资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Inventions
Section 1 Listening and Speaking分层练习
基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03
一、语音考查
A 标出句尾读音升降调
1. Can I have a look
2. What did you do at the weekend
3. Do you have any plans for summer
4. I played hockey with my friends.
5.What do you want to do today
6.Is there a river near the village
B.根据音标写出单词
1. ___________/ l / it rained, we still had a good time in the park.
2.She learned a new cooking___________ /tek ni k/ from her mother.
3. ___________/ p s n li/, I think English is an interesting subject.
4.Doing exercise every day can___________ / ben f t/ our health.
5.You can't find such a nice book_____________ / eniwe (r)/ else.
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.This incredible invention will keep you____________(complete) dry from head to toe..
2.Listening to music is a good way to relax___________(we).
3.Are you tired of__________(walk)into things when it’s dark
4.Perhaps your cat can do a_________(good)job than you.
5.The development of AI technology brings us a lot of_____________(convenient).
6.Do cars come around the corner when you try__________(cross)the road
7.We are all _________ by the_________ magic show performed by the young boy.（amaze）
8.The great _________ spent years working on his new _________, which changed people's daily lives.（invent）
9.After a long week of hard work, we felt _________ while enjoying the _________ music by the lake.（relax）
10.__________, I don’t like sharing my __________ things with people I don’t know well.（person）
三、根据要求完成句子
1.据说茶是偶然被发明。
It is said that tea_____ _______ ____ ________.
2.当下大雨的时候，外出不是什么乐事。
When it rains a lot, it’s no fun _______ _____.
3.幸运的是，一个发明家找到了结局问题的办法。
Luckily, one ___________has found______ ________ ______this problem.
4.它可能看起来有点滑稽，一些人可能觉得它奇怪。
It might look a little_______, and some people might_____ _____ _______.
5.我厌倦了一直做同一件事。
I_____ _____ ____doing the same thing all the time.
四、听选信息
听选信息1
1. What is the boy trying to invent
(A flying car. / A smart basket. / A school bag with wings.)
2. Where did the boy get the idea
(From a dream. / From a hot air balloon. / From an encyclopaedia.)
听选信息2
3. How many prizes did the boy win
(Two. / Three. / Five.)
4. What is the boy's favourite invention
(The LED Slippers. / The Smart Key Finder. / The Full-Body Umbrella.)
听选信息35. When did the girl visit the new science museum
(Last weekend. / Yesterday. / During summer break.)
6. What does the girl think of the invention of the wheel
(It was easy to make. / It made travel faster. / It brought new inventions.)
五、回答问题
7. What was Charles's job
8. When did Charles make the first 3D printer
9. What was his first 3D-printed product
10. What do astronauts print in space
六、信息转述
你将听到有关Suzy想要发明的物品的短文。请根据所听到的内容和提示在60秒钟内复述该短文，包含全部要点。 现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读故事首句及要点提示。
Suzy wants to invent a smart bed.
Every morning, ... so she …
This smart bed can ...
At night, …
In the morning ,…
At the same time, …That helps …
Suzy believes …and …
你可以这样开始: Suzy wants to invent a smart bed.
速记区域
七、短文填词
A 短文填词
Thomas Edison was an American inventor. He helped to invent the record player, the movie camera, and of course, the light bulb. He said, “Genius is one percent inspiration, and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” He believed that to be successful, hard work is necessary—there is no 1.d_________ about it.
Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He was a terrible student and only went to school for three months. After that, his mother taught him at home. Edison was almost deaf, so it was difficult for him to learn like everyone else. But he didn’t give in to the 2.c_________; instead, he overcame his deafness through hard work.
However, Edison’s mother was not his only teacher. When Edison was a teenager, he saw a little boy playing on the train tracks and saved the little boy’s life. The boy’s father was very grateful. To thank Edison, he taught him a useful telegraphy 3.t_________. From that, Edison got the idea for his first great invention—the record player. That is how Thomas Edison started as an inventor.
Thomas Edison invented the research lab. Instead of working alone, he had a large group of scientists and inventors. They didn’t 4.d________on a single person’s ideas; they worked together to invent new technologies. Edison was also a 5.s_________businessman. He was able to sell these new technologies and make a large profit, and people around the world could 6.b_________from his creations.
7.A___________ Edison was not good at school, he was still a success. Today everyone knows the name of Thomas Edison because of his “ninety-nine percent perspiration.”
B 语法填空
There is a common saying that necessity is the mother of innovation (创新) . Every new invention satisfies some kind of need.
People needed to see 1 wearing glasses, so someone invented contact lenses (隐形眼镜) . People needed to communicate with friends and family from far away, so phones 2 (invent) about over 100 years ago. People want these inventions because they can make their lives much easier.
Now the more you have, the 3 (little) work you have to do. For example, plenty of people live their whole lives with a microwave (微波炉) . There are lots of other ways to heat food, but nobody 4 (want) to put in the effort if they don’t have to. Wouldn’t you rather just push a button (按钮) and wait two minutes
Laziness and innovation go hand in hand. Inventors are 5 (common) very lazy. Let’s take 6 example of Benjamin Franklin. He famously called 7 (him) the laziest man in the world. He said he would invent things simply 8 (save) a little bit of time and effort. He was tired of swimming, so he invented flippers (脚蹼) . He created bifocals (远近两用眼镜) 9 he was too lazy to change between different pairs of glasses.
Lazy people make fantastic inventors since they are always looking for the fastest and the most efficient (有效的) way to get things done. Their lazy thoughts motivate (激励) them to find 10 (create) solutions.
八、语法选择
Lu Ban was a famous woodworker during the Spring and Autumn Period. One day, he was given a task which seemed difficult to complete—collect ____1___wood and build a palace.
At the beginning, Lu Ban and his men took 2 axes to a mountain to cut down tall and thick trees. However, it was very difficult 3 that with only axes. After several days of hard work, Lu Ban and his men met a problem 4 the task. They were really tired, 5 the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace. Lu Ban became 6 . He tried to think of ways to cut down trees quickly and easily.
When he went to a mountain to look for more good wood, he suddenly fell over. Luckily, he 7 out and held on to some grass. 8 the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent because he was already lost in thought.
“Why 9 this grass so sharp ” He thought about it 10 as he looked at the small cuts on his hand. Lu Ban examined the grass and noticed 11 its leaves had many little sharp teeth. He used these teeth to make a small cut on his hand, and they easily cut through the skin. 12 idea came into his mind, “If I make a tool with many small saw-like teeth, wouldn’t we cut down trees much faster ”
Lu Ban invented a new tool called ju (saw in English) and tried it out. It worked. Soon, all 13 workers learnt to use saws. In the end, they 14 cut down large trees quickly.
With the help of the saw, the palace 15 on time.
1. A. a great amount of B. a great number of C. the great number of D. the great amount of
2. A. they B. their C. them D. themselves
3. A. do B. doing C. done D. to do
4. A. by B. in C. to D. with
5. A. and B. or C. but D. so
6. A. worry B. worrying C. worried D. worriedly
7. A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. was reaching
8. A. If B. Because C. Until D. Although
9. A. does B. did C. is D. was
10. A. care B. caring C. careful D. carefully
11. A. that B. what C. how D. why
12. A. A B. An C. The D. /
13. A. the other B. others C. another D. the others
14. A. could B. must C. should D. would
15. A. completed B. was completed C. has completed D. were completed
九、完形填空
I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began when I was a kid. I really became 16 about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.
　　One day in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a project in class. We had to write to a company and learn about the products(产品). I thought and thought. 17 I chose the Thomas A. Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. I enjoyed reading and reading again about his 18 ! I like the recorded sound and the electric light most and kept the inventions in my heart.
　　My dad found that I was interested in inventing and 19 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into 20 and then into new things. Once, I made a model plane and my dad was very surprised. Later, we found a similar model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not 21 for this to happen. I also learned that not all great ideas 22 . Failure is a common part of the inventing.
　　As my father and I worked together, I began to 23 that my dad was quite an inventor himself. He was always 24 a better way to do an easy job. His 25 , together with my interest in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. Of course, I also thank Thomas Edison. He is my hero.
16 A. surprised B. excited C. bored D. worried
17 A. Finally B. Suddenly C. Hardly D. Probably
18 A. conversations B. feelings C. inventions D. knowledge
19 A. allowed B. discussed C. replied D. encouraged
20 A. plans B. homework C. advice D. introduction
21 A. helpful B. successful C. traditional D. unusual
22 A. win B. depend C. work D. create
23 A. promise B. realize C. decide D. imagine
24 A. looking up B. taking in C. looking for D. giving up
25 A. guide B. order C. rule D. career
十、阅读理解
A
Have you ever thought about the possibility that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to 5℃ on hot summer days Thanks to a recent invention, it will probably come true. The amazing invention helps people feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on hot days.
Its inventors, engineers Ma Yaoguang and Tao Guangming in China, had a completely fantastic way. They made a special textile (纺织品). It can take in body heat and send out its energy into space. This textile cools both the objects and the area around them through radioactive cooling (辐射冷却). This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a common shirt, you are in fact wearing something that works like a mirror.
Research at Stanford University had already succeeded in cooling the wearers by 3℃, but this invention was not good enough. So researchers still need to test the new invention to decide how well it works while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their research.
Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking for textile factories and clothing brands (品牌) that are interested in using their textile. They predict that the new material will increase clothing costs by just 10%. “We can make it with more production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones.” Tao said.
So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature, be patient because your days of feeling hot may be coming to an end!
1. What is the main use of the special textile according to paragraph 2
A. To make the T-shirts look nicer. B. To keep the wearer warm in cold weather.
C. To cool the wearer by up to 5℃ on hot days. D. To make more people afford T-shirts.
2. Why do researchers need to test the new invention further
A. Because they want to check if it is safe for the environment.
B. Because they wonder if it works while people move or stand.
C. Because the material is too expensive to produce.
D. Because it can not be produced at a low price.
3. What can be predicted from the last two paragraphs
A. The new T-shirts will be welcomed. B. The new T-shirts will be at a high price.
C. No factories will be interested in such T-shirts. D. Few people will buy the T-shirts.
4. Who will most probably buy the new T-shirts
A. An engineer. B. A doctor. C. A teacher. D. A farmer.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A. The T-shirts can cool wearers by 10℃.
B. The T-shirts are already being sold in stores.
C. The new textile works like a mirror to send out heat.
D. Only people who exercise can wear the T-shirts.
B
What inventions do you think are the most important 1
Paper is one of the most important inventions in the world. People can’t write without paper. 2 Cai Lun’s invention allowed people to write down information, stories and history.
The toilet is a simple and important invention. Before toilets, people’s waste would go into the rivers from their homes. 3 However, with toilets, people can dispose of (处理) their waste in a cleaner way. This has helped to make people less sick and keep cities cleaner.
4 Before this invention, most animals died every autumn because there wasn’t enough food for them to eat. But then, hay (干草) came along and became a popular and easy-to-get food for animals. Then animals could live through the long winter.
The fourth great invention is reading glasses. When people become more than 45 years old, they often start having trouble seeing things up close. It is called far-sightedness. 5
Thankfully, reading glasses were invented to solve this problem. They allow people to easily read, write, and do “close work”.
Do you know other important inventions
A. Here are four important ones.
B. This made people sick in big cities.
C. Another great invention is animal food.
D. In 105 AD, Cai Lun in ancient China invented paper.
E. This makes it hard to see things clearly that are close to them.中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Inventions
Section 1 Listening and Speaking分层练习
基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03
一、语音考查
A 标出句尾读音升降调
1. Can I have a look
2. What did you do at the weekend
3. Do you have any plans for summer
4. I played hockey with my friends.
5.What do you want to do today
6.Is there a river near the village
【答案】1. ↗ 2. ↘ 3. ↗ 4. ↘ 5. ↘ 6. ↗
B.根据音标写出单词
1. ___________/ l / it rained, we still had a good time in the park.
2.She learned a new cooking___________ /tek ni k/ from her mother.
3. ___________/ p s n li/, I think English is an interesting subject.
4.Doing exercise every day can___________ / ben f t/ our health.
5.You can't find such a nice book_____________ / eniwe (r)/ else.
【答案】1.Although 2.technique 3.Personally 4.benefit 5.anywhere
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.This incredible invention will keep you____________(complete) dry from head to toe..
2.Listening to music is a good way to relax___________(we).
3.Are you tired of__________(walk)into things when it’s dark
4.Perhaps your cat can do a_________(good)job than you.
5.The development of AI technology brings us a lot of_____________(convenient).
6.Do cars come around the corner when you try__________(cross)the road
7.We are all _________ by the_________ magic show performed by the young boy.（amaze）
8.The great _________ spent years working on his new _________, which changed people's daily lives.（invent）
9.After a long week of hard work, we felt _________ while enjoying the _________ music by the lake.（relax）
10.__________, I don’t like sharing my __________ things with people I don’t know well.（person）
【答案】1.completely 2.ourselves 3.walking 4.better 5.convenience 6.to cross 7. amazed amazing
8. inventor invention 9. relaxed relaxing 10. Personally personal
三、根据要求完成句子
1.据说茶是偶然被发明。
It is said that tea_____ _______ ____ ________.
2.当下大雨的时候，外出不是什么乐事。
When it rains a lot, it’s no fun _______ _____.
3.幸运的是，一个发明家找到了结局问题的办法。
Luckily, one ___________has found______ ________ ______this problem.
4.它可能看起来有点滑稽，一些人可能觉得它奇怪。
It might look a little_______, and some people might_____ _____ _______.
5.我厌倦了一直做同一件事。
I_____ _____ ____doing the same thing all the time.
【答案】1.was invented by accident 2.going out 3.inventor a solution to 4.funny find it strange 5.am tired of
四、听选信息
听选信息1
1. What is the boy trying to invent
(A flying car. / A smart basket. / A school bag with wings.)
2. Where did the boy get the idea
(From a dream. / From a hot air balloon. / From an encyclopaedia.)
听选信息2
3. How many prizes did the boy win
(Two. / Three. / Five.)
4. What is the boy's favourite invention
(The LED Slippers. / The Smart Key Finder. / The Full-Body Umbrella.)
听选信息3
5. When did the girl visit the new science museum
(Last weekend. / Yesterday. / During summer break.)
6. What does the girl think of the invention of the wheel
(It was easy to make. / It made travel faster. / It brought new inventions.)
听力原文及答案
听选信息1
W: Hey, I heard you're working on something cool!
M: Yeah, I'm designing a school bag with wings.
W: Wow, that sounds amazing! Can it actually fly
M: That's the idea! But mostly, I want to make it feel lighter to carry.
W: How did you come up with this idea
M: During summer vacation, I saw a hot air balloon with a basket in the sky—it inspired me.
W: That's fascinating! Is anyone helping you with it
M: Yeah, my dad has been a huge help.
W: It sounds super useful! I really hope you succeed.
M: Thanks a lot!
【答案】1. A school bag with wings./The boy is trying to invent a school bag with wings. 2. From a hot air balloon.
The boy got his idea from a hot air balloon.
听选信息2
W: Hello, Jerry! Welcome to Little Inventor!
M: Thanks! I've been a big fan of your show!
W: That's great to hear. I heard you've created five inventions, and two of them even won awards! How many prizes have you received
M: Three! The Full-Body Umbrella and the LED Slippers got me those prizes.
W: Wow, that's amazing! Which one is your favourite
M: Actually, the Smart Key Finder! I never have to worry about losing my keys anymore!
W: Interesting! How does it work
M: It connects to my phone with Bluetooth. If I lose my keys, I use my phone, and the finder loudly says, "I'm here!"
W: That's so useful! I can tell how much you enjoy talking about it—your smile really lights up your face!
M: Yeah, I truly love my invention!
【答案】3. Three./The boy won three prizes. 4. The Smart Key Finder./The boy's favourite invention is the Smart Key Finder.
听选信息3
W: Hey, I went to the new science museum last Sunday!
M: Oh, really How was it I wanted to go last month but was busy with exams.
W: Summer vacation is coming up—you should go! It was amazing!
M: That sounds great! What did you see there
W: I learned about the invention of the wheel. It's such a great invention!
M: The wheel Sure, it helps people travel faster, but wasn't it just ... easy to come up with
W: I don't think so. It's actually really clever—it led to so many other inventions: bikes, cars, even airplanes. Imagine life without it!
M: You're right. There's no doubt that the wheel really changed transportation.
W: Exactly! On my bus ride home, I kept thinking about how important it is. Without wheels, I'd have to walk!
【答案】5. Last weekend./The girl visited the new science museum last weekend.
6. It brought new inventions./The invention of the wheel brought new inventions.
五、回答问题
7. What was Charles's job
8. When did Charles make the first 3D printer
9. What was his first 3D-printed product
10. What do astronauts print in space
听力原文及答案
The idea of 3D printing first appeared in the early 1980s. An engineer named Charles Hull from the US thought of making things by printing. In 1986, he built the first 3D printer in his company. He used a special plastic to create his first product—a tiny cup. Over the next thirty years, 3D printing technology has improved. It allows people to create objects quickly and easily.
Early printers were big and slow. But today, they work faster with more materials. People use them to create models, toys and even food. Astronauts also print tools in space because it's more convenient than sending from Earth. This technology is changing the way we build and design objects.
【参考答案】
7.An engineer./He was an engineer. 8. In 1986./In 1986, he built the first 3D printer in his company. 9. A cup.
/His first 3D-printed product was a cup. 10. Tools./They print tools in space.
六、信息转述
你将听到有关Suzy想要发明的物品的短文。请根据所听到的内容和提示在60秒钟内复述该短文，包含全部要点。 现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读故事首句及要点提示。
Suzy wants to invent a smart bed.
Every morning, ... so she …
This smart bed can ...
At night, …
In the morning ,…
At the same time, …That helps …
Suzy believes …and …
你可以这样开始: Suzy wants to invent a smart bed.
速记区域
听力原文及答案
A smart bed
Suzy wants to invent a smart bed. Every morning, the sound of her alarm clock scares her, so she hopes to create a bed to wake people up softly.
This smart bed can notice changes in light and temperature. At night, it can get warmer or cooler to help you fall asleep faster. In the morning, it will play soft music and wake you up in a peaceful way. So there will be no more scary, loud noises. At the same time, the head of the bed rises slowly. That helps you get up more easily.
Suzy believes this bed can improve sleep and help everyone start their day with a smile.
【答案】Suzy wants to invent a smart bed. Every morning, the sound of her alarm clock scares her, so she wants to create a bed to wake people up softly. This smart bed can sense light and temperature. At night, it can get warmer or cooler to help you fall asleep faster. In the morning, it will play soft music and wake you up in a peaceful way. At the same time, the head of the bed rises slowly. That helps you get up more easily. Suzy believes this bed can improve sleep and help everyone start their day with a smile.
七、短文填词
A 短文填词
Thomas Edison was an American inventor. He helped to invent the record player, the movie camera, and of course, the light bulb. He said, “Genius is one percent inspiration, and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” He believed that to be successful, hard work is necessary—there is no 1.d_________ about it.
Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He was a terrible student and only went to school for three months. After that, his mother taught him at home. Edison was almost deaf, so it was difficult for him to learn like everyone else. But he didn’t give in to the 2.c_________; instead, he overcame his deafness through hard work.
However, Edison’s mother was not his only teacher. When Edison was a teenager, he saw a little boy playing on the train tracks and saved the little boy’s life. The boy’s father was very grateful. To thank Edison, he taught him a useful telegraphy 3.t_________. From that, Edison got the idea for his first great invention—the record player. That is how Thomas Edison started as an inventor.
Thomas Edison invented the research lab. Instead of working alone, he had a large group of scientists and inventors. They didn’t 4.d________on a single person’s ideas; they worked together to invent new technologies. Edison was also a 5.s_________businessman. He was able to sell these new technologies and make a large profit, and people around the world could 6.b_________from his creations.
7.A___________ Edison was not good at school, he was still a success. Today everyone knows the name of Thomas Edison because of his “ninety-nine percent perspiration.”
【答案】1.doubt 2.challenge 3.technique 4.depend 5.successful6. benefit 7.Although
B 语法填空
There is a common saying that necessity is the mother of innovation (创新) . Every new invention satisfies some kind of need.
People needed to see 1 wearing glasses, so someone invented contact lenses (隐形眼镜) . People needed to communicate with friends and family from far away, so phones 2 (invent) about over 100 years ago. People want these inventions because they can make their lives much easier.
Now the more you have, the 3 (little) work you have to do. For example, plenty of people live their whole lives with a microwave (微波炉) . There are lots of other ways to heat food, but nobody 4 (want) to put in the effort if they don’t have to. Wouldn’t you rather just push a button (按钮) and wait two minutes
Laziness and innovation go hand in hand. Inventors are 5 (common) very lazy. Let’s take 6 example of Benjamin Franklin. He famously called 7 (him) the laziest man in the world. He said he would invent things simply 8 (save) a little bit of time and effort. He was tired of swimming, so he invented flippers (脚蹼) . He created bifocals (远近两用眼镜) 9 he was too lazy to change between different pairs of glasses.
Lazy people make fantastic inventors since they are always looking for the fastest and the most efficient (有效的) way to get things done. Their lazy thoughts motivate (激励) them to find 10 (create) solutions.
【答案】1. without 2. were invented 3. less 4. wants 5. commonly 6. the/this 7. himself 8. to save 9. because 10. creative
【导语】本文主要介绍了有需求就会有发明，发明家往往是最懒惰的人。
1. 句意：人们需要不戴眼镜就看东西，所以有人发明了隐形眼镜。根据“so someone invented contact lenses (隐形眼镜)”可知是在不戴眼镜的情况下看东西，“without”表示“没有，不”，符合语境。故填without。
2. 句意：人们需要和远方的朋友和家人交流，所以大约100年前电话被发明了。根据“about over 100 years ago”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“phones”和“invent”之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”，“phones”是复数，be动词用were，“invent”的过去分词是invented。故填were invented。
3. 句意：现在你拥有的越多，你必须做的工作就越少。根据“the more you have”可知这里考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”，“little”的比较级是less，“less work”表示“更少的工作”。故填less。
4. 句意：有很多其他加热食物的方法，但如果不必的话，没有人愿意付出努力。句子描述的是一般情况，时态为一般现在时，“nobody”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“want”的第三人称单数形式是wants。故填wants。
5. 句意：发明家通常都很懒。这里需要用副词修饰形容词“lazy”，“common”的副词形式是commonly，表示“通常地，一般地”。故填commonly。
6. 句意：让我们以本杰明·富兰克林为例。“take the/this example of...”表示“以……为例”，是固定搭配。故填the/this。
7. 句意：他著名地称自己是世界上最懒的人。这里指他称他自己，“himself”是反身代词，表示“他自己”。故填himself。
8. 句意：他说他发明东西只是为了节省一点时间和精力。这里用动词不定式作目的状语，“to save”表示“为了节省”。故填to save。
9. 句意：他创造了远近两用眼镜，因为他太懒了以至于不想在不同的眼镜之间切换。“he was too lazy to change between different pairs of glasses”是“He created bifocals (远近两用眼镜)”的原因，“because”表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故填because。
10. 句意：他们懒惰的想法激励他们找到有创造性的解决方案。这里需要用形容词修饰名词“solutions”，“create”的形容词形式是creative，表示“有创造性的”。故填creative。
八、语法选择
Lu Ban was a famous woodworker during the Spring and Autumn Period. One day, he was given a task which seemed difficult to complete—collect ____1___wood and build a palace.
At the beginning, Lu Ban and his men took 2 axes to a mountain to cut down tall and thick trees. However, it was very difficult 3 that with only axes. After several days of hard work, Lu Ban and his men met a problem 4 the task. They were really tired, 5 the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace. Lu Ban became 6 . He tried to think of ways to cut down trees quickly and easily.
When he went to a mountain to look for more good wood, he suddenly fell over. Luckily, he 7 out and held on to some grass. 8 the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent because he was already lost in thought.
“Why 9 this grass so sharp ” He thought about it 10 as he looked at the small cuts on his hand. Lu Ban examined the grass and noticed 11 its leaves had many little sharp teeth. He used these teeth to make a small cut on his hand, and they easily cut through the skin. 12 idea came into his mind, “If I make a tool with many small saw-like teeth, wouldn’t we cut down trees much faster ”
Lu Ban invented a new tool called ju (saw in English) and tried it out. It worked. Soon, all 13 workers learnt to use saws. In the end, they 14 cut down large trees quickly.
With the help of the saw, the palace 15 on time.
1. A. a great amount of B. a great number of C. the great number of D. the great amount of
2. A. they B. their C. them D. themselves
3. A. do B. doing C. done D. to do
4. A. by B. in C. to D. with
5. A. and B. or C. but D. so
6. A. worry B. worrying C. worried D. worriedly
7. A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. was reaching
8. A. If B. Because C. Until D. Although
9. A. does B. did C. is D. was
10. A. care B. caring C. careful D. carefully
11. A. that B. what C. how D. why
12. A. A B. An C. The D. /
13. A. the other B. others C. another D. the others
14. A. could B. must C. should D. would
15. A. completed B. was completed C. has completed D. were completed
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B
【导语】本文主要讲述了鲁班发明锯子的过程。
1. 句意：收集大量木材并建造一座宫殿。
这里wood是不可数名词用a great amount of 修饰。故选A。
2. 句意：开始的时候，鲁班和他的手下带着斧子去山上砍又高又粗的树。
they他们（人称代词的主格）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词）；them他们（人称代词的宾格）；themselves他们自己（反身代词）。空后的axes是名词，形容词性物主代词后接名词。故选B。
3. 句意：然而，只用斧子很难完成这个任务。
do做；doing做（现在分词）；done做（过去分词）；to do做（动词不定式）。句型“it was+adj.+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”，所以空格处应用动词不定式。故选D。
4. 句意：经过几天的努力，鲁班和他的手下遇到了一个关于这个任务的问题。
by通过；in在……里面；to到；with关于。meet a problem with sth.意为“在某方面遇到问题”。故选D。
5. 句意：他们真的很累，但收集的木材数量远远不够建造宫殿。
and和；or或；but但是；so所以。分析“They were really tired...the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace.”可知，前后句是转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故选C。
6. 句意：鲁班开始变得担心了。
worry担心（动词）；worrying担心（现在分词）；worried担心的（形容词）；worriedly担心地（副词）。became在此处作系动词，其后接形容词worried作表语，形容人。故选C。
7. 句意：幸运的是，他伸出手抓住了一些草。
reaches伸手（动词第三人称单数形式）；reached伸手（过去式）；will reach将要伸手（一般将来时）；was reaching正在伸手（过去进行时）。根据held可知，时态是一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故选B。
8. 句意：虽然草伤了他的手，但是鲁班保持沉默，因为他已经陷入了沉思。
If如果；Because因为；Until直到……为止；Although虽然。分析“...the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent”可知，前后句是让步关系，此处应用Although引导此让步状语从句。故选D。
9. 句意：为什么这草如此锋利？
does做（动词第三人称单数形式）；did做（过去式）；is是；was是（过去式）。此句是直接引语，根据“Why…this grass so sharp ”可知，时态是一般现在时，空后的sharp是形容词，在此句中要与be动词连用，主语this grass表示单数，所以be动词用is。故选C。
10. 句意：当他看着手上的小伤口时，他仔细地想了想。
care关心（动词原形）；caring关心（现在分词）；careful仔细的（形容词）；carefully仔细地（副词）。分析“He thought about it...”可知，空格处应用副词，修饰动词thought。故选D。
11. 句意：鲁班检查了草，注意到它的叶子上有许多锋利的小牙齿。
that引导宾语从句时，无意义，在从句中不做成分；what“什么”，引导宾语从句；how“怎样”，引导宾语从句；why“为什么”，引导宾语从句。分析“noticed...its leaves had many little sharp teeth”可知，空格处是宾语从句的引导词，无意义，且在从句中不做成分，因此，应用that引导此宾语从句。故选A。
12. 句意：他想到了一个主意。
A（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素前）；An（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素前）；The这个，那个（定冠词，表示特指）；/零冠词。此处泛指一个主意，且idea以元音音素开头，所以空格处应用不定冠词An。故选B。
13. 句意：很快，所有其他工人都学会了使用锯子。
the other（两部分或两者中的）另一；others其他人（其后不接名词）；another（三者或三者以上的）另一个；the others剩下的所有其他人（其后不接名词）。根据“all…workers learnt to use saws.”可知，此处指除鲁班以外的所有其他工人，空后的workers是可数名词的复数形式，“all the other+可数名词复数形式”表示“所有其他的……”。故选A。
14. 句意：最后，他们可以迅速砍倒大树。
could可以；must必须；should应该；would将要。根据“they…cut down large trees quickly.”可知，此处表示工人使用锯子，可以迅速砍倒大树。故选A。
15. 句意：在锯子的帮助下，宫殿按时完工了。
completed完成（过去式）；was completed被完成（一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数）；has completed已经完成（现在完成时）；were completed被完成（一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数）。时态是一般过去时，主语palace和动词complete之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语palace表示单数，故选B。
九、完形填空
I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began when I was a kid. I really became 16 about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.
　　One day in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a project in class. We had to write to a company and learn about the products(产品). I thought and thought. 17 I chose the Thomas A. Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. I enjoyed reading and reading again about his 18 ! I like the recorded sound and the electric light most and kept the inventions in my heart.
　　My dad found that I was interested in inventing and 19 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into 20 and then into new things. Once, I made a model plane and my dad was very surprised. Later, we found a similar model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not 21 for this to happen. I also learned that not all great ideas 22 . Failure is a common part of the inventing.
　　As my father and I worked together, I began to 23 that my dad was quite an inventor himself. He was always 24 a better way to do an easy job. His 25 , together with my interest in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. Of course, I also thank Thomas Edison. He is my hero.
16 A. surprised B. excited C. bored D. worried
17 A. Finally B. Suddenly C. Hardly D. Probably
18 A. conversations B. feelings C. inventions D. knowledge
19 A. allowed B. discussed C. replied D. encouraged
20 A. plans B. homework C. advice D. introduction
21 A. helpful B. successful C. traditional D. unusual
22 A. win B. depend C. work D. create
23 A. promise B. realize C. decide D. imagine
24 A. looking up B. taking in C. looking for D. giving up
25 A. guide B. order C. rule D. career
【答案】BACDA DCBCA
【解析】文章讲述了作者从对发明感兴趣，到最终获得成功的励志故事。作者在四年级时读了一篇关于爱迪生的故事，便开始对发明感兴趣，他爸爸注意到这一点，并教他将想法付诸行动，在他和爸爸一起致力于发明时，他发现爸爸从不言弃，这种精神对他有很大的影响，最终他成了一名工程师。
16.B 句意：当我了解到托马斯·爱迪生之后，我真的对发明感到兴奋。exciting 令人兴奋的。
17.A句意：最后我选择了爱迪生的公司。考查副词和语境。根据I thought and thought.可知是最后，选择了爱迪生的公司；Finally最后.故选A。
18. C句意：反复读他的发明。考查名词辨析和语境。根据I like the recorded sound and the electric light most. The inventions were clearly printed on my brain.可知是反复读他的发明。故答案选C
19. D句意：我爸爸注意到我对发明感兴趣，就鼓励我。考查动词辨析和语境。根据He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things.和语境，可知是鼓励我。答案选D
20.A句意：他教我如何把我的想法变成计划，然后变成新的东西。将想法变成计划，符合题意。答案选A
21. D句意：我知道不同的发明家经常发明相似的东西。这种情况发生并不罕见。从全文中提及经常发明相似的东西，可以推断出unusual 符合题意和语境。答案选D
22.C 句意：我还了解到，并非所有伟大的想法都能奏效. 从后文Failure is a common part of the inventing.可知用work “起作用，有效”符合题意。
23. B当我父亲和我一起工作时，我开始意识到我父亲自己也是个发明家。A. promise 承诺 B. realize 意识到 C. decide决定 D. imagine想象。realize 意识到符合题意。
24. C句意：他总是寻找一个更好的方法来做简单的工作。考查动词短语和语境。根据I began to realize that my dad was quite an inventor himself.和a better way to do a simple job可知是寻找一个更好的方法；looking up查阅，looking for寻找，taking in吸收，giving up放弃；故选C。
25. A他的指导，加上我对发明的兴趣，使我成为一名工程师和发明家。
十、阅读理解
A
Have you ever thought about the possibility that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to 5℃ on hot summer days Thanks to a recent invention, it will probably come true. The amazing invention helps people feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on hot days.
Its inventors, engineers Ma Yaoguang and Tao Guangming in China, had a completely fantastic way. They made a special textile (纺织品). It can take in body heat and send out its energy into space. This textile cools both the objects and the area around them through radioactive cooling (辐射冷却). This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a common shirt, you are in fact wearing something that works like a mirror.
Research at Stanford University had already succeeded in cooling the wearers by 3℃, but this invention was not good enough. So researchers still need to test the new invention to decide how well it works while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their research.
Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking for textile factories and clothing brands (品牌) that are interested in using their textile. They predict that the new material will increase clothing costs by just 10%. “We can make it with more production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones.” Tao said.
So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature, be patient because your days of feeling hot may be coming to an end!
1. What is the main use of the special textile according to paragraph 2
A. To make the T-shirts look nicer. B. To keep the wearer warm in cold weather.
C. To cool the wearer by up to 5℃ on hot days. D. To make more people afford T-shirts.
2. Why do researchers need to test the new invention further
A. Because they want to check if it is safe for the environment.
B. Because they wonder if it works while people move or stand.
C. Because the material is too expensive to produce.
D. Because it can not be produced at a low price.
3. What can be predicted from the last two paragraphs
A. The new T-shirts will be welcomed. B. The new T-shirts will be at a high price.
C. No factories will be interested in such T-shirts. D. Few people will buy the T-shirts.
4. Who will most probably buy the new T-shirts
A. An engineer. B. A doctor. C. A teacher. D. A farmer.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A. The T-shirts can cool wearers by 10℃.
B. The T-shirts are already being sold in stores.
C. The new textile works like a mirror to send out heat.
D. Only people who exercise can wear the T-shirts.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种可以在炎热的天气里给人们降温的T恤，介绍了它的工作原理及未来的发展方向。
1. 细节理解题。根据“It can take in body heat and send out its energy into space. This textile cools both the objects and the area around them…”可知，这种特殊纺织品的用途是吸收身体热量并通过辐射冷却将能量散发到太空，从而冷却穿着者和周围环境，选项C“在炎热天气中使穿着者降温高达5℃”与此一致，故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据“So researchers still need to test the new invention to decide how well it works while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their research.”可知，因为他们想知道在人们移动或站立时是否有效，故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据“the cost is almost the same as their old ones”以及“So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature, be patient because your days of feeling hot may be coming to an end!”可知，结尾强调这种T恤适用于运动员或需应对高温的人，暗示有市场需求，新款T恤将受到欢迎。故选A。
4. 细节理解题。根据“So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature,”可知，目标用户是“运动员或需要应对高温的人”。故选D。
5. 细节理解题。根据“This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a common shirt, you are in fact wearing something that works like a mirror.”可知，这种新纺织品像镜子一样散发热量。故选C。
B
What inventions do you think are the most important 1
Paper is one of the most important inventions in the world. People can’t write without paper. 2 Cai Lun’s invention allowed people to write down information, stories and history.
The toilet is a simple and important invention. Before toilets, people’s waste would go into the rivers from their homes. 3 However, with toilets, people can dispose of (处理) their waste in a cleaner way. This has helped to make people less sick and keep cities cleaner.
4 Before this invention, most animals died every autumn because there wasn’t enough food for them to eat. But then, hay (干草) came along and became a popular and easy-to-get food for animals. Then animals could live through the long winter.
The fourth great invention is reading glasses. When people become more than 45 years old, they often start having trouble seeing things up close. It is called far-sightedness. 5
Thankfully, reading glasses were invented to solve this problem. They allow people to easily read, write, and do “close work”.
Do you know other important inventions
A. Here are four important ones.
B. This made people sick in big cities.
C. Another great invention is animal food.
D. In 105 AD, Cai Lun in ancient China invented paper.
E. This makes it hard to see things clearly that are close to them.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. E
【导语】本文主要介绍了四个重要的发明。
1. 根据第二至五段可知，此处表示要介绍四个重要的发明，选项A“这里有四个重要的发明。”符合语境。故选A。
2. 根据“Cai Lun’s invention allowed people to write down information, stories and history.”可知，此处介绍的是蔡伦的发明，选项D“公元105年，中国古代的蔡伦发明了纸。”符合语境。故选D。
3. 根据“Before toilets, people’s waste would go into the rivers from their homes.”可知，此处介绍人们的排泄物流入河流的危害，选项B“这让大城市的人们生病。”符合语境。故选B。
4. 根据“But then, hay (干草) came along and became a popular and easy-to-get food for animals.”可知，此处介绍的是动物的食物，选项C“另一项伟大的发明是动物食品。”符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据“It is called far-sightedness.”可知，此处介绍的是远视的特征，选项E“这使得人们很难清楚地看到离他们很近的东西。”符合语境。故选E。

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