资源简介

[先讲解]
injure /' nd (r)/ vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害
① injure one's reputation损害某人的名誉
② injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的
be/get badly/seriously injured 严重受伤
the injured 伤员
③ injury n. 伤害；损伤
【写作金句】　The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows, offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital. 营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(动作描写)
reaction /ri' k n/ n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
① a chemical/nuclear reaction 化学/核反应
in reaction to sth. 对某事作出反应
② react vi. 作出反应；回应；起化学反应
react to 对……作出反应
react with 与……起反应
【写作金句】　[译林必修三U2P16]Her students' reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks. 她的学生们反应迅速且正确——他们头朝里，钻到桌子下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。(动作描写)
signal /'s ɡn l/ vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志
n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
① traffic signals 交通信号灯
a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号
send a signal 发出信号
② signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal to sb. 向某人示意
【写作金句】　The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. 正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。(节日介绍)
confirm /k n'f m/ vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准
① confirm sth./that从句 证实/确认……
It has been confirmed that从句 已经确认……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm one's belief/determination 坚定某人的信念/决心
confirm one's opinion 证实某人的观点
② confirmation n. 证实；确认书；证明书
【写作金句】　[人教选必二U4P39]The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada. 窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈现出红色、金色和橘红色，地上覆盖着白霜，证实加拿大已经进入秋季。(环境描写)
occur to被想到，浮现在脑中
① It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想到做某事。
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that从句 某人想到……
② occurrence n. 发生；出现；存在
【写作金句】　I was going to pay by cash when it occurred to me that I had left my purse at home.
我正要用现金付款，突然想到我把钱包忘在家里了。(细节描写)
relief /r 'li f/ n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
① to one's (great) relief 令某人(深感)宽慰的是
It's a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人宽慰的。
What a relief! 可轻松了！真是松了一口气！
② relieve vt. 解除，减轻，缓和
relieve anxiety/guilt/stress 消除焦虑/内疚；缓解压力
relieve sb. of sth. 减轻某人的负担；解除某人的职务
③ relieved adj. 感到宽慰的；放心的
【写作金句】　[人教选必三U4P45]When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. 当我们最终获救时，我们长长地松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下泪水。(情绪描写)
inform / n'f m/ vt. 了解，熟悉；通知
① inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事
inform sb. that从句 告知某人……
keep sb. informed of sth. 让某人知道某事
② information n. 信息；消息；资料
③ informed adj. 有学问的；有见识的
【写作金句】　I am more than delighted to inform you that the activity is scheduled at 8：00 a．m. on 20 January in the lecture hall. 我很高兴地通知你，这次活动定于1月20日上午8点在报告厅举行。(邀请信)
【易错提醒】　inform后面不能直接跟双宾语，而是借助于介词of/about，构成inform sb. of/about sth. 结构。
It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 迈克尔很体贴，他告诉我们他的延误，以防我们担心。
shock / k/ n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动
vt. 使震惊
① in shock 处于休克状态
to one's shock令某人震惊的是……
② shock sb. 使某人震惊
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊
③ shocking adj. 令人震惊的；令人气愤的
【写作金句】　[人教选必二U2P20]Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。(学校生活)
scare /ske (r)/ vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕
n. 恐慌；惊吓
① scare...away/off 把……吓跑
scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
② scared adj. 害怕的，恐惧的
be scared to death 吓得要死
be scared to do sth.＝be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事
③ scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
【写作金句】　[人教选必一U3P31]Of course, Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from enormous swinging ships to scary free-fall drops. 当然，迪士尼还有很多十分刺激的游乐项目，如巨大的秋千船和恐怖的跳楼机。(推荐信)
run out of 用完，耗尽
run for 参加竞选
run across 偶然遇见(或看到)
run after 追赶，追逐
run away from 回避，躲避；逃离
run over 撞倒并碾轧
run into 偶然遇见；撞到
【辨析比较】　run out/run out of/use up
run out 意为“用完，耗尽”，不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等
run out of 意为“用完”，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人
use up 意为“用光，用完”，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人
① It was feared that food supplies would run out/be used up before the besieged town could be relieved. 人们担心食品储备在被围的城镇解围以前就会耗尽。
② I have run out of/used up my money, so I can't afford to buy this book. 我的钱早已经花完了，因此我买不起这本书。
supply /s 'pla / n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备　vt. 供应，供给，提供
① be in short supply供应短缺
supply and demand 供求
water/electricity supply供水/电
② supplies (pl.) 补给，补给品
medical supplies 医疗用品
③ supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
A supermarket will supply the earthquake-hit village with fruits and vegetables.
＝A supermarket will supply fruits and vegetables to the earthquake-hit village.
一家超市将为地震受灾的村庄提供水果和蔬菜。
【写作金句】 　[人教必修二U1P4]In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. 20世纪50年代，埃及政府打算在尼罗河上新建一座大坝，可以防洪、发电，并为该地区更多的农民供水。(宣传稿)
【特别提醒】　supply/provide/offer的用法区别
supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb.
provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
donate /d 'ne t/ vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)
① donate blood 献血
donate...to 向……捐赠……
② donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠；赠送
make a donation to 向……捐赠
③ donor n. 捐赠者；献血者
【写作金句】　We advocated that everyone in our school (should) donate some money to the earthquake-stricken area. 我们提倡学校里的每个人都(应该)向地震灾区捐一些钱。(倡议书)
curious /'kj ri s/ adj. 好奇的；奇特的
① be curious about 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 极想做某事
② curiously adv. 好奇地
③ curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲
out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity 好奇地
【写作金句】　[人教必修三U4P42]Mankind has always been curious about the universe and many people have dreamt that one day they would fly into space. 人类一直对宇宙充满好奇，许多人都梦想有一天他们能飞上太空。(演讲稿)
distance /'d st ns/ n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
① from/at a distance 离一段距离；从远处；久远地
in the distance 在远方
keep sb. at a distance 对……冷淡；与……保持一定距离
within walking distance 可步行到达
② distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的；恍惚的
a distant cousin/aunt/relative远房堂兄弟/姑母/亲戚
a distant look in one's eyes 眼神恍惚
【写作金句】　[译林选必三U1P12]In the distance, elephants were eating grass, ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. 远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。(情景描写)
[后练习]
考点1　injure的相关用法
① [人教必修一U4P50]The number of people who were killed or badly (injure) in the quake was more than 400,000.
② [北师必修二U6P59]His (injure) were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all and even needed a machine to help him breathe.
③ [写作迁移·译林选必二U1P2]大火还造成数十人受伤，其中5人伤势严重。
　
考点2　reaction的相关用法
① [北师选必三U7P9改]To lead a happy successful life requires being able to understand and react
situations in the best way possible.
② [人教选必二U5P56]Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and (react) immediately.
③ [外研选必四U5P71]These (react) help humankind delve into the unknown and advance towards a more progressive and civilized society.
④ [写作迁移·人教必修二U5P58]在第一次演出和观众的积极反应的鼓舞下，我继续弹钢琴，每天都更享受它。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day.
考点3　signal的相关用法
① [人教必修三U4P41]In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module (signal) the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.
② [译林选必三U2P20]One of its scientific goals is to detect communication (signal) between the stars in the universe.
③ [写作迁移·译林必修三U2P16]她示意学生们用手捂着头有序地离开教室。
　
考点4　confirm的相关用法
① [译林选必四U3P39]Remember, be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your
(confirm) interview time.
② Once the application (confirm), you will enter the famous university.
③ I'm still waiting for (confirm) from the travel agency about my tickets.
④ [写作迁移·人教必修三U3P34]据证实，周六晚上六点三十七分河北省发生了轻微地震，没有造成破坏。
a mild earthquake occurred at 6：37 p．m. on Saturday evening in Hebei Province, .
考点5　occur to的相关用法
① [北师选必一U3P53]And the fifth event, which (occur) 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs.
② Drunk driving, which was once a frequent (occur), is now under control.
③ Two people in South Korea survived being swallowed by a sinkhole suddenly (occur) in their courtyard.
④ [写作迁移·译林必修三U2P17] 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。(用it作形式主语)
　
考点6　relief的相关用法
① [北师必修一U2P37]Even a thirty-minute run will provide (relieve) from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.
② [译林选必一U1P3]One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and (relief) feelings of homesickness.
③ Happy and (relief) to see him, I said nothing about the monster, which by that time had left my house.
④ [写作迁移]令他母亲非常庆幸的是，迈克尔在大手术后康复了。
, Michael recovered after the major surgery.
考点7　inform的相关用法
① [译林选必二U1P3]We also need to be critical about the (inform) we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read.
② [外研选必二U2P28]In this way, they will be better equipped in their adult lives to make (inform) choices about how they use the money they have.
③ [写作迁移]我为没能通知你计划的改变而由衷地向你道歉。(道歉信)
考点8　shock的相关用法
① [外研必修三U6P84]Looking through my newspaper, I'm (shock) by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
② [人教必修一U4P50]People were shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
③ [人教选必一U2P20]This morning, I saw the (shock) headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.
④ [写作迁移]The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. Elli and I were shocked.
→The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in,
. (定语从句)
→ the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. (主语从句)
考点9　scare的相关用法
① [人教必修三U2P17]She was so (scare) during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.
② [人教选必一U2P20]Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a (scare) prospect.
③ [北师必修一U3P54]Tom also learnt that playing fireworks was (scare) away the monster Nian.
④ [写作迁移]当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们时，我几乎要吓死了。(心理描写)
When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us, .
考点10　run out of及其拓展短语的相关用法
① If you two hares at the same time, you will catch neither.
② The bus got out of control and a wall.
③ Food supplies had at the end of the trip.
④ I'm petrol, so I have to stop at the next filling station.
考点11　supply的相关用法
① After the war broke out, food was short supply all over the country.
② Fill in the form right now, making sure that every detail (supply) is accurate.
③ [北师必修一U1P15]The power and water (supply) were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook.
④ [写作迁移]此外，夏令营还为成员提供了参观博物馆的机会。
考点12　donate的相关用法
① [人教必修三U3P32]Traditionally, visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate, which was built using materials (donate) from China.
② [外研选必二U1P3]To give an example, I will be signing an organ (donate) agreement this time tomorrow.
③ [写作迁移·译林必修三U2P20]幸运的是，许多人前来帮助，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。
考点13　curious的相关用法
① [译林选必三U2P25]While space exploration is a reality, we remain (curiosity) about the mysteries of the universe.
② [译林必修三U4P43]The scientist is motivated primarily by (curious) and a desire for truth.
③ [写作迁移]如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇，你一定不能错过这个机会。(邀请信)
考点14　distance的相关用法
① [外研选必四U6P86]So great was the (distant) from Earth that it would need to travel for almost six years to reach its destination.
② [人教选必一U4P44]Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same (distance) expression on their faces.
③ [写作迁移]据说此山从远处看会更美丽。(用状语从句的省略结构)
odd / d/ A. adj. 奇怪的，怪异的　B. adj. 偶尔的　C. adj. 奇数的　D. adj. 不成对的
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [译林必修三U2P17]Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd.
② The odd numbers are on the left as you walk up the street.
③ We found him wearing odd socks that day and thought it was funny.
④ They headed to California to seek their fortune but ended up doing diverse odd jobs to earn a living.
power /'pa (r)/ A. n. 电，电力　B. n. 能力；力量　C. n. 政权；权力　D. vt. 驱动，推动
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
② [人教选必一U1P8]Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany.
③ So enormous was the hurricane's power that it carried away the whole building.
④ [人教选必三U3P36]Built from recycled materials, the school produces no waste and is powered by solar panels.
staff /stɑ f/ A. n. 全体职工　B. n. 管理人员
C．vt. 在……工作；任职于；为……配备职员
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① On behalf of the staff, I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you.
② We were showed in and the staff began to show us their exhibitions on show.
③ The advice centre is staffed entirely by volunteers.
slide /sla d/ A. n. 幻灯片　B. n. 山崩，崩塌
C. n. 滑梯　D. vi. 逐渐陷入　E. vi. & vt. 滑动；(使)滑行　F. vi. 快捷而悄声地移动
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① We slid down the roof and dropped to the ground.
② [译林必修二U3P41]As a group, put together your information to make your PPT slides.
③ He slid out of the lecture hall with nobody noticing him.
④ Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit.
⑤ The park rules state that no child shall be allowed to play on the slide without the company of an adult.
⑥ If a snow slide strikes, skiers can be buried alive by snow.
flood /fl d/ A. n. 洪水，水灾　B. n. 大量　
C. vi. & vt. 淹没，泛滥　D. vi. 大量涌入　
E. vi. 使大受感动；充满
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their home.
② [外研必修二U6P87]We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream.
③ Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.
④ They could afford to buy household goods thanks to a flood of imports from another country.
⑤ I felt a great sense of relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front.
dawn /d n/ A. n. 黎明，破晓　B. n. 开端，萌芽
C. n. 曙光　D. vi. 开始　E. vi. 开始清楚
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① He was awakened at dawn by the sound of crying.
② The dawn of peace has appeared, but the danger of war still remains.
③ [外研选必二U3P39]What's more, the Belt and Road Initiative will mean a new dawn for trade and investment between countries, leading into a new era of prosperity.
④ A new age dawned with the invention of the radio.
⑤ It dawned on me that I still had talent and should run again.
sharp / ɑ p/ A. adj. 灵敏的，敏锐的　B．adj. 锋利的　C．adj. 急剧的　D. adj. 明显的　E. adv. (用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
② [译林选必一U1P5]However, the sharp increase in blood sugar will cause the body to produce a special chemical to remove it.
③ The shepherd swiftly sheared the sleepy sheep with the sharp scissors.
④ Dad says I've got to be home at seven o'clock sharp.
⑤ In sharp contrast to her mood, the clouds were breaking up to reveal a blue sky.
the moment...
【课本原句】　The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
表示“一……就……”的常用表达
as soon as
no sooner...than
hardly/scarcely...when
the moment/the minute/the instant
on/upon＋动名词/名词
instantly/directly/immediately
【特别提醒】　no sooner...than与hardly/scarcely...when 结构中主句谓语动词使用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。此外，若把no sooner或hardly/scarcely置于句首，主句要用部分倒装语序。
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
＝Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
【写作迁移】　语法填空/一句多译
① They had hardly arrived at the airport it began to rain.
② No sooner (have) they got to the station they met the young man.
③ On his (arrive) in Beijing, he gave his parents a call.
④ 大学一毕业，他就去了一所乡村小学当老师。
(on/upon)
(the moment)
(hardly...when)
as if引导的方式状语从句＋省略句
【课本原句】　In its forum, the half-finished columns seemed as if just left by the workman's
hand. 广场上，那些尚未完工的石柱看起来就像刚刚离开工匠之手。
本句是一个复合句，其中as if引导的状语从句省略了主语和be动词。补充完整应该是：as if they were just left by the workman's hand.
as if引导从句的语气和时态：
① 陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
② 虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
① They treat me as if I were a stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
② He talks as if he had been abroad.
他说起话来好像曾经出过国。
③ He speaks as if he would suffer a deadly disease soon. 听他说话那语气好像不久就要得致命的疾病似的。
【特别提醒】　as if引导状语从句时，当主句和从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略主语和be动词。
He opened his mouth as if (he were) to say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。
【写作迁移】　语法填空/完成句子
① It looks as if the sea water (be not) clean enough to swim here.
② He talks as if he (know) where she was but actually he doesn't.
③ Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he (do) something clever.
④ Tom raised his right hand as if (say) something.
⑤ 他打开抽屉仿佛在找一件什么重要的东西。
He opened the drawer
.Unit 2　Natural disasters
核心词汇
1. ① injured　② injuries　③ The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a critical condition.
2. ① to　② reacted　③ reactions　④ Encouraged by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience
3. ① signalled　② signals　③ She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
4. ① confirmed　② is confirmed　③ confirmation　④ It was confirmed that; causing no damage
5. ① occurred　② occurrence　③ occurring　④ It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
6. ① relief　② relieving　③ relieved　④ Much to his mother's relief
7. ① information　② informed 　③ I sincerely apologized to you for not being able to inform you of the change in the plan.
8. ① shocked　② in　③ shocking　④ which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked; What shocked Elli and me was that
9. ① scared　② scary　③ to scare　④ I was nearly scared to death
10. ① run after　② ran into　③ run out　④ running out of
11. ① in　② supplied　③ supplies　④ In addition, the summer camp supplies members with a chance to visit museums.
12. ① donated　② donation　③ Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities.
13. ① curious　② curiosity　③ If you are curious about the history of our school, you mustn't miss the chance.
14. ① distance　② distant　③ It is said that the mountain is more beautiful when seen from/at a distance.
一词多义
1. ① A　 ② C　 ③ D ④ B
2. ① A　 ② C　 ③ B　 ④ D
3. ① A　 ② B　 ③ C
4. ① E　 ② A　 ③ F　 ④ D　 ⑤ C　 ⑥ B
5. ① C　 ② A　 ③ D　 ④ B　 ⑤ E
6. ① A　 ② C　 ③ B　 ④ D　 ⑤ E
7. ① A　 ② C　 ③ B　 ④ E　 ⑤ D
重难句式
1. ① when　② had; than　③ arrival/arriving　④ On/Upon graduating from university, he worked as a teacher in a rural primary school. /The moment he graduated from university, he worked as a teacher in a rural primary school. /Hardly had he graduated from university when he worked as a teacher in a rural primary school.
2. ① isn't　② knew　③ had done　④ to say　⑤ as if (he was) searching for something important(共63张PPT)
必修　第三册
Unit 2　Natural disasters
核心词汇
①injure one's reputation损害某人的名誉
②injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的
be/get badly/seriously injured 严重受伤
the injured 伤员
③injury n. 伤害；损伤
1
injure /' nd (r)/ vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害
[先讲解]
【写作金句】The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows, offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital. 营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(动作描写)
①a chemical/nuclear reaction 化学/核反应
in reaction to sth. 对某事作出反应
②react vi. 作出反应；回应；起化学反应
react to 对……作出反应
react with 与……起反应
2
reaction /ri' k n/ n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
【写作金句】[译林必修三U2P16]Her students' reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks. 她的学生们反应迅速且正确——他们头朝里，钻到桌子下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。(动作描写)
①traffic signals 交通信号灯
a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号
send a signal 发出信号
②signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal to sb. 向某人示意
3
signal /'s ɡn l/ vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志 n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
【写作金句】The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. 正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。(节日介绍)
①confirm sth./that从句 证实/确认……
It has been confirmed that从句 已经确认……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm one's belief/determination 坚定某人的信念/决心
confirm one's opinion 证实某人的观点
②confirmation n. 证实；确认书；证明书
4
confirm /k n'f m/ vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准
【写作金句】[人教选必二U4P39]The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada. 窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈现出红色、金色和橘红色，地上覆盖着白霜，证实加拿大已经进入秋季。(环境描写)
①It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想到做某事。
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that从句 某人想到……
②occurrence n. 发生；出现；存在
5
occur to被想到，浮现在脑中
【写作金句】I was going to pay by cash when it occurred to me that I had left my purse at home.
我正要用现金付款，突然想到我把钱包忘在家里了。(细节描写)
①to one's (great) relief 令某人(深感)宽慰的是
It's a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人宽慰的。
What a relief! 可轻松了！真是松了一口气！
②relieve vt. 解除，减轻，缓和
relieve anxiety/guilt/stress 消除焦虑/内疚；缓解压力
relieve sb. of sth. 减轻某人的负担；解除某人的职务
③relieved adj. 感到宽慰的；放心的
6
relief /r 'li f/ n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
【写作金句】[人教选必三U4P45]When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. 当我们最终获救时，我们长长地松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下泪水。(情绪描写)
①inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事
inform sb. that从句 告知某人……
keep sb. informed of sth. 让某人知道某事
②information n. 信息；消息；资料
③informed adj. 有学问的；有见识的
7
inform / n'f m/ vt. 了解，熟悉；通知
【写作金句】I am more than delighted to inform you that the activity is scheduled at 8：00 a．m. on 20 January in the lecture hall. 我很高兴地通知你，这次活动定于1月20日上午8点在报告厅举行。(邀请信)
【易错提醒】inform后面不能直接跟双宾语，而是借助于介词of/about，构成inform sb. of/about sth. 结构。
It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 迈克尔很体贴，他告诉我们他的延误，以防我们担心。
①in shock 处于休克状态
to one's shock令某人震惊的是……
②shock sb. 使某人震惊
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊
③shocking adj. 令人震惊的；令人气愤的
8
shock / k/ n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt. 使震惊
【写作金句】[人教选必二U2P20]Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。(学校生活)
①scare...away/off 把……吓跑
scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
②scared adj. 害怕的，恐惧的
be scared to death 吓得要死
be scared to do sth.＝be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事
③scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
9
scare /ske (r)/ vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 n. 恐慌；惊吓
【写作金句】[人教选必一U3P31]Of course, Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from enormous swinging ships to scary free-fall drops. 当然，迪士尼还有很多十分刺激的游乐项目，如巨大的秋千船和恐怖的跳楼机。(推荐信)
run for 参加竞选
run across 偶然遇见(或看到)
run after 追赶，追逐
run away from 回避，躲避；逃离
run over 撞倒并碾轧
run into 偶然遇见；撞到
10
run out of 用完，耗尽
【辨析比较】　run out/run out of/use up
run out 意为“用完，耗尽”，不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等
run out of 意为“用完”，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人
use up 意为“用光，用完”，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人
①It was feared that food supplies would run out/be used up before the besieged town could be relieved. 人们担心食品储备在被围的城镇解围以前就会耗尽。
②I have run out of/used up my money, so I can't afford to buy this book. 我的钱早已经花完了，因此我买不起这本书。
①be in short supply供应短缺
supply and demand 供求
water/electricity supply供水/电
②supplies (pl.) 补给，补给品
medical supplies 医疗用品
③supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
A supermarket will supply the earthquake-hit village with fruits and vegetables.
＝A supermarket will supply fruits and vegetables to the earthquake-hit village.
一家超市将为地震受灾的村庄提供水果和蔬菜。
11
supply /s 'pla / n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备　vt. 供应，供给，提供
【写作金句】[人教必修二U1P4]In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. 20世纪50年代，埃及政府打算在尼罗河上新建一座大坝，可以防洪、发电，并为该地区更多的农民供水。(宣传稿)
【特别提醒】supply/provide/offer的用法区别
supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb.
provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
①donate blood 献血
donate...to 向……捐赠……
②donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠；赠送
make a donation to 向……捐赠
③donor n. 捐赠者；献血者
12
donate /d 'ne t/ vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)
【写作金句】We advocated that everyone in our school (should) donate some money to the earthquake-stricken area. 我们提倡学校里的每个人都(应该)向地震灾区捐一些钱。(倡议书)
①be curious about 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 极想做某事
②curiously adv. 好奇地
③curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲
out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity 好奇地
13
curious /'kj ri s/ adj. 好奇的；奇特的
【写作金句】[人教必修三U4P42]Mankind has always been curious about the universe and many people have dreamt that one day they would fly into space. 人类一直对宇宙充满好奇，许多人都梦想有一天他们能飞上太空。(演讲稿)
①from/at a distance 离一段距离；从远处；久远地
in the distance 在远方
keep sb. at a distance 对……冷淡；与……保持一定距离
within walking distance 可步行到达
②distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的；恍惚的
a distant cousin/aunt/relative远房堂兄弟/姑母/亲戚
a distant look in one's eyes 眼神恍惚
14
distance /'d st ns/ n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
【写作金句】[译林选必三U1P12]In the distance, elephants were eating grass, ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. 远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。(情景描写)
核心词汇
①[人教必修一U4P50]The number of people who were killed or badly _________ (injure) in the quake was more than 400,000.
②[北师必修二U6P59]His __________(injure) were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all and even needed a machine to help him breathe.
③[写作迁移·译林选必二U1P2]大火还造成数十人受伤，其中5人伤势严重。
____________________________________________________________________
[后练习]
考点1
injure的相关用法
injured
injuries
Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle.
①[北师选必三U7P9改]To lead a happy successful life requires being able to understand and react ____ situations in the best way possible.
②[人教选必二U5P56]Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and _________ (react) immediately.
③[外研选必四U5P71]These ___________(react) help humankind delve into the unknown and advance towards a more progressive and civilized society.
考点2
reaction的相关用法
to
reacted　
reactions　
④[写作迁移·人教必修二U5P58]在第一次演出和观众的积极反应的鼓舞下，我继续弹钢琴，每天都更享受它。
____________________________________________________________________, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day.
Encouraged by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience
①[人教必修三U4P41]In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module ___________ (signal) the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.
②[译林选必三U2P20]One of its scientific goals is to detect communication _________(signal) between the stars in the universe.
③[写作迁移·译林必修三U2P16]她示意学生们用手捂着头有序地离开教室。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点3
signal的相关用法
signalled
signals
She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.　
①[译林选必四U3P39]Remember, be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your ___________(confirm) interview time.
②Once the application ______________(confirm), you will enter the famous university.
③I'm still waiting for______________(confirm) from the travel agency about my tickets.
考点4
confirm的相关用法
confirmed
is confirmed
confirmation
④[写作迁移·人教必修三U3P34]据证实，周六晚上六点三十七分河北省发生了轻微地震，没有造成破坏。
_______________________ a mild earthquake occurred at 6：37 p．m. on Saturday evening in Hebei Province, ___________________.
It was confirmed that
causing no damage
①[北师选必一U3P53]And the fifth event, which __________(occur) 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs.
②Drunk driving, which was once a frequent ____________(occur), is now under control.
③Two people in South Korea survived being swallowed by a sinkhole suddenly ____________(occur) in their courtyard.
④[写作迁移·译林必修三U2P17] 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。(用it作形式主语)
_____________________________________________________________________
考点5
occur to的相关用法
occurred
occurrence
occurring
It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
①[北师必修一U2P37]Even a thirty-minute run will provide ________(relieve) from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.
②[译林选必一U1P3]One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and ___________(relief) feelings of homesickness.
③Happy and __________(relief) to see him, I said nothing about the monster, which by that time had left my house.
④[写作迁移]令他母亲非常庆幸的是，迈克尔在大手术后康复了。
_____________________________, Michael recovered after the major surgery.
考点6
relief的相关用法
relief
relieving
relieved
Much to his mother's relief
①[译林选必二U1P3]We also need to be critical about the _____________(inform) we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read.
②[外研选必二U2P28]In this way, they will be better equipped in their adult lives to make __________(inform) choices about how they use the money they have.
③[写作迁移]我为没能通知你计划的改变而由衷地向你道歉。(道歉信)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点7
inform的相关用法
information
informed
I sincerely apologized to you for not being able to inform you of the change in the plan.　
①[外研必修三U6P84]Looking through my newspaper, I'm _________(shock) by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
②[人教必修一U4P50]People were ____ shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
③[人教选必一U2P20]This morning, I saw the __________(shock) headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.
考点8
shock的相关用法
shocked
in
shocking
④[写作迁移]The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. Elli and I were shocked.
→The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in, _____________________ _____________________________________. (定语从句)
→___________________________________ the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. (主语从句)
which shocked Elli and
me/which made Elli and me shocked
What shocked Elli and me was that
①[人教必修三U2P17]She was so ________(scare) during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.
②[人教选必一U2P20]Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a _______(scare) prospect.
③[北师必修一U3P54]Tom also learnt that playing fireworks was __________ (scare) away the monster Nian.
④[写作迁移]当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们时，我几乎要吓死了。(心理描写)
When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us, _________________ _____________.
考点9
scare的相关用法
scared
scary
to scare
I was nearly scared
to death
①If you ___________ two hares at the same time, you will catch neither.
②The bus got out of control and __________ a wall.
③Food supplies had _________ at the end of the trip.
④I'm ________________ petrol, so I have to stop at the next filling station.
考点10
run out of及其拓展短语的相关用法
run after
ran into
run out
running out of
①After the war broke out, food was ____ short supply all over the country.
②Fill in the form right now, making sure that every detail__________(supply) is accurate.
③[北师必修一U1P15]The power and water __________(supply) were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook.
④[写作迁移]此外，夏令营还为成员提供了参观博物馆的机会。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点11
supply的相关用法
in
supplied
supplies
In addition, the summer camp supplies members with a chance to visit museums.
①[人教必修三U3P32]Traditionally, visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate, which was built using materials _________(donate) from China.
②[外研选必二U1P3]To give an example, I will be signing an organ __________ (donate) agreement this time tomorrow.
③[写作迁移·译林必修三U2P20]幸运的是，许多人前来帮助，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。
___________________________________________________________________
考点12
donate的相关用法
donated
donation
Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities.
①[译林选必三U2P25]While space exploration is a reality, we remain _________ (curiosity) about the mysteries of the universe.
②[译林必修三U4P43]The scientist is motivated primarily by ___________(curious) and a desire for truth.
③[写作迁移]如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇，你一定不能错过这个机会。(邀请信)
____________________________________________________________________
考点13
curious的相关用法
curious
curiosity
If you are curious about the history of our school, you mustn't miss the chance.
①[外研选必四U6P86]So great was the __________(distant) from Earth that it would need to travel for almost six years to reach its destination.
②[人教选必一U4P44]Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same _________(distance) expression on their faces.
③[写作迁移]据说此山从远处看会更美丽。(用状语从句的省略结构)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点14
distance的相关用法
distance
distant
　
It is said that the mountain is more beautiful when seen from/at a distance.
一词多义
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
①[译林必修三U2P17]Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd. ___
②The odd numbers are on the left as you walk up the street. ___
③We found him wearing odd socks that day and thought it was funny.___
④They headed to California to seek their fortune but ended up doing diverse odd jobs to earn a living.___
1
odd / d/ A. adj. 奇怪的，怪异的　B. adj. 偶尔的　C. adj. 奇数的　
D. adj. 不成对的
A
C
D
B
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
①Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred. ___
②[人教选必一U1P8]Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. ___
③So enormous was the hurricane's power that it carried away the whole building. ___
④[人教选必三U3P36]Built from recycled materials, the school produces no waste and is powered by solar panels.___
2
power /'pa (r)/ A. n. 电，电力　B. n. 能力；力量　C. n. 政权；权力　
D. vt. 驱动，推动
A
C
B
D
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
①On behalf of the staff, I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you. ___
②We were showed in and the staff began to show us their exhibitions on show. ___
③The advice centre is staffed entirely by volunteers. ___
3
staff /stɑ f/ A. n. 全体职工　B. n. 管理人员 C. vt. 在……工作；任职于；为……配备职员
A
B
C
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
①We slid down the roof and dropped to the ground. ___
②[译林必修二U3P41]As a group, put together your information to make your PPT slides. ___
③He slid out of the lecture hall with nobody noticing him.___
④Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit. ___
⑤The park rules state that no child shall be allowed to play on the slide without the company of an adult. ___
⑥ If a snow slide strikes, skiers can be buried alive by snow.___
4
slide /sla d/ A. n. 幻灯片　B. n. 山崩，崩塌 C. n. 滑梯　D. vi. 逐渐陷入　E. vi. & vt. 滑动；(使)滑行　F. vi. 快捷而悄声地移动
E
A
F
D
C
B
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
①The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their home. ___
②[外研必修二U6P87]We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream. ___
③Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country. ___
5
flood /fl d/ A. n. 洪水，水灾　B. n. 大量　C. vi. & vt. 淹没，泛滥　
D. vi. 大量涌入　E. vi. 使大受感动；充满
C
A
D
④They could afford to buy household goods thanks to a flood of imports from another country. ___
⑤I felt a great sense of relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front. ___
B
E
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
①He was awakened at dawn by the sound of crying. ___
②The dawn of peace has appeared, but the danger of war still remains.___
③[外研选必二U3P39]What's more, the Belt and Road Initiative will mean a new dawn for trade and investment between countries, leading into a new era of prosperity.___
④A new age dawned with the invention of the radio. ___
⑤It dawned on me that I still had talent and should run again. ___
6
dawn /d n/ A. n. 黎明，破晓　B. n. 开端，萌芽 C. n. 曙光　D. vi. 开始　E. vi. 开始清楚
A
C
B
D
E
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
①If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions. ___
②[译林选必一U1P5]However, the sharp increase in blood sugar will cause the body to produce a special chemical to remove it.___
③The shepherd swiftly sheared the sleepy sheep with the sharp scissors.___
④Dad says I've got to be home at seven o'clock sharp.___
⑤In sharp contrast to her mood, the clouds were breaking up to reveal a blue sky.___
7
sharp / ɑ p/ A. adj. 灵敏的，敏锐的　B. adj. 锋利的　C. adj. 急剧的　
D. adj. 明显的　E. adv. (用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整
A
C
B
E
D
重难句式
【课本原句】The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
1
the moment...
表示“一……就……”的常用表达
as soon as
no sooner...than
hardly/scarcely...when
the moment/the minute/the instant
on/upon＋动名词/名词
instantly/directly/immediately
【特别提醒】no sooner...than与hardly/scarcely...when 结构中主句谓语动词使用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。此外，若把no sooner或hardly/ scarcely置于句首，主句要用部分倒装语序。
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
＝Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
【写作迁移】　语法填空/一句多译
①They had hardly arrived at the airport______ it began to rain.
②No sooner _____(have) they got to the station______ they met the young man.
③On his__________________(arrive) in Beijing, he gave his parents a call.
when
had
than
arrival/arriving
④大学一毕业，他就去了一所乡村小学当老师。
On/Upon graduating from university, he worked as a teacher in a rural primary school.
The moment he graduated from university, he worked as a teacher in a rural primary school.
Hardly had he graduated from university when he worked as a teacher in a rural primary school.
(on/upon)
(the moment)
(hardly...when)
【课本原句】In its forum, the half-finished columns seemed as if just left by the workman's hand. 广场上，那些尚未完工的石柱看起来就像刚刚离开工匠之手。
2
as if引导的方式状语从句＋省略句
本句是一个复合句，其中as if引导的状语从句省略了主语和be动词。补充完整应该是：as if they were just left by the workman's hand.
as if引导从句的语气和时态：
①陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
②虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
①They treat me as if I were a stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
②He talks as if he had been abroad.
他说起话来好像曾经出过国。
③He speaks as if he would suffer a deadly disease soon. 听他说话那语气好像不久就要得致命的疾病似的。
【特别提醒】as if引导状语从句时，当主句和从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略主语和be动词。
He opened his mouth as if (he were) to say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。
【写作迁移】语法填空/完成句子
①It looks as if the sea water _______(be not) clean enough to swim here.
②He talks as if he ______(know) where she was but actually he doesn't.
③Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he __________(do) something clever.
④Tom raised his right hand as if ________(say) something.
⑤他打开抽屉仿佛在找一件什么重要的东西。
He opened the drawer __________________________________________________.
isn't
knew
had done
to say
as if (he was) searching for something important

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