资源简介

学生版 讲义内容
1. 现在完成时
2. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
3. 延续性动词与瞬间动词的判断（拓展）
4. U4主题写作
【现在完成时】
表影响：现在完成时用于描述过去不明确时间所发生动作的结果。
表持续：现在完成时也用于描述始于过去，到目前仍持续的动作或状态。
表重复：表示在过去到现在的时间里，某个动作或状态发生了多次。
表经历：用来表达个人的经历或做过的事情。
动词形式
have/has done (过去分词)
句式结构
肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词.
She has passed the exam.她已经通过了考试。
否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词.
He has not finished his work.他还没有完成他的工作。
一般疑问句：Have/Has +主语+过去分词？
简答：Yes，主语+ have/has．No，主语+ have/has not．
Have you seen the new movie？你看过那部新电影了吗？
Yes，I have. 是的，我看过。
No，I haven’t. 不，我没看过。
反义疑问句：主语 + have/has + (not) + 过去分词，have/has(+not) + 主格？
He has never been to Italy, hasn’t he？他从没去过意大利，对吗？
时间状语
1. 强调 “动作完成状态”（已完成/未完成）
肯定句常用（可放句中/句末）：just（刚刚）、already（已经）
疑问句/肯定句常用（放句中）：ever（曾经）、never（从未）
否定句/疑问句常用（放句末）：yet（还）
2. 强调 “动作持续时长”（从过去延续到现在）
接时间段（放句末）：for ten years（持续十年）
接时间点/过去动作（放句末）：since last week（自从上周起）
3. 强调 “时间范围（近期 / 截至目前）”
可放句首/句中/句末：recently（最近）
可放句首/句末：in the past few years（在过去的几年里）、so far（迄今为止）、up to now（直到现在）
【tips】
位置灵活的词：already、just 常放 “have/has 和过去分词之间”，也可放句末；
recently、so far、in the past/last few years 放句首，也可放句末。
固定位置的词：for/since 短语、yet 只能放句末；
ever/never 只能放 “have/has 和过去分词之间”。
已回&未回
have/has gone to去了某地，未回（强调此人现在不在这里）
have/has been to去过某地，已回（句末有表示次数的时间状语）
have/has been in在某地，（强调某人待在某地，句末有表示一段时间的状语）
动词变化
规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式一样。
加ed后的读音规则：“清清”，在清辅音后ed发／t／，asked /t/、mopped /t/
“浊浊”，在浊辅音和元音后ed发／d／，lived /d/、answered /d/
“元浊”，在t、d后ed发／ d／，wanted /id/、 decided / d /
不规则动词的过去式和过去分词可以按 “AAA”、“ABB”、“ABC”、“ABA”类型分类。
A→A→A型：
let→let→let、set→set→set、put→put→put、cut→cut→cut
shut→shut→shut、cost→cost→cost、hurt→hurt→hurt
quit→quit→quit、read→read→read、spread→spread→spread
A→B→A型：
become→became→become、come→came→come
run→ran→run 、overcome→overcame→overcome
A→B→B型：
buy→bought→bought、say→said→said、think→thought→thought
lend→lent→lent、send→sent→sent、spend→spent→spent
catch→caught→caught、teach→taught→taught、keep→kept→kept
sleep→slept→slept、sweep→swept→swept、tell→told→told
sell→sold→sold、spell→spelt→spelt、feel→felt→felt
A→B→C型：
begin→began→begun、drink→drank→drunk、go→went→gone
sing→sang→sung、ring→rang→rung、swim→swam→swum
sink→sank→sunk、draw→drew→drawn、grow→grew→grown
know→knew→known、throw→threw→thrown、write→wrote→written
七年级动词变化表
中文意思 动词 过去式 过去分词
醒来；唤醒 awake awoke awoken
是；存在 be(am,is,are) was,were been
承受；忍受；生育；携带 bear bore born/borne
打败；敲打；跳动 beat beat beaten
成为；变得 become became become
开始 begin began begun
流血；出血 bleed bled bled
吹；刮；吹奏；爆炸 blow blew blown
打破；打碎；违反；折断 break broke broken
带来；拿来；引起 bring brought brought
建造；建立；构建 build built built
燃烧；烧毁；灼伤 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned
买；购买 buy bought bought
能；会；可以；可能 can could /
抓住；接住；赶上；感染；理解 catch caught caught
选择；挑选 choose chose chosen
来；来到；出现；发生 come came come
花费；值（多少钱）；使付出（代价） cost cost cost
切；割；剪；削减 cut cut cut
处理；应对；交易；分配 deal dealt dealt
挖；掘；探究 dig dug dug
做；干；执行；整理 do did done
画；拉；吸引；绘制 draw drew drawn
做梦；梦想；设想 dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed
喝；饮；喝酒 drink drank drunk
驾驶；驱使；推动；开车 drive drove driven
吃；进食 eat ate eaten
落下；跌倒；下降；降临 fall fell fallen
喂养；饲养；供给；进食 feed fed fed
感觉；觉得；触摸；体会 feel felt felt
打架；战斗；对抗 fight fought fought
找到；发现；认为；感到 find found found
飞；飞行；乘飞机；飘扬 fly flew flown
忘记；遗忘；忽略 forget forgot forgotten
冻结；结冰；凝固；愣住 freeze froze frozen
得到；获得；变得；到达 get got got/gotten
给；给予；赠送；提供 give gave given
去；走；前往；变得 go went gone
生长；成长；种植；变得 grow grew grown
悬挂；垂下；吊着 hang（悬挂） hung hung
有；拥有；经历；使；吃 have had had
听见；听到；听说；倾听 hear heard heard
隐藏；躲藏；隐瞒 hide hid hidden
打；击打；碰撞；击中 hit hit hit
拿；握；持有；容纳；举办 hold held held
伤害；受伤；疼痛；使痛苦 hurt hurt hurt
保持；保留；继续；饲养 keep kept kept
知道；了解；认识；懂得 know knew known
放置；铺放；产卵；下蛋 lay laid laid
带领；引导；领先；导致 lead led led
学习；学会；得知；了解 learn learnt/learned learnt/learned
离开；留下；遗忘；委托 leave left left
借出；借给；贷给 lend lent lent
让；允许；出租；假设 let let let
躺；平放；位于 lie（躺） lay lain
点燃；照亮；发光；轻击 light lit/lighted lit/lighted
丢失；失去；输掉；迷路 lose lost lost
制作；制造；使；让；整理 make made made
可以；可能；也许；祝愿 may might /
意思是；意味着；打算；意欲 mean meant meant
遇见；相逢；会面；满足 meet met met
误解；弄错；误认为 mistake mistook mistaken
必须；一定；应该；想必 must must /
支付；付款；偿还；给予 pay paid paid
放；放置；表达；写下 put put put
读；阅读；看懂；理解 read/ri:d/ read/red/ read/red/
骑；乘；驾 ride rode ridden
按铃；鸣响；打电话 ring rang rung
上升；升起；起身；增长 rise rose risen
跑；奔跑；运转；经营 run ran run
说；讲；表明；认为 say said said
看见；看到；领会；理解 see saw seen
卖；销售；出让；经销 sell sold sold
发送；寄；派遣；传达 send sent sent
放置；设定；使处于；点燃 set set set
摇动；震动；握手；颤抖 shake shook shaken
将要；会；应该；将要 shall should /
发光；照耀；出众；擦亮 shine shone shone
射击；发射；射门；拍摄 shoot shot shot
展示；表明；证明；出示 show showed shown
关闭；关上；停止；关闭 shut shut shut
唱；唱歌；演唱 sing sang sung
坐；就座；位于；栖息 sit sat sat
睡觉；入睡；睡眠 sleep slept slept
闻；嗅；闻到；散发气味 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled
说；讲；发言；演说 speak spoke spoken
加速；疾行；促进；超速 speed sped/speeded sped/speeded
拼写；拼出；意味着；招致 spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled
花费；度过；消耗；用尽 spend spent spent
传播；展开；蔓延；扩散 spread spread spread
站立；站着；位于；坚持 stand stood stood
偷；偷窃；窃取；剽窃 steal stole stolen
粘住；粘贴；坚持；卡住 stick stuck stuck
扫；打扫；清扫；掠过 sweep swept swept
游泳；游；漂浮；眩晕 swim swam swum
拿；取；接受；乘坐 take took taken
教；教授；教导；教训 teach taught taught
告诉；讲述；吩咐；分辨 tell told told
认为；想；思考；考虑 think thought thought
扔；投；掷；抛弃 throw threw thrown
理解；明白；懂得；获悉 understand understood understood
醒来；唤醒；弄醒；唤起 wake woke woken
穿；戴；穿着；佩戴 wear wore worn
将要；会；愿意；决心 will would /
赢；获胜；赢得；获得 win won won
写；书写；写作；写信 write wrote written
.
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
一般过去时用于描述过去某个明确的时间点或时间段内发生的动作。
She wrote a letter to her friend yesterday.她昨天给她的朋友写了一封信。
（这里的动作是在过去完成的，没有强调对现在的影响。）
He lived in Paris for three years.他在巴黎居住了三年。
（这句话说明他曾经在巴黎居住了三年，但现在已经不在那里居住了。这里的动作是在过去完成的，没有延续到现在。）
现在完成时用于描述发生时间不重要，但结果很重要的动作。
She has written a letter to her friend.她已经给她的朋友写了信。
（这句话可能意味着她写信这个动作对现在有某种影响，比如她现在可能在等待朋友的回复，或者她现在要强调写信这件事情已经完成。）
He has lived in Paris for three years.他已经在巴黎居住了三年。
（这句话则意味着他从三年前开始居住在巴黎，并且现在仍然居住在那里。现在完成时在这里用来表达从过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去。）
含有“for”的现在完成时用于描述始于过去并持续到现在的动作。
She has been studying English for two years.她学习英语已经两年了。
（这句话说明她从两年前开始学习英语，并且现在仍在学习。）
I have been working on this project for six months.我从事这个项目已经六个月了。
（这句话表示我从六个月前开始参与这个项目，并且现在还在进行中。）
We have owned this car for three years. 我们拥有这辆汽车已经三年了。
（这句话说明我们拥有这辆汽车已经三年了，并且现在仍然拥有。）
延续性动词与瞬间动词
延续性动词,是指动作可以持续的动词，与表示段时间的状语从句连用。常见的延续性动词有study, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
非延续性动词(短暂性动词或瞬间动词), 不能持续。可以用于现在完成时，但不能与含一段时间的状语从句连用。常见的非延续性动词(瞬间动词)有join, come, go, leave, return, open, arrive, meet, close, borrow, die, buy, get to know, take, catch, bring, lend, borrow, take off, put on, start, begin, finish, die, marry, get married, fall, join, end, put, 等。
常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
be 型
1. go there—be there去 11.get up—be up起床
2.come here—be here来 12.begin/start(上演)—be on开始
3.come back—be back回来 13. fall asleep—be asleep入睡
4.die—be dead死 14.fall ill—be ill生病
5.leave—be away(from)离开 15. move here/there—be here/there移动
6.open—be open打开 16. get to...—be at/in到达
7.close—be closed关闭 17.arrive at / in...—be at / in到达
8.go/get out—be out出去 18.reach...—be at/in到达
9.finish/end—be over结束 19.get married—be married结婚
10.become—be成为 20.join—be in/be a member of加入
实义动词型
1.borrow—keep借 3.Put on—wear
2. buy—have买 4.catch a cold—have a cold
现在完成时中，瞬间动词不能与一段时间连用。
例1：My friend Jenny has leaned Chinese for two years. She is much better at it now.
例2：The film has ended. =The film has been over for two hours.
特殊句型：It is/ It has been+一段时间+since从句(since前现完，since后过去)
The film began ten minutes ago. 电影在十分钟前开始了。
→It has been ten minutes since the film began. 电影开始十分钟了。
【综合练习】
I. 用现在完成时完成句子。
1. Look! The smart fridge ________ ________ ________ temperature.（just change）
2. Smart homes________ ________ ________ our lives. （already change）
3. I ________ ________ a sore throat for two days. （have）
4. But the smart home________ ________ ________ all smart devices. （not connect）
5. ________ you ________ this smart speaker （see）
II. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1. I______________ (see)Tom last Friday. I______________ (not see) him for two years.
2. My English teacher Mr. Brown______________ in China for two years.(live)
3. Where______________ you______________ for the last two weeks (be)
4. I______________ my pen. I had to use my pencil, instead.(lose)
5. We can't find him anywhere. Perhaps he______________ home.(go)
III. 选择最恰当的答案。
( )1.-Do you know Lijiang of Yunnan -Yes. I________ there three times.
A. have been B. has gone C. goes D. went
( )2.-Mum, where is Tony -He________ to watch a football match. He will be back later.
A. has gone B. went C. goes D. go
( )3.-Sally, I________ the picture already. -Wow, truly beautiful!
A. finish B. have finished C. was finishing D. finished
( )4.-Oh, I'm really lost in this city. -Yeah. The city________ a lot since you left.
A. has changed B. changed C. changes D. have changed
( )5.-Becky, we're leaving in several minutes. Are you ready -No, I________ my clothes yet.
A. have packed B. haven't packed C. didn't pack D. hasn't packed
( )6.- ________ you ________ about Naxi Ancient Music yet -Yes, I have. It is a part of Naxi culture.
A. Has, heard B. Have, heard C. Did, hear D. Do, hear
( )7. This book must be great. My sister________ it five times.
A. reads B. has read C.is reading D. was reading
( )8. Henry said he would be home by five o'clock. But it's already eight now and he________.
A. hasn't come back B. doesn't come back
C. didn't come back D. wouldn't come back
( )9.-My father and I________ a lot of photos at the same place in the past ten years.
-Those photos must be your valuable memories.
A. have taken B. will take C. take D. were taking
( )10. The Wandering Earth II________ with the public since it came out.
A. has been successful B.is successful
C. was successful D. will be successful
11.The new restaurant________ two surveys on its food and service since June.
A. is doing B. will do C. did D. has done
12. So far, Ms Zhang Guimei________ about 2,000 girls change fate（命运）with knowledge.
A. helps B. has helped C. will help D. helped
13. By 10 o'clock last night, we________ over 200 e-mails on the program from the local citizens.
A. received B. have received
C. had received D. will receive
IV. 改写句子。
1. People have seriously polluted the environment in the past ten years．（改为一般疑问句）
________ people seriously________ the environment in the past ten years
2. Mary has already bought the smart camera．（改为否定句）
Mary________ bought the smart camera________.
3. We can protect trees by using cloth bags instead．（对画线部分提问）
________ ________ we protect trees instead
4. The French girl has studied in Fudan University for two years．（对画线部分提问）
________ ________ has the French girl studied in Fudan University
5. After hearing the news, Tom was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.（保持句意基本不变）
After hearing the news, Tom was________ excited________ fall asleep.
V. 圈出句子中的错误并进行改正。
例1. I have lived in this city since five years.
I have lived in this city since five years ago.
2. I have seen the film last week.
3. I haven't seen the news on TV already, but I heard it from my friend.
4. I have bought this book for a month.
5. The book has wrote by my favourite author.
6. How long do you have learned English
7. Has they been to Europe before
8. He hasn't finished his work, does he
9. Kitty travelled to more than ten countries so far.
10. In the past few years, I learned a new language.

U4主题写作
Do you think it is a good way for human being to depend on technology Write your opinions on smart living at least 60 words. 你认为人类依靠科技是个好的方式吗 谈谈你的看法，词数不少于 60个。
如何写好这篇议论文呢？
核心结论：依靠科技（尤其是智能生活）对人类而言是 “利大于弊” 的好方式，它既提升生活效率、带来便利，也需警惕过度依赖的问题，合理使用才能发挥最大价值。
Step1：开篇点题（1-2 句，明确观点）
用简单句型直接表达态度，结合 “smart living” 关键词。
例句：In my opinion, depending on technology like smart living is a good way for humans. It makes our daily lives easier and more convenient. 在我看来，依赖像智能生活这样的技术对人类来说是个好方式。它让我们的日常生活更加轻松便捷。
Step2：分述优点（2-3 句，结合具体场景）
从 “便利、效率、安全” 等角度展开，搭配简单智能设备例子（如 smart fridge、smart speaker）。
例句：First, smart homes save us time. For example, a smart fridge can remind us to buy food, and we can control lights with our phones. Second, they bring safety. Smart cameras let parents check on their kids at home easily. 首先，智能家居为我们节省了时间。例如，智能冰箱可以提醒我们买食物，我们也可以用手机控制灯光。其次，它们带来安全感。智能摄像头让家长可以轻松查看孩子在家的情况。
Step3：提及注意事项（1 句，体现思维全面性）
简单点出 “过度依赖” 的小问题，避免观点绝对化。
例句：Of course, we shouldn’t depend on technology too much. We still need to do some things by ourselves, like cleaning or thinking independently. 当然，我们不应过分依赖技术。我们仍然需要自己做一些事情，比如打扫卫生或独立思考。
Step4：结尾总结（1 句，呼应开头）
重申观点，强调 “合理使用” 的核心。
例句：Overall, smart living is a great helper. If we use it properly, it will make our lives better and better. 总体来说，智能生活是个很好的帮手。如果我们正确使用它，它会让我们的生活越来越美好。
范文分析：
My view on smart living
I believe we should use technology wisely. It's great for making life easier, but we can't forget the basics. For example, we need to know how to cook without a smart oven or read a paper map. If we depend too much on technology, we might lose important skills. We should enjoy the benefits of smart homes but also keep our independence.
优点
1. 观点明确：核心围绕 “明智使用科技、不丢失基础技能”，立场清晰且思维全面。
2. 结构简洁：开篇点题→举例说明→风险提示→结尾总结，符合议论文的基础框架。
3. 语言朴实：用词简单易懂。
可优化点
1. 细节不足：仅提到 “智能烤箱、纸质地图” 两个例子，缺乏具体场景支撑，说服力稍弱。
2. 句式单一：多为简单句，缺少并列句、因果句等基础复合句，表达不够丰富。
3. 衔接生硬：段落内句子间缺少过渡词，逻辑连贯性有待提升。
My view on smart living
I believe we should use technology wisely（in smart living）. It's great（It’s really helpful） for making life（our daily lives） easier（—we can control lights with phones or let smart fridges remind us of food we need）, but we can't forget the basics. For example, we need to know how to cook without a smart oven or read a paper map（when our phones run out of power）. If we depend too much on technology, we might lose important skills. We should enjoy the benefits of smart homes but also keep our independence.（So, while we enjoy the convenience of smart homes, we should also keep our independence.）（In this way, smart living can truly make our lives better.）
优化说明
1. 补充细节：新增 “控制灯光、智能冰箱提醒食材” 的具体场景，让例子更鲜活。
2. 丰富句式：加入破折号连接解释、“while” 引导的转折句，符合七年级复合句学习要求。
3. 完善衔接：添加 “So”“In this way” 等过渡词，让逻辑更流畅。
4. 修正错误：补充 “run out of power”（没电）的实用表达。
5. 强化扣题：多次呼应 “smart living”，让主题更突出。
写作练习
题材：_________________
时态：_________________
写作步骤：
Step1：开篇明确定位
直接给出中心观点，同时扣住 “smart living” 主题。
中译英：我认为在智能生活中，我们应该明智地使用科技。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Step2：先讲科技优势
肯定智能科技的价值，用具体例子支撑 “便利”。
中译英：它确实能让我们的日常生活变得更便捷 —— 我们可以用手机控制灯光，或是让智能冰箱提醒我们需要采购的食材。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Step3：转折强调注意事项（第 3-4 句）
提出 “不能忽视基础技能” 的反面观点，搭配具体例子。
中译英：但我们绝不能忘记基本技能。比如，我们应该学会不用智能烤箱也能做饭，在手机没电时也能看懂纸质地图。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Step4：警示过度依赖的风险（第 5 句）
进一步解释 “重视基础技能” 的原因，强化观点。
中译英：如果过度依赖科技，我们可能会失去重要的生活技能。
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___________________________________________________________________________________________
Step5：总结升华
平衡利弊，给出最终态度，呼应开头。
中译英：因此，在享受智能家居带来的便利时，我们也应保持自身的独立性。这样一来，智能生活才能真正让我们的生活变得更美好。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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完成作文
My view on smart living
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课后作业
I. Write the past forms and past participles of the following verbs and the sound of the suffix -ed according to the example. 根据示例，写出下列规则动词的过去式和过去分词，并标出后缀-ed的发音。
Example: work worked worked /t/
1.beg
2.carry
3. believe
4. stop
5.rain
6. prefer
7. wait
8.act
II. Fill in the blanks with already，yet，since and for（用already，yet，since和for 填空）
1.Most of us have finished our compositions .
2.He said he hadn't visited the exhibition .
3.We have learned five lessons the beginning of this term.
4. Mrs. Liao has been in hospital last week.
5.I have stayed at my aunt's two weeks.
III. Fill in the blanks with the present perfect of the verbs given, and underline the signal words such as adverbs and adverbials of time.用所给动词的现在完成时填空，并划出相应的时间副词或时间状语等信号词。
1. It__________________ (rain) for a week.
2. I don't know this woman. I_________ never_________ (meet) her.
3. -Let's go to the cinema.
-No, I_________ already_________ (see)the film.
4. Mr Green often goes to America. In fact, he__________________ (be) there ten times.
5. Her new classmate__________________ (learn) Japanese since two years ago.
6. Her sister_________ just_________ (buy) a new smart camera.
7. We__________________ (not, finish) our homework yet. Will you wait a minute
8. Great changes__________________ (take) place in China in the last few years.
9. We__________________ (spend) all our money, so we have to go home on foot.
IV. Fill in the blanks with the past simple or present perfect of the verbs given.用所给动词的一般过去时或现在完成时填空。
1. She__________________ (save) a lot of energy since using smart home appliances.
2. They__________________ (enjoy) the convenience of their smart home devices during the lockdown.
3. Last year, I__________________ (buy) a smart thermostat for my house, and it__________________ (help) me save a lot of energy.
4. Recently we__________________ (buy) a smart fridge that can track our groceries.
5. We__________________ (get) a smart lock on our front door last year, and it makes us feel safer.
6. Over the past few years, I__________________ (collect) several smart devices that help me manage my home and stay connected.
7. We__________________ (fix) the water sensor last week because it wasn't working right.
V. Choose the proper answer.选择合适的答案。
( )1.He_______ to Japan many times, so he knows every corner of it.
A. went B. will go C. has gone D. has been
( )2. -Where are you going for your holiday -Well, we _______ yet.
A. haven’t decided B. hadn’t decided C. don’t decide D. didn’t decide
( )3. In the past few years there _______ great changes in my hometown.
A. have been B. were C. had been D. are
( )4. －Have you ever _______ West Lake
－Yes. I _______ there last month. It’s quite beautiful.
A. gone to, went B. been to, went C. been to, go D. gone to, gone
( )5. What’s the best present you have ever ________
A. received B. receives C. receiving D. been received
( )6. -Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary -Yes. I _______ there for three days with my parents last month.
A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was
( )7. -Hello! Is that Mr. Black -No, he_______ Beijing. He will be back in more than two weeks.
A. goes B. went C. has gone to D. has been to
( )8. -The Summer Palace is wonderful. Have you ever visited any other interesting places
-Yes. Also, we _________ to the Great Wall.
A. have gone B. have been C. had gone D. had been
( )9. -_______ you _______ the movie Gongfu Panda II -Not yet. I'll see it this Sunday.
A. Did, see B. Do, see C. Have, seen D. Had, seen
( )10. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he_______ yet.
A. didn't arrive B. doesn't arrive C. isn't arriving D. hasn't arrived
VI. 延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化。
1.He died 10 years ago. → He ______________ for 10 years/since 10 years ago.
2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. → He ______________ the book for 2 weeks.
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. → He ______________ the motorbike for a month.
4. He arrived here three days ago. → He ______________ here since three days ago.
5. He left here 2 years ago. → He ______________ from here for 2 years.
6. The film began 30 minutes ago. → The film ______________ for 30 minutes.
7. They closed the door an hour ago. → The door ______________ for an hour.
8. He joined the army last year. → He ______________ the army for a year.
U4主题写作
Do you have any smart devices at home How do you feel with them Write a passage of at least 50 words on the topic “The smart devices at my home”. 你家有智能设备吗 它们给你的生活带来哪些变化 以“我家的智能设备”为题，写一篇短文，结合自己的经历，谈谈你的体会，词数不少于60。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________60 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
1 / 4教师版 讲义内容
现在完成时
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
延续性动词与瞬间动词的判断（拓展）
U4主题写作
【现在完成时】
表影响：现在完成时用于描述过去不明确时间所发生动作的结果。
表持续：现在完成时也用于描述始于过去，到目前仍持续的动作或状态。
表重复：表示在过去到现在的时间里，某个动作或状态发生了多次。
表经历：用来表达个人的经历或做过的事情。
动词形式
have/has done (过去分词)
句式结构
肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词.
She has passed the exam.她已经通过了考试。
否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词.
He has not finished his work.他还没有完成他的工作。
一般疑问句：Have/Has +主语+过去分词？
简答：Yes，主语+ have/has．No，主语+ have/has not．
Have you seen the new movie？你看过那部新电影了吗？
Yes，I have. 是的，我看过。
No，I haven’t. 不，我没看过。
反义疑问句：主语 + have/has + (not) + 过去分词，have/has(+not) + 主格？
He has never been to Italy, hasn’t he？他从没去过意大利，对吗？
时间状语
强调 “动作完成状态”（已完成/未完成）
肯定句常用（可放句中/句末）：just（刚刚）、already（已经）
疑问句/肯定句常用（放句中）：ever（曾经）、never（从未）
否定句/疑问句常用（放句末）：yet（还）
强调 “动作持续时长”（从过去延续到现在）
接时间段（放句末）：for ten years（持续十年）
接时间点/过去动作（放句末）：since last week（自从上周起）
强调 “时间范围（近期 / 截至目前）”
可放句首/句中/句末：recently（最近）
可放句首/句末：in the past few years（在过去的几年里）、so far（迄今为止）、up to now（直到现在）
【tips】
位置灵活的词：already、just 常放 “have/has 和过去分词之间”，也可放句末；
recently、so far、in the past/last few years 放句首，也可放句末。
固定位置的词：for/since 短语、yet 只能放句末；
ever/never 只能放 “have/has 和过去分词之间”。
已回&未回
have/has gone to去了某地，未回（强调此人现在不在这里）
have/has been to去过某地，已回（句末有表示次数的时间状语）
have/has been in在某地，（强调某人待在某地，句末有表示一段时间的状语）
动词变化
规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式一样。
加ed后的读音规则：“清清”，在清辅音后ed发／t／，asked /t/、mopped /t/
“浊浊”，在浊辅音和元音后ed发／d／，lived /d/、answered /d/
“元浊”，在t、d后ed发／ d／，wanted /id/、 decided / d /
不规则动词的过去式和过去分词可以按 “AAA”、“ABB”、“ABC”、“ABA”类型分类。
A→A→A型：
let→let→let、set→set→set、put→put→put、cut→cut→cut
shut→shut→shut、cost→cost→cost、hurt→hurt→hurt
quit→quit→quit、read→read→read、spread→spread→spread
A→B→A型：
become→became→become、come→came→come
run→ran→run 、overcome→overcame→overcome
A→B→B型：
buy→bought→bought、say→said→said、think→thought→thought
lend→lent→lent、send→sent→sent、spend→spent→spent
catch→caught→caught、teach→taught→taught、keep→kept→kept
sleep→slept→slept、sweep→swept→swept、tell→told→told
sell→sold→sold、spell→spelt→spelt、feel→felt→felt
A→B→C型：
begin→began→begun、drink→drank→drunk、go→went→gone
sing→sang→sung、ring→rang→rung、swim→swam→swum
sink→sank→sunk、draw→drew→drawn、grow→grew→grown
know→knew→known、throw→threw→thrown、write→wrote→written
七年级动词变化表
中文意思 动词 过去式 过去分词
醒来；唤醒 awake awoke awoken
是；存在 be(am,is,are) was,were been
承受；忍受；生育；携带 bear bore born/borne
打败；敲打；跳动 beat beat beaten
成为；变得 become became become
开始 begin began begun
流血；出血 bleed bled bled
吹；刮；吹奏；爆炸 blow blew blown
打破；打碎；违反；折断 break broke broken
带来；拿来；引起 bring brought brought
建造；建立；构建 build built built
燃烧；烧毁；灼伤 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned
买；购买 buy bought bought
能；会；可以；可能 can could /
抓住；接住；赶上；感染；理解 catch caught caught
选择；挑选 choose chose chosen
来；来到；出现；发生 come came come
花费；值（多少钱）；使付出（代价） cost cost cost
切；割；剪；削减 cut cut cut
处理；应对；交易；分配 deal dealt dealt
挖；掘；探究 dig dug dug
做；干；执行；整理 do did done
画；拉；吸引；绘制 draw drew drawn
做梦；梦想；设想 dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed
喝；饮；喝酒 drink drank drunk
驾驶；驱使；推动；开车 drive drove driven
吃；进食 eat ate eaten
落下；跌倒；下降；降临 fall fell fallen
喂养；饲养；供给；进食 feed fed fed
感觉；觉得；触摸；体会 feel felt felt
打架；战斗；对抗 fight fought fought
找到；发现；认为；感到 find found found
飞；飞行；乘飞机；飘扬 fly flew flown
忘记；遗忘；忽略 forget forgot forgotten
冻结；结冰；凝固；愣住 freeze froze frozen
得到；获得；变得；到达 get got got/gotten
给；给予；赠送；提供 give gave given
去；走；前往；变得 go went gone
生长；成长；种植；变得 grow grew grown
悬挂；垂下；吊着 hang（悬挂） hung hung
有；拥有；经历；使；吃 have had had
听见；听到；听说；倾听 hear heard heard
隐藏；躲藏；隐瞒 hide hid hidden
打；击打；碰撞；击中 hit hit hit
拿；握；持有；容纳；举办 hold held held
伤害；受伤；疼痛；使痛苦 hurt hurt hurt
保持；保留；继续；饲养 keep kept kept
知道；了解；认识；懂得 know knew known
放置；铺放；产卵；下蛋 lay laid laid
带领；引导；领先；导致 lead led led
学习；学会；得知；了解 learn learnt/learned learnt/learned
离开；留下；遗忘；委托 leave left left
借出；借给；贷给 lend lent lent
让；允许；出租；假设 let let let
躺；平放；位于 lie（躺） lay lain
点燃；照亮；发光；轻击 light lit/lighted lit/lighted
丢失；失去；输掉；迷路 lose lost lost
制作；制造；使；让；整理 make made made
可以；可能；也许；祝愿 may might /
意思是；意味着；打算；意欲 mean meant meant
遇见；相逢；会面；满足 meet met met
误解；弄错；误认为 mistake mistook mistaken
必须；一定；应该；想必 must must /
支付；付款；偿还；给予 pay paid paid
放；放置；表达；写下 put put put
读；阅读；看懂；理解 read/ri:d/ read/red/ read/red/
骑；乘；驾 ride rode ridden
按铃；鸣响；打电话 ring rang rung
上升；升起；起身；增长 rise rose risen
跑；奔跑；运转；经营 run ran run
说；讲；表明；认为 say said said
看见；看到；领会；理解 see saw seen
卖；销售；出让；经销 sell sold sold
发送；寄；派遣；传达 send sent sent
放置；设定；使处于；点燃 set set set
摇动；震动；握手；颤抖 shake shook shaken
将要；会；应该；将要 shall should /
发光；照耀；出众；擦亮 shine shone shone
射击；发射；射门；拍摄 shoot shot shot
展示；表明；证明；出示 show showed shown
关闭；关上；停止；关闭 shut shut shut
唱；唱歌；演唱 sing sang sung
坐；就座；位于；栖息 sit sat sat
睡觉；入睡；睡眠 sleep slept slept
闻；嗅；闻到；散发气味 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled
说；讲；发言；演说 speak spoke spoken
加速；疾行；促进；超速 speed sped/speeded sped/speeded
拼写；拼出；意味着；招致 spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled
花费；度过；消耗；用尽 spend spent spent
传播；展开；蔓延；扩散 spread spread spread
站立；站着；位于；坚持 stand stood stood
偷；偷窃；窃取；剽窃 steal stole stolen
粘住；粘贴；坚持；卡住 stick stuck stuck
扫；打扫；清扫；掠过 sweep swept swept
游泳；游；漂浮；眩晕 swim swam swum
拿；取；接受；乘坐 take took taken
教；教授；教导；教训 teach taught taught
告诉；讲述；吩咐；分辨 tell told told
认为；想；思考；考虑 think thought thought
扔；投；掷；抛弃 throw threw thrown
理解；明白；懂得；获悉 understand understood understood
醒来；唤醒；弄醒；唤起 wake woke woken
穿；戴；穿着；佩戴 wear wore worn
将要；会；愿意；决心 will would /
赢；获胜；赢得；获得 win won won
写；书写；写作；写信 write wrote written
.
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
一般过去时用于描述过去某个明确的时间点或时间段内发生的动作。
She wrote a letter to her friend yesterday.她昨天给她的朋友写了一封信。
（这里的动作是在过去完成的，没有强调对现在的影响。）
He lived in Paris for three years.他在巴黎居住了三年。
（这句话说明他曾经在巴黎居住了三年，但现在已经不在那里居住了。这里的动作是在过去完成的，没有延续到现在。）
现在完成时用于描述发生时间不重要，但结果很重要的动作。
She has written a letter to her friend.她已经给她的朋友写了信。
（这句话可能意味着她写信这个动作对现在有某种影响，比如她现在可能在等待朋友的回复，或者她现在要强调写信这件事情已经完成。）
He has lived in Paris for three years.他已经在巴黎居住了三年。
（这句话则意味着他从三年前开始居住在巴黎，并且现在仍然居住在那里。现在完成时在这里用来表达从过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去。）
含有“for”的现在完成时用于描述始于过去并持续到现在的动作。
She has been studying English for two years.她学习英语已经两年了。
（这句话说明她从两年前开始学习英语，并且现在仍在学习。）
I have been working on this project for six months.我从事这个项目已经六个月了。
（这句话表示我从六个月前开始参与这个项目，并且现在还在进行中。）
We have owned this car for three years. 我们拥有这辆汽车已经三年了。
（这句话说明我们拥有这辆汽车已经三年了，并且现在仍然拥有。）
以下为拓展内容，教师可选择性讲解
延续性动词与瞬间动词
延续性动词,是指动作可以持续的动词，与表示段时间的状语从句连用。常见的延续性动词有study, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
非延续性动词(短暂性动词或瞬间动词), 不能持续。可以用于现在完成时，但不能与含一段时间的状语从句连用。常见的非延续性动词(瞬间动词)有join, come, go, leave, return, open, arrive, meet, close, borrow, die, buy, get to know, take, catch, bring, lend, borrow, take off, put on, start, begin, finish, die, marry, get married, fall, join, end, put, 等。
常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
be 型
1. go there—be there去 11.get up—be up起床
2.come here—be here来 12.begin/start(上演)—be on开始
3.come back—be back回来 13. fall asleep—be asleep入睡
4.die—be dead死 14.fall ill—be ill生病
5.leave—be away(from)离开 15. move here/there—be here/there移动
6.open—be open打开 16. get to...—be at/in到达
7.close—be closed关闭 17.arrive at / in...—be at / in到达
8.go/get out—be out出去 18.reach...—be at/in到达
9.finish/end—be over结束 19.get married—be married结婚
10.become—be成为 20.join—be in/be a member of加入
实义动词型
1.borrow—keep借 3.Put on—wear
2. buy—have买 4.catch a cold—have a cold
现在完成时中，瞬间动词不能与一段时间连用。
例1：My friend Jenny has leaned Chinese for two years. She is much better at it now.
例2：The film has ended. =The film has been over for two hours.
特殊句型：It is/ It has been+一段时间+since从句(since前现完，since后过去)
The film began ten minutes ago. 电影在十分钟前开始了。
→It has been ten minutes since the film began. 电影开始十分钟了。
【综合练习】
用现在完成时完成句子。
Look! The smart fridge ________ ________ ________ temperature.（just change）
Smart homes________ ________ ________ our lives. （already change）
I ________ ________ a sore throat for two days. （have）
But the smart home________ ________ ________ all smart devices. （not connect）
________ you ________ this smart speaker （see）
has just changed、have already changed、have had、has not connected、Have seen
用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。
I______________ (see)Tom last Friday. I______________ (not see) him for two years.
My English teacher Mr. Brown______________ in China for two years.(live)
Where______________ you______________ for the last two weeks (be)
I______________ my pen. I had to use my pencil, instead.(lose)
We can't find him anywhere. Perhaps he______________ home.(go)
1.saw,haven't seen 2.has lived 3.have,been 4.have lost 5.has gone
选择最恰当的答案。
( )1.-Do you know Lijiang of Yunnan -Yes. I________ there three times.
A. have been B. has gone C. goes D. went
( )2.-Mum, where is Tony -He________ to watch a football match. He will be back later.
A. has gone B. went C. goes D. go
( )3.-Sally, I________ the picture already. -Wow, truly beautiful!
A. finish B. have finished C. was finishing D. finished
( )4.-Oh, I'm really lost in this city. -Yeah. The city________ a lot since you left.
A. has changed B. changed C. changes D. have changed
( )5.-Becky, we're leaving in several minutes. Are you ready -No, I________ my clothes yet.
A. have packed B. haven't packed C. didn't pack D. hasn't packed
( )6.- ________ you ________ about Naxi Ancient Music yet -Yes, I have. It is a part of Naxi culture.
A. Has, heard B. Have, heard C. Did, hear D. Do, hear
( )7. This book must be great. My sister________ it five times.
A. reads B. has read C.is reading D. was reading
( )8. Henry said he would be home by five o'clock. But it's already eight now and he________.
A. hasn't come back B. doesn't come back
C. didn't come back D. wouldn't come back
( )9.-My father and I________ a lot of photos at the same place in the past ten years.
-Those photos must be your valuable memories.
A. have taken B. will take C. take D. were taking
( )10. The Wandering Earth II________ with the public since it came out.
A. has been successful B.is successful
C. was successful D. will be successful
11.The new restaurant________ two surveys on its food and service since June.
A. is doing B. will do C. did D. has done
12. So far, Ms Zhang Guimei________ about 2,000 girls change fate（命运）with knowledge.
A. helps B. has helped C. will help D. helped
13. By 10 o'clock last night, we________ over 200 e-mails on the program from the local citizens.
A. received B. have received
C. had received D. will receive
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.D 12.B 13.C
改写句子。
People have seriously polluted the environment in the past ten years．（改为一般疑问句）
________ people seriously________ the environment in the past ten years
Mary has already bought the smart camera．（改为否定句）
Mary________ bought the smart camera________.
We can protect trees by using cloth bags instead．（对画线部分提问）
________ ________ we protect trees instead
The French girl has studied in Fudan University for two years．（对画线部分提问）
________ ________ has the French girl studied in Fudan University
After hearing the news, Tom was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.（保持句意基本不变）
After hearing the news, Tom was________ excited________ fall asleep.
Have; polluted、hasn't; yet、How can、How long、too; to
圈出句子中的错误并进行改正。
例1. I have lived in this city since five years.
I have lived in this city since five years ago.
2. I have seen the film last week.
3. I haven't seen the news on TV already, but I heard it from my friend.
4. I have bought this book for a month.
5. The book has wrote by my favourite author.
6. How long do you have learned English
7. Has they been to Europe before
8. He hasn't finished his work, does he
9. Kitty travelled to more than ten countries so far.
10. In the past few years, I learned a new language.
2. I saw the film last week.
3. I haven't seen the news on TV yet, but I heard it from my friend.
4. I have had this book for a month.
5. The book has been written by my favourite author.
6. How long have you learned English
7. Have they been to Europe before
8. He hasn't finished his work, has he
9. Kitty has travelled to more than ten countries so far.
10. In the past few years, I have learned a new language.
U4主题写作
Do you think it is a good way for human being to depend on technology Write your opinions on smart living at least 60 words. 你认为人类依靠科技是个好的方式吗 谈谈你的看法，词数不少于 60个。
如何写好这篇议论文呢？
核心结论：依靠科技（尤其是智能生活）对人类而言是 “利大于弊” 的好方式，它既提升生活效率、带来便利，也需警惕过度依赖的问题，合理使用才能发挥最大价值。
Step1：开篇点题（1-2 句，明确观点）
用简单句型直接表达态度，结合 “smart living” 关键词。
例句：In my opinion, depending on technology like smart living is a good way for humans. It makes our daily lives easier and more convenient. 在我看来，依赖像智能生活这样的技术对人类来说是个好方式。它让我们的日常生活更加轻松便捷。
Step2：分述优点（2-3 句，结合具体场景）
从 “便利、效率、安全” 等角度展开，搭配简单智能设备例子（如 smart fridge、smart speaker）。
例句：First, smart homes save us time. For example, a smart fridge can remind us to buy food, and we can control lights with our phones. Second, they bring safety. Smart cameras let parents check on their kids at home easily. 首先，智能家居为我们节省了时间。例如，智能冰箱可以提醒我们买食物，我们也可以用手机控制灯光。其次，它们带来安全感。智能摄像头让家长可以轻松查看孩子在家的情况。
Step3：提及注意事项（1 句，体现思维全面性）
简单点出 “过度依赖” 的小问题，避免观点绝对化。
例句：Of course, we shouldn’t depend on technology too much. We still need to do some things by ourselves, like cleaning or thinking independently. 当然，我们不应过分依赖技术。我们仍然需要自己做一些事情，比如打扫卫生或独立思考。
Step4：结尾总结（1 句，呼应开头）
重申观点，强调 “合理使用” 的核心。
例句：Overall, smart living is a great helper. If we use it properly, it will make our lives better and better. 总体来说，智能生活是个很好的帮手。如果我们正确使用它，它会让我们的生活越来越美好。
范文分析：
My view on smart living
I believe we should use technology wisely. It's great for making life easier, but we can't forget the basics. For example, we need to know how to cook without a smart oven or read a paper map. If we depend too much on technology, we might lose important skills. We should enjoy the benefits of smart homes but also keep our independence.
优点
观点明确：核心围绕 “明智使用科技、不丢失基础技能”，立场清晰且思维全面。
结构简洁：开篇点题→举例说明→风险提示→结尾总结，符合议论文的基础框架。
语言朴实：用词简单易懂。
可优化点
细节不足：仅提到 “智能烤箱、纸质地图” 两个例子，缺乏具体场景支撑，说服力稍弱。
句式单一：多为简单句，缺少并列句、因果句等基础复合句，表达不够丰富。
衔接生硬：段落内句子间缺少过渡词，逻辑连贯性有待提升。
My view on smart living
I believe we should use technology wisely（in smart living）. It's great（It’s really helpful） for making life（our daily lives） easier（—we can control lights with phones or let smart fridges remind us of food we need）, but we can't forget the basics. For example, we need to know how to cook without a smart oven or read a paper map（when our phones run out of power）. If we depend too much on technology, we might lose important skills. We should enjoy the benefits of smart homes but also keep our independence.（So, while we enjoy the convenience of smart homes, we should also keep our independence.）（In this way, smart living can truly make our lives better.）
优化说明
补充细节：新增 “控制灯光、智能冰箱提醒食材” 的具体场景，让例子更鲜活。
丰富句式：加入破折号连接解释、“while” 引导的转折句，符合七年级复合句学习要求。
完善衔接：添加 “So”“In this way” 等过渡词，让逻辑更流畅。
修正错误：补充 “run out of power”（没电）的实用表达。
强化扣题：多次呼应 “smart living”，让主题更突出。
写作练习
题材：议论文
时态：一般现在时
写作步骤：
Step1：开篇明确定位
直接给出中心观点，同时扣住 “smart living” 主题。
中译英：我认为在智能生活中，我们应该明智地使用科技。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
I believe we should use technology wisely in smart living.
具体做法：用 “I believe” 引出立场（should use technology wisely），限定场景（in smart living），让观点不笼统、不偏离主题。
作用：开篇抓题，让读者快速知道文章核心讨论 “智能生活中如何对待科技”。
Step2：先讲科技优势
肯定智能科技的价值，用具体例子支撑 “便利”。
中译英：它确实能让我们的日常生活变得更便捷 —— 我们可以用手机控制灯光，或是让智能冰箱提醒我们需要采购的食材。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
It’s really helpful for making our daily lives easier—we can control lights with phones or let smart fridges remind us of food we need.
具体做法：先总说 “It’s really helpful for making daily lives easier”，再用破折号引出 2 个贴近生活的例子（手机控灯、智能冰箱提醒食材）。
作用：避免观点空洞，用七年级学生熟悉的场景增强说服力，同时为后文转折做铺垫。
Step3：转折强调注意事项（第 3-4 句）
提出 “不能忽视基础技能” 的反面观点，搭配具体例子。
中译英：但我们绝不能忘记基本技能。比如，我们应该学会不用智能烤箱也能做饭，在手机没电时也能看懂纸质地图。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
But we mustn’t forget the basics. For example, we should know how to cook without a smart oven and read a paper map when our phones run out of power.
具体做法：用 “But” 表转折，点出 “mustn’t forget the basics”；再用 “For example” 引出 2 个对应例子（不用智能烤箱做饭、手机没电看纸质地图），与前文科技场景形成对比。
作用：体现思维全面性，不片面夸赞或否定科技，符合议论文 “辩证看待” 的基本要求。
Step4：警示过度依赖的风险（第 5 句）
进一步解释 “重视基础技能” 的原因，强化观点。
中译英：如果过度依赖科技，我们可能会失去重要的生活技能。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
If we depend too much on technology, we might lose important life skills.
具体做法：用 “If” 引导条件状语从句，说明 “过度依赖科技” 的后果（lose important life skills）。
作用：让 “不能忽视基础” 的观点更有依据，逻辑更完整，也提升文章深度。
Step5：总结升华
平衡利弊，给出最终态度，呼应开头。
中译英：因此，在享受智能家居带来的便利时，我们也应保持自身的独立性。这样一来，智能生活才能真正让我们的生活变得更美好。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
So, while we enjoy the convenience of smart homes, we should also keep our independence. In this way, smart living can truly make our lives better.
具体做法：用 “So” 表总结，用 “while” 引导转折（享受便利的同时保持独立）；最后用 “In this way” 引出最终结论（智能生活让生活更美好），回扣主题。
作用：收尾完整，让文章结构闭环，观点更鲜明有力。
完成作文
My view on smart living
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________60 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
课后作业
Write the past forms and past participles of the following verbs and the sound of the suffix -ed according to the example. 根据示例，写出下列规则动词的过去式和过去分词，并标出后缀-ed的发音。
Example: work worked worked /t/
1.beg
2.carry
3. believe
4. stop
5.rain
6. prefer
7. wait
8.act
beg → begged; begged; /d/
carry → carried; carried; /d/
believe → believed; believed; /d/
stop → stopped; stopped; /t/
rain → rained; rained; /d/
prefer → preferred; preferred; /d/
wait → waited; waited; / d/
act → acted; acted; / d/
Fill in the blanks with already，yet，since and for（用already，yet，since和for 填空）
1.Most of us have finished our compositions .
2.He said he hadn't visited the exhibition .
3.We have learned five lessons the beginning of this term.
4. Mrs. Liao has been in hospital last week.
5.I have stayed at my aunt's two weeks.
1.already 2.yet 3.since 4.since 5.for
Fill in the blanks with the present perfect of the verbs given, and underline the signal words such as adverbs and adverbials of time.用所给动词的现在完成时填空，并划出相应的时间副词或时间状语等信号词。
It__________________ (rain) for a week.
I don't know this woman. I_________ never_________ (meet) her.
-Let's go to the cinema.
-No, I_________ already_________ (see)the film.
Mr Green often goes to America. In fact, he__________________ (be) there ten times.
Her new classmate__________________ (learn) Japanese since two years ago.
Her sister_________ just_________ (buy) a new smart camera.
We__________________ (not, finish) our homework yet. Will you wait a minute
Great changes__________________ (take) place in China in the last few years.
We__________________ (spend) all our money, so we have to go home on foot.
1. has rained（信号词：for a week）2.have; met（信号词：never）3.have; seen（信号词：already）
4.has been（信号词：ten times）5.has learned（信号词：since two years ago）6.has; bought（信号词：just）
7.haven't finished（信号词：yet）8.have taken（信号词：in the last few years）
9.have spent（无明确时间信号词，通过后半句 “so we have to go home” 体现动作已完成的结果）
Fill in the blanks with the past simple or present perfect of the verbs given.用所给动词的一般过去时或现在完成时填空。
She__________________ (save) a lot of energy since using smart home appliances.
They__________________ (enjoy) the convenience of their smart home devices during the lockdown.
Last year, I__________________ (buy) a smart thermostat for my house, and it__________________ (help) me save a lot of energy.
Recently we__________________ (buy) a smart fridge that can track our groceries.
We__________________ (get) a smart lock on our front door last year, and it makes us feel safer.
Over the past few years, I__________________ (collect) several smart devices that help me manage my home and stay connected.
We__________________ (fix) the water sensor last week because it wasn't working right.
1. has saved 2. enjoyed 3. bought；has helped 4. have bought 5. got 6. have collected 7. fixed
Choose the proper answer.选择合适的答案。
( )1.He_______ to Japan many times, so he knows every corner of it.
A. went B. will go C. has gone D. has been
( )2. -Where are you going for your holiday -Well, we _______ yet.
A. haven’t decided B. hadn’t decided C. don’t decide D. didn’t decide
( )3. In the past few years there _______ great changes in my hometown.
A. have been B. were C. had been D. are
( )4. －Have you ever _______ West Lake
－Yes. I _______ there last month. It’s quite beautiful.
A. gone to, went B. been to, went C. been to, go D. gone to, gone
( )5. What’s the best present you have ever ________
A. received B. receives C. receiving D. been received
1-5 DAABA
( )6. -Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary -Yes. I _______ there for three days with my parents last month.
A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was
( )7. -Hello! Is that Mr. Black -No, he_______ Beijing. He will be back in more than two weeks.
A. goes B. went C. has gone to D. has been to
( )8. -The Summer Palace is wonderful. Have you ever visited any other interesting places
-Yes. Also, we _________ to the Great Wall.
A. have gone B. have been C. had gone D. had been
( )9. -_______ you _______ the movie Gongfu Panda II -Not yet. I'll see it this Sunday.
A. Did, see B. Do, see C. Have, seen D. Had, seen
( )10. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he_______ yet.
A. didn't arrive B. doesn't arrive C. isn't arriving D. hasn't arrived
BCBCD
延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化。
1.He died 10 years ago. → He ______________ for 10 years/since 10 years ago.
2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. → He ______________ the book for 2 weeks.
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. → He ______________ the motorbike for a month.
4. He arrived here three days ago. → He ______________ here since three days ago.
5. He left here 2 years ago. → He ______________ from here for 2 years.
6. The film began 30 minutes ago. → The film ______________ for 30 minutes.
7. They closed the door an hour ago. → The door ______________ for an hour.
8. He joined the army last year. → He ______________ the army for a year.
1.has dead、2.has kept、3.has had、4.has been、5.has been away、6.has been on、7.has been closed、8.has been in
U4主题写作
Do you have any smart devices at home How do you feel with them Write a passage of at least 50 words on the topic “The smart devices at my home”. 你家有智能设备吗 它们给你的生活带来哪些变化 以“我家的智能设备”为题，写一篇短文，结合自己的经历，谈谈你的体会，词数不少于60。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________60 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
The smart devices at my home
Our smart home devices have made life more convenient and fun. Our smart lights can change colors to match our mood, and the smart alarm wakes us up with soft music instead of noises. The coolest device is the smart door lock so that we never have to worry about forgetting keys again. These devices have shown me the power of technology and made me excited about the future.
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