做出长远的决定，因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I’ve largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves， and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions. In my research， I’ve learned that we often imagine our future selves as strangers， which can impede us in making long-term choices.(我主要关注的是人们如何思考和联系他们未来的自己，并探讨了我们很难做出长远的决定的原因。在我的研究中，我了解到我们经常把未来的自己想象成陌生人，这可能会阻碍我们做出长远的选择。)”可知，人们很难做出长远的决定是因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来。故选D。
2.B　词义猜测题。 根据第二段中的“In my research， I’ve learnt that we often imagine our future selves as strangers， which can impede us in making long-term choices.(在我的研究中，我了解到我们经常把未来的自己想象成陌生人，这可能会阻碍我们做出长远的选择。)”可知，很多人把未来的自己想象成陌生人，而不是真实的自己；同时根据画线短语上文“having people engage in an imagined conversation(让人们进行想象中的对话)”以及下文“actually meeting one’s future self(遇见真实的未来的自己)”可知，人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来，即让人们参与想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己是非常不同的情况。因此画线短语的意思是“与……非常不同”。故选B。
3.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I realised， through thorough reflections， that the most powerful questions would be the ones that helped me make better choices today—questions exploring personal growth， regrets and unfulfilled actions.(经过深思熟虑，我意识到，最有影响力的问题应该是那些帮助我今天做出更好选择的问题——那些探讨个人成长、遗憾和未实现的行动的问题。)”可知，作者最有可能问未来的自己：如果有机会，你会做些什么不同的事情 故选C。
4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，人们很难做出长远的决定，因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来，让人们参与想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己完全不同，但文章建议人们花时间想象一下自己与未来的自己的会面，这就能帮助人们现在做出更好的选择。结合第四段第一句中的“if you could time-travel to meet your future self”可知，A项“时间旅行：如果你遇到了未来的自己该怎么办 ”为文章的最佳标题。故选A。
B
【文本大意】在一个充满全球危机的时代，学会与地球融为一体变得越来越重要，而可持续的未来要建立在学习型社会的基础上。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第二段“The Theory of Planetary Social Pedagogy is a way of learning applicable to all societal sectors. According to it， people， societies and the world are an interlinked， systemic body. Such a world view can make life meaningful， increase people’s experiences of belonging and inclusion， expand the scope of care， and help people identify their opportunities to influence.(行星社会教育学理论是一种适用于所有社会领域的学习方式。根据该理论，人、社会和地球是一个相互关联的系统性整体。这样的世界观可以让生活更有意义，增加人们的归属感和包容感，扩大关怀的范围，并帮助人们发现自身的影响力机会。)”和第三段第一句“In a time marked by crises， learning to be one with the world is increasingly essential.(在一个充满危机的时代，学会与地球融为一体变得越来越重要。)”可推知，文章提及行星社会教育学理论的目的是强调学会与地球融为一体。故选A。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“the most important reason behind the upgrading(升级) planetary crises is people’s being separated from their surrounding reality(地球危机升级背后最重要的原因是人们与周围现实的脱节)”可知，Salonen教授认为全球危机不断上升背后的主要原因是人们脱离周围现实。故选B。
7.A　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段中的“a way of learning applicable to all societal sectors(适应所有社会领域的学习方法)”、第三段第一句中的“learning to be one with the world is increasingly essential(学会与地球融为一体越来越重要)”和第四段中的“Learning is needed， too. A learning society(也需要学习。一个学习型社会)”等可知，可持续的未来要建立在学习型社会的基础上。故选A。
8.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“According to Professor Arto O. Salonen of the University of Eastern Finland， the study’s lead author， the most important reason behind the upgrading(升级) planetary crises is people’s being separated from their surrounding reality.(根据该研究的主要作者、东芬兰大学的教授Arto O.Salonen，地球危机升级背后最重要的原因是人们与周围现实的脱节。)”、第四段中的“He says， ‘As we try for a comprehensive sustainability transition(转变)， we need increasingly powerful and more systemic interpretations of reality.’(他说：‘当我们尝试全面的可持续转型时，我们需要对现实进行越来越有力和更系统的解释。’)”和第五段中的“‘How we become aware of our everyday connection to other people and nature at the level of our emotions， body and mind stands at the core of the sustainability transition，’ says Erkka Laininen， a co-author of the study.(该研究的合著者Erkka Laininen说：‘我们如何在情感、身体和思想的层面上意识到我们与他人和自然的日常联系，这是可持续转型的核心。’)”可推知，作者主要通过引述研究者的相关论述来说明主题，即可持续的未来要建立在学习型社会的基础上。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【文本大意】本文讲述了作者参加一次合唱比赛的经历，通过这次经历作者认识到：当为了同一个目标奋斗时，不要去责备一个犯错误的人，而是要去帮助其解决问题，从而实现共同的目标。
1.B　当主持人宣布作者所在的合唱团获得二等奖时，作者觉得所做的一切努力都是值得的。A.promise承诺；B.effort努力；C.requirement要求；D.difference差别，差异。故选B。
2.C　通过这次难忘的经历，作者学到了很多。A.consider考虑；B.forget忘记；C.learn学习；D.explain解释。故选C。
3.C　根据空后的“a girl in the alto(女低音) got quick”可知，当唱到第三首歌时，作者突然听到一个意想不到的声音。A.name名字；B.shout喊叫；C.voice歌唱声；D.song歌曲。故选C。
4.B　唱低音的其他学生的旋律被那个女孩带跑了，他们的速度越来越快。A.drive away赶走；B.lead away引开；带走；C.give out分发；D.turn down拒绝。故选B。
5.D　合唱团的领队李老师注意到了这一点，并立即用她的手来打着节拍。A.similarly相似地；B.easily简单地；C.happily快乐地；D.immediately立即，马上。故选D。
6.A　虽然领队李老师立即作出了反应，但还是没能把越来越快的旋律带回来。A.fail失败，未能(做到)；B.succeed成功；C.arrive到达；D.agree同意。故选A。
7.B　在这首歌之后，李老师脸上的笑容僵住了，一些成员转过身来，试图找到第一个唱错的人。A.busy忙碌的；B.wrong错误的；C.warm温暖的；D.slow缓慢的。故选B。
8.C　作者的脑子一片空白，但很快意识到唯一能做的就是完成表演。A.quit放弃；B.stop停止；C.complete完成；D.end结束。故选C。
9.A　然后带着微笑，李老师又变成了指挥，她似乎完全忘记了我们之前所做的事情。A.conductor指挥；B.singer歌手；C.dancer舞蹈家；D.worker工人。故选A。
10.D　根据第二段第一句中的“we were supposed to sing four songs”和一个女生在唱第三首歌的时候出错可知，此处指像往常一样唱了最后一首歌。A.late晚的；B.only唯一的；C.first 第一的；D.last最后的。故选D。
11.A　虽然失望，但作者发现，无论怎么责怪那个唱得不好的女孩，什么也改变不了。A.blame责怪，指责；B.encourage鼓励；C.call给……打电话；D.ask问。故选A。
12.B　因此，作者找到她，鼓励她，和她一起练习整个旋律。A.otherwise否则；B.therefore因此；C.however然而；D.besides此外。故选B。
13.C　在决赛中，由于完美的表现，作者所在的合唱团获得了奖牌。A.bad坏的；B.common普遍的；C.perfect完美的；D.rude粗鲁的。故选C。
14.C　当一个人犯了错误时，不要责备他/她，当你们为同样的目标而奋斗时，要帮助他/她解决问题。struggle for为固定搭配，意为“为……奋斗”，符合语境。故选C。
15.D　根据空后的“tears”可知，此处选与其对应的词laughter，表示“无论你将来和别人一起经历什么，成功或失败，欢笑或泪水，这些都一定会成为你宝贵的财富和记忆”。A.fear害怕；B.surprise惊奇；C.sadness悲伤；D.laughter笑声。故选D。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
【文本大意】文章主要介绍了迪拜新的未来博物馆的设计理念和对新技术的应用。
1.buildings　考查名词的数。空前有one of，因此此处用名词的复数形式，表示“……之一”，此处表示“它已经是这座城市最受欢迎的建筑之一”。故填buildings。
2.located　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，locate与其逻辑主语this shimmering silver landmark之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填located。
3.were added　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。这个博物馆已经建成，因此介绍它的建造过程，应用一般过去时；金属板是被加上，因此用被动语态；主语为复数名词plates，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were added。
4.on　考查介词。此处用介词on构成固定短语on a daily basis表示“每天”。故填on。
5.what　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，因此用连接代词what来引导。故填what。
6.and/while　考查连词。此处表示“迪拜的领导人宣布这座77米高的不锈钢环面是‘世界上最美丽的建筑’，而《建筑文摘》称它是‘一个瞬间的标志’”。前后句含并列对比之意，所以用and或while。故填and或while。
7.an　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个标志”，且instant以元音音素开头。故填an。
8.basically　考查副词。 空处位于be动词后，作状语，因此用副词形式。故填basically。
9.starting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，且many of the world’s greatest buildings 与start with之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填starting。
10.has brought　考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示“未来博物馆将建筑的未来带到了今天的迪拜”，此处用现在完成时表示已经发生的动作对现在产生的影响；主语为the Museum of the Future，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has brought。
高效作业19　[选择性必修第一册　Unit 3　Fascinating Parks]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【文本大意】本文主要讲述了如何在进行全球保护生物多样性的同时，确保土著社区的权益得到保护，并强调了土著社区在保护生物多样性方面的重要作用。
1.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“But the park was devastating for the Native Americans who had lived or hunted within their borders and who were displaced.(但是这个公园对于那些在他们的边界内生活或狩猎并流离失所的美洲土著居民是devastating。)”和第二段中的“The United States has taken one small step to compensate by returning the National Bison Range to its native owners as a first step.(作为补偿，美国已经迈出了一小步，通过将国家野牛保护区归还给土著拥有者作为第一步。)”可知，美洲土著居民被驱逐，不能生活在公园里，所以公园对他们来说是devastating，即毁灭性的，因此画线词devastating的意思是“毁灭性的，极具破坏力的”，和disastrous意思相近。故选D。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2016 biologist Edward re

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