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(共30张PPT)
Grammar
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
复习目标
1.复习形容词，副词的定义及基本用法。
2.复习形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成，用法和含比较级，
最高级句子的表达。
形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质、特征或属性的一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。
副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.
一、形容词和副词的概念
学程一
look and say
① 形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
如: a new book, two big trees 等。
二、形容词和副词的用法
② 形容词放在系动词be, look, get, keep, turn, feel,
become, seem, grow, smell等之后。如:
1. I am short.
2. She looks fine.
3. They turn green.
③程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词。
如：very tall, too hot, so cold, quite interesting.
④ 副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副 词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如:
1. She works hard .（修饰动词）
2. I am very busy.（修饰形容词）
3. He runs too quickly .（修饰副词）
4. We play happily. （修饰动词）
构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
单音节词和少数多音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est/ist/ cold colder coldest
fast faster fastest
以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r或-st nice nicer nicest
large larger largest
重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母；再加-er或-est big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-est easy easier easiest
early earlier earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most tired more tired most tired
easily more easily most easily
学程 二
形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成
P106
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
little less least
many/much more most
far farther(距离更远的) further(程度 进一步) farthest（距离最远的）
furthest（最大程度的）
old older（更旧的； 年龄更大的） /elder（更年长的） oldest（最旧的；
年龄最大的）
/eldest（最年长的）
Can you distinguish them？
形容词和副词的等级
形容词和副词有三个等级：
原级、比较级、最高级
学程三 学习形容词副词的原级，比较级，最高级
1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。
small, good, pretty, big, many, hard, happily, slowly, quickly.
(1)程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的
原级。
如：very tall, too hot, so cold, quite interesting.
（2）.同级比较：
否定结构：
as + adj./adv.原级 + as 和...一样
not as/so + adj./adv.原级 + as 不如...
句式结构：
A+ be + as adj. as + B.
A+ 实义v. + as adv. as + B.
1. I am as tall as Tom.
2. He runs as fast as Sam.
2. 比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：连词 than (比）
eg. Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter
than Ella's.
句型结构:
A
B
be
形容词比较级
than
+
+
+
+
eg. He is taller than me.
A
B
have/ has
形容词比较级
than
+
+
+
+
+
n
eg. He has longer hair than me.
A
B
v
副词比较级
than
+
+
+
+
eg. She also sings more loudly than me.
（1）
（2）the + 比较级 + …… + the +比较级
表示“ 越……，就越……”
eg.The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
The harder you study, the more you will get.
(3) 形容词的比较级 + and + 形容词的比较级
（前后形容词是同一个） 越来越……
eg.She is becoming thinner and thinner.
Our country is becoming richer and richer.
There are more and more students in our school.
(4) the + 形容词比较级 + of +two短语
两者中比较……的一个
eg.She is the prettier of the two girls.
The bike is the older of the two.
He is the taller of the two.
（5）比较级表最高级情况：“比其他的任何......都......”
比较级+ than any other + 单数名词
=比较级+than the other +名词复数
eg. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.
=Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China.
= Shanghai is the largest city in China.
（6）. “Which / Who is + 比较级…, A or B？”
A和B, 哪一个/谁更……？
eg. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one
Who is taller, Mary or Kate
（7）. 数词+ times +比较级+ than
"...倍"
eg. China is 25 times bigger than Japan.
注意：
1). than后面接代词时, 一般要用主格形式，但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。
eg. My brother is taller than I/me.
They are taller than him.(宾格)
He is shorter than them.(宾格)
2). much, even, still,rather, any，far，a little, a lot, a bit等词用来修饰比较级。可以加强语气或表示比较程度。表示“…的多”, “甚至…”, “更…”, “…一些”。
eg. China has become much stronger than before.
This city is far more beautiful than before.
She’s a little more outgoing than me.
3). 形容词比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人或事物, 但在上下文明确的情况下, 形容词比较级可单独使用。
eg. My sister is tall, but my aunt is taller.
我姐姐个子高, 但我姑姑个子更高。
4). 如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。
eg. His shirt is more expensive than mine.
5). 比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词 that ，those, one ,ones.
eg.The new building is higher than the old one.
Those apples are bigger than these ones.
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of
Shanghai.
3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之 间的比较。
标志词：in+大范围, of all, of +the+具体的数字,among all+复数名词
表示“最……”的意思。
在形容词的最高级前必须加 the; 副词之前可以不加。
（1）the + 形容词最高级+ of/in ...
eg.Mary is the tallest of all the classmates .
Mary is the tallest in the class .
（2）the +序数词 +形容词最高级+ 名词
“第几最......”
eg.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .
eg. Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
(3) one of+ the+最高级+复数名词
eg. Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom
Which language is ____ , English, French or Chinese
A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult
C
(4) Which/Who…+ 最高级，A ，B or C
（5）当最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格 等修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.
eg.My best friend is Mary.
Thanks for listening!

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